高考英语培优增分一轮人教经典版特训选修885Unit5Meetingyourancestorsa

Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2016·四川高考]InthedepthsoftheFrenchGuianeserainforest,therestillremainunusualgroupsofindigenous(土著的)people.Surprisingly,thesepeoplelivelargelybytheirownlawsandtheirownsocialcustoms.Andyet,peopleinthisareaareinfactFrenchcitizensbecauseithasbeenacolony(殖民地)oftheFrenchRepublicsince1946.Intheory,theyshouldlivebytheFrenchlaw.However,theirremotelocationsmeanthattheFrenchlawisoftenignoredorunknown,thusmakingthemintoaninterestingareaof“lawlessness”intheworld.ThelivesofthesepeoplehavefinallybeenrecordedthankstotheeffortsofaFrenchmanfromPariscalledGin.Ginspentfivemonthsinearly2015exploringthemostremotecornersofthisarea,whichsitsontheedgeoftheAmazonrainforest,withhalfitspopulationofonly250,000livinginitscapital,Cayenne.“IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears，”saysGin.“I'vebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccesstotheirlivingenvironment.Idon'tseeitasalawlessland.ButratherIseeitasanareaoffreedom.”“Iwantedtoshowtheaudienceaphotographicrecordtouchingupontheuncivilizedlife，”continuesGin.“Iprefertoworkinblackandwhite,whichallowsmetoshowdifferentspecificworldsmoreclearly.”Hisblack－and－whitepicturespresentaworldalmostlostintime.Thesepicturesshowpeopleseeminglypushedintoaworldthattheywereunpreparedfor.Theselocalcitizensnowhavetobalancetheirtraditionalself－supportinghuntinglifestylewiththelifestyleofferedbythemodernFrenchRepublic,whichbringswithitnotonlynecessarystatewelfare,butalsoalcoholism,betrayalandevensuicide.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，题材为社会生活类。文章主要介绍了居住在法属圭亚那热带雨林深处的土著居民。由于居住地偏远，他们过着一种未开化的生活，但同时也受到了现代法国生活方式的影响。1．WhydoestheauthorfeelsurprisedabouttheindigenouspeopleinFrenchGuiana?A．TheyseldomfollowtheFrenchlaw.B．TheyoftenignoretheGuianeselaw.C．Theyareseparatedfromthemodernworld.D．TheyarebothGuianeseandFrenchcitizens.答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这些人主要按照他们自己的法律和社会习俗生活，很少遵守法国法律。故答案为A项。2．GinintroducesthespecialworldoftheindigenousGuianeseas________.A．atourguide B．ageographerC．afilmdirector D．aphotographer答案：D细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“aphotographicrecord”可知，Gin是以摄影师的身份来向人们介绍这些土著居民的。故答案为D项。3．WhatisGin'sattitudetowardsthelivesoftheindigenousGuianese?A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及最后两句的描述“我看到的不是一个目无法律的世界，而是一片自由的乐土。”可推断出，摄影师Gin很欣赏他们的生活方式。故选D项。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．ThemodernFrenchlifestyle.B．Theself－supportinghunting.C．Theuncivilizedworld.D．TheFrenchRepublic.答案：A指代判断题。根据画线词后的内容可知，随之而来的不仅有必要的社会福利，还有酗酒、背叛甚至是自杀，这些变化是与传统的自给自足的狩猎生活方式不同的现代的法国生活方式所导致的，故it应指“现代的法国生活方式”。故选A项。BInancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略)．Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Forexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfoodlaterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,thewomen'sshoesectionisgenerallynexttothewomen'scosmetics(化妆品)section:whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderovercosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers'senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,sotheymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwinewentup.Whenitestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisioninthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。你知道现在的商家是如何吸引顾客的吗？他们效仿古埃及店主的做法，通过对购物环境做一些改变及其他更多策略来吸引顾客。5．Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?A．Tosavecustomers'time.B．Toshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.C．Tohelpselljunkfood.D．Tosellthematdiscountprices.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，此举目的是为了能够使顾客在情绪高兴的情况下不知不觉选购一些垃圾食品。故选C项。6．AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?A．Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning.B．DisplayingBritishwinesnexttoFrenchones.C．Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic.D．Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，烤面包的味道能促进顾客购物，因此他们让面包味充满着整个商店。故选D项。7．WhatistheCaliforniabuilder'sstoryintendedtoprove?A．Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B．Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C．Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers'taste.D．Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.答案：D推理判断题。最后一段主要是说顾客在进门的头几秒钟就会作出是否购买的决定，由此可推知，良好的第一印象会有助于增加销量。故选D项。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomers.B．Tointroducehowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.C．Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.D．Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.答案：A推理判断题。文章的第一段就点明了主题。本文主要介绍的是商家是通过哪些手段促使人们购物，从而把人们变成顾客的。故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2018·成都诊断]SomepeopledescribeAmericansocietyasasaladbowlwhileothersthinkofitasameltingpot.Inabowlofsalad,alltheingredientsaremixedtogether.__1__Together,however,theingredientsmakeupaunity.Alltheingredientsofasaladcontributetothefinishedproduct.Theymaybecoveredwiththesamedressing(调味酱),butthegreenvegetables,tomatoesandcookedcorncanallbeseenforwhattheyare.Fromthispointofview,Americaisverymuchlikeasaladbowlwhereindividualethnicgroupsmixtogether,yetmaintaintheirculturaluniqueness.Peoplemayworktogetherduringthedayatsimilarjobsandinthesamepanies,butatnighttheymayreturntotheirethnicgroupswheretheirownindividualculturedirectstheirwayoflife.__2__Eachethnicgrouphasitsownspecialcustoms,language,foodandtraditionstoprotectanddefend.Thisideaofthesaladbowlisreferredtoasculturaldiversity;thatis,Americansocietyisacollectionofvariouscultureslivingtogetherinharmonywithinonecountry.__3__Here,societyislikeonelargepotofsoup.Allculturalaspectsaremixedtogether,sacrificingtheiroriginalidentityandkeepingabitofwhattheyweretobeeanewreality.Thelongerthesoupiscooked,thebetterthetasteandthemorelikelyitwillbeforthemixturetodissolve.Inthissense,Americacansurelybeseenasameltingpotwherepeoplefromallovertheworldetoliveandworktogetherformingonenation.Therearedozensofsharedsymbols.__4__Insuchaculture,symbolsliketheflagandthenation'sofficialsongservetobreakdownthewallswhichseparateethnicgroups.Whetherasaladbowlorameltingpot,Americacanbebestdescribedasamixtureofboth.__5__A．Botharecorrectdependingonone'spointofview.B．Theyneverlosetheirshapes,colorsortastes.C．ThisiswhythereissomuchdiversitywithinAmerica.D．Inotherwords,Americaisanationwherethereisunityindiversity.E．Thus,oneneedstoabandonone'sculturetobeconsid­ered“American”．F．TheyservetodevelopthevariousethnicgroupstocreateanewAmericanculture.G．Theothertheory,whichisalsousedtodescribeAmericansociety,isthemeltingpot.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章用沙拉碗以及大熔炉作比喻，形象地说明了美国社会的特点和特质。1．B根据上下文可知在沙拉碗里，各种沙拉的成分混合在一起，但它们还都保持各自的形状，颜色及口味，所以答案是B。2．C根据上下文可知，这就是为什么在美国有如此多样性的原因，每一个民族都有自己的语言及风俗习惯等，C项起到了过渡句的作用，承上启下，所以答案是C。3．G下文主要讲述了美国社会被称为大熔炉的原因，所以答案是G。4．F根据上下文可知，来自世界不同地方的人来美国定居、工作，他们融合在一起创造出一种新的美国文化，所以答案是F。5．D根据上文可知，美国是沙拉碗还是大熔炉，美国最好可以被称为两者的混合物。也就是说，美国是一个具有多样性统一的国家，所以答案是D。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2018·安徽蚌埠一模]Inrecentyears,Internetvotinghasbeeincreasingly__1__(popularity)inChina.Peoplenotonlycastonlinevotes__2__(them),butalsourgeotherstovotefor__3__(pete)like“theMostBeautifulTeacher”and“theCutestBaby”．LinYue,ahighschoolstudent,isinvitedtovotein“theBestPoliceOfficer”，__4__(organize)bythelocalgovernmenttoletthepublichave__5__betterunderstandingofpoliceofficers'dailywork.LinYuevisitsthewebsiteandreadsallthestories.Heis__6__(deep)movedbytheirgloriousdeeds.Heisalreadythinkingofbeingapolicemanhimselfinthefuture.WuHua__7__(invite)byhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”.Hehasreceivedthreesimilarinvitationssofar.Hisuncletellshim__8__ifhiscousinwinsit,thefamilywillwinanoverseastour__9__free.WuHualikeshiscousinverymuch,__10__hefindsothersingersperformevenbetter.Tovote,ornottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。近年来网上投票在中国变得越来越流行。人们不仅亲自在网上投票，也要求其他人为一些比赛投票。有时候这样的投票可以带来好处，但有时候会让人陷入一种两难的境地。1．popular考查词性转换。句意：近年来，网上投票在中国变得越来越流行。设空处位于系动词bee之后，应用形容词作表语。故填popular。2．themselves考查反身代词。句意：人们不仅自己在网上投票，也要求其他人为一些比如“最美教师”或“最可爱宝宝”之类的比赛投票。根据句意可知，此处指“他们亲自……”用来强调people这一复数主语，应用反身代词。故填themselves。3．petitions考查词性转换。由空格后的举例可知，设空处为名词，且指不止一次比赛，因此用名词复数形式。故填petitions。4．organized考查非谓语动词。organize和句子谓语isinvited之间没有连词，故设空处为非谓语动词，且设空处和“theBestPoliceOfficer”之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填过去分词形式organized作定语。5．a考查冠词。haveabetterunderstandingof...为固定搭配，意为“更好地了解……”。6．deeply考查词性转换。句意：他被他们的光荣事迹深深地打动了。设空处修饰moved，应用副词，且从概念上表示的是抽象意义的“深”。故填deeply。7．isinvited考查动词的时态和语态。根据下文时态为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时；且invite与句子主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故填isinvited。8．that考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空格引导的从句作tells的宾语，为宾语从句，而且从句中不缺成分和语义。故填that。9．for考查固定搭配。由上下文语境可判断此处指赢得比赛就可以免费出国旅游。