高考英语复习 阅读理解练习题含答案

最新高考英语阅读理解专题练习（附答案）50

一、高中英语阅读理解

1.阅读理解

"Whensomeoneisrudetoyou,itcanputyouinabadmood.Itmayevenleadyoutoberude

tosomeoneelse,creatingachainofrudeness.Infact,thistroublingchainmayevenbecausedby

simplyseeingsomeoneberudetoanotherperson.Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthe

hadbehavior,"statedaresearcher.

Theresearchersworkedwith81persons,withoccupationsrangingfromsecuritytobusinessto

medicine,whowereaskedtocompleteonlinesurveysovera10-dayperiod.Participants

recordedtheirmoodswhentheywokeup;andintheevening,theydescribedtheirexperiences

overthecourseofthatday.

Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionof

somekind.Halfofthemornings,thevideoincludedsomekindofrudenesswhiletheotherhalf

hadsomekindofwarminteractionintheworkplace.Rudenesswasconveyedthroughvarious

means,includingalackofeyecontactorunpleasantlanguage.

Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudeness

duringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeing

thevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.

Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.Afewweeksbeforethe

studybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceand

emotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluation

weresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.

Consequently,oneoftheresearchersrecommendedthatcompanieshiremanagerswhocan

limitexposuretorudeness,provideplentyofpositivereinforcement(强化)andbuildacivil

workplaceenvironment.This,inturn,couldhelpemployeesbuildtheirconfidencelevelsand

helpthembetterhandleworkplacerudeness.

(1)WhatisParagraph1intendedtoshow?

A.Thepopularityofrudeness.B.Aregularcauseofrudeness.

C.Anewfindingaboutrudeness.D.Thecommondisadvantageofrudeness.

(2)Whyaretheshortvideosplayedfortheparticipants?

A.Tomakethemspreadrudeness.

B.Toeducatethemonworkplaceinteraction.

C.Toexposethemtovariousaspectsofrudeness.

D.Toteachthemhowtouserightbodylanguages.

(3)Whatistheprobableeffectofwatchingthevideosonsomeparticipants?

A.Beingunwillingtowork.B.Poorabilitytodotheirwork.

C.Seriousemotionalsufferings.D.Lessinteractionwithothers.

(4)Whomaynotbeaffectedbytherudenessvideos?

A.Peoplepositiveandkindtothemselves.

B.Peoplekeepingcalminstressfulsituations.

C.Peopleowningconfidenceinothers'ability.

D.Peopleparticipatingintherudenessexperiment.

【答案】(l)C

(2)C

(3)D

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，关于''无礼〃行为作为一种〃传染性〃行为

是可以避免的。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthebad

behavior〃你甚至不必成为不良行为的目标，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了这种无礼行为

的〃传染性〃之后，是在引出一项关于这种行为的新发现。故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashort

video,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.”每天早上，参与者还观看了一段描述某

种工作场所互动的短视频;第四段中的''Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideos

reportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday..."观看了无礼视频的参与者才艮告称，

他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为……和第五段中的"Notallparticipantswereaffectedbythe

rudenessvideos,however;然而，并不是所有的参与者都受到了粗鲁视频的影响。可知，让

参与者观看视频是为了让他们受到更多的影响而研究他们的情绪变化。故选C。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的''Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideos

reportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelyto

escapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreported

theiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.〃观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天

看到或经历了无礼行为，而且他们也更有可能逃离同事，以免自己成为无礼行为的受害

者。他们报告说，他们的整体工作因此受到影响。可知，一些参与者在观看视频之后会逃

避与人交流以免成为受影响者。故选D。

(4)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的理fewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipants

completedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamong

otherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelyto

beinfluencedbytherudeness.”在研究开始前几周，参与者完成了一项评估，评估内容包括

他们的自信心和情绪稳定性等。在这项评估中得分较高的参与者受粗鲁行为影响的可能性

明显较低。可知，不易受到影响的人较为冷静沉着。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需

要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2.(2019•浙江)阅读理解

Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationin

LosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthat

read,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."

Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashto

theboard.""Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveand

took,"saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinher

weddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars,"Mostofthebillsontheboardwere

singles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsone

manwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.

"WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,"Bridgessaid.

"There'sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethe

most."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertook

asmuchastheycould.

Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwasto

showgenerosityandsympathy.Headdedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilar

projectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.

"Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid."Somedaysyouneedahelpinghand

andsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”

(1)Whatdoestheexpression"moneywithnostringsattached"inparagraph1mean?

A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.

C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.

(2)WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?

A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.

C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.

(3)WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?

A.Todoatestonpeople'smorals.B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.

C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.

【答案】(1)c

(2)B

(3)D

【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，讲述在洛杉矶的联合车站，竖起了一块木板，上面

钉着一些美钞和一个牌子，上面写着"留下你能给予的，拿走你所需要的。"虽然有很多人

拿走了钱，但是还是有人把钱钉在木板上。

(1)词义猜测题。根据下文第二段开头whilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheir

owncashtothebtoard可知这个板子的目的是为人们提供爱心交换，需要的从上面拿钱，

有富余的可以在上面留钱。这些钱是没有附加条件的。故答案为C。

(2)推理判断题。题干中的bride是TylerBridges举的一个例子，为了证明前一句People

ofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,即这个活动

吸引了各种年龄、种族和经济背景的人。故答案为B。

(3)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中

Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy可知他发起这个活动的目的是

让人们展示慷慨和同情。故答案为D。

【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一段第三句话就是本文的主题句，阅读时要要弄清

新闻的主旨，弄清细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解相关的句子，从

而得到需要的答案。

3.阅读理解

OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:34traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thento

separateandmeetagainforlunch.WeshouldhavearrivedatLiverpoolat9:19,butduetoa

typicalLondonfog,thetrainhadtomovealongsoslowlythatitwasnotuntil10:30thatitgot

there.Inspiteofourlatearrival,Joan,mywife'ssister,decidedthatshewouldgotoseethe

CrownJewelsintheTowerofLondonwhilewewentshopping.Itwasonlyafterhersisterhad

disappearedintothefogthatmywiferealizedthatwehadn'tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetfor

lunch.SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmypocket,thiswasindeedaproblem.

ThereseemedtobenothingwecoulddoexcepttakingataxitotheTowerofLondon,andtryto

findherthere.Needlesstosay,wedidn'tfindher.

Itwasnowoneo'clock,andtheconcertbeganat2:30."Perhapsshewillthinkofwaiting

outsidetheconcerthall,"suggestedmywifehopefully.Bythistimethefogwassothickthatroad

traffichadtostop,andtheonlywaytogettherewasbyundergroundrailway.Handinhandwe

feltourwayalongtheroadtowherewethoughttheneareststationshouldbe.Anhourlaterwe

werestilltryingtofindit.JustasIwasabouttolosemytempercompletelywhenwemetablind

mantappinghiswayconfidentlythroughthefog.WithhishelpwefoundTowerHilltubestation

justfiftyyardsdowntheroad.

Bynowitwasfartoolateeventotrytogettotheconcerthallbeforetheperformancebegan

at2:30,sowedecidedtoreturntoCambridge.Ittooksevenlonghoursinsteadoftheusualtwo

tomakethatjourney.Norwereweabletogetanyfoodanddrinkonthetrain.Tiredandhungry

wefinallyreachedhomeatten,openingthedoortothesoundofthetelephonebell.ItwasJoan;

shehadseentheCrownJewels,hadmanagedtogetanotherticketforconcert,andhadhada

wonderfuldinneratarestaurantnearthehotelwhereshedecidedtostayforthenight.Nowshe

wasringingtodiscoverwhetherwehadhadanequallysuccessfulday.

(1)WhywasJoanseparatedfromhersisterandherbrother-in-law?

A.theycouldnotseeeachotherbecauseofthefog.

B.JoanhadnotseenCrownJewels.

C.Theyplannedtododifferentthingsuntillunchtime.

D.Thewriterdidn'twanttogototheconcert.

(2)Whatdidthewriterplantodointheafternoon?

A.Gototheconcert.B.SeetheCrownJewels.

C.ReturntoCambridge.D.Goshopping.

(3)Thereasonwhytheydidn'tallmeetforlunchwasthat.

A.Theylosttheirwayinthefog

B.theyforgottomakenecessaryarrangement

C.theywaitedatdifferentplacesanddidn'tmeeteachother

D.thecouplecouldn'tfindtheundergroundstation

(4)It'squiteclearthatforJoanthetriptoLondonhadbeen.

A.spiltbythefogB.quitetiringC.ratherdisappointingD.veryenjoyable

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一伙人到伦敦游玩的故事。由于安排不

当，导致当天的活动很是混乱。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:34

traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thentoseparateandmeetagainforlunch"可矢口，他们分开的

原因在于他们决定各自做自己的事情，然后中午午餐时相聚。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmy

pocket,thiswasindeedaproblem",可知作者计划去听音乐会。故选A。

(3)细节理解。根据第一段中的"Itwasonlyafterhersisterhaddisappearedintothefogthat

mywiferealizedthatwehadn'tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetforlunch.’可知此前他们并没有

做好安排。故导致午饭时没能聚到一起。故选B。

(4)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"ItwasJoan;shehadseentheCrownJewels,had

managedtogetanotherticketforconcert,andhadhadawonderfuldinneratarestaurantnear

thehotelwhereshedecidedtostayforthenight何知Joan玩得很尽兴。故选Do

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节

信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读理解

AfamousAnglicanChurchstandsinaquietcornerofDunedininNewZealand'sSouthIsland.

Builtin1865,itisthecity'soldestchurchstillinuse.Countlesscoupleshavegatheredhereto

marry.It'swheremorningtearsareshared,friendshipsformedandcomfortgivenduringtimesof

loss.

Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollectionofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.

Knownasthe"JohnAllenwindow",onewindowportraystheshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,

whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.

JohnwasthesonofSirJamesAllen,whoasMinisterofDefense,helpedplanandadminister

NewZealand'sWorldWarIstrategy,whichsaw100,000troopssenttofight.Withthewarover

andhissondead,SirJameschosetoinstallawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamily

hadstrongties.

Dividedintotwoparts,onedepicts(描绘)St.George,thepatronsaint(守护神)ofsoldiers,

whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthebottom,"JohnHughAll

Gallipoli,6thJune,1915".Twotreeswithlocalbirdsonthebranchescanbeseenandakiwiwalks

atthebottom-remindersthatJohnwasaloverofbirds.

"Therearemanywarmemorialsinthechurch,"saysthechurch."Howeverthe'JohnAllen

window'standsout;ittouchespeoplebecauseofthebeautifuldesign,theNewZealandbirds

andbecauseJohn'sstory,ofalifesofullofpromiseendingtragicallyinthewar,reflectsthelives

andstoriesofsomanyothersinvolvedinWorldWarI."

(1)Whatdoestheword"portrays"inparagraph2mostprobablymean?

A.Starts.B.Changes.C.Treasures.D.Represents.

(2)SirJamesAllenbuiltthe"JohnAllenwindow"to.

A.celebratetheendofWorldWarI

B.honorthetroopsintheGallipolicampaign

C.rememberhisson'ssacrificetothecountry

D.showthefamily'sclosetieswiththechurch

(3)Whatmightbethemainthemeofthepicturesonthewindow?

A.Freedomandequality.

B.Peaceandwar.

C.Humanandnature.

D.Marriageandfamily.

(4)Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ABraveSoldier

B.WindowonaLife

C.CrueltyoftheWar

D.AGrandChurch

【答案】(1)D

(2)C

(3)B

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一所教堂中一个被称为“约翰・艾伦之窗"的窗

户，上面描绘了一位当地人约翰・艾伦的短暂生命。这是约翰的父亲为了纪念他的儿子为国

家做出的牺牲而绘制的，主题体现了战争与和平。

(1)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"theshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin

1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.可知被称为"JohnAllenwindow”的一扇窗户描绘了当

地男子JohnAllen短暂的一生，他于1915年在土耳其的加里波利战役中牺牲。可知

portrays意思为〃描绘〃，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschoseto

installawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamilyhadstrongties.'随着战争的结束和他

儿子的去世，SirJames选择在教堂里安装了一扇窗户，艾伦家族与这扇窗户有着密切的联

系。可知SirJamesAllen建造了“JohnAllenwindow”,以纪念他的儿子为国家做出的牺牲。

故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"Dividedintotwoparts,onedepictsSt.George,

thepatronsaintofsoldiers,whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthe

bottom/'JohnHughAllGallipoli,6thJune,1915”;绘画分为两部分,一部分描绘了士兵的守护

神圣乔治，另一部分描绘了和平天使，最下面写着"JohnHughAllGallipoli,1915年6月6

日〃。可推知窗里的画的主题应当为战争与和平。故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段“Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollection

ofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.Knownasthe“JohnAllenwindow",onewindowportraysthe

shortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.”与许多

教堂一样，它的墙壁上装饰着一系列美丽的彩色玻璃窗。一个窗子被称为"约翰・艾伦之窗

",上面描绘了一位当地人约翰・艾伦的短暂生命，他于1915年在土耳其的加利波利战役中

去世。)以及文章主要内容为描述这个玻璃窗画背后的故事，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一

篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5.阅读理解

Everyyearmigratory（迁徙的）batstravelfromMexicotoBrackenCave,wheretheyspendthe

summerconsuminginsectsthatwouldotherwisehungrilyeatcommonfoodcrops.Butthebats

havebeenshowingupfarearlierthantheydidtwodecadesago.

Inastudy,scientistsatRothamstedResearch,anagriculturallaboratoryinEngland,usedradar

datafrom160U.S.weatherstationstoanalyzeactivityintheTexasbatcolonyfrom1995through

2017.TheydiscoveredthecreatureswereleavingtheirwinterquartersinMexicoearlierand

reproducingsooner.Theywerealsoastonishedtofindincreasingnumbersofbats

overwintering（过冬）atBrackenCaveinsteadofheadingbacktotheircoldweatherquartersin

Mexico.Overwinteringisasignthatwarmertemperatureschangethebats'annualrhythms,

RothamstedbiologistPhillipStepaniansays.

AseparatestudyofmigratorybatsinIndiana,publishedlastyear,foundthattemperature

variationsaffectedarrivalanddeparturetimes—likewisehintingatthepotentialinfluenceof

climatechange.JoyO'Keefe,abiologyprofessoratIndianaStateUniversityandco-authorofthat

study,saysearlyarrivalattheirsummerhabitats（栖息地）couldexposethesebatstocold

snaps（寒流）,andtheycouldfreezetodeath.

JoyO'Keefeandhercolleaguesalsofoundthatchangingbatmigrationtimescanalsoclash

withrainfallpatterns.Manyinsectsthatbatseatbreedinseasonallakesandpuddles.Ifthebats

arrivetooearlytobenefitfromsummerrainfallandtheresultingabundanceofinsectstheymay

struggletofeedtheirpups（幼崽）orskipreproductionaltogether,O'Keefesays.Shefearsthis

shiftcouldcauseMidwesternbatstodecreasetowardextinction,whichwouldbebadnewsfor

humans."Declinesinbatpopulationscouldhavesevereeffectsforcropsuccess,"shesays,

addingthatbatsalso"controlsignificantdiseasevectors,suchasmosquitoes."

However,scientistsarenotcertainthatclimatechangealoneiscausingtheBrackenCavebat

colonytomigrateearlier.Theyhavefoundadirectlinkbetweenseasonaltemperaturesandbird

migration,butbatsarealsoinfluencedbyfactorssuchaschangesinwindspeedanddirection.

Andthereareothercomplications."Batsaremysteriouslittleanimalsthatmovemostlyatnight

andaredifficulttoobserveandtrack,"Stepaniansays."Wehavethisconceptualpictureofwhat

mightbehappening,butreallytyingittothecauseisthenextstep."

(1)ScientistsatRothamstedResearchfoundthat.

A.batsprefercolderweatherB.batsdelaytheirreproduction

C.warmingaffectsbatmigrationD.radarcanbeusedtoobservebats

(2)JoyO'Keefediscoveredthat.

A.batsareusedtolivinginrainfallseasons

B.bats'earliermigrationmightharmfarming

C.insects'reproductionhelpstospreaddisease

D.insectsshortagemakesbatsreproduceearlier

(3)Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus?

A.Windspeedanddirectionaffectbats.B.Itisdifficulttoobserveandtrackbats.

C.Climatechangemakesbatsmigrateearlier.D.Furtherresearchonthecauseisnecessary.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Bats'habitatsB.EndangeredbatsC.Bats*scheduleD.Bats,ourgoodfriends

【答案】(1)C

(2)B

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】【分析】

【点评】本文是一篇说明文，作者先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象

可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Overwinteringisasignthatwarmertemperatures

changethebats'annualrhythms,RothamstedbiologistPhillipStepaniansays//罗斯泰德的生物

学家菲利普・斯捷潘尼安说，越冬是气温升高改变蝙蝠年度节律的一个标志，可知，蝙蝠越

冬的方式是一个迹象，这表明了气温上升改变了它们每年的迁徙规律。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Ifthebatsarrivetooearlytobenefitfromsummer

rainfallandtheresultingabundanceofinsects,theymaystruggletofeedtheirpups(幼崽)orskip

reproductionaltogether,O'Keefesays.ShefearsthisshiftcouldcauseMidwesternbatsto

decreasetowardextinction,whichwouldbebadnewsforhumans.''Declinesinbatpopulations

couldhavesevereeffectsforcropsuccess/shesays”奥基夫说，如果蝙蝠来得太早，无法从夏

季降雨和由此产生的大量昆虫中获益，它们可能难以喂养幼崽，或者完全跳过繁殖。她担

心这种转变可能会导致中西部蝙蝠走向灭绝，这对人类来说是个坏消息。〃蝙蝠数量的减少

可能对作物的成功产生严重影响，〃她说，可知，蝙蝠过早地迁徙会因为缺少食物，导致喂

养幼仔的困难，或者跳过繁殖期，这将导致蝙蝠数量减少，害虫增加，从而对农作物产生

影响。由此可知，乔伊・奥基夫发现，蝙蝠过早的迁徙可能会危害农业。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"However,scientistsarenotcertainthatclimate

changealoneiscausingtheBrackenCavebatcolonytomigrateearlier."然而，科学家们还不能

确定仅仅是气候变化就导致了蕨类洞穴蝙蝠群落更早的迁徙；及"Batsaremysteriouslittle

animalsthatmovemostlyatnightandaredifficulttoobserveandtrack/'Stepaniansays.〃We

havethisconceptualpictureofwhatmightbehappening,butreallytyingittothecauseisthe

nextstep.〃斯捷潘尼安说：〃蝙蝠是神秘的小动物，大多在夜间活动，很难观察和追踪。

〃我们对可能发生的事情有一个概念性的描述，但真正将其与原因联系起来还需要进一步的

研究。〃可推知，对蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因还需要进一步的研究。故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。作者通过第一段中的"Butthebatshavebeenshowingupfarearlier

thantheydidtwodecadesago/但是蝙蝠出现的时间比20年前要早得多)提出蝙蝠迁徙提前

的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的

原因。由此可知，本文主要围绕蝙蝠的迁徙时间变化展开介绍分析。由此可知选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6.阅读理解

Genetechnologytobenefitpeople

Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,orbiological

engineeringaspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Sometimesitisahottopic

discussedbypeople.

Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsat

presentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsof

peoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodate,doctorshavenotfoundaneffectiveway

tocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisapplied,notonlythesetwodiseasescanbecured

completely,bringinghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountof

moneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,thereforeitbenefitstheeconomyas

well.Inaddition,humanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged.

Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtomorehealthyandcleverchildren.Some

families,withtheEnglishimperial皇室)familybeingagoodexample,havehereditary(遗传的)

diseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilydisease,whichisagreattrouble

forthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditarydiseases.Butgene

technologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Thescientistjustneedtofindthewronggeneand

correctitandahealthychildwillbeborn.

Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtomanufacturehumanbeingsin

largequantities.Inthepastfewyears,scientistshavesucceededincloningasheep;therefore

thesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbecloned.ButIbelieveclonedbabieswill

notcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormal

way.Ofcourse,thegovernmentsmusttakecaretocontrolgenetechnology.

(1)Whatdoes"thesetwokillers"inthesecondparagraphreferto?

A.Genetechnologyandanothertreatmentofthetwodiseases.

B.Thetwomurdererswhokilledtheclonedbaby.

C.Thetwodiseasesofcancerandheartdisease.

D.Hereditarydiseasesandcancer.

(2)What'sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A.Howgenetechnologycanbeappliedinthefieldoftreatinghereditarydiseases.

B.Genetechnologycanbeusedtoclonehumanbabies.

C.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthofababy.

D.GenetechnologycanhelptheEnglishimperialfamilyout.

(3)Inwhatwaygenetechnologycanhelptotreathereditarydiseases?

A.Usinggenetechnology,peoplewithhereditarydiseasescanhavemorelivingdays.

B.Usinggenetechnology,scientistfindsthewronggeneandcorrectsit.

C.Usinggenetechnology,humanbabiescanbecloned.

D.Doctorscancurecancerandheartdiseasewiththehelpofgenetechnology.

(4)Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Expressingthewriter'sideathatgenetechnologywillbenefitpeople

B.Tellingpeopletheadvantagesofgenetechnology

C.Tellingthereadersthatgenetechnologywillnotbenefitpeople

D.Explainingthatgenetechnologywillalsodoharmtothehumanity

【答案】(1)C

(2)A

(3)B

(4)A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。

(1)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoisto

cureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerand

heartdisease.〃基因技术所能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈严重的疾病，而这些疾病是目前医

生们几乎无能为力的，比如癌症和心脏病，及划线词所在句"Everyyear,millionsofpeople

aremurderedbythesetwokillers.”每年都有数百万人被这两名杀手杀害，可知，每年造成数

百万人死亡的元凶就是癌症和心脏病。由此可知，thesetwokillers指的是上文做的cancer

andheartdisease.故选Co

(2)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的"Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingabouthereditary

diseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Thescientistjustneedtofindthe

wronggeneandcorrectitandahealthychildwillbeborn.“在过去，医生对遗传病无能为力。

但是基因技术可以完美地解决这个问题。科学家只需要找到错误的基因并加以纠正，一个

健康的孩子就会诞生。可知，第三段主要介绍了基因技术可以被应用于治愈家族病。故选

Ao

(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Thescientistjustneedtofindthewronggeneand

correctit,andahealthychildwillbeborn”科学家只需要找到错误的基因和纠正它，和一个健康

的孩子将出生，可知，利用基因技术，科学家发现错误的基因并加以纠正，这样就可以治

愈家族病了。故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。根据标题"Genetechnologytobenefitpeople”基因技术造福人类；及

最后一段中的“ButIbelieveclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouples

intheworldcanhavebabiesinverynormalway.Ofcourse,thegovernmentsmusttakecareto

controlgenetechnology.〃但我相信克隆婴儿不会大量出现，因为世界上大多数夫妇可以用非

常正常的方式生育。当然，政府必须小心控制基因技术，可知，文章主要表达作者了认为

基因技术将造福人类的观点。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一

篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7.阅读理解

Atypicalchildplaysmanyroles,suchasfriend,neighbor,sonordaughter.Simplyreminding

childrenofthatfactcanleadtobetterproblem-solvingandmoreflexiblethinking,accordingto

newresearchfromDukeUniversity.

Betterproblem-solvingwasjustonepositivefindingofthestudy,saidleadauthorSarah

Gaither,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyandneuroscienceatDuke.Afterthinkingabouttheir

ownvariousidentities,childrenalsoshowedmoreflexiblethinkingaboutraceandothersocial

groupings-abehaviorthatcouldbevaluableinanincreasinglydiversesociety.

Inaseriesofexperiments,Gaitherandhercolleagueslookedat196children,ages6and7.In

anexperiment,onegroupofchildrenwasremindedthattheyhadvariousidentities,suchasson,

daughter,readerorhelper.Asecondgroupofchildrenwasremindedoftheirmultiplephysical

attributes,suchasamouth,armsandlegs.Allthechildrenthenneededtohandleafewtasks

Childrenwhowereremindedoftheirvariousidentitiesshowedstrongerproblem-solvingand

creativethinkingskills.Whenshownpicturesofabearstaringathoney-filledbeehive（蜂窝）high

upinatree,thesechildrenhadmorecreativeideasforhowthebearmightgetthehoney,such

asturningoverabowlsothatitbecameastool（凳子）.Inotherwords,they