安徽省马鞍山市2023-2024学年高二年级下册开学检测英语试卷(含答案)

安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学检测英语试

卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

GrandCanyonNationalPark

LocatedinnorthernArizona,theparkcovers277milesoftheColoradoRiverandnearby

uplands.Oneofthemostawesomeexamplesoferosion（侵蚀）intheworld,GrandCanyon

isunmatchedintheincomparableviewitofferstovisitors.

ParkOpeningsandClosings

TheVillageandDesertViewontheSouthRimareopenallyearandparkentrances

remainopen24hoursaday.NorthRimfacilitiesopenmid-Mayandclosemid-October.Park

entrancesremainopen24hoursadayduringthistime.Hoursforvisitorcentersand

businessesvarythroughouttheyear.

ParkInformation

TheparkproducesaPocketMapwithaNorthRimandSouthRimeditionthatcontainsa

mapandinformationaboutservices,facilities,andparkrangerprograms.Itisavailablein

French,German,Italian,Spanish,andChinese.Ahikingbrochureisavailableforthose

planningtohikeoneofthepark'smaintrailsdownintoGrandCanyon.Obtainpublications

atentrancestations,visitorcenters,or/136oil.

Accessibility

Theterrain（地形）isruggedwithnarrow,rockytrailsandsteepcliffs.Visitorsusing

wheelchairsorhavingvisualdisabilitiesmayneedassistance.Formoreinformationabout

accessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see/lrtxl2.

ParkEntranceFees

Admissiontotheparkus$35perprivatevehicle;$30permotorcycle;and$20per

personenteringtheparkthroughGrandCanyonRailway,parkshuttlebus,walking,orriding

abicycle.Thepasscanbeusedforsevendaysandincludesbothrims.Payfeesatpark

entrancestationsoratsomebusinessesoutsidethepark.EveryyeartheNationalParkService

offersentrancefeefreedays.Forcompletefeeinformation,please/y5uu6f.

Sustainability

GrandCanyonNationalParkinvolvessustainabilityinallaspectsofitsoperations.Use

yourrefillablewaterbottletofilluponfreeGrandCanyonspringwateratvisitorcentersand

grocerystores.Recyclingcontainersareconvenientlylocatedandascommonastrashbins.

Discoverwhatelseyoucandotoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletravelinghereandbeyond,at

/lb2rzt.

1.Peoplewithphysicaldisabilitiescanfinddetailedinformationonparkfacilitiesdesigned

forthembyvisiting.

A./lrtxl2B./y5uu6f

C./136ojlD./lb2rzt

2.Whatistheadmissionfeeifyouandyourparentsplantogoonasix-dayvacationto

GrandCanyonNationalParkbydrivingacar?

A.$95.B.$60.C.$35.D.$70.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Visitorshaveyear-roundaccesstoeverycornerofthenationalpark.

B.HikerswhocanonlyspeakChinesecannotexploretheNorthRimwithoutaguide.

C.VisitorsareforbiddentoleaveanytrashintheNationalParktomaintainsustainability.

D.TheGrandCanyonfeaturesisoneoftheworld'smostvisuallybreathtakinglandscapes.

IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.She

hadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.Shedidnot

partywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlike

everyoneelse.

WhenIaskedherwhatcompelledherwithsuchsuper-humanambitionandsacrifice（牺

牲）.Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Ifslovethatgetsmeoverthe

hurdlesandsacrifices.”

Areasonorapurposeisacombinationof“wants"and"don'twants”.Whenpeopleask

mewhatmyreasonforwantingtoberichis,itisacombinationofdeepemotional"wants”

and"don'twants".

Iwilllistafew.Firstthe"don'twants",fortheycreatethe“wants”.Idon'twanttowork

allmylife.Idon'twantwhatmyparentsaspiredfor,whichwasjobsecurityandabighouse.

Idon'tlikebeinganemployee.Ihateditthatmydadalwaysmissedmyfootballgames

becausehewassobusyworkingonhiscareer.Ihateditwhenmydadworkedhardallhislife

andthegovernmenttookmostofwhatheworkedforathisdeath.

Nowthe“wants”.IwanttobefreetotraveltheworldandliveinthelifestyleIlove.I

wanttobeyoungwhenIdothis.Iwantcontrolovermytimeandmylife.Iwantmoneyto

workforme.

Thosearemydeep-seated,emotionalreasons.Whatareyours?Iftheyarenotstrong

enough,therealityoftheroadaheadmaybegreaterthanyourreasons.Ihavelostmoneyand

beensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupand

goingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47withmany

learningexperiencesalongtheway.

IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrong

reasonorpurposeanythinginlifeishard.

4.Thepassageisstartedby.

A.givinganexampleB.explainingthecauses

C.pointingoutsimilaritiesD.describingthedifferences

5.Theunderlinedword“compelled“inPara.2probablymeans.

A.committedB.inspiredC.forcedD.combined

6.Weknowfromthepassagethat.

A.the“wants“leadtothe"don'twants”

B.the"wants“comefromthe"don'twants"

C.the"don'twants“havelittletodowiththe“wants”

D.the"don'twants”aremoreimportantthanthe"wants”

7.WhatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.6?

A.Therealityisgreaterthanthedeepemotionalreasons.

B.Withstrongeremotionalreasons,lifemustbemucheasier.

C.Withdeeperemotionalreasons,theroadaheadislikelytobeharder.

D.Inreality,wemaymeetmanymoreobstacleswithoutdeeperemotionalreasons.

Poetryisoneoftheimportantartformsofliterature,andisaneasywaytoexpressyour

feelings.Moreover,everyoneunderstandsitintheirownway.Somefindreliefinpoems;

somereadthemsimplyforpeace;somereadpoemsforsimpleartisticpleasure.

Therearesomespecialfeaturesofpoetry,whichmakeitquitedifferentfromotherforms

ofliterature.Firstofall,poemshaverhythmicpatterns.Generally,mostpartsofapoem

followthesameformofrhythm.Poemsmayhaverhyme,buttheydon'thaveto.Thelines

areneatlyarrangedtogethersothattheyexpressaparticularfeelingoremotion.

Therecanbevarioustypesofpoemsbutaccordingtothepatternortheform,thereare

mainlythreetypes:

Lyrics:Thelyricmainlyconcentratesonhumanthoughtsandemotionsratherthana

story.Lyricsalwaysbearsong-likeappeal.Thesearemainlyshortpoems.Popularlyricpoem

formsaretheelegy,theodeandthesonnet.WilliamShakespeare,EdmundWallerandJohn

Keatsaresomeofthegreatestlyricwritersofalltimes.

Narrativepoems:Thistypeofpoetrytellsastory.Narrativepoemsareusuallylong

poems.Epicsandballadsfallunderthistype.SomeofthegreatestepicpoetsareJohnMilton,

Dante,EdgarAllanPoe,AlexanderPope,WilliamShakespeare,etc.

Dramaticpoems:Anydramathatiswritteninverseisadramaticpoem.Thesepoems

generallytellastory.Blackverse,dramaticmonologuesandclosetdramabelongtothistype.

WilliamShakespeare,ChristopherMarloweandBenJonsonaresomeofthegreatdramatic

poets.

Whatevertheformis,onething,which,cannotbedenied,isthatpoetryisoneofthe

mostpowerfultoolstoexpressourfeelings.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutlyrics?

©Theyaresimilartosongs

②Theyusuallytellstories.

③Theyarenotverylong.

④Thesonnetisatypeoflyric.

A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④

9.Whichofthefollowingbelongstonarrativepoetry?

A.Theelegy.B.Thedramaticmonologue.

C.Theepic.D.Theode.

10.Wecanknowfromthetextthat.

A.poemsareweakinshowingfeelings

B.narrativepoemsareshorterthanlyricpoems

C.somepoetswritemorethanonetypeofpoem

D.thesonnetandtheballadbelongtothesametype

11.Thispassageiswrittenmainlyto.

A.tellussomesimplefactsaboutpoetryB.teachushowtowritepoems

C.givesomeadviceonreadingpoemsD.makeusinterestedinpoems

Noonelikesinterruption.Weareborntoseekbalanceandorder.Nomatterwhatitis

thatyouaredoing,beinginterruptedinvolvesaforcefulstopmidwayandthenhavingtore­

enteryourpreviousstate,sometimeswithgreatdifficulty.

Popularbeliefhasitthatinterruptionbreakstheflowofyourthinkingandaffects

productivitynegatively,andsoitisadvisablethatyouhaveanuninterruptedsessionof

intensiveworkbeforeyournextbreak.

However,aRussianpsychologist,BlumaZeigarnik,mighttellyouotherwise.

Theconnectionbetweeninterruptionandmemorycametoherattentionwhenshewas

dininginarestaurant.Shenoticedhowthewaitresseshadanamazingmemoryofthedetailed

ordersyettobepaidfor,butscarcememoryoftheordersthatwerealreadycompleted.

Backinherlaboratory,sheconductedstudiesinwhichsubjectswererequiredto

completevariouspuzzles.Someofthesubjectswereinterruptedduringthetasks.Allthe

subjectswerethenaskedtodescribewhattaskstheyhaddone.Itturnsoutthatadults

rememberedtheinterruptedtasks90%betterthanthecompletedtasks,andthatchildrenwere

evenmorelikelytorecalltheuncompletedtasks.Inotherwords,uncompletedtaskswillstay

onyourminduntilyoufinishthem!

Incomparisontotasksthatwerealreadyfinishedandonesthatwehaven'tevenstarted,

half-doneprojectsaregiventhepriorityinthementalto-dolistourbrainssketchoutforus.

Zeigamikdescribedthisfindinginherdoctoralthesis（论文）inthelate1920s,whichwas

latercalledZeigarnikeffect.

Onepossibleexplanationisthatwithinterruptedtasks,wearedesperatefortheirclosure

toreclaimasenseofbalance.Finishingthemalsomeansthatwecanfinallyclearupthe

mentalbacklog（积压的工作）andgivethespacetomoreupcomingtasks.

Zeigarnik^effectcanbefoundeverywhere,especiallyusedinmediaandadvertising.

Haveyoueverwonderedwhycliffhangersworksowellorwhyyoujustcan'tgetyourselfto

stopwatchingthatseriesonNetflix?

ErnestHemingwayoncesaidaboutwritinganovel,"Itisthewaituntilthenextdaythat

ishardtogetthrough.Sonexttime,whenyouareinterrupted,appreciateitandtake

advantageofittopromoteyourproductivity.

12.Whatisacommonpracticetofinishatask?

A.Workinginafocusedperiod.B.Workingwithoccasionalbreaks.

C.Workingwithastopmidway.D.Workinginaninterruptedsession.

13.WhatisthefindingoftheZeigamik'sexperiment?

A.Interruptionrecallsdetails.B.Interruptionbettersmemory.

C.Interruptiondisturbsbalance.D.Interruptionreducesproductivity.

14.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheapplicationofZeigamik'seffect?

A.Fashionshows.B.Onlinenews.

C.Talkshows.D.TVseries.

15.WhatisthepossiblereasonbehindZeigarnik'seffect?

A.Thedesireforbalance.B.Thephysicalbacklog.

C.Theoutsidepressure.D.Theupcomingtasks.

二、七选五

16.TrafficRegulationandAccidentPrevention

Weliveinaremarkabletime,andmanyoftheoncefataldiseasescannowbecuredwith

modemmedicineandsurgery.①Expectationsoflifehavegreatlyincreased.But

thoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywe

witnesstheincrediblekillingofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manfightsagainst

themotor-car.Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.②

Nothingcanseriouslyincreaseyourriskofpotentiallyfatalcaraccidentsotherthan

speedingandfailingtopaydueattentiontoweatherconditions.(3)Thereisno

doubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman'sveryworstqualities.Usuallyquietand

pleasantpeople,whentheyarebehindthesteeringwheel,willbecomeunrecognizable.They

areimpolite,aggressive,self-willedliketwo-year-old,completelyselfish.Alltheirhidden

frustrations,disappointments,andjealousyseemtobecausedbydriving.

④It'sallforhisownconvenience.Duetoaserioustragedy,thecityis

almostuninhabitableandthehugeparkinglotmakesthetownugly.Thedestructionofrural

areasandtheannualmasskillingsarejustastatistic,easilyforgotten.Withregardtodriving,

thelawsofsomecountriesarenotstrictandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.

Trafficrulesareforeveryonetofollowunderanycircumstances,andnoonecanmake

anexceptionunlessyoumakeajokeofyourownlife.Universallyacceptedstandardscan

onlyhaveasignificantbeneficialontheincidenceofaccidents.Governmentsshoulddevelop

safetycodesformanufacturers.⑤Thesemeasuresmaysoundcruel.However,if

thesemeasuresresultinareductioninthelossoflifeeveryyear,theyshouldcertainlynotbe

consideredserious.Afterall,theworldbelongstohumans,notcars.

A.Therearefivereasonsfortheaccidentandyouareguilty.

B.Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearehorriblykilled,andwesitstillandletithappen.

C.Surprisingly,societyshouldsmileatthedriverandforgivehim.

D.Someonehasrightlysaidthatwhenapersonissittingbehindthesteeringwheel,hiscar

becomesanextensionofhispersonality.

E.Alladvertisementsthatemphasizepowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.

F.Itistimetodevelopauniversalnormtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.

G.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayacurewillbefoundfortherestofthediseases.

三、完形填空（15空）

ActorAnthonyAndersonhasrealizedadream30yearsinthemaking.The51-year-old

1_aBachelorofFineArtsdegreefromHowardUniversitylastweek.“Itwasalladream!

Wordsfailto2thefeelingI'mhavingrightnow,“Andersonwroteonasocialmedia

platform."Myproudestmomentisasenseof3-finishingwhatIstartedmanyyears

ago.”

AndersonfinishedhisjunioryearatHoward30yearsago.4somefinancial

difficulties,hehadtoaskfora5fromschool.Heworkedhardtomakea6Laterhe

startedafamilyandhiscareer7.Heplayedthestarringrolesinmanyfilmsandbecamea

8.Thefollowingyearshewasoccupiedinhisworkanddidn'treturntoschool.Itwas

somethinghealwaysfelt9about-untilhisson,Nathan,gained10toHowardfour

yearsago.Thatinspiredhislongingforuniversitystudy,sohewas11togobackand

finishhisdegree.

“ThisspringIwas12abletofinishtheworktograduatefromHowardUniversity/9

Andersonsaid.Hemarkeditasa13bycallingit“afull-circlemoment^^and14his

fans,66Ifsnevertoolate.Thingshappenwhenthey9resupposedtohappen!"Anderson,nowa

fatheroftwo,plansto15hiseducationandgotograduateschoolforamaster'sdegree.

17.A.receivedB.tookC.deservedD.held

18.A.causeB.giveC.describeD.hide

19.A.purposeB.identityC.completionD.belonging

20.A.IntermsofB.WithregardtoC.BycomparisonwithD.Onaccountof

21.A.rewardB.favorC.jobD.break

22.A.fortuneB.livingC.promotionD.reputation

23.A.tookoffB.startedoverC.sloweddownD.pulledup

24.A.hitB.leaderC.singerD.director

25.A.confusedB.upsetC.anxiousD.regretful

26.A.assistanceB.admissionC.invitationD.permission

27.A.willingB.cautiousC.determinedD.satisfied

28.A.eventuallyB.graduallyC.obviouslyD.temporarily

29.A.bonusB.milestoneC.dreamlandD.wonder

30.A.warnedB.taughtC.commandedD.reminded

31.A.recordB.acquireC.furtherD.finish

四、短文填空

32.MorleySaferhasworkedintelevisionnewsfor61years.He'sspent46ofthose

yearsonhisbroadcast,longerthananyoneelse.Asa①(travel),heholdssome

sortofrecord,②(take)planes,trains,boats,evenbicyclestotheendsofthe

Earth.

Whenhewas24,adooropenedthatwouldchangehislife.Hewashired®a

televisionnewswriterattheCBC,Canada'spremierbroadcastingnetwork.Andsoonenough,

hewas④foreigncorrespondent(记者)，thejobhe'ddreamedof.Hispassport

filledupquickly.Inlate1963,MorleycaughttheeyeoftheAmericannetworkleaders,⑤

hiredhimtojointhegreatCBSbureauinLondon.FromhisbaseinLondon,he

coveredshootingwarsinAlgeriaandCyprus.

Bythetimehewas35,he⑥(cover)newsinEurope,theMiddleEastand

SoutheastAsia.Ifsfair©(say)thatnobodyalivetodayhasseenasmuchand

reportedonitas®(brilliant)asMorley.Simplybyexample,he'smadetherestof

usbetterjournalists.Hiswriting(9)(consider)thebestinthebusiness.His

toughnessandkindnessandsenseofhumorarelegendary.

Inabusinessthafsfast-movingandsometimescompetitive,hesurvivedandprospered,

eitheroutworking®outlivingeveryoneelse,tryingtogettothebottomofthings.

五、书面表达

33.假定你是李华，请给你的外国朋友Jerry发一封邮件，介绍你校上周举办的拔河比

赛(tug-of-war)。内容包括：1.比赛目的及过程；2.你的感受。

注意：1.词数80左右；2.在相应位置作答。

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

JohnandNancywereleftwiththeirgrandmotherLindaaftertheirmomwashospitalized

forillness.Theywerecuriousaboutwhentheycouldfinallyseetheirmom.

“Thehospitalwon'tallowhertoleaveuntilallofhermedicalbillsaresettled.Ihave

givenyourmomallIcould,butthere9sstillalargeamountthatweneedtopay0工"Linda

explained.JohnandNancymissedtheirmomalotandwantedhertocomebackhomeas

soonaspossible.

“Whatifweputupalemonadestand（摊位）,John?”Nancyaskedherolderbrother.

“Wecanpickthelemonsfromthegardenandmakefreshjuiceoutofthem,“she

suggested.Herbrothersmiled,"That'sagreatidea,Nancy!”Fromthenon,JohnandNancy

stayedoutsidetheentireafternoonafterschoolsellinglemonade.Aweekwentby,theyonly

managedtoearntendollars.

OnSaturdaymorning,theysatonthesideoftheyard,lookingworried.Afteracoupleof

seconds,theirsilentpondering（沉思）wasinterruptedbyloudpolicesirens.“Hey,fellas!,9

oneofthepolicemengreeted."MycolleagueJacobsaidthathisneighborhadalemonade

standinfrontoftheiryard."Thetwochildrennodded."I'msorry,officer.ButIdidn'tthink

therewouldbeanythingwrongwiththat.Besides,wedidn'tearnalot,“Johntriedtoexplain.

“Don'tworry.You9renotintrouble.Iboughtacupofitfromyoutwotheotherday,

remember?Iaskedwhyyouweresellinglemonade,andyoutoldmeitwastoraisefundsto

getyourmomoutofthehospital/9JacobinterrupteduponseeingJohnandNancylooked

nervous.

“Itoldmyfriendsoverhere,andwedecidedwewantedtohelp.Cometothebackofthe

policecar,andwehavesomethingtoshowyouJJacobtoldthekids.Theyslowlymadetheir

waytothebackofoneofthepolicecarsandsawanicely-paintedwoodenlemonadestand.

"That'sbeautiful!99Nancysaidinsurprise.

注意：

L续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

“There'sabigfoodfestivaldowntowntoday,andwegotyouastand.9,Jacobsaid.“Why

notgothereandgiveitashot?”

Therewasalargecrowdeagertobuylemonade.

参考答案

1.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据文章“Accessibility”部分中的"Theterrain（地形）isruggedwith

narrow,rockytrailsandsteepcliffs.Visitorsusingwheelchairsorhavingvisualdisabilities

mayneedassistance.FormoreinformationaboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNational

Park,see/lrtxl2.（地形崎岖，有狭窄的岩石小径和陡峭的悬崖。使用轮椅或

有视力障碍的访客可能需要帮助。欲了解大峡谷国家公园的更多信息，请访问

/lrtxl2o）”可知，残障人士可以访问/lrtxl2了解为他们设计的公园

设施的详细信息。故选A。

2.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据文章“ParkEntranceFees”部分中的"Admissiontotheparkus

$35perprivatevehicle;$30permotorcycle;and$20perpersonenteringtheparkthrough

GrandCanyonRailway,parkshuttlebus,walking,orridingabicycle.Thepasscanbeused

forsevendaysandincludesbothrims.（每辆私家车入园门票35美元；每辆摩托车30

元；通过大峡谷铁路、公园班车、步行或骑自行车进入公园每人20美元。该通行证可

使用7天，包括两个轮辆。厂可知，每辆私家车入园门票35美元，且通行证可使用7

天。由此可知，如果你和你的父母计划开车去大峡谷国家公园度假6天，那么费用应

为35美元。故选C。

3.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“LocatedinnorthernArizona,theparkcovers277

milesoftheColoradoRiverandneai'byuplands.Oneofthemostawesomeexamplesof

erosion（侵蚀）intheworld,GrandCanyonisunmatchedintheincomparableviewitoffers

tovisitors.（该公园位于亚利桑那州北部，覆盖了277英里的科罗拉多河和附近的高

地。大峡谷是世界上最令人敬畏的侵蚀范例之一，它为游客提供了无与伦比的景

色。）”可知，大峡谷的风景是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一。故选D。

4.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Ioncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsof

swimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor

3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.Shehad

tostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.（我曾经遇到过一位年轻女子，她

梦想成为美国奥运代表队的一员。她每天早上4点起床，游泳3个小时后才去上学。

星期六晚上她没有和朋友聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样）”可知，

文章以一个年轻女子的故事开头，所以是举例子开头。故选A项。

5.答案：C

解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleI

love.Ifslovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices."（她只是说，"我这么做是为了我

自己和我爱的人。是爱让我克服障碍和牺牲。”广可知，此处是年轻女子在解释是什么

让她一直坚持，所以前面是作者在问她是什么促使她有如此超人的野心和牺牲，所以

compelled此处是“促使,之意，与forced意思相近。故选C项。

6.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Firstthe"don'twants”,fortheycreatethe"wants”.（首

先是“不想要”，因为它们创造了“想要"）”可知，“想要”来自“不想要”。故选B项。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中“Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butit

wasthedeepemotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobe

freebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47withmanylearningexperiencesalongthe

way.（我已经失去了钱，多次被挫败，但正是深层次的情感原因让我站起来继续前进。

我想在40岁时自由，但我直到47岁才实现，一路上有很多学习经历）”以及第七段“I

wishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreason

orpurposeanythinginlifeishard.（我希望我能说这很容易。不是，但也不难。但如果没

有一个强有力的理由或目标，生活中的任何事情都是困难的）”可知，后文是对划线句

子的解释，所以从划线的句子中了解到，在现实中，没有更深层次的情感原因，我们

可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D项。

8.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lyrics:Thelyricmainlyconcentratesonhuman

thoughtsandemotionsratherthanastory.Lyricsalwaysbearsong-likeappeal.Theseare

mainlyshortpoems.Popularlyricpoemformsaretheelegy,theodeandthesonnet.William

Shakespeare,EdmundWallerandJohnKeatsaresomeofthegreatestlyricwritersofall

times.（抒情诗：抒情主要集中在人的思想和情感，而不是一个故事。抒情诗总是具有

歌曲般的感染力。这些主要是短诗。流行的抒情诗形式是挽歌、颂歌和十四行诗。威

廉•莎士比亚、埃德蒙•沃勒和约翰•济慈都是有史以来最伟大的抒情作家）”可知，抒情诗

的特点：表达人的思想和情感；具有歌曲特点；诗词较短；挽歌、颂歌、十四行诗都

属于抒情诗。故选D。

9.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Epicsandballadsfallunderthistype.（史诗和民谣

属于这一类）”可知，Epics和ballads属于叙事诗。故选C。

10.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。第五段叙事诗中“SomeofthegreatestepicpoetsareJohnMilton,

Dante,EdgarAllanPoe,AlexanderPope,WilliamShakespeare,etc.（一些最伟大的史诗诗

人是约翰・弥尔顿、但丁、埃德加・爱伦・坡、亚历山大・波普、威廉・莎士比亚等）”提及了

莎士比亚，第六段戏剧诗中“WilliamShakespeare,ChristopherMarloweandBenJonson

aresomeofthegreatdramaticpoets.（威廉・莎土比亚、克里斯托弗•马洛和本•琼森都是伟

大的戏剧诗人）”也提及了他，说明有的诗人不只写一种类型的诗，如莎士比亚。故选

Co

11.答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，总分总结构。主要向我们介绍了诗的特点、

分类等一些基本知识，所以A选项“tellussomesimplefactsaboutpoetry（告诉我们一些

关于诗歌的简单事实）”符合题意。故选A。

12.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Popularbeliefhasitthatinterruptionbreakstheflowof

yourthinkingandaffectsproductivitynegatively,andsoitisadvisablethatyouhavean

uninterruptedsessionofintensiveworkbeforeyournextbreak.（人们普遍认为，打断会打

断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰

的高强度工作）”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选

Ao

13.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"Itturnsoutthatadultsrememberedtheinterrupted

tasks90%betterthanthecompletedtasks,andthatchildrenwereevenmorelikelytorecall

theuncompletedtasks.Inotherwords,uncompletedtaskswillstayonyourminduntilyou

finishthem!（结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%,而孩子

们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海

里，直到你完成它们！）”可知，Zeigamik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。

14.答案:D

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“Incomparisontotasksthatwerealreadyfinished

andonesthatwehaven'tevenstarted,half-doneprojectsaregiventhepriorityinthemental

to-dolistourbrainssketchoutforus.（与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成

了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先级）”可知，

Zeigamik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等

级。由此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigamik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧

集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。

15.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Onepossibleexplanationisthatwithinterrupted

tasks,wearedesperatefortheirclosuretoreclaimasenseofbalance.Finishingthemalso

meansthatwecanfinallyclearupthementalbacklog（积压的工作）andgivethespaceto

moreupcomingtasks.（一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫切希望结束它

们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多

即将到来的任务腾出空间）”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选

Ao

16.答案：①-⑤GBDCE

解析：①上文"Weliveinaremarkabletime,andmanyoftheoncefataldiseasescannowbe

curedwithmodernmedicineandsurgery.（我们生活在一个非凡的时代，许多曾经致命的

疾病现在可以用现代医学和外科手术治愈。）“，G项"Itisalmostcertainthatonedaya

curewillbefoundfortherestofthediseases.（几乎可以肯定的是，总有一天会找到治疗

其他疾病的方法。）”，上文提到了manyoftheoncefataldiseases,许多曾经致命的疾病

现在可以治愈，G项提及therestofthediseases,其他的一些疾病在未来肯定也可以治

愈，故上文与G项语意衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。

②上文“everydaywewitnesstheincrediblekillingofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.

Manfightsagainstthemotor-car.Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.（每一天，

我们都目睹了令人难以置信的男人、女人和儿童在道路上被杀害。人类与汽车搏斗。

这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗。）"，B项"Everyyearthousandsofpeopleare

horriblykilled,andwesitstillandletithappen.（每年都有成千上万的人惨死，而我们却

坐视不管。）”，上文认为人类处于天天要面对交通问题，且天天有人死于交通事故的

状态，B项解释了其中原因，因为即使人们每天面对因交通问题导致的死亡，却没有

任何行动，为因果关系。故选B项。

③D项“Someonehasrightlysaidthatwhenapersonissittingbehindthesteeringwheel,his

carbecomesanextensionofhispersonality.（有人说得