高考英语二轮复习名词语法突破训练含解析

名词变化规则例词可数名词复数的规则变化1一般情况下在词尾加sapple→applestoy→toysexperience→experiences以s.x.ch,sh结尾的名词，在词尾加esglass→glassesbox→boxesdish→disheswatch→watchesbrush→brushes以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加esfamily→familiesenemy→enemiesholiday-holidaysactivity→activities4.以y结尾的专有名词或元音+y结尾的名词，直接加stwoMarystheHenrysmonkey-monkeysholiday→holidays4.以f或fe结尾、大都变f或fe为v再加esthief→thieveswife→wivesleaf→leavesself→selvesknife→kniveswolf→wolveshandkerchief→handkerchief或者handkerchieves5.有些以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，加sbelief→beliefsroof→roofsproof→proofschief→chiefschef→chefsgulf→gulfssafe→safes以字母o结尾的名词，有生命的在词尾加esNegro→Negroeshero→heroespotato→potatoestomato→tomatoesvolcano→volcanos/volcanoes以字母o结尾的名词，没有生命的名词在词尾加esRadioszoostobaccosphotospianosbamboosvideosstudioszeros可数名词复数的不规则变化8.单、复数相同sheepdeermeansseriesspeciesfish(fishes各种各样鱼)9.表示某国人的复数形式：中日不变英法变其它s加后面Chinese→ChineseJapanese→JapaneseEnglishman→EnglishmenFrenchman→FrenchmanGerman→Germans9.名词复数的不规则变化foot→feettooth→teethgoose→geesemouse→miceox→oxenchild→childrenman→menwoman→womenmedium→mediaphenomena→phenomenon10.只有复数形式clothestrousersglassesgoodsshortsscissorsscales11.习惯上多用复数式:congratulationsbelongingswishesregardsthanks13.形式上单数,意义上复数peoplepolicecattlepublic14.形式上复数,意义上单数physicspoliticsmathsnews15.单复数同形deer,sheep,fish,series，means,species16.名词单复数的特殊形式作整体概念看待时,当单数用,谓语动词也用单数;强调整体中具体人或物时,当复数用,谓语动词也用复数。这类词有:family、army、audience、class、committee、group、tea，public,cattle等。加s和不加s意义不同如：wood木材woods森林sand沙子sands沙滩look看looks外貌iron铁irons镣铐good好的goods货物manner方式manners礼貌green绿色的greens蔬菜还有：work工作works著作，工厂coffee咖啡coffees几杯咖啡people人民peoples民族fruit水果总称fruits(各种水果)paper纸papers文件、试卷、论文time时间times时代，次数，倍数金先生theKings金家一家人合成词复数16.只变中心词shoeshop→shoeshopstoothbrush→toothbrushesediror→editors-in-cheifpasser-by→passers-byson-in-law→sons-in-law17.无中心词时，将s加在最后go-between→go-betweensgrown-up→grown-ups18.由manwoman构成的合成词，前后都变成复数形式mandoctor→mendoctorswomanprofessor→womenprofessors不可数名词物质名词chalk,bread,furniture,rubbish,food,cheese抽象名词advice,equipment,air,progress,information,education,fun,health,news抽象名词具体化asuccess一个成功的人或事;asurprise一件令人惊奇的事物质名词具体化，acoffee一杯咖啡;two______(drink)两杯饮料;名词所有格单数名词词尾加's;复数名词词尾有s的只加’,复数名词词尾无s的加's;theboy’smother这个男孩儿的妈妈Teachers'Day教师节Children’sDay儿童节and连接的并列名词，表示各自所有关系，要分别在并列名词后加's，TomandJerry’sroomIknow表示共同所有关系，只在最后一个名词后加's。Tom’sandJerry’swives不定代词后接else,所有格's加在else上somebodyelse’sbagof所有格：无生命的事物的名词，常用of所有格表示所有关系thebesttitleofthepassage文章最好的标题thepurposeofthispassage文章的目的一些有生命的名词，如果名词较长或有较多的定语时，须使用of所有格thestoryofthebraveryofWilliamTellandhisson双重所有格"名词十of+名词所有格”或"名词+of+名词性物主代词”anovelofLuxu’s鲁迅的一本小说afriendofmine我的一个朋友名词+’s=店铺/医院/诊所/住宅等的全称atthedoctor’s=atthehospitalgotoLily’s=gotoLily’shome高考真题再现(名词)

1.In

recent

years

some

Inuit

people

in

Nunavut

have

reported

increases

in

bear

sightingsaround

human

settlements,

leading

to

a

____

(

believe)

that

populations

are

increasing.

2.They

also

shared

with

us

many

____

(

tradition)

stories

about

Hawaii

that

were

hugely

popular

with

tourists.

3.Two

of

the

authors

of

the

review

also

made

a

study

published

in

2014

that

showed

a

mere

5

to

10

minutes

a

day

of

running

reduced

the

risk

of

heart

disease

and

early

deaths

from

all

____(cause).4.（单句改错）All

the

football

player

on

the

playground

cheered

loudly,sayingthatI

had

atalent

for

football.II.单句语法填空(名词)

1.

China

has

got

a

good

reputation

for

fightingagainstthe

fluwith

its

careful

andsmooth_______(organize).

2.

Dogs

have

a

very

good

sense

of

smell

and

are

often

used

to

search

for____(survive)

in

an

earthquake.

3.

After

the

earthquake,

the

first

thing

the

local

government

did

was

to

provide

accommodation

for

the

homeless_____

(family).

4.

The

doctor

is

skilled

at

treating

heart

trouble

and

never

accepts

any

gift

from

his_____(patient),

so

he

has

a

very

good

reputation.

5.

Was

it

because

of

his

____

(lazy)

that

he

didn't

do

the

experiment

successfully?

6.

The

government

is

very

cautious

about

settinga

new

policy

and

making

_____(decide).

7.

The

____(

girl)

shoes

were

covered

with

mud,

so

I

asked

them

to

take

them

off

before

they

got

into

Tom's

car.

8.

All

the

_____(woman)

teachers

can

have

a

rest

on

March

8th,

because

it

is

their

ownholiday.

9.

The

village

is

far

away

from

here

indeed,

it's

a

four

____(hour)

walk.

10.

Those

who

suffer

from

headache

will

findtheyget

____

(relieve)

from

this

medicine.III.单句改错(名词)

1.

The

practice

of

hanging

clothes

across

the

street

is

a

common

sight

in

many

part

of

the

city.

2.

Despite

such

a

big

different

in

attitude

towards

what

one

eats,

there

is

no

doubt

that

people

in

the

west

regard

the

Chinese

food

as

somethingspecial.

3.

Health

problems

are

closely

connected

with

bad

eating

habits

and

a

lack

of

exercises.

4.

There

was

a

volleyball

match

yesterday

between

the

man

teachers

and

the

boy

students.

5.

In

China

masses

of

graduate

go

abroad

to

have

further

study

every

year.

6.

It

makes

you

search

for

more

informations

about

your

favourite

singer

on

the

Internet.

7.

My

grandpa

is

the

best

cooker

in

China

and

he

can

make

the

most

delicious

dishes.

8.

Professor

White

gave

me

one

of

the

best

piece

of

advice

I've

ever

heard.

9.

Mr

Green

is

a

neighbour

of

my

sister.10.There’sapaper’sfactorynearourschool.IV.语篇语法填空（名词）

If

your

life

lacks

the

（1)____

(powerful)

that

you

want

and

the

(2)____

(

motivate)that

you

need,sometimesall

you

have

to

do

is

toshift

your

point

of

view.

By

trainingyour

(3)____(think)

to

concentrate

onthe

bright

side

of

things,

youare

more

likely

to

have

the

reasonsto

follow

yourgoals.You

are

less

likely

to

beheld

back

by

negative

(4)_

(idea)

that

might

limit

your

performance.Your

life

can

be

enhanced

(提升）andyour(5)_____(happy)enriched,whenyouchoosetochangeyourviewpoints.Don’tleave4yourfuturetochance,orwaitforthingstoget

better

mysteriouslyon

their

own,

You

must

go

in

the

(6)____

(direct)

of

your

hopes.

Begin

to

build

your

confidence,

and

find

7)_____

(solve)