上海市2021-2022学年高二年级下册期末英语试题 含解析

上海市延安中学2021学年高二年级第二学期6月质量调研

英语试卷

（考试时间：90分钟满分：100分）

第I卷

I・ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionabout

it,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswerto

thequestionyouhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hedoesnotwanttolistentotheradio.

B.Hehaschangedhisopinionaboutturningontheradio.

C.Theradiowillnotbotherhim.

D.Theradioisnotworkingverywell.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:DoyoumindifIturnontheradioforawhile?

M:No,Idon'tmind.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Shedoesnotlikecakes.B.Sheisgoingtodive.

C.Sheisafraidtodiet.D.Shewantstoloseweight.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Wouldyouliketohaveapieceofcake?

W:No,thanks.Tmonadiet.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inarestaurant.D.Inahotel.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Whafstheduedateforthisbook?

W:Tomorrow.

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hisfriendwaslatefordinner.B.Hewasn'tabletoeatdinner.

C.Hisfrienddidn'tcometohishouse.D.Hecouldn'tgotohisfriend^housefordinner.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:Tmreallyupset.Marvinwassupposedtocomeoverfordinnerlastnight,andhedidn't.

W:Thatdoesn'tsoundlikeMarvin.You'dthinkhewouldatleasthavecalled.

Q:Whyisthemanupset?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Inacoupleofdays.B.Earlythenextmorning.

C.Lateintheevening.D.Thatafternoon.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Whenwillmycarbeready?

M:Well,ifsnoonbymywatch.IthinkIcanhaveitfixedinacoupleofhours.

Q:Whencanthewomangethercar?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Shewilldecidelater.B.Shedoesn'tcareforeither.

C.Shewantsthemantodecide.D.Shedoesn'twanttogoout.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayabouthergrandfather?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Classmates.B.Coachandathlete.

C.Bossandsecretary.D.Studentandteacher.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:HowcanImakeuptheclassImissed?Ihadanaccidentinlastweek'sfootballgame.

W:Well,wejustfinishedUnit10,soI'dlikeyoutoreviewthatunitandanswerthequestionsonpage35.

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearseveralshortpassagesandlongerconversations,and

youwillbeaskedsomequestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversations.Thepassages

andtheconversationswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.When

youhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichone

wouldbethebestanswertothequestionyou'veheard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.A.WhiteHat.B.BlueHat.C.RedHat.D.YellowHat.

12.

A.Itmeanssixdifferentgroupsofpeople.B.Itmeanssixdifferentthinkingmodes.

C.Itmeanssixproblem-solvingmethods.D.Itmeanssixhatspeopleuseforthinking.

13.

A.GreenHatisbetterthanBlackHat.

B.EveryoneshouldputonBlackHatinmeetings.

C.PeopleareencouragedtouseallthesesixThinkingHats.

D.Disagreementscanbecausedbydifferentthinkingmodes.

【答案】11.A12.B13.D

【解析】

【原文】Doyouknowwhywesometimesargueanddon'tagreewitheachotherinmeetings?

Aresearcherofthinkingsuggeststhatitmaybebecausewethinkindifferentthinkingmodes.Heonce

proposedamethodforsolvingproblemsinmeetings.HecalledhismethodtheSixThinkingHatsMethod.Itis

designedtoencouragepeopletothinkinonethinkingmodeatatime.

Heidentifiessixthinkingmodes.Tobeginwith,hesuggeststhatpeopleputonadifferenthateachtimethey

enteradifferentthinkingmode.Hissixthinkinghatsare:

WhiteHat-usedforpresentingfacts,figuresandinformation.

RedHat-usedfortalkingaboutemotions,feelingsandintuition.

BlackHat-usedwhenmakinganegativejudgment,givingreasonsforaplannotworking.

YellowHat-usedforgivingpositive,constructiveideas.

GreenHat-usedformakingcreative,imaginative,excitingsuggestions.

BlueHat-usedforcontrollingtheprocess,thinkingaboutthinking.

Thisresearcherbelievesthatifeveryoneusesonethinkingmodeatthesametime,forexample,ifeveryone

putsonBlackHatatthesametimeinameeting,thereislessargumentandproblemsaresolvedmorerapidly.

Questions:

1Whichhatisusedforpresentinginformation?

2.WhatdoestheSixThinkingHatsMethodmean?

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Hewantstoattractmorepassengers.B.Hewantstomakehissupervisorshappy.

C.Hesingssothatthewholebuscanhear.D.Hecangetinterestedaudienceeveryday.

15.

A.SingingonChicagoTV.B.Beingaprofessionalsinger.

C.Makingpeoplehappybysinging.D.Beingahappybusdriver.

16.

A.Heloveshisjob.B.Hisco-workersdon?tlikehim.

C.Hisbusisalwaystoocrowded.D.Hemustearnalotofmoney.

【答案】14.D15.C16.A

【解析】

【原文1IonceheardastoryaboutabusdriverinChicago.

Hesingswhilehedrives.Thafsright...sings!AndIdon'tmeanhesingssoftlytohimselfeither.Hesings

sothatthewholebuscanhear!Alldaylonghedrivesandsings.

HewasonceinterviewedonChicagotelevision.Hesaidthatheisnotactuallyabusdriver"I'ma

professionalsinger,heasserted.t4Ionlydrivethebustogetacaptiveaudienceeverysingleday.”

His“happiness“isnotdrivingabus,thoughthatmaybeasourceofenjoymentforsomepeople.His

happinessissinging.AndthesupervisorsoftheChicagoTransportationCompanyareperfectlyhappyaboutthe

wholearrangement.Yousee,peoplelineuptoridehisbus.Theyevenletotherbusespassbysotheycanridewith

the“singingbusdriver”.Theyloveit!

Hereisamanwhobelievesheknowswhyhewasputhereonearth.Forhim,itistomakepeoplehappy.And

themorehesings,themorepeoplehemakeshappy!Hehasfoundawaytocombinehispurposeinlivingwithhis

occupation.Byfollowinghishappiness,heisactuallylivingthekindoflifehebelievesheismeanttolive.

Noteverybodycanidentifyapurposeinlife.Butwhenyoudo,andwhenyoupursueit,youwillbeliving

thekindoflifeyoufeelyouaremeanttolive.Andwhafsmore,youwillbehappy.

Questions:

1.Whydoesthedriversingwhilehedrives?

2.Whatishispurposeinlife?

3.Whatcanweinferfromthisbusdriver'sstory?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A.Theyarereadytoleaveforaholiday.B.Theyareabouttogoonapicnic.

C.Theyareplanningtoliveinthecountry.D.Theyarehavingalookaround.

18.

A.Itwascanceledbecauseofbadweather.B.Heenjoyedthesceneryfromthehills.

C.Hedidn'tgotothepicnic.D.Itwaswonderful.

19.

A.Stayinginhisnicedryhouse.B.Walking.

C.Predictingtheweather.D.Fishing.

20.

A.TheyaregoingtodriveGeorge'scar.

B.Georgeisgoingwiththem.

C.TheylikeGeorge'snicebluecar.

D.AtleastGeorgesaidhewouldliketogofishingtoo.

【答案】17.B18.C19.D20.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Linda,areyoureadytogo?Justtherightweatherforapicnic,isn'tit?

W:Yes,we'relucky.

M:rilsayweare!Doyouknow,lasttimeweplannedapicnicitrained.Someofusstarted,andtheygotsoaked.

Iwasoneofthewiseones...hadonelookattheskyandstayedrightwhereIwas...inmynicedryhouse.

W:Who'spickingusup?

M:George...atleasthesaidhewould.Tmgoingtodoabitoffishingmyself.Whatareyougoingtodo?

W:Tmgoingtotakeawalkandhavealookaround.

M:Goodidea.Notabadplacetoenjoythescenery.Therearesomewonderfulviewsfromthehillsaround.But

nowalkingforme.Tilsticktofishing.

W:Well,Ilikewalking.

M:Ihearacaroutside.IguessitmustbeGeorge.

W:Yeah.It'shim.Thafshisnicebluecar.Tdknowitanywhere.

Questions:

1.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodo?

2.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthelastpicnic?

3.Whatdoesthemanlovedoing?

4.WhydotheymentionGeorgeintheconversation?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Globalhealthauthoritiesareinvestigatingunexplainedseverehepatitis(肝炎)casesinchildrenthathave

beenrecordedinmorethanadozencountriesworldwide.

21Britishhealthofficialsfirstsoundedthealarmaboutthemysteriousillness,whichhaslargely

affectedchildrenagedunder10yearsold,inearlyApril,about190casesofsevereliverinflammationofunknown

originhavebeenidentifiedaroundtheworld.

AndreaAmmon,ECDCdirector,saidinvestigationsaboutwhat22(lie)behindtheoutbreakwere

“ongoing”but“theexactcauseofthishepatitisstillremainsunknown”.

Shesaidearlyfindings"pointtowardsalinktoadenovirus(腺病毒)infection^^.Adenovirus-agroupof

virusestypically23(associate)withsymptoms,suchasapersistentcough,conjunctivitisordiarrhoea

一rarelyleadstohepatitisinhealthychildren.

Onepossiblefactor,saidAmmon,wasthatchildrenhaving"littleexposure^^toadenovirusasaresultof

decreasedsocialmixing24Covid-19restrictionswascontributingtomoresevereoutcomes.However,

shecautionedthatintermsofexplaining25thecaseswereemergingnow:"it'sallspeculation^^.

Three-quartersoftheBritishchildren26weretestedforadenovirusafterfallingillwiththe

unexplainedhepatitisreturnedpositiveresults,accordingtodatafromtheUKHealthSecurityAgencypublished

onMonday.TheUK27(record)111casesoftheillnessbyApril21.TheUS,Israeland10other

Europeannationshavealsorecordedcases.

TedrosAdhanomGhebreyesus,theWorldHealthOrganization'sdirector-general,toldanewsconferencethat

17childrenhadrequiredlivertransplantsandonechilddiedaftercontractingtheillness.

Hesaidsymptomsincludedabdominalpain,diarrhoea,vomiting,jaundice,severeacutehepatitis,and

increasedlevelsofliverenzymes.However,thevirusesthatcommonlycausedacuteviralhepatitishadnotbeen

detectedin28ofthecases.

Adenovirushadbeendetectedinatleast74casesandthis,andotherhypotheses,werebeingexplored,

Tedrossaid.

Scientistsarealsoinvestigatingwhetheradenoviruscombinedwithpreviouscoronavirusinfectionor

simultaneousCovid-19infection29bebehindtheincreaseinseverehepatitis.

Buthealthofficialshaveruledoutthepossibilitythattraditionaltypesofhepatitisviruses-AtoE-are

thecauseoftheoutbreak,orthatCovid-19vaccinationisthething30(blame).

【答案】21.Since

22.lay23.associated

24.becauseof##dueto

25.why26.who##that

27.hadrecorded

28.any29.could

30.toblame

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了全球卫生主管部门正在调查全世界十多个国家记录的儿童

不明原因重型肝炎病例。

【21题详解】

考查时间状语从句。句意：自4月初英国卫生官员首次对这一主要影响到10岁以下的儿童的神秘疾病发

出警报以来，全球已发现约190例不明原因的严重肝病病例。结合语意，空处表示“自从”，应用since

引导时间状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Since。

[22题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：ECDC负责人AndreaAmmon表示，关于此次疫情背后的原因的调查”正在进

行”，但“这种肝炎的确切原因仍然未知”。liebehind表示“是……的原因”，根据句中said可知，句

子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填lay。

【23题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：腺病毒一一通常与症状相关的一组病毒，如持续性咳嗽、结膜炎或腹泻，很少

导致健康儿童发生肝炎。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，beassociatedwithsth.表示“与某物有联

系”，作定语修饰名词viruses时，去掉be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语。故填associated。

【24题详解】

考查介词短语。句意：Ammon说，一个可能的因素是，由于新冠病毒的限制，社会交往减少，儿童“很

少接触”腺病毒在导致更严重的后果。结合语意，此处表示由于新冠病毒的限制，空处应用介词短语

becauseof/dueto,表示“由于，因为"。故填becauseof或dueto。

[25题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意：然而，她提醒说，在解释为什么现在出现这些病例时：”这都是猜测"。结合语

意，此处表示解释为什么病例出现，空处应用why引导从句，作动词explaining的宾语。故填why。

【26题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：英国卫生安全局周一公布的数据显示，在患不明原因肝炎后接受腺病毒检测的英

国儿童中，有四分之三的儿童检测结果呈阳性。分析句子结构，空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词

children,先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用who/that引导从句。故填who或that。

[27题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：截至4月21日，英国共记录了111例这种疾病。April21表示“4月21日”，为

过去的时间，根据时间状语byApril21可知，句子应用过去完成时。故填hadrecorded。

【28题详解】

考查代词。句意：然而，在任何病例中均未检测到通常导致急性病毒性肝炎的病毒。结合语意，任何一

个病例中都没有检测到通常导致急性病毒性肝炎的病毒，空处应用代词any,表示“任何一个”。故填

any。

[29题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：科学家们还正在调查腺病毒是否与先前的冠状病毒感染或同时感染新冠病毒可能

是导致重型肝炎增加的原因。结合语意，此处表示可能性不大的推测，空处应用情态动词could,表示

“可能”。故填could。

【30题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：但卫生官员已经排除了传统类型的肝炎病毒（从A型到E型）是疫情爆发的原

因，或者新冠肺炎疫苗接种是罪魁祸首的可能性。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，应用不定式形式

toblame修饰名词thething,作后置定语。故填toblameo

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.signsB.significantC.supervisedD.declineE.involved

F.distinctG.justificationH.mappedI.mountingJ.hospitalizedK.

equivalent

Inastudycomparing46severeCOVID-19patientswith460matchedcontrols,researchersfoundthemental

impactsofsevereCOVID-19sixmonthslatercanbethe31toaging20years一goingfrom50to70

yearsold一orlosing10IQpoints.

'"Cognitiveimpairmentiscommontoawiderangeofneurologicaldisorders,includingdementia（痴呆），and

evenroutineaging,butthepatternswesaw一thecognitive4fingerprint9ofCOVID-19-was32fromall

ofthese,saysneuroscientistDavidMenonfromtheUniversityofCambridgeintheUK,whowasseniorauthor

ofthestudy.

Theexperimentinvolved46peoplewho'dgonetoAddenbrooke^HospitalinCambridgeasaresultof

COVID-19betweenMarchandJuly2020.Anaverageofsixmonthsaftertheirinfection,researchers33

themusingatestingtoolcalledCognitrontoseehowtheyweredoinginareassuchasmemory,attention,

reasoning,aswellasanxiety,depression,andpost-traumaticstressdisorder.

Theresearcherscomparedtheirresultsagainstamatchedcontrolgroupof460people.Theseresultswere

then34toseehowfartheydeviatedfromexpectedscoresfortheirageanddemographic（群体）,based

on66,008membersofthegeneralpublic.

Theresultsshowedthatthosewho'dsurvivedsevereCOVIDwerelessaccurateandhadslowerresponse

timesthanthegeneralpublic.

Themagnitudeofcognitivelosswassimilartotheeffectsofagingbetween50and70yearsofage-orlosing

10IQpoints.

Thesomewhatgoodnewsisthat,uponfollowup,thereweresome35ofrecovery一butitwas

gradualatbest."Wefollowedsomepatientsupaslateastenmonthsaftertheiracuteinfection,sowereabletosee

averyslowimprovement,9,saysMenon.

“Whilethiswasnotstatistically36,itisatleastheadingintherightdirection,butitisvery

possiblethatsomeoftheseindividualswillneverfullyrecover.

Thisstudyonlylookedatthemoreextremeendof37patients,butthereareplentyofotherstudies

showingthateven'mild'casescancausesimilarcognitiveimpacts.Whafsstillnotfullyunderstoodiswhyand

howtheSARS-CoV-2viruscausesthiscognitive38.

PreviousresearchhasshownthatduringsevereCOVID,thebraindecreasesglucose（葡萄糖）consumption

inthefrontoparietalnetwork（额顶网络），whichis39inattention,problemsolving,andworking

memory.It?salsoknownthattheviruscandirectlyaffectthebrain.

Buttheresearcherssuggestthelikelyculpritisn'tdirectinfection,butacombinationoffactors:including

reducedoxygenorbloodsupplytothebrain;clottingofvessels;andmicroscopicbleeds.There'salso

40evidencethatthebody'sownimmuneandinflammatoryresponsemaybehavingasignificantimpact

onthebrain.

TheresearchhasbeenpublishedineClinicalMedicine.

【答案】31.K32.F33.C34.H35.A36.B37.J38.D39.E40.1

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究人员发现，6个月后严重的COVID-19对精神的影响相当于

变老20岁——从50岁到70岁——或失去10个智商点。

[31题详解】

考查名词。句意：在一项将46名严重的COVID-19患者与460名匹配的对照组进行比较的研究中，研究

人员发现，6个月后严重的COVID-19对精神的影响相当于变老20岁——从50岁到70岁——或失去10

个智商点。由“thementalimpactsofsevereCOVID-19sixmonths"和"aging20years一goingfrom50to70

yearsold—orlosing10IQpoints??可知，句子表示“6个月后严重的COVID-19对精神的影响相当于变老

20岁——从50岁到70岁——或失去10个智商点”，空格处意为“对等的人（或事物）”作表语，故选

Ko

【32题详解】

考查形容词。句意：该研究的资深作者、英国剑桥大学的神经科学家大卫•梅农说：“认知障碍在广泛的

神经疾病中很常见，包括痴呆症，甚至是常规的衰老，但我们看到的模式一COVID-19的认知，指

纹'与所有这些不同。”由上文的uCognitiveimpairmentiscommontoawiderangeofneurological

disorders”和but表转折可知，此处表示“我们看到的模式——COVID-19的认知'指纹'——与所有这

些不同”，空格处意为“不同的”作表语，是distinct,故选F。

【33题详解】

考查时态。句意：在他们被感染平均六个月后，研究人员使用一种名为Cognitron的测试工具来监督他

们，看看他们在记忆、注意力、推理以及焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍等领域的表现。由“researchers”

和“themusingatestingtoolcalledCognitrontoseehowtheyweredoinginareassuchasmemory,attention,

reasoning,aswellasanxiety,depression,andpost-traumaticstressdisorder."可知，研究人员使用一种名为

Cognitron的测试工具来监督那些被感染的人，空格处意为"监督"，是supervise,时态用一般过去时，

故选C。

【34题详解】

考查被动语态。句意：然后，这些结果被绘制成图，以66,008名普通民众为基础，看看他们与自己年龄

和人口结构的预期得分有多偏离。由后文的"toseehowfartheydeviatedfromexpectedscoresfortheirage

anddemographic（群体）,basedon66,008membersofthegeneralpublic”可知，这些结果被绘制成图，看看

他们与自己年龄和人口结构的预期得分有多偏离，空格处意为“绘制成图”，是map,句子用被动语

态，空格处用过去分词，故选H。

【35题详解】

考查名词复数。句意：好消息是，随后出现了一些复苏的迹象一但充其量是渐进的。由后文的“were

abletoseeaveryslowimprovement”可知，随后出现了一些复苏的迹象，空格处是"迹象"，是sign,

some后用复数，故选A。

【36题详解】

考查形容词。句意：”虽然这在统计上不显著，但至少正朝着正确的方向发展，但其中一些人很可能永

远不会完全康复。"由"Whilethiswasnotstatistically"和"itisatleastheadingintherightdirection”可

知，虽然这在统计上不显著，但至少正朝着正确的方向发展，空格处意为“显著的”作表语，是

significant,故选B。

[37题详解】

考查形容词。句意：这项研究只研究了住院患者中较为极端的人群，但也有很多其他研究表明，即使是

"轻微"的病例也会造成类似的认知影响。由"patients"和"thereareplentyofotherstudiesshowingthat

even4mild9casescancausesimilarcognitiveimpacts可知，这项研究只研究了住院患者中较为极端的人

群，但也有很多其他研究表明，即使是“轻微”的病例也会造成类似的认知影响，空格处意为“住院

的”,用hospitalized,故选J。

【38题详解】

考查名词。句意：目前尚不完全清楚的是，SARS-CoV-2病毒为什么以及如何导致这种认知能力下降。根

据第六段的“Themagnitudeofcognitiveloss”可知，句子表示“SARS-CoV-2病毒为什么以及如何导致这

种认知能力下降”，空格处意为“下降”，是名词decline作宾语，故选D。

[39题详解】

考查被动语态。句意：此前的研究表明，在COVID严重期间，大脑减少前额叶网络中的葡萄糖消耗，该

网络涉及注意力、解决问题和工作记忆。由"thebraindecreasesglucose（葡萄糖）consumptioninthe

frontoparietalnetwork（额顶网络）”和^inattention,problemsolving,andworkingmemory可知，在

COVID严重期间，大脑减少前额叶网络中的葡萄糖消耗，该网络涉及注意力、解决问题和工作记忆，空

格处意为“涉及"，是beinvolvedin,故选E。

[40题详解】

考查形容词。句意：也有越来越多的证据表明，人体自身的免疫和炎症反应可能对大脑产生重大影响。

由“thebody'sownimmuneandinflammatoryresponsemaybehavingasignificantimpactonthebrain”可

知，有越来越多的证据表明，人体自身的免疫和炎症反应可能对大脑产生重大影响，空格处意为“越来

越多的”作定语，是mounting,故选I。

ID.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarked

A,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Ifeconomistaresosmart,whyain'ttheyrich?

AfterIwroteanewsletterlastmonthonhoweconomists5viewsdifferfromthoseofordinarypeople,Igot

emailstotheeffectof,“Ifeconomistsaresosmart,whyain'ttheyrich?"I'mnotaneconomist,sothequestion

doesn't41me.Thepossibleexplanations,42,areinteresting一sometimesfunny,sometimes

kindofdeep.Herearefivetheories.

1.Economistsaren,ttryingtoberich.Alotofeconomistsgotoworkforinstitutionsofgovernmentand

highereducation.Youdon'tgotoworkforsuchemployersbecauseyou43tovastriches.Nobodyasks

Trappistmonkswhytheyaren'trich,becauseifsunderstoodthatgettingrichisnottheiraspiration.Economics

likewiseoffersrewardsbeyond44.

2.Economistsaretoogoodateconomics.Learningalittleeconomicsisusefulforalotof45

careers,frommanagementtobanking.WarrenBuffett,StevenCohen,KennethGriffin,HenryKravisandElon

Muskareamongthebillionaireswhohavebachelorormasterdegreesineconomics.The46islovingit

somuchthatyougetyourdoctorateandbecomeanimpoverishedpostdocorassistantprofessor.

3.Economistsaren'tactuallysmart.Idon't47thisone.Ithinkthateconomistsaresmart.Butsome

一notthegoodones一canbe48.Theyknowtheirsubspecialtieswellbutareweakonothers,suchas

economichistory.Theseeconomistshave49butnotwisdom.

4.Economistsare50bythe“efficientmarkethypothesis”.There?sajokeaboutayoung

economistwhobendsdowntopickupa$20billheseesonthesidewalk.Anoldercolleaguetellshimnotto

51becauseiftherewerereallya$20billthere,someonewouldhavepickeditupalready.Devotionto

theefficientmarkethypothesis一whichassumesthatpricesreflectallavailableinformation-52

economistsfromtryingtobeatthemarket,andthafswhytheynevergetrich.

5.Economistsdothinktheycanbeatthemarket,butthey'rewrong.Agreat53ofthisisLong-

TermCapitalManagement,aheraldedhedgefund（对冲基金）thatincludedapairofNobeleconomicslaureates,

RobertMertonandMyronScholes.It54inspectacularfashionin1998.

WarrenBuffett,despiteearningamasterofsciencedegreeineconomicsfromColumbiaUniversityin1951,

toldaCNBCinterviewerin2016,"Idon'tpayanyattentiontowhateconomistssay,frankly.^^Heis

55thateconomicsisn'tanidealwaytomakemoneyasaninvestor.Ontheotherhand,thafsnotwhat

ifsfor.Ifsascienceofmeansandends.Leteconomistsbeeconomists!

41.A.benefitB.annoyC.amazeD.sacrifice

42.A.thereforeB.moreoverC.thoughD.instead

43.A.aspireB.objectC.contributeD.appeal

44.A.challengeB.knowledgeC.imaginationD.money

45.A.profitableB.academicC.professionalD.competitive

46.A.meritB.opportunityC.mistakeD.shortage

47.A.opposeB.convinceC.buyD.confront

48.A.short-sightedB.well-roundedC.under-educatedD.narrow-minded

49.A.prospectsB.allowanceC.expertiseD.weaknesses

50.A.inspiredB.restrainedC.overwhelmedD.fueled

51.A.botherB.overlookC.initiateD.withdraw

52.A.bansB.distinguishesC.isolatesD.discourages

53.A.obstacleB.exampleC.highlightD.consequence

54.A.overtookrivalsB.wentbankruptC.reapedrewardsD.waslaunched

55.A.sophisticatedB.falseC.biasedD.right

【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.A46.C47.C48.D49.C50.B51.

A52.D53.B54.B55.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。聪明的经济学家并不富有，文章介绍了5个理论来解释其原因。

[41题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是经济学家，所以这个问题并不会让我生气。A.benefit使受益；B.annoy

使恼怒；C.amaze使惊奇；D.sacrifice牺牲。根据上文"Ifeconomistsaresosmart,whyain'ttheyrich?”可

知，这一问题是对经济学家的质疑，提问人暗示经济学家并不富有，所以他们并不聪明，这一问题会让

真正的经济学家感到恼怒，作者不是不是经济学家，所以这个问题并不会让他生气。故选B项。

【42题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，可能解释很有趣，有时搞笑，有时又有点深奥。A.therefore因此；

B.moreover止匕外；C.though不过，可是；D.instead代替。上文作者表达自己不是经济学家，这个问题不

会让他生气，他不在乎，但下文他提出这个问题的解释很有趣，显示出他的兴趣，由不在乎到感兴趣，

上下文有转折关系。故选C项。

【43题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不会因为追求巨大的财富而去为这样的雇主工作。A.aspire追求，渴望；B.

object反对;C.contribute捐赠；D.appeal呼吁。根据段首中心句"Economistsaren'ttryingtoberich."和

下文“NobodyasksTrappistmonkswhytheyaren'trich,becauseit'sunderstoodthatgettingrichisnottheir

aspiration."中与特拉普派僧侣的类比可知，经济学家并不追求巨大的财富。故选A项。

【44题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济学同样提供了金钱之外的奖励。A.challenge挑战；B.knowledge知识；

C.imagination想像；D.money钱。根据上文uTrappistmonkswhytheyaren'trich,becauseit'sunderstood

thatgettingrichisnottheiraspiration.J,和句中“likewise”可推知，与特拉普派僧侣一样，经济学家并不追

求巨大的财富，而是在寻求超越金钱的其它奖励。故