河南省郑州市2024届高三年级下册模拟预测英语试卷(含答案)

河南省郑州市名校2024届高三下学期模拟预测英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

Startingtowriteshortstories:AnonlineworkshopwithStuartEvers

ThisisanonlinepaideventorganizedbyTheGuardian

Award-winningwriterStuartEversleadsahighlypracticalandconfidence-building

masterclassinwritingshortstories.

Regardlessofyourexperience,underStuarfsexpertguidance,youwilltakethefirstcrucial

stepsinshortstorytelling,withaspecialfocusoncomingupwithideas,sothatyouwillhave

anewfoundconfidenceinyourabilitytocontinuecraftingshortstories,farbeyondthe

course.Coursecontent

•Whatmakesashortstory?

•Howtogenerateideasforshortstories

•Writingtechniquesthatcanbeputintopracticeinstantly

•WritingexercisesthatallowdifferentideastosparkoffoneanotherThiscourseisfor...

AAWriterswhowanttolearnthefundamentalsoftheshortstoryformanddeveloptheir

skillsthroughpracticalwritingexercises

▲AnyonelookingtobuildtheirconfidenceinstorytellingCourseDetails

★Date:Tuesday31June2024

★Time:6pm-9pm(GMT)

★Acatchuprecordingwillbesharedaftertheclassandwillbeavailablefortwoweeks.

Youwillbesentalinktothewebinar24hoursand30minutesbeforethestarttime.

Pleaseemailmasterclasses@ifyoudonotreceiveit.

Thiseventwillbehostedonathird-partylivestreamingplatformZoom,pleasereferto

theirprivacypolicyandtermsandconditionsbeforepurchasingatickettotheclass.

Onceapurchaseiscompletewewillnotbeabletorefundyouifyoudonotattendor

cancelyoureventbooking.Pleaseseeourtermsandconditionsformoreinformationonour

refundpolicy.

1.Whatdoesthecoursepaymoreattentionto?

A.Creatingcharacters.B.Writingtechniques.

C.Formingcreativeideas.D.Writingexercises.

2.Whatmakesyouhavetosendanemail?

A.Notreceivingtheaccesslink.B.Learningtheonlineworkshop.

C.Gettingsomelearningmaterials.D.Purchasingatickettotheclass.

3.Whatserviceisguaranteedfortheparticipants?

A.Unconditionedrefund.B.Arecordingoflectures.

C.FreebookingonZoom.D.24hoursofbroadcasting.

Istarteda"questionoftheday“sectioninafamilytextgroup.We'dtalkabout

everythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespiteseveralwarningsfromlovedonesthatsome

ofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackanopinion,Iallbutkilled

thatgrouptext.Ithadagood12peopleinit.We'dsharedlaughs,encouragement,andfunny

memes（表情包）.Ittookonlyoneconversation一whichIwasinthemiddleof一toendit.

IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.Before

smartphonesenabledinstantcommunication,peopletalkedonthetelephone.Inperson,you

couldcutina“Whatdoyoumeanbythat?"tocorrectamisunderstandingbeforeitgotoutof

hand.Don'tgetmewrong:Iloveagoodgrouptext.Itmakesmefeelconnectedtopeoplein

awaythatIjustcan'tseemtoanymore,nowthatIhaveawifeandkids.

Pmlearning,butIhadarelapse（复发）recently.Ijoinedanewtextgroup.Iintroduced

my"questionoftheday“feature.IfooledmyselfintothinkingthatIwasencouraginga

healthydebateoncurrentevents.No.Othersinthegroupsawitasmetryingtoprovethatmy

waywastherightway.ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonalinformationthat

onefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryoneknew.Thenthis

friendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch-nottermsofkindword.SoIaskedhimaboutit

一inperson.ThafswhenhetoldmeI'dsharedsensitiveinformationhehadn'ttoldanyone

else.Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversationmoredeterminedtoslow

downmytexts.

Mynewresolveseemstobeworking.YoushouldbepleasedtoknowthatIhaveavoided

makingafewpointsthatIwastempted（鼓动）tomakeinindividualandgrouptexts.Insome

cases,Ididn'tevenrespond.Ihaven'tlostanymoreconnectionsbydoingthis.

4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bymakingjudgmentsonpolitics.B.Byrespondingtosometextmessages.

C.Bypresentingapersonalexperience.D.Bystartingafunnyconversation.

5.Whatproblemdoestheauthorhaveindigitalcommunication?

A.Ignoringtheneedtolistentoothers.B.Makingquickandsharpresponses.

C.Failingtoexpresshimselftimely.D.Focusingontheissuesofhisown.

6.Whywastheauthorattackedbyhisfriendinthetextgroup?

A.Hegaveawaytheprivacyofhisfriend.

B.Healwaysmademistakesoncurrentevents.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfinchatting.

D.Helikedenquiringpersonalinformation.

7.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromhisexperience?

A.Hurrymakeswaste.B.Understandingeachotherisvital.

C.Sometimesfastisjusttoofast.D.Trustisthebridgeofcommunication.

Fewpeoplerealizeit,butglaciers（冰川）arefulloftinyairbubbles（气泡）.Theyformas

snow,accumulatingoverthousandsofyears,slowlypacksintoiceunderitsownweight一

squishingtheairthatwastrappedbetweensnowflakesintotinyholes.ErinPettit,ascientist,

andhercolleagueshadsuspectedthatbubblescouldbeimportant.Totestthisidea,they

undertookaseriesoflaboratoryexperiments.

Theyfindthatastheicemelted,theresultingfreshwaterrose,becauseitwaslessdense

thanthesurroundingseawater.Thiscreatedarisingcurrentalongtheverticalfaceoftheice

一aproofofwhatoccursatthefrontofarealtidewaterglacier.Whentheglacialicemelted,

thecurrentthatitproducedwassixtimesfasterthanwhatwasseenwiththebubble-freeice

becausetherisingbubblespulledthewaterupmorequickly.Theglacialicemelted2.25

timesmorequicklythanthebubble-freeice."That'saverypowerfuleffect.Ifthafsthe

realityinnature,thenifsquiteserious.^^

Thenewlydiscoveredbubbleeffectcouldexplainsomeofthatextramelting,says

MathieuMorlighem,ascientist."It'simprovingourunderstanding,butit'snotpaintinga

darkerpictureofwhafshappeningtoday,"hesays.

PettitnotesthatinAlaska,manybayswithtidewaterglaciershavelargepopulationsof

harborseals.Theanimalssheltertherewhilemoltingandraisingbabies.ButinGlacierBay,

wherethetidewaterglaciersretreated（后退）manymilesinland,thesealpopulationshave

declined.Pettitnowsuspectsthattheroaringrhythmofexplodingbubblesprovidesahiding

placewheresealscanavoiddetectionbykillerwhale,whichoftenfindtheirvictimby

listening.Thebubblesmaymasktheseals9sounds一atleastuntiltheiceretreatsoutof

hearing.Thismayturnouttobeyetanotherwayinwhichthesetinybubbleshave

surprisinglylarge-scaleeffects.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"squishing“inparagraphImean?

A.Absorbing.B.Pressing.C.Adding.D.Reducing.

9.WhatdidPettitandhercolleaguesfindaboutthebubbles?

A.Theyproduceawarmcurrentofwater.

B.Theyresultinreleasingmorefreshwater.

C.Theyhaveformedforthousandsofyearsslowly.

D.Theycausetheiceinglacierstomeltmorequickly.

10.WhatisMathieu'sattitudetowardsthediscovery?

A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.D.Cautious.

11.Whateffectdoesthelastparagraphreflect?

A.Thefrogeffect.B.Thebucketeffect.

C.Thebutterflyeffect.D.Thebrokenwindowseffect.

WhileIndustry5.0isbelievedtohavestartedin2020,theriseofAIinrecentyearshas

ledexpertstosayitisnowcoming.ImagineAl-poweredrobotsthatsee,hear,touchand

more,poolingfreshdatafromacrossthosegroupsofsensorstocreatethatdatawiththevast

rangesofdigitaldatastoredelsewhereonline.TheageisamajorleapfromtheFirst

IndustrialRevolution,whensteamenginestartedtoachievewidespreadcommercialuse.

ProfessorJohnNostasays,“TheintegrationofsensorycapabilitiesintoAImodelsisnot

merelyatechnologicalleap.Itrepresentsashiftinourphilosophicalunderstandingof

artificialandhumanintelligence.^^

Hehasalsoreferredtotheneweraas"theCognitive（认矢口）Age,“whichwillcompletely

changehowhumanslive,work,andthinkaboutthemselves.AccordingtoNosta,humans

don'ttypicallythinkofcomputersas“experiencing“theworldthemselves.Butthat

assumptionwillbechallengedasmoreadvancedAIsystemsarehookeduptoevermoreand

evergreatersensors.Themachineswon'tjustbelogicboxesthathumansinputdataand

commandsforprocessing.TheAIwillcollectthatdatamoreandmoreonitsown,

experiencingtheworldforitself.

“Thisisnotjustaboutunderstandingwords,butalsoaboutgraspingthetone,pitch（音

高），andemphasis,whichaddlayersofmeaningoftenabsentinwrittentext.Image

recognitionaddsanotherlayerofcomplexity,headded."Forexample,itcananalyze

photographs,identifyobjects,andevenunderstandtheemotionalcontentoffacial

expressions.^^

TheJohannesburg-basedbusinessschoolisjustoneofmanycollege-levelprograms

attemptingtoinvestigateandteachitsstudentsaboutthestill-emergingIR5.0.SetonHallin

NewJerseyoffersathree-creditcourseonthislatestageinhumantechnologyandtrade;MIT

hasbroughtinguestspeakerstolectureontheconcept,andmanyotherresearchinstitutions

arefollowingsuit.

12.WheredoesIR5.0differfrompreviousindustrialrevolution?

A.Itprocessesdataandcommands.

B.Itinteractswithhumansthroughtexts.

C.Itenhanceshumansensorycapabilities.

D.Itemploysmoresensesinitsapplication.

13.WhyisIR5.0calledtheCognitiveage?

A.AIcollectsandinterpretsdataitself.

B.AIturnswrittentextsintovoice.

C.AIunderstandswrittenlanguagewell.

D.AIhasanabilityofexpressingemotions

14.HowdosomecollegesaddressIR5.0?

A.Byofferingrelatedcourses.

B.Byexpectingmoreindustrialrevolution.

C.ByapplyingAItothetechnologicaltrade.

D.Bypreparingfortherapideconomicchanges.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AlIsApproachingUsGradually

B.ANewIRIsAboutMachineLearning

C.AIHasDevelopedItsOwnSenses

D.WeAreEnteringIR5.0Now

二、七选五

16.Whatmotivatesyoutoworkorstudyharder?Isitthethoughtofsuccessandallthe

amazingthingsthatyoucanachieve,orisitthefearoffailureandworryaboutallthethings

thatcangowrongforyou?Leaders,managers,andteachershaveoftenusedoneofthese

ideastoinspirepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.①

Arecentstudylookedattheeffectoffear-basedstrategiesonBritishsecondaryschool

students.Theyfoundthatifatestisseenasimportant,andstudentsareoptimisticthatthey

cansucceed,thenthefearoffailurecanbeusedsuccessfullybyteacherstomotivatethese

learners.However,ifstudentsarenotconfident,fear-basedapproachescouldcausefeelings

ofanxiety.②Thestudyalsofoundthatifstudentsdon'tcareaboutthetest,then,

unsurprisingly,thefearoffailureisnotlikelytomotivatethem.

(3)It'safactthatmostnewcompanieswillfail.Butdoesthismotivateor

preventbusinesspeople?Again,ifsnotstraightforward.Thepersonalconsequencesof

failurecanbesignificant,andsofoundersmaybemotivatedtoworkhardertoavoidthem.A

studycarriedoutonBritishandCanadianbusinessmenfoundthatfearoffailurecanimprove

problemsolving,aspeoplearemotivatedtoanticipateandresolvepotentialissues.(4)

Soitwillhelptheirbusinessinthelongrun.

⑤Itcandriveconfidentpeopletodobetter,butitcanalsoincreaseour

doubtsandturnthemintobarriers.

A.Itmaymotivatethemmore.

B.Butisonebetterthantheother?

C.Fear-basedmotivationiscomplicated.

D.Thenitcaninturnleadthemtodoworse.

E.Businessmenoftenruntheriskoffailure.

F.Theymayalsobeinspiredtolearnnewthings.

G.Isthisideabeneficialforyoutosucceed?

三、完形填空(15空)

Sincebirth,wrestlingwaspartofmylifebecauseDad,aformercoach,inspiredinmehis

passionforthesport.Buthenever]metopracticeit.WhenIbecameseriousabout

wrestlinginhighschool,Dadwasthere,2methroughstricttraining.

“Dadalwayssaid,"Youhaveto3fully/9Iremember.Andso,Idid-training

determinedlyandimprovingsignificantly.Myvictoriesledtotrophies(奖杯)butDad's4

aftereachmatchmeantmoretome.

Insenioryear,everything5.Duringpractice,myheartbetrayedme,leadingtoa

diagnosisofaheartdiseaseandanendtomywrestlingcareer.Dadtookthedoctor'sadvice

to6,hiseyesrevealingthe7hetriedtohide.

Thatevening,IaskedDadifIhad8him."Howcouldyouthinkthat?"hereplied

9_.Aswetalked,Isaid,“Ithoughtwrestlingistheonlythingwehaveincommon.^^

Dadsmiledsoftly,"Ourbondwasn'twrestling,son.Itwas10

Isaid,“So,you'renotdisappointedorangry?"

Hiseyesgot11.“Ofcoursenot.I'veneverbeenangryatyou,andIwillalways

loveyouwhetheryou12ornot."

Wrestlinghasmademehealthier,moreconfident,andgoal-oriented.I'velearnedto

13losingandwinning.Myheartmayhavepreventedmefromcontinuingasa14,

butmyheartisstill15forallthatDaddidtomakemenotonlyabetterwrestlerbut

alsoabetterperson.

17.A.supportedB.permittedC.pushedD.appointed

18.A.lecturingB.arguingC.protectingD.guiding

19.A.researchB.applyC.commitD.grow

20.A.prideB.sympathyC.curiosityD.ambition

21.A.changedB.failedC.continuedD.appeared

22.A.challengeB.struggleC.waitD.quit

23.A.secretB.painC.shameD.thrill

24.A.disappointedB.hurtC.consultedD.violated

25.A.casuallyB.surprisedlyC.angrilyD.coldly

26.A.recreationB.reputationC.fortuneD.devotion

27.A.narrowB.dryc.bigD.dark

28.A.clarifyB.promiseC.wrestleD.argue

29.A.putasideB.dealwithC.runforD.holdback

30.A.volunteerB.performerC.competitorD.learner

31.A.gratefulB.responsibleC.regretfulD.suitable

四、短文填空

32.TheWuhansilkflowerisafamousspecialtyofHubei.Ithasbeenproducedand

soldformanyyearsandenjoysahighreputation.

Overthepasthundredyears,Wuhansilkflower①(adopt)thetraditionalsilk

flowermakingtechniquesfromtheroyalcourts.Itdrawsspiritfromthefolksilkflower

makingtechniquesthroughoutChina,whileperfecting②(it)onthebasisofthe

traditionalflowerskillsthathavebeenknownfarandwideduetoitsfineworkmanship.

Silkflowersaretheflowers®(typical)madewithsilk,satinandotherhigh­

gradefabrics.Theflowerslookvividandareuniqueskills.Whetherduetoitslonghistoryor

thestrong®(decorate)effect,silkflowerswerecommonaccessoriesofthe

ancientwomen.

AmongChinesetraditionalskills,makingflowers®fabricsemergedmore

than1,700yearsago.IntheTangDynasty,itwasrecorded®womenwore

flowersmadewithsilk.

Thesilkflower©(artist)inWuhanhavehandeddownandcarriedforward

silkflowerworkmanshipfromgenerationtogeneration,makingsilkflower®art

craftspecialtywithlocalcharacteristics.Thevarietiesoftheflowers®(make)

withsilkincludepeony,rose,Chineserose,andotherflowersintotalofmorethan400

varieties.Thefinishedflowersareclassifiedintoinsertedflowers,hatflowersandmore,⑩

(enjoy)greatpopularityamongconsumers.

五、书面表达

33.你校英语报举办了一次关于人工智能的征文活动，主题是“WillArtificial

IntelligenceEnterStudentLife?”，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.你的观点；

2.说明理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

WillArtificialIntelligenceEnterStudentLife?

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

IfstheSaturday,1:00am,andStormy,mydog,andIweregoingonapre-dawnbird­

watchingadventure.Theweathermanpredictedfog,butaswehittheroad,it'sclear.Along

ourjourney,Istoppedatapetrolstation,ensuringStormywassafelylockedinthetruck.

“Stormy,hangtight/91whispered,steppingoutintothenightair.

Backonthehighway,aswewerenearthemarshlands,aheavyfogbegantoswallow

everything.Atasharpbend,mytruckhitsoftground,andIlostcontrol.uOh,no!”Panicset

inasthevehicleslidofftheroadwithabang,fallingdownasteepbankandintothewater.

Inthestrangesilencethatfollowed,Iwasfloatinginsidethecar,gentlycarried

downstreambythecanal.66Comeon,door,“Isaid,switchinguselesslyatthehandle.Itwon't

move;theelectricalsystemhadshortedoutduetothewater.'Tvegotaglassbreaker,"I

remindedmyself,reachingforthetoolinthecenterpart.

Witheachfailedattempttobreakthewindow一theglassbouncingbackatme一Ifelt

agrowingsenseofurgency.Watermovedoverthefloorboards,coolingmyfeet.“Stormy,

staycalm,“Isaid,lyingdowntokickatthewindowwithallmystrength.Butmyeffortsonly

metresistance.

Asthewaterlevelrosethreateninglyclosetotheceiling,fearclawedatmyheart.Ina

lasteffort,Idivedbehindtheseatformytoolbox.“Gottofindsomethingsolid."Myhands

brushedagainstthecoldmetaltoolbox,thenthefireextinguisher（灭火器）.“Thismight

work.”

“Heregoeseverything/9Ithought,holdingtheextinguisherandhittingitagainstthe

window.Theimpactresoundedthroughthecar,buttheglassholdsfirm."Notyet,“Ibegged

undermybreath,astheextinguisherbouncedharmlesslyaway.

Thewaterkeptrising,andsodidmyfear.Avoiceinsidemescreamedtogiveup,but

anotherthoughtpiercedthrough——Stormy.66ForStormy,Ican'tquit."Justthen,Isenseda

pauseinthewater'srise.

Anunspokensoundsaid,"Youhavemoretime.Whatwillyoudo?”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

"I'llfightharder/91promisedaloud.

Exhausted,wecaughtthenowfloodedvehicle,waitingfordaylight.

参考答案

1.答案：c

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Regardlessofyourexperience,underStuart'sexpert

guidance,youwilltakethefirstcrucialstepsinshortstorytelling,withaspecialfocuson

comingupwithideas,sothatyouwillhaveanewfoundconfidenceinyourabilityto

continuecraftingshortstories,farbeyondthecourse.（无论你的经验如何，在Stuart的专业

指导下，你将迈出短篇故事的第一步，特别注重想出想法，这样你就会对自己继续创

作短篇故事的能力有了新的信心，远远超出了课程的范围）”可知，本课程特别重视创

作构思。故选C。

2.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据侄U数第三段的“Pleaseemailmasterclasses@if

youdonotreceiveit.（如果您没有收到，请发送电子邮件至

masterclasses@）“可知，如果没有收到链接的话，发邮件。故选A。

3.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据CourseDetails部分中“^Acatchuprecordingwillbeshared

aftertheclassandwillbeavailablefortwoweeks.（★补课录音将在课后分享，为期两周）”

可知，课后提供讲课的录音，故选B。

4.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的"Istarteda"'questionoftheday"sectioninafamilytext

group.We'dtalkabouteverythingfrommoviestopolitics.Butdespiteseveralwarningsfrom

lovedonesthatsomeofmyresponseswerejudgmentalandthatIwastooquicktoattackan

opinion,Iallbutkilledthatgrouptext.（我在一个家庭短信群里开了一个‘‘每日问题”版

块。我们无所不谈，从电影到政治。但是，尽管我的亲人多次警告我，说我的一些回

复带有评判性，而且我太急于攻击别人的观点，我还是差点取消了那条群发短信。）”

和第二段“IrealizedthatIhadaproblem.Themediumformyproblemisthesmartphone.（我

意识到我有问题了。我的问题的媒介是智能手机。）”可知，作者通过个人经历引入了

本文的主题。故选C。

5.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反驳一

个观点了）”和倒数第二段的"Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversation

moredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢

我发短信的速度。）”可知，作者的问题是在群组讨论中，急于反驳他人的观点，对于

分享信息不谨慎等，故选B。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。结合第三段的"ThenImadethemistakeofsharingsomepersonal

informationthatonefriendhadtoldmeduringaphoneconversation.Ithoughteveryone

knew.Thenthisfriendstartedreferringtomeasasnitch-nottermsofkindword.（然后我

犯了一个错误，分享了一个朋友在电话中告诉我的一些个人信息。我以为每个人都知

道。然后这个朋友开始说我是告密者——这可不是什么好话。）”可知，作者的一位朋

友在群组中攻击作者，是因为作者在群里说出了他和朋友之间私下交流的内容，故选

Ao

7.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的"Iwastooquicktoattackanopinion（我太急于反驳一

个观点了）”和倒数第二段的"Iapologizedplentifullyandcameawayfromtheconversation

moredeterminedtoslowdownmytexts.（我再三道歉，然后离开了谈话，下定决心放慢

我发短信的速度。厂可知，作者通过在一次家庭群聊中的经历意识到自己的问题在于

急于反驳他人的观点，因此作者从他的经历中学到的是有时候就是太快了，故选C。

8.答案：B

解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段前面的"Theyformassnow,accumulatingoverthousands

ofyears,slowlypacksintoiceunderitsownweight（它们以雪的形式形成，经过数千年的

积累，在自身重量的作用下慢慢地结成冰）“和后面的"theairthatwastrappedbetween

snowflakesintotinyholes（被困在雪花之间的空气变成了小洞）“可知，最初形成的雪经

过数千年累积，在自身负重下，缓慢被压成了冰，雪花之间困住的气体便在这个过程

里被挤压进了细小的空隙之中。故选B项。

9.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Whentheglacialicemelted,thecurrentthatit

producedwassixtimesfasterthanwhatwasseenwiththebubble-freeicebecausetherising

bubblespulledthewaterupmorequickly.Theglacialicemelted2.25timesmorequickly

thanthebubble-freeice（当冰川的冰融化时，它所产生的电流比没有气泡的冰所产生的

速度快六倍，因为上升的气泡使水上升的速度更快。冰川冰的融化速度是无气泡冰的

2.25倍）”可知，当冰川融化时，它产生的水流流速是无气泡冰的6倍，融化速度是无

气泡冰的2.25倍，说明气泡加快了冰川融化的速度。故选D项。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thenewlydiscoveredbubbleeffectcouldexplain

someofthatextramelting,saysMathieuMorlighem,ascientist.'It'simprovingour

understanding,butit'snotpaintingadarkerpictureofwhafshappeningtoday/hesays.（科

学家MathieuMorlighem说，新发现的气泡效应可以解释部分额外的融化现象。他说，

它提高了我们的认识，但并没有为目前的情况描绘出一幅更黑暗的图景厂可知，

Mathieu对于气泡加快冰川融化速度这种说法，是持赞成态度的。故选B项。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"ButinGlacierBay,wherethetidewaterglaciers

retreated（后退）manymilesinland,thesealpopulationshavedeclined.Pettitnowsuspects

thattheroaringrhythmofexplodingbubblesprovidesahidingplacewheresealscanavoid

detectionbykillerwhale,whichoftenfindtheirvictimbylistening.Thebubblesmaymask

theseals9sounds一atleastuntiltheiceretreatsoutofhearing.Thismayturnouttobeyet

anotherwayinwhichthesetinybubbleshavesurprisinglylarge-scaleeffects.（在冰川湾，潮

水冰川向内陆后退了许多英里，海豹的数量减少了。佩蒂特现在怀疑，气泡爆炸的轰

鸣声为海豹提供了一个藏身之处，避免被虎鲸发现。虎鲸通常通过声音寻找猎物。这

些气泡可能会掩盖海豹的声音——至少在冰层退去之前是这样。这可能是这些微小气

泡产生令人惊讶的大规模效应的另一种方式）”可知，在一个复杂系统中，一个看似微

不足道的动作或事件能够引发一连串不可预测且深远的影响，故选C项。

12.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"ImagineAI-poweredrobotsthatsee,hear,touchand

more,poolingfreshdatafromacrossthosegroupsofsensorstocreatethatdatawiththevast

rangesofdigitaldatastoredelsewhereonline.（想象一下，人工智能机器人可以看到、听

到、触摸等等，从这些传感器组中收集新数据，并与存储在网上其他地方的大量数字

数据一起创建这些数据）”和第二段的"TheintegrationofsensorycapabilitiesintoAI

modelsisnotmerelyatechnologicalleap.Itrepresentsashiftinourphilosophical

understandingofartificialandhumanintelligence.（将感官能力整合到人工智能模型中不仅

仅是技术上的飞跃。它代表了我们对人工智能和人类智能的哲学理解的转变）”可知，

第五次工业革命中在应用中使用了更多的感官。故选D。

13.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Themachineswon'tjustbelogicboxesthathumans

inputdataandcommandsforprocessing.TheAIwillcollectthatdatamoreandmoreonits

own,experiencingtheworldforitself.（这些机器将不仅仅是人类输入数据和命令进行处

理的逻辑盒子。人工智能将越来越多地自己收集数据，自己体验这个世界）”可知，第

五次工业革命被称之为认知时代，因为人工智能能够从自己的传感器获取数据，感知

世界。故选A。

14.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"TheJohannesburg-basedbusinessschoolisjustoneof

manycollege-levelprogramsattemptingtoinvestigateandteachitsstudentsaboutthestill­

emergingIR5.0.SetonHallinNewJerseyoffersathree-creditcourseonthislatestagein

humantechnologyandtrade;MIThasbroughtinguestspeakerstolectureontheconcept,

andmanyotherresearchinstitutionsarefollowingsuit.（这所位于约翰内斯堡的商学院只是

许多大学级别课程中的一所，这些课程试图调查和教授学生有关仍在出现的工业革命

5.0的知识。新泽西州的西顿霍尔开设了一门三学分的课程，内容涉及人类技术和贸易

的最新时代；麻省理工学院已经邀请了客座演讲者就这一概念进行演讲，许多其他研

究机构也在效仿）”可知，多所大学提供了关于第五次工业革命的课程和讲座等。故选

Ao

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段"WhileIndustry5.0isbelievedtohavestartedin2020,the

riseofAIinrecentyearshasledexpertstosayitisnowcoming.（虽然工业5.0被认为是在

2020年开始的，但近年来人工智能的崛起让专家们表示，它现在正在到来）”结合本文

主要介绍了随着人工智能技术的迅速发展，人类已迈入第五次工业革命（IR5.0）,这

一新时代标志着人与AI之间更深层次的合作。不同于以往以文本命令为主的交互方

式，新的工业革命将实现AI能通过视觉、听觉等多种形式收集、整合信息，并结合网

络上庞大的数据进行深度理解，预示着一个被称作“认知时代”的新纪元。因此D选项

“我们正在进入工业革命5.0”最符合文章标题。故选D„

16.答案：①-⑤BDEFC

解析：①根据"Whatmotivatesyoutoworkorstudyharder?Isitthethoughtofsuccessand

alltheamazingthingsthatyoucanachieve,orisitthefearoffailureandworryaboutallthe

thingsthatcangowrongforyou?Leaders,managers,andteachershaveoftenusedoneof

theseideastoinspirepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.^^（是什么激励你更加努力地

工作或学习？是对成功的憧憬和你能实现的所有惊人的事情，还是对失败的恐惧和对

所有可能出错的事情的担忧？领导者、经理和老师经常使用这些想法来激励人们更加

努力地工作，取得更多的成就。）可知，人们往往利用其中的一个来激励人们，再结

合下文对于这两种动机的研究分析，B选项“一个比另一个好吗”符合语境。故选B

项。

②根据上文的“However,ifstudentsarenotconfident,fear-basedapproachescouldcause

feelingsofanxiety,5（然而，如果学生不自信，基于恐惧的方法可能会引起焦虑）可

知，如果学生不自信，这种恐惧动机可能会产生相反的效果，故D选项“然后反过来

会导致他们做得更糟”切题。故选D。

③根据下文"It'safactthatmostnewcompanieswillfail.”（大多数新公司都会失败，这

是一个事实）可知，商人会冒着失败的风险。故E选项“商人常冒失败的风险。”切

题ocompanies和businessmen相对应。故选E项。

④根据上文的“peoplearemotivatedtoanticipateandresolvepotentialissues.^^（人们有动

力预测和解决潜在的问题。）和下文的"Soitwillhelptheirbusinessinthelongrun”（因

此，从长远来看，这将有助于他们的业务）可知，与前面的企业家们有解决问题呼

应，说明他们也有学习新事物的动机。因此从长远来看，有助于他们的生意。故F选

项“他们也可能受到启发去学习新事物”切题。故选F。

⑤根据后文“Itcandriveconfidentpeopletodobetter,butitcanalsoincreaseourdoubtsand

turnthemintobarriers”（它可以驱使自信的人做得更好，但也会增加我们的疑虑，并将

其转化为障碍）可知，恐惧动机是比较复杂的，可能有益处也可能成为障碍。故C选

项“基于恐惧的动机很复杂”切题。故选C。

17.答案：C

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他从不强迫我练习摔跤。A.supported支持；B.

permitted允许；C.pushed推；D.appointed任命。根据上文“becauseDad,aformer

coach,inspiredinmehispassionforthesport”可知，父亲从不强