高二英语北师大版必修五教学案UNIT13SECTION4

Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出单词1．negativeconsideringonthebadsideof;lackingenthusiasmorhope2．hesitatebeslowtospeakoractbecauseyoufeeluncertainornervous3．foreverforaverylongorseeminglyendlesstime4．foreheadthepartofyourfaceaboveyoureyesandbelowyourhair5．Honeyasweetstickysubstanceproducedbybees,usedasfood6．clawsharpcurvednailonthetoeofananimalorbird7．chewtobitefoodseveraltimesbeforeswallowingit8．wrinklealineonyourfaceorskinthatyougetwhenyouareoldⅡ.单词拼写1．Salty(咸的)foodmakesonethirsty.2．Televisionstationsaroundtheworldarelinkedbysatellite(卫星)．3．Iplantofindapart­time(兼职的)jobthissummerholiday.4．I'vegotadentalappointment(预约)at3o'clock.5．Itisonlyshallowpeoplewhojudge(判断)byappearances.6．Hisdevotion(专心)tothejoblefthimwithlittlefreetime.Ⅲ.补全短语1．referto参考，查询；提到；涉及；适用于2．livewith同……住在一起；忍受，容忍3．exceptfor除……外4．bepopularwith受……的欢迎5．leadto导致6．aslongas只要7．asaresult(of)(由于……的)结果8．payattentionto注意……9．take...seriously严肃对待10．bedevotedto献身于……1．It'sdifficulttojudgebutwethoughttheymightbeinthesameclassandthattheywerediscussingaproblem.很难判断，但我们认为他们可能在同一个班级，并且正在讨论问题。[句式分析]and连接两个宾语从句，第一个that可省略，第二个不能省略。[佳句赏析]他说马克思(Marx)出生在德国，德语是他的母语。HesaidMarxwasborninGermanyandthatGermanwashisnativelanguage.2．Nationalitiesmayinfluencepersonalities,butattheendoftheday,peoplearethemselves,nomatterwheretheycomefrom.国籍可能会影响到性格，但一天工作结束后，人们都将做回自己，无论他来自哪个国家。[句式分析]“nomatter＋疑问词”在此引导让步状语从句，表示“无论/不管……”。[佳句赏析]无论你去哪里，你都不要忘记家乡的父母和兄弟。Nomatterwhereyougo,youmustn'tforgetyourparentsandbrothersinyourhometown.考点1judgevt.&vi.评判，裁判，做评判员，判断；认为；断定n．法官，审判员；裁判员[教材原句]It'sdifficulttojudgebutwethoughttheymightbeinthesameclassandthattheywerediscussingaproblem.很难判断，但我们认为他们可能许在同一个班级并且正在讨论问题。(1)judgefrom/by...由……判断asfarassb.canjudge以某人判断/看(2)judgementn.判断；判断力；审判makeajudgementon对……进行评判Judgingbythelookonhisface,thenewsmusthavebeenterrible.从他脸上的表情判断，这条消息肯定很糟糕。Tojudgefromwhathesaid,hewasverydisappointed.从他的话判断，他非常失望。AsfarasIcanjudge,heshouldberesponsibleforit.依我看，他应对此事负责。Thejudgerequestedsilence.法官要求肃静。Canyoumakeajudgementonthegame?你能对这场比赛做一下评判吗？[形象识记]完成句子①你能鉴定哪双鞋子最好吗？Canyoujudge_which_shoes_arethebest?②依我看，他们都要受到谴责。As_far_as_I_can_judge,_allofthemaretoblame.③主裁判对这次失败没作评判。Thechiefcoachmade_no_judgement_onthefailure.④从他的所作所为，可以看出他比较自私。Judging_by/fromhisactions,heisratherselfish.考点2devotevt.献身于，专心致志于(常与介词to连用)[教材原句]Shedevotesalotofhertimetocaringtheneighbours.她花了很多时间来照顾邻居们。(1)devoteoneselfto献身于，致力于devoteone'stime/energy/money/lifeto把时间、精力、金钱、一生用于……(2)devotedadj.忠诚的(be)devotedto献身于，致力于(3)devotionn.奉献；忠诚AsIsteppedintoSeniorThree,Ihadtodevotemostofmysparetimetostudying.进入高三后，我不得不把大多数业余时间都用来学习。Shedevotedherlifetohelping(help)homelesschildren.她把一生都用来帮助无家可归的孩子。Thelibrarianisdevotedtohertiringjob.这位图书管理员致力于她繁重的工作。Hisdevotiontohiswifeandfamilyistouching.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。1．用devote适当形式填空①Sheisagoodwifeandadevotedmother.②Heishighlythoughtofbecauseofhisdevotiontowork.③It'swrongtodevoteyourselfonlytoamusement.2．完成句子④他把一生献给了造福于人类。Hehasdevoted_his_whole_life_tobenefitingmankind.⑤作为战士，他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。Asasoldier,heshowed_selfless_devotion_toduty.考点3referto(指讲话者等)谈及；提及；参考，查询[教材原句]youcanrefertophysicalappearanceasyoumakecomments评论时你可以参考人的外表refer...to...将……提交/上呈；把……归类/归因于；引……去查询/咨询referto...as把……称为/当作……Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.我答应过再也不提这事了。Inordertofindtheanswertothequestionhereferredtoadictionary.为了找到问题的答案，他查阅了字典。Thedisagreementwasreferred(refer)totheUnitedNations.该项争议已提交联合国处理。Englishisreferredtoasauniversallanguage.英语被称为一种世界语言。写出下列各句中referto的汉语意思①Thespeakeroftenreferredtohisnotes.参考，查阅②Hissuccesswasreferredtothegoodeducationhehadreceived.归因于③Thebookreferredtolasttimehasbeensoldout.谈及，提及④Johnsonreferredtothediscoveryasamajorbreakthroughinmedicalscience.把……称为考点4exceptfor...除了……[教材原句]SheneverwatchesTVexceptforthenews.除了新闻以外，她不看其他的电视节目。Yourcompositionisquiteexcellentexceptforseveralspellingmistakes.你的作文很好，就是有几处拼写错误。Thestreetisemptyexceptforseveralcars.除了几辆车，街上空荡荡的。[辨析比较]exceptfor主要有两层含义：表示不同类别事物进行比较；表示人或物在总体上是好的，只是其中的某个细节或某个环节不尽人意except表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去，即排除同类中的一分子或从整体中除去一部分”，表示递减的概念，含义是否定的but表示“排除在外，不包含在内”，相当于except，但它通常与某些不定代词如nothing,all,anything,noone,anyone等连用besides表示“除了……之外，还有……”，指“在整体中加入一部分”，表示递加的概念，含义是肯定的。常与also,else,other等词连用。另外besides还可用作副词，表示“此外，而且”exceptthat/wh­用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况，其后需接从句1．选词填空：besides,but,except①Ihavethreeotherdictionariesbesidesthisone.②Idesirednothingbut/excepttogotouniversity.③IknownothingabouttheaccidentexceptwhatIhavereadinthepaper.2．完成句子④这个故事美妙极了，只有一个问题：与事实不符。It'sawonderfulstory,except_foroneproblem:It'snottrue.⑤我不想去。此外，我太累了。Idon'twanttogo;besides,_I'mtootired.⑥除了忙的时候之外，他是愿意帮助人的。He'sreadytoofferhishelpexcept_whenhe'sbusy.⑦我对他一无所知，只是知道他来自日本。Iknownothingabouthimexcept_thatheisfromJapan.考点5aslongas只要；和……一样长[教材原句]Aslongasnationaltypesarenottakentooseriously,it'sfuntryingtoguessaperson'snationalityfromtheirpersonality.只要人们不过于严肃地看待民族类型，通过人们的性格猜猜他们的国籍也挺好玩的。Aslongasonekeepscalm,onedoesn'tfeelthehearttoomuch.(谚)心静自然凉。Thenewbridgeissaidtobeaslongas100meters.据说新桥长达100米。[联想发散]思考一下，引导条件状语从句的连词或词组还有哪些？if,_unless,_only_if,_so_long_as,_on_condition_that,_in_case_(that),_provided/providing_(that),_suppose/supposing_(that),_given_(that)等。完成句子①如果你不马上走，你将会迟到的。Youwillbelateunless_you_leave_immediately.②我确信只要你尽力，就不会让我失望的。I'msureyouwon'tletmedownas_long_as_you_try_your_best.③要是没有人反对，我们就在这里开会。Provided_that/If_there_is_no_opposition,_weshallholdthemeetinghere.Nationalitiesmayinfluencepersonalities，butattheendoftheday,peoplearethemselves,no_matter_wheretheycomefrom.国籍可能会影响到性格，但一天工作结束后，人们都将做回自己，无论他来自哪个国家。(1)nomatter“无论，不管”，后面常跟how,what,who(whom),when,where,which等疑问词，意为“无论如何；无论什么；无论谁；无论何时；无论何处；无论哪一个”。Nomatterwhereyougo,Iwillsupportyou.无论你去哪儿，我都支持你。(2)“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时，可分别与however,whatever,whoever(whomever),whenever,wherever,whichever等连接词互换。However(＝Nomatterhow)successfulhewas,itisapitythathecouldn'teducatehissonwell.无论他多么成功，没有把儿子教育好是一种遗憾。Nomatterwhichtrain(＝Whichevertrain)youtake,youwillbethereby5o'clock.无论你乘哪一班火车，5点钟总是可以到达那儿的。Nomatterwhere/Whereveryougo,Iwouldkeepyourcompany.不管你到哪里，我都会陪着你。[关键一点]“nomatter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋后缀ever”既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。1．判断正误(T/F)①Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.(F)②Whateveryousayisofnousenow.(T)③Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey'regiven.(F)④Prisonershavetoeatwhateverthey'regiven.(T)2．句型转换⑤Howeverordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsociety.→Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsociety.⑥Whoeverdestroystheenvironmentwillbepunished.→Anyonewhodestroystheenvironmentwillbepunished.如何描写人物[技法指导]本单元的写作任务是描写人物。人物描写主要是介绍人物的外貌、生平、成就等。人物描写的体裁一般是记叙文，有时也以看图作文、表格、书信、新闻的形式出现。(1)人物描写的一般顺序开头(thebeginning)：对该人物进行简要地介绍，如身份、职业等。主体(themainbody)：可以按照时间的顺序或在事件中的主次地位进行描述。结尾(conclusion)：对此人的评价或感想。(2)人物描写所涉及的方面①总体描写：年龄、性别、出生地、家庭及教育背景等。②外表、性格特点和特长爱好等。③详细介绍所描述人的特色及生平大事(成就)。④评价。黄金表达一、常用词汇1．naughty淘气的2．smart聪明的3．confident自信的4．independent独立的5．spendhischildhoodin...在……度过了他的童年6．amanwithstrongwill意志力坚强的人7．beinterestedin对……感兴趣8．befondof喜欢9．becrazyabout...痴迷于10．haveagiftfor...有做……的天赋11．bedelightedindoing高兴做12．bestrictwith对……严格13．makeupone'smind下定决心14．behonouredas...被授予……荣誉15．thinkhighlyof高度评价二、常用句式1．...wasoneofthegreatest...inthe20thcentury.……是20世纪最伟大的……之一。2．He/Shestudiedat...andgraduated...他/她就读于……毕业于……3．...istheonewhoimpressesmemost.……是我印象最深的一个。4．...issuchalearned/strong­willedpersonthatwealladmire/respecthim/her.……是如此一个博学/意志坚强的人，我们都很钦佩/尊敬他/她。5．He/Shedevotedallhis/herlifeto...他/她把毕生都致力于……6．He/Shewashighlythoughtof...他/她受到高度评价……7．Inmyopinion...以我的观点看来……8．He/Shewillliveintheheartsof...forever.他/她会永远活在……心中。[写作规范][题目要求]请写一篇关于钱学森的介绍。要求包含下文中的所有内容。词数100左右。钱学森自小就受到家庭和学校良好的教育，立志长大后献身于祖国的科学事业。大学毕业后，赴美留学，获得航空博士学位，成为美国知名的火箭专家。新中国成立后，他急切地盼望回到祖国，但是受到美国当局的百般阻挠。经过他不屈不挠的斗争，终于回到了祖国并一心扑在中国的科学事业中。他所从事的火箭、导弹研制获得巨大成功，被誉为中国的“航天之父”。参考词汇：航天aerospace航天学cosmonautics学位degree不屈不挠的unyielding导弹missile[三步作文法]第一步：搜索词汇1．培养；养育bring_up2．对做某事有很强的欲望have_a_great_desire_to_do_sth.3．致力于；奉献于devote_oneself_to;_apply_oneself_to4．科学事业the_science_cause5．博士学位doctor's_degree6．把……看作……refer_to..._as_.../look_on_..._as/regard_..._as_...7．关心，在乎careabout/beconcernedabout8．渴望做某事be_eager_to_do_sth./for_sth.9．不屈的努力unyielding_struggle10．在……方面in_terms_of第二步：由词造句1．钱学森自小受到良好教育且对科学方面极有天赋，立志长大后献身于祖国科学事业。①WhenQianXuesenwasyoung,hewaswell_brought_upandhad_a_gift_forscience.Andhedecided_to_devote_himself_tothesciencecauseofhismotherland.②Well_brought_up_and_educated_when_young,_QianXuesenmade_up_his_mind/had_a_great_desire_to_be_devoted_tothesciencecauseofhismotherland.2．新中国成立后，他关心祖国的发展，急切地盼望回到祖国，但受到美国当局的百般阻挠。①AfterNewChinawas_founded,_hecared_aboutthedevelopmentofChinaandwas_looking_forwardtoreturninghome,buthewas_prevented_bytheAmericangovernment.②With_the_founding_ofNewChina,hecared_aboutthedevelopmentofChinaandwas_eager_toreturnhome,_though_prevented_bytheAmericangovernment.3．鉴于他的成就和能力，他被誉为中国的“航天之父”。①As_for/In_terms_ofhisachievementandability,hewas_referred_to_asChina's“FatherofAerospace”．②It_ishisachievementandabilitythatmakeshimdeservethehonorofChina's“FatherofAerospace”．第三步：连句成篇Wellbroughtupandhavingagiftforscience,QianXue­sen,sincehischildhood,hadagreatdesiretodevotehimselftothesciencecauseofhismotherland.Aftergraduationfromcollege,hewenttostudyinAmerica,gotadoctor'sdegreeforcosmonautics,andwasreferredtoasagreatrocketexpertintheUSA.WiththefoundingofNewChina,hecaredaboutthedevelopmentofChinaandwaseagertoreturnhome,butwaspreventedbytheAmericangovernment，whichmadehimupset.Throughhisunyieldingstruggle,hefinallycameback,andhadbeenworkingonscientificworkinChina.Hisresearchonrocketsandmissileswasagreatsuccess,andintermsofhisachievementandability,hedeservedthehonor—China's“FatherofAerospace”．[对应学生课时达标训练(四)]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'snofunspending(spend)theweekendathome.2．Ihesitateto_ask(ask)you,butwillyoulendmeyourcarforafewdays?3．Thebaconistoosalty(salt)forme.4．Edisagreattravellingcompanion(company)—funnyandsensibleatthesametime.5．Shehadgivenherhusbandyearsofdevotion(devote)andsupport.6．Englishpeoplehaveareputationforbeingveryreserved(reserve)．7．Shehasn'tgotenoughconfidence(confident)todothejobalone.8．Jeannehasdual(双重的)nationality(nation)becausehermotherisFrenchandherfatherisEnglish.Ⅱ.选词填空take...seriously,aslongas,asaresultof,judgefrom,bepopularwith1．KoreanstarLiMinhaois_popular_withmanyyoungpeople.2．Judging_fromwhatyousaidinyourletter,youwereveryhappy.3．As_a_result_ofthesechanges,moreandmorepeoplewillentertheuniversity.4．Don'tmindwhatotherssayas_long_asyouareconfidentinwhatyoudo.5．Asateacher,it'simportantthatthekidstakeyouseriously.Ⅲ.完形填空AwisemanwasvisitingtheGanges,ariverwhichflowsthroughnorthernIndia,totakeabath.Hefoundagroupoffamilymembersonthe__1__，shoutingangrilyateachother.He__2__hisdisciples(弟子),smiledandasked,“Whydopeopleshoutin__3__ateachother?”Thedisciples__4__forawhileandoneofthemsaid,“Becausewe__5__ourcalm,weshout.”“But,whyshouldyoushout__6__theotherpersonisjustnexttoyou?Youcanaswelltellhimwhatyouhavetosayina(n)__7__manner,”askedthewiseman.Somedisciplesgavesomeotheranswers,butnone__8__theotherdisciples.Finallythewisemanexplained,“Whentwopeopleareangryateachother,thereisadistancebetweentheir__9__.Tocoverthatdistancetheymustshouttobeableto__10__eachother.Theangriertheyare,theloudertheywillhavetoshoutto__11__thatgreatdistance.What__12__whentwopeoplefallinlove?Theydon'tshoutateachotherbuttalksoftly,becausetheirheartsarevery__13__.Thedistancebetweenthemiseithernonexistent(不存在的)orverysmall.”Thewiseman__14__，“Whentheyloveeachotherevenmore,theydonot__15__，butonlywhisperandtheygetevenclosertoeachother.Finallythey__16__neednotwhisper.Theyonlylookateachotherandthat's__17__.Thatishowclosetwopeoplearewhentheyloveeachother.”Helookedathisdisciplesandsaid,“Sowhenyou__18__donotletyourheartsgetdistant.Donotsaywordsthatdistanceeachothermore.__19__therewillcomeadaywhenthedistanceissogreatthatyou'llnotfindthepathto__20__.Youmayendupbecomingenemies,forinstance.”语篇解读：本文通过一个故事告诉我们生气时，不要说任何让彼此的心产生距离的话。1．B．platformC．bankD．street解析：从上句的“theGanges,ariverwhich...”可以判断，这里应该指他看到一家人在“河岸上(bank)”怒气冲冲地争吵。答案：C2．A.referredtoB．attendedtoC．shoutedtoD．turnedto解析：由下文可知，他想借此机会对弟子们进行教育，所以他“转向(turnedto)”他们。答案：D3．A.angerB．excitementC．disappointmentD．surprise解析：上文的angrily给出了提示。为什么人们会“愤怒地(inanger)”向对方喊叫呢？答案：A4．A.thoughtB．relaxedC．listenedD．waited解析：为了回答这个问题，弟子们“思考(thought)”了一会儿。答案：A5．A.controlB．disturbC．loseD．enjoy解析：人们“失去(lose)”内心的平静时才会怒吼。答案：C6．A.aslongasB．incaseC．whenD．unless解析：when在此意为“在……情况下”。答案：C7．A.softB．impressiveC．weakD．responsible解析：由前面所说的“离得很近”可知，这里是说可以用“柔和的(soft)”方式讲话。答案：A8．A.encouragedB．satisfiedC．entertainedD．bothered解析：一些弟子们又说出了另外的答案，但没有一个能让其他人“满意(satisfied)”。答案：B9．A.directionsB．bodiesC．goalsD．hearts解析：当两个人向对方怒吼时，彼此的“内心(hearts)”就会产生距离。下文反复提到“hearts”。答案：D10．A.hurtB．attackC．understandD．hear解析：提高嗓门是为了能使双方都“听见(hear)”对方。答案：D11．A.keepB．measureC．coverD．shorten解析：上文的“Tocoverthatdistance”给出了提示。答案：C12．A.mattersB．happensC．worksD．succeeds解析：由下句“Theydon'tshoutateachother”可知，这句是说“如果两个人相爱会是一种什么情况呢？”答案：B13．A.closeB．hugeC．specialD．open解析：由下句的“Thedistancebetweenthemiseithernonexistentorverysmall.”可知，两个相爱的人的心彼此很“亲近(close)”。答案：A14．A.doubtedB．continuedC．repliedD．promised解析：说完了上述内容，这位智者“接着(continued)”解释。前一段也是智者的话，所以不能用“replied”。答案：B15．A.passB．cryC．careD．speak解析：与本空后的whisper构成对比，相爱的人不会“大声交谈(speak)”而只会甜蜜地低语。答案：D16．A.sometimesB．stillC．evenD．ever解析：最后他们“甚至(even)”不必低语，而只需注视着对方。答案：C17．A.nothingB．allC．oneD．something解析：他们只要注视着对方就可以明白“一切(all)”。答案：B18．A.argueB．apologizeC．criticizeD．explain解析：所以，当你们“争吵(argue)”时，千万不要伤害对方的心灵。答案：A19．A.WorsestillB．ThereforeC．OrelseD．Besides解析：不要轻易说出那些令人伤心的话。“否则的话(orelse)”，你们的心会彻底相离。答案：C20．A.beatB．followC．walkD．return解析：你们心灵的距离会越来越远，以至于你们不会再“和好如初(findthepathtoreturn)”。答案：DⅣ.阅读理解Nobudgetforyourvacation?Tryhomeexchanges—swappinghouseswithstrangers.Agreetouseeachother'scars,andyoucansavedollarsoncarrentals(租赁费),too.Homeexchangesarenotnew.Atleastonegroup,Intervac,hasbeenfacilitatingsuchanarrangementsince1953.Buttradingonlineisgainingpopularitythesedays,withseveralsitesinoperation,includingHomeExchanges.Foundedin1992,withsome28,000listings,thiscompanybillsitselfastheworld'slargesthomeexchangeclub,reportingthatmembershiphasincreased30%thisyear.TheannualfeeisusuallylessthanUS$100.Memberscanaccessthousandsoflistingsforapartments,villas,suburbanhomesandfarmsaroundtheworld.Initialcontactismadeviae­mail,withsubsequentcommunicationusuallybyphone.Beforeamatchismade,potentialswapperstendtodiscussalot.However,theconceptmaysoundriskytosomepeople.Whatabouttheft?Damage?Thesearereasonablecausesforconcern,butequallyunlikely.Asoneswapperputsit,“Nobodyisgoingtoflyacrosstheoceanordrive600milestocomestealyourTV.Besides,atthesametimethey'restayinginyourhome,youarestayingintheirhome.”Exchangesitesrecommendthatswappersdiscusssuchmattersaheadoftime.Theymayfilloutanagreementspellingoutwhoshoulderswhichresponsibilitiesifaproblemarises.Itdoesnotmatteriftheagreementwouldholdupincourt,butitdoesgivetheexchangersalittlesatisfaction.Generally,thebiggestcomplaintamonghomeexchangershastodowithdifferentstandardsofcleanliness.Swappersaresupposedtomakesuretheirhomeisinorderbeforetheydepart,butoneperson'sideaof“clean”maybemoreforgivingthananother's.Someownerssayiftheycomebacktoaless­than­sparklingkitchen,itmaybeinconvenientbutwouldnotsourthemonfutureexchanges.语篇解读：文章论述了假期时，人们为了减少开支，相互签订协议交换房子住的事。1．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtoexchangehomes.B．Howhomeexchangeisbecomingpopular.C．ThebiggesthomeexchangeagencyIntervac.D．AcontrastbetweenIntervacandHomeExchanges.解析：段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了“交换房子住”这种现象是如何越来越流行的。答案：B2．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“bills”inthesecondparagraph?A．Advertises.B．Dedicates.C．Replaces.D．Participates.解析：词义猜测题。由下文的“astheworld'slargesthomeexchangeclub”可知bill在此表示“广告”。dedicate“献身”；replace“替换”；participate“参加”。答案：A3．Howdohomeexchangersnormallybegintheircommunication?A．Byphone.B．Bye­mail.C．Viaamatchmaker.D．Viaaface­to­facemeeting.解析：细节理解题。由文章第三段“Initialcontactismadeviae­mail,withsubsequentcommunicationusuallybyphone”可知。答案：B4．Whatisrecommendedinthepassagetodealwiththeftanddamageconcerns?A．Onecanfilealawsuitincourt.B．Bothpartiescantradeonline.C．Bothpartiescansignanagreementbeforehand.D．Onecandamagethehomeoftheotherpartyinreturn.解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段“swappersdiscusssuchmattersaheadoftime.Theymayfilloutanagreement...”可知。答案：CⅤ.短文改错WhenIfirstlearnedtowriteEnglish,Iranintomanydifficulties.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.Ifollowedheradviceandshouldputdown100wordsorsoeachday.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.Allsaidthestorywasagoodone.Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.答案：第一句：write后加in第二句：去掉第一个in;anything→everything第三句：第二个my→a第四句：去掉should第五句：talk→talking;me→myself第六句：showed后加it第七句：reads→read第九句：word→words单元质量检测(一)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AMylittlebrotherandsisterwerealwayssayingthatIwasbossy(爱发号施令的).Anditwasn'tuntilImetaverybossypersonthatIunderstoodhowtheyfelt!Myschoolwasholdingafundraiser(募捐活动)calledtheSpringFlingFair,andeveryonewasgoingtohelpout.Iwasprettyexcitedaboutit.Therewerelotsofcommitteestochoosefrom,andIchosegamesandactivities,whichsoundedlikefun.Buteverytimewegottogether,aguynamedPeterdidthesamething.Heneverseemedtorealizethathewaspartofateamwiththreeotherpeople.Atlast,itwasthedayoftheSpringFlingFair,andwewereallrunningaroundgettingready.“Youneedtomakethehorseshoessignhangstraighter，”Petercommanded.“Wouldyoupleasedoityourself？”Isaid.“I'mkindofbusyorganizingtheprizes.”“Therearetoomanypinkballoonsonthewall，”Petercomplained.“Youshouldaddmoreblueones.”“Feelfreetogoaheadandaddthem，”Mikesaid.Thebest(ormaybetheworst)exampleofPeter'sbossinesshappenedwhentheSpringFlingFairfinallystarted.Acutelittlegirlwasfishingforaprize,andPetergrabbed(抢夺)thefishingpolerightoutofherhands!“You'reholdingitallwrong，”hetoldher.“Doitlikethis！”ThislittlegirllookedupatPeter,tookabigbreath,andsaid,“Thatmaybetherightwayforyoutodoit,butit'snottherightwayforme.”Andthatwasprobablythebestthingthislittlegirlcouldhavesaid.ThegoodpartofthisexperienceisthatithelpedmeunderstandhowmybrotherandsisterfeltwhenItoldthemwhattodoanddidn'tstoptobepoliteorconsidertheirfeelings.NowItrytobemorepatientandlessbossy,andwegetalongmuchbetter.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮忙组织募捐活动时的故事。1．OnthedayoftheSpringFlingFair,Peter________.A．hadagreattimeB．keptgivingordersC．waschosenastheleaderD．wasrunningaroundgettingready解析：推理判断题。由第五段中的“‘Youneedtomakethehorseshoessignhangstraighter，’Petercommanded.”及第七段中的“‘Therearetoomanypinkballoonsonthewall，’Petercomplained.‘Youshouldaddmoreblueones.’”可知，Peter在募捐活动上一直给别人发号施令。答案：B2．Whenbeingbossedaroundbyherschoolmate,theauthor________.A．askedotherstodotheworkB．didwhatshewastoldC．refusedtoobeyD．ignoredhim解析：细节理解题。由第六段中的“‘Wouldyoupleasedoityourself？’Isaid.‘I'mkindofbusyorganizingtheprizes.’”可知答案。答案：C3．Whenthecutelittlegirlwasfishingforaprize,________.A．shewasorderedtostopB．shegotthebiggestprizeC．PetergavehersomeusefuladviceD．herfishingpolewastakenawayrudely解析：细节理解题。由第九段中的“Petergrabbed(抢夺)thefishingpolerightoutofherhands！”可知选D。答案：D4．AftertheSpringFlingFair,theauthor________.A．changedherattitudetowardsherbrotherandsisterB．becamefriendswiththecutelittlegirlC．gotinvolvedinmorefundraisersD．brokeupwithPeter解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一句“NowItrytobemorepatientandlessbossy...”可知，作者改变了对弟弟和妹妹的态度。答案：ABThevillageofFoston,NorthYorkshire,UK,nowhasapostofficethankstopupilsatthevillageprimaryschool.Peopleinthevillageweresaddenedtoseetheirlocalbranch(分局)closed12yearsago.Butnowthevillageprimaryschoolhasopenedoneinaconverted(改造过的)outdoortoilet,asmallbrickbuilding,withallthepupilsattheschooltrainedtohelp.TeachingassistantLauraGlass,29,said,“Thelastoneclosedin1998andthenearestoneisfivemilesaway,meaningitwasverytrickyasthevillagehasalotofelderlypeople,andwesuggestedthattheoldtoiletbeused.”“Wegotalotofhelpfromthegovernmentandthevillagersinconvertingit.”Wethenrealizedthatbygettingpupilstorunitwecouldhelpteachthemimportantskillsatthesametime.“Thechildrenwillbeproperlysupervised(察看并指导)．Theyloveitanditgivesthemkeyskills,andthevillagersloveittoobecauseitissuchauniqueservice.”Thepostofficeopensdailyduringthepupils'schooldays,for15minutesduringtheirlunchbreak,andforanother15minutesafterlessonsat3pm.VillagerLauraDeighton'sfive­year­olddaughterGracegoestotheschoolandhasbeenservingcustomersattheunusualbranch.Laura,31,said,“Gracethinksit'swonderfulandgreatfun,andsheandallthekidslearnreallyusefulsocialskills.”“Itisalsoagreatbenefittothecommunity.They'vegoteverythingyoucouldpossiblyneed,andthekidsareexcellent.Theyaresofriendlyandhelpful.”语篇解读：本文是一则新闻。英国一个小村庄里的邮局十几年前被撤销了，村民们感到很不方便。现在，村里的小学又开办了邮局，让小学生们为大家提供服务。5．Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．enjoyableB．difficultC．excitingD．different解析：词义猜测题。根据“thenearestoneisfivemilesaway”和“asthevillagehasalotofelderlypeople”可推断，tricky此处意为“困难的”。答案：B6．LauraDeighton'sattitudetowardstheserviceprovidedbythepupilscanbedescribedas________.A．anxiousB．surprisedC．satisfiedD．doubtful解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“andthekidsareexcellent.Theyaresofriendlyandhelpful.”可知，LauraDeighton对小学生们提供的服务很满意。答案：C7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Thepostofficeopenseveryday.B．Onlyselectedpupilscanworkinthepostoffice.C．Thepostofficeisinsidetheprimaryschool.D．Pupilslovetohelpinthepostoffice.解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Theyloveitanditgivesthemkeyskills”及倒数第二段可知，小学生们喜欢在邮局里帮忙。答案：D8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．OutdoorToiletBecomesNewPostOfficeB．KidsServeCustomersDuringLunchBreakC．AnotherPostOfficeBranchReopenedD．PrimarySchoolOpensVillagePostOffice解析：标题归纳题。本文是一则新闻。英国一个小村庄里的邮局十几年前被撤销了，村民们感到很不方便。现在，村里的小学又开办了邮局，让小学生们为大家提供服务。D项标题准确、全面地概括了文意。答案：DCIworkinabankandhavelovelyrelationshipswithmanyofthecustomers.It'snotoneofthosebankswithlonglines—it'sthekindofbankwhenyouwalkin,everyonesayshi,weknowyournameandspeaklikefriends.Oneofmycustomersinhis70sownsandrunsabarberschoolineastBaltimore.He'sconnectedwithseveralnonprofits(非营利组织)andIhavetwononprofitsofmyown.Oneday,hesaidtomethatIreallyhadtomeethisnieceinFlorida—Dee.ThenextdayDeecalledmeandwetalkedaboutherprojectsofgatheringblanketsforthehomelessandthecommunitywhereverthereisneed.Wespokeforoveranhourandfoundouthowmuchwehaveincommon!Itturnsoutthatherblanketprogrammeisgrowinggreatlyandthereisamantravellingthecountrytodeliverblanketsandorganisebreaddonation(捐赠)fromaroundthecountry.Andonthatday,hewasonhiswaytoBaltimore.Thisman,HikerJoe,stayswhereverplaceisofferedanddidn'thaveanofferingforthatnight.Iquicklyseized(抓住)thechance!Myhusbandtravelsalotforworkandhassome“points”fordifferenthotelchains,sowemadeafewcallsandwithinanhour,HolidayInnagreedtoallowustousethepointswehad.HikerJoecalledandwasverythankfulfortheroom.HethencontinuedtogotoBaltimoreCitytogiveouttheblanketstothehomeless.HealsosetupaweeklypickupprogrammewithPaneraBreadinBaltimoreandnoweveryThursdayeveningPaneraBreadwillgiveusthebreadandsweetstheyhaven'tsoldduringthedaytogiveouttothehomeless.Howbeautifulcanlifebewheneachpersongoestheirlittlebittoseizethechanceofservice!语篇解读：本文介绍了在银行工作的作者在工作之余还热衷于慈善事业，并因此还认识了许多志同道合的朋友。9．Whenworkinginthebank,theauthorfelt________.A．hopelessB．uninterestedC．comfortableD．worried解析：推理判断题。根据第一段作者对该银行的描述可知，工作人员和顾客之间相互认识，像朋友一样交谈。由此推断，作者在那里工作应该是很舒适自在的。答案：C10．Whileworkinginthebank,theauthorwasdevotedto________.A．helpingothersB．makinggoodfriendsC．runningabarberschoolD．travellingaroundtheworld解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者同热衷于慈善事业的人交朋友，并且自己与两家慈善组织有联系，这说明作者工作之余还专注于慈善事业——帮助他人。答案：A11．Whydidthecustomerasktheauthortomeethisniece?A．Theyalllikedcollectingblanketsforthepoor.B．Hethoughttheyhadalotincommon.C．Hisniece,Dee,wasakindwoman.D．Theyallworkedinthebank.解析：推理判断题。由第二段最后两句可知，两人通过交谈发现她们有很多共同点，这最有可能是作者的顾客要把自己的侄女介绍给作者的原因。答案