山东省青岛市即墨区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

2023—2024学年度第一学期教学质量检测高二英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。所有试题的答案，写在答题卡上，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第Ⅰ卷(共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5个小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillKarendotonight?A.Goswimming.B.VisitMichelle.C.Prepareforaperformance.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atasupermarket.C.Athome.3.Whenwasthepartypreviouslyscheduledtostart?AAt6:00pm.B.At6:30pm.C.At7:00pm.4.WhatshouldMikedoaccordingtotheman?A.Changehislearninghabits.B.Workmuchharder.C.Seeadoctor.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelexperience.B.Ahistorylesson.C.Atouristattraction.第二节(共15个小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenLilyandDave?A.Brotherandsister.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.7.WhatisJohn'sattitudetowardtheactivity?A.Favorable.B.Casual.C.Disapproving.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowdidAnnafeelaftershecametotheclassroom?A.Happy.B.Embarrassed.C.Disappointed.9.WhatbothersAnnanow?A.Feelingabithomesick.B.Havingtroublegettingaround.C.BeingweakatspeakingChinese.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.WhydoesJasonhavenotimetorelaxontheweekend?A.Hejoinsacharityintheschool.B.Hemusttakemusiccourses.C.Hehastodohomework.11.WhatisJenny'sopiniononmentalhealthdaysofffromschool?A.Itmaymakethingsworse.B.Itcansolvementalproblemswell.C.Itwillhelpimproveparent-childrelationship.12.WhatdoesJennythinkisimportantinstudents'mentalhealth?A.Students'self-regulation.B.Amentalhealthlecture.CDoctors'suggestions.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Wheredidthemanreadthestory?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamagazine.C.Onawebsite.14.Whocalledtheairtrafficcontrollerforhelp?A.Apilot.B.Anairhostess.C.Apassenger.15.Whatdidtheairtrafficcontrollerdecidetodo?A.Teachhowtooperateaplane.B.Askhiscolleaguesforhelp.C.Makeavideoofflying.16.Whathappenedtotheplaneintheend?A.Itcrashed.B.Itlandedsafely.C.Itspassengersgotinjured.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhendidAelitaAndrebegintolearnpainting?A.Attheageof10yearsold.B.Attheageof1yearold.C.Attheageof9monthsold.18.WhatwasthehighestpriceofAelitaAndre'swork?A.$4,000.B.$10,000.C.$24,000.19.WhatwasAelitaAndre'saccomplishmentin2020?A.ShedrewapaintingofJacksonPollock.B.ShewonGlobalChildProdigyAwards.C.ShehadhersoloexhibitioninManhattan.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroduceatrulytalentedartist.B.ToshowherconcernsaboutAelitaAndre.C.Toillustratethevalueofabstractpaintings.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AFourYouTubechannelsyouneedtowatchYesTheory6.57msubscribersDrivenbythemotto(格言)“SeekDiscomfort”,YesTheoryaimstospreadamessageoffearlessnessthroughcarryingoutprojectsthathelppeoplestepoutsidetheircomfortzones.Thereisnodoubtthatmanyofusmayfeeltooscaredtoworktowardschallenginggoals,whichiswhyYesTheorytakesonsomeadventurestoshowpeoplethatdiscomforthelpsachieveagreatlife.NasDaily2.45msubscribersBeingagraduatefromHarvard,NuseirYassinmakesanefforttoprovideaYouTubechannelthathighlightsthemostincrediblehumansonEarth.Hisvideosoftenfeatureindividualswhoarecreatingchangesintheworld,andhealsocoverssomeofthemostimportanttopicsofdiscussionlikeclimatechange.TED-Ed13.7msubscribersTED-EdisoneofthemostfamousYouTubechannelswhenitcomestolearningandinspiration.Thechannelhasnospecificvideoproducerasitfeaturespresentationsfrompeopleallaroundtheworld.Thesevideosfeatureawidevarietyoftopics,andthereisnospecificsubjectthatthechannelfocuseson.Instead,itprovidesinsightintoanythingthatcanbenefittheviewers.BeInspired7.4msubscribersBeInspiredisaYouTubechannelthatprovidesvideostohelppeopleimprovetheiroverallwell-being.Thesevideosincludeawidevarietyoftopicssuchassleep,stress,jobs,andcreatingplans.Thechannelalsoincludesshortandinspirationalvideosthathelppeoplerealizethemistakestheyaremakingandwaystosolvethem.1.Whichchannelisthemostpopular?A.YesTheory. B.NasDaily. C.TED-Ed. D.BeInspired.2.WhatbenefitwillviewersmostprobablygetfromBeInspired?A.Learningthelatestnews.B.Meetingincrediblehumans.C.Havingaccesstojobopportunities.D.Improvinggeneralhealthandhappiness.3.Whatdothefourchannelshaveincommon?A.Theyareinspirational.B.Theyarefavoredbystudents.C.Theyencourageviewerstochallengethemselves.D.Theyhaveonespecificvideoproducer.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四个YouTube频道，主要包括其订阅者数量和视频的主题。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据YesTheory中“6.57msubscribers(657万订阅者)”、NasDaily中“2.45msubscribers(245万订阅者)”、TED-Ed中“13.7msubscribers(1370万订阅者)”和BeInspired中“7.4msubscribers(740万订阅者)”可知，TED-Ed的订阅者最多，是最受欢迎的频道。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据BeInspired中“BeInspiredisaYouTubechannelthatprovidesvideostohelppeopleimprovetheiroverallwell-being.Thesevideosincludeawidevarietyoftopicssuchassleep,stress,jobs,andcreatingplans.(BeInspired是一个YouTube频道，提供视频帮助人们提高整体幸福感。这些视频包括各种各样的主题，比如睡眠、压力、工作和制定计划)”可知，BeInspired帮助人们提高整体幸福感，涵盖睡眠这样身体健康的主题，也包括压力这样的心理健康的主题。由此可知，观看者从中最有可能改善整体健康和幸福感。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据YesTheory中“Drivenbythemotto(格言)“SeekDiscomfort”,YesTheoryaimstospreadamessageoffearlessnessthroughcarryingoutprojectsthathelppeoplestepoutsidetheircomfortzones.(在“寻求不适”的座右铭的推动下，YesTheory旨在通过实施帮助人们走出舒适区的项目来传播无畏的信息)”、NasDaily中“BeingagraduatefromHarvard,NuseirYassinmakesanefforttoprovideaYouTubechannelthathighlightsthemostincrediblehumansonEarth.(作为哈佛大学的毕业生，NuseirYassin努力提供一个YouTube频道，突出地球上最不可思议的人类)”、TED-Ed中“TED-EdisoneofthemostfamousYouTubechannelswhenitcomestolearningandinspiration.(谈到学习和鼓舞人心，TED-Ed是YouTube最著名的频道之一)”和BeInspired中“Thechannelalsoincludesshortandinspirationalvideosthathelppeoplerealizethemistakestheyaremakingandwaystosolvethem.(该频道还包括一些鼓舞人心的短视频，帮助人们意识到自己正在犯的错误，并找到解决问题的方法)”可知，这四个频道都涉及传递鼓舞人心的信息、故事或方法，因此都能够鼓舞人心。故选A项。BBeingawriterinthe21stcenturycankeepyouinfrontofascreenforsolongthatitfeelsliketheroomissideways.BeingahumanwiththeInternetcanmeanhoursspentonsocialmedia,scrollingandpostingforsolongthatyoursenseofrealityactuallybecomessideways.Threeyearsago,Istartedtosearchforwaystodealwithmyanxiety.Ihadabrilliantidea,onethatfeltcompletelyforeigntopeoplelikeme:I’dgooutside,totherealoutside.Igrewupinthecity,nothikingorcamping,soIknewnothingabouttheoutdoors.Ihavethreekidswithendlessenergy,soIfiguredIcouldsolvetwoquestionsatonce.Iwouldgetabreatherfrommyjobandthekidswouldplaywithinsectsandrealizethereisnothingbetterthannature.WedrovetoGreatFalls,Virginia,wherehundredsofpeopleonanygivendayspenthoursmeanderingthroughthehillsideandforest.Thebluewaterpulsed,turningwhiteandcrashingpowerfullyhundredsoffeetbeneathus.Thekidsheldtheirbreathasiftheyhadseenmagics.Butit’sjustnature,justtheoutside,andthathadbeenthereallalong.Sincethen,we’vebeenfascinated.LastsummerIfeltmyhome’swallsclosingin,soIdecidedtogocamping.Ibuiltmyfirstfire.Mykidswatchedmyeverymove,askingeverytenminutestohelpgetmorebranchesandroastmeat.Aboutamonth,mycravingtotakeabreakfromthecitygrewagain.Wecampedtwomoretimesbeforethecoldcame,eachtimeseeingabitmoreofwhatnaturehadtooffercityfolks.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetogooutsidethreeyearsago?A.Becausehewasinterestedinnature. B.Becausehehopedtoreduceanxiety.C.Becausehefellinlovewithcamping. D.Becausehewaseagerfortheoutdoors.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanthiskidstodo?A.Enjoythebeautyofnature. B.Stayawayfromsocialmedia.C.Learntoprotectthemselves. D.Choosetodowhattheyarefondof.6.HowdidthekidsfeelaboutthetourtoGreatFalls?A.Tired. B.Scared. C.Bored. D.Excited.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“craving”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Memory. B.Chance. C.Desire. D.Ability.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者三年前为了减少焦虑，选择走向户外。从此爱上了亲近大自然，还培养孩子一切享受自然之美。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Threeyearsago,Istartedtosearchforwaystodealwithmyanxiety.Ihadabrilliantidea,onethatfeltcompletelyforeigntopeoplelikeme:I’dgooutside,totherealoutside.(三年前，我开始寻找解决焦虑的方法。我有一个绝妙的主意，一个对我这样的人来说完全陌生的主意：我要到外面去，到真正的外面去)”可知，作者在三年前决定走出去是因为他希望减少焦虑。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iwouldgetabreatherfrommyjobandthekidswouldplaywithinsectsandrealizethereisnothingbetterthannature.(我可以从工作中喘口气，孩子们可以和昆虫一起玩耍，意识到没有什么比大自然更好的了)”可知，作者希望他的孩子们享受自然之美。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“WedrovetoGreatFalls,Virginia,wherehundredsofpeopleonanygivendayspenthoursmeanderingthroughthehillsideandforest.Thebluewaterpulsed,turningwhiteandcrashingpowerfullyhundredsoffeetbeneathus.Thekidsheldtheirbreathasiftheyhadseenmagics.(我们开车去了维吉尼亚州的大瀑布镇，在那里，每天都有数百人在山坡和森林里漫步数小时。蓝色的海水在我们下面几百英尺处跳动，变成白色，猛烈地撞击着。孩子们屏住呼吸，仿佛看到了魔法)”可推知，孩子们对大瀑布之旅感到兴奋。故选D。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“totakeabreakfromthecitygrewagain”以及“Wecampedtwomoretimesbeforethecoldcame,eachtimeseeingabitmoreofwhatnaturehadtooffercityfolks.(在寒冷来临之前，我们又露营了两次，每次都能看到大自然给城市人提供的更多东西)”可知，后文提到他们又去露营了两次，说明渴望离开城市，休息一下。故划线词意思是“渴望”。故选C。CHavingapersonaltrainerisoneofthebestwaystostayontrackwithyourworkouts,pushyourlimitsandtrynewthings.Butitoftencostsmorethan$100aclass,andgettingtoandfromthegymcantakeupalotoftime.Overthepasttenyears,fitnessappshavebeentryingtocopythepersonaltrainingexperienceexactly,andinrecentyearsmanyhaveincludedartificialintelligence(AI)tocreateworkouts.Agrowingnumberofproductsofferpersonalizedworksthatmatchyourabilities,goalsandequipmentyouhave,whichusuallycostaround$100ayear.However,someexpertswarnthatwhileAIfitnessappsareusefulformanyexercisers,they’renottherightfitforeveryone.AIfitnessappscreatepersonalizedtrainingprogramsusinginformationfrompersonalusersandtheexperiencesofotherusers.Inthefuture,theseappscouldcollectevenmoreinformationtogiveevermorepersonalizedfeedback(反馈),saidfuturistDavidBrin.But,headded,moreinformationdoesn’talwaysleadtobetteradvice.“Whatyouneedtoconsideriswhethertheadvicewillactuallybegoodforyou,inthelongrun,”hesaid.Furthermore,computerscanlearnalotaboutdifferentworkoutroutines,buttheycan’tyetcreatethesocialinteractionsthatmakethetrainingsuccessful,saidNikolaBanovic,professorofcomputerscienceandengineeringattheArtificialIntelligenceLaboratoryoftheUniversityofMichigan.TheAIfitnessappswehavenowcan’tofferencouragementorprovidecomfortonabadday.“Ashumans,weneedmorethanjusttheworkoutsthatwillgetustoourgoals,”DrBanovicsaid.“Weneedtobeencouraged—that’ssomethingonlyarealtrainercandorightnow.ItwillbesometimebeforeAItrainingdoesthiswell.”8.WhatisthemainadvantageofAIfitnessappsoverpersonaltrainers?A.Requiringlessexerciseequipment.B.Offeringcoachingservicesatalowerprice,C.Creatingmorepersonalizedtrainingplans.D.Providingabetterpersonaltrainingexperience.9.WhatmayDavidBrinagreewith?A.Usersshouldworkhardertoprotecttheirpersonalinformation.B.AIfitnessappsshouldfindmoretoolsforcollectinginformation.C.UsersshouldbecarefulwiththeadviceofferedbyAIfitnessapps.D.AIfitnessappsshouldbeimprovedtomeettheneedsofeveryuser.10.WhatshouldfutureAIfitnessappsfocuson?A.Settingachievablegoals.B.Addinglivechatservices.C.Learningnewworkoutroutines.D.Developingusefulinteractions.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowdoAIfitnessappschangethewayyouexercise?B.WouldanAItrainerbebetterthanarealtrainer?C.CanAItrainerstaketheplaceoftherealone?D.HowdoexpertsfeelaboutanAItrainer?【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来健身应用程序一直试图准确复制个人训练体验，并且许多应用程序将人工智能用于创建锻炼，但一些专家认为人工智能健身应用程序并不适用于所有人。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Havingapersonaltrainerisoneofthebestwaystostayontrackwithyourworkouts,pushyourlimitsandtrynewthings.Butitoftencostsmorethan$100aclass,andgettingtoandfromthegymcantakeupalotoftime.(有一位私人教练是保持训练正轨、突破极限和尝试新事物的最佳方式之一。但一节课的费用通常超过100美元，而且往返健身房可能会占用很多时间)”和第二段中的“Agrowingnumberofproductsofferpersonalizedworksthatmatchyourabilities,goalsandequipmentyouhave,whichusuallycostaround$100ayear.(越来越多的产品提供与你的能力、目标和设备相匹配的个性化作品，通常每年花费约100美元)”可推测出，人工智能健身应用程序比私人教练有优势的是它能够以低价提供教练服务。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“But,headded,moreinformationdoesn’talwaysleadtobetteradvice.‘Whatyouneedtoconsideriswhethertheadvicewillactuallybegoodforyou,inthelongrun,’hesaid.(但他补充道，更多的信息并不总是能带来更好的建议。他说：‘从长远来看，你需要考虑的是这些建议是否真的对你有好处。’)”可知，DavidBrin认为人工智能健身应用程序虽然收集了更多的信息，但这并不意味着它能提供更好的建议，用户需要考虑这些建议是否对自己有好处。由此可推测出，用户要对人工智能健身应用程序提供的建议保持慎重。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore,computerscanlearnalotaboutdifferentworkoutroutines,buttheycan’tyetcreatethesocialinteractionsthatmakethetrainingsuccessful,saidNikolaBanovic,professorofcomputerscienceandengineeringattheArtificialIntelligenceLaboratoryoftheUniversityofMichigan.(此外，密歇根大学人工智能实验室的计算机科学与工程教授NikolaBanovic说，计算机可以学习很多关于不同锻炼动作的知识，但它们还不能创造出使训练成功的社交互动)”和最后一段中的“Weneedtobeencouraged—that’ssomethingonlyarealtrainercandorightnow.ItwillbesometimebeforeAItrainingdoesthiswell.(我们需要得到鼓励——这是现在只有真正的教练才能做到的事情。人工智能训练要做到这一点还需要一段时间)”可知，人工智能应用程序缺乏和人进行社交互动的功能，要做到这一点还需要时间，而人类需要在锻炼中得到鼓励。由此可推测出，未来人工智能应用程序应该关注开发有用的互动功能。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文首先在第一段讲述了私人教练对训练的好处以及私人教练的缺点，接着在第二段中的“Overthepasttenyears,fitnessappshavebeentryingtocopythepersonaltrainingexperienceexactly,andinrecentyearsmanyhaveincludedartificialintelligence(AI)tocreateworkouts.(在过去的十年里，健身应用程序一直试图准确地复制个人训练体验，近年来，许多应用程序都将人工智能（AI）用于创建训练)”和第三段“However,someexpertswarnthatwhileAIfitnessappsareusefulformanyexercisers,they’renottherightfitforeveryone.(然而，一些专家警告说，虽然人工智能健身应用程序对许多锻炼者有用，但它们并不适合所有人)”指出，近年来出现了人工智能健身应用程序，并提到专家认为人工智能健身应用程序不适用于所有人。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕人工智能健身应用程序展开论述。由此可推测出，B项“人工智能教练会比真正的教练更好吗？”最适合作本文标题。故选B。DWashingmachinesareoneofthegreatestinventionsofthelastfewcenturies.Theyhavemadelifeeasier.Unfortunately,washingmachinesalsocontributetotheenvironmentalissuesofenergyuseandmicro-plasticsflowingintotheoceans.Thatiswhythewashingmachinemanufacturer(制造商),Samsung,andtheoutdoor-wearcompany,Patagonia,areworkingtogethertomakeachange.ForPatagonia,theissueofmicro-plasticshasbeenonitsmindforyears—itswoolenjacketsreleasemanymicrofibers.AsforSamsung,newrequirementsthroughouttheworldhaveforcedmanyproducerstostartthinkingaboutwaystohelpreducethenumberofmicro-plastics.Therearecurrentlymorethan14milliontonsofmicro-plasticsfloatingintheoceans.Thoughpeoplepreviouslythinkofthingssuchasplasticbottlesandfishinglineswhenitcomestoplasticsintheocean,thousandsofmicro-plasticsarereleasedintoseaswitheverywash.Theissueisasortofcatch-22.Inordertoreduceenergycosts,manufacturerstrytomaketheirmachinesmoreefficient.Thesemachinesusehotterwaterandaredesignedtocreatemorefriction(摩擦)betweentheclothinginthemachine.However,bothofthesethingsleadtothereleaseofmoremicro-plastics.So,usingPatagoniaclothesastestcases,Samsungcameupwithatwo-foldsolution:OneisatechnologycalledEco-bubbles,whichcreatesmorebubblestomakethedetergent(洗涤剂)morepowerful,andtheotherisawaterpurifierthatcanfilter(过滤)outmoremicro-plastics.Thecooperationbetweenthetwocompaniesisproofofhowcomplicatedprotectingtheenvironmentcanbe.Ontheonehand,clothingthatiswell-constructedanddurableisaweaponinthefightagainstfastfashion.Ontheotherhand,thematerialusedtomakethoseclothesandthewaytheyarewashedcanalsoaddpollutantstotheenvironment.Thesamegoesforwashingmachines.Thereisnoone-size-fits-allsolution.Thefightagainstclimatechangerequirescreativethinkingandlearninghowtoattackaproblemfrommanyangles.Thiswillcertainlyleadtoevenmorestrangeandfruitfulcooperationbetweentheenvironmentallyconsciouscompanies.12.WhatisSamsung’spurposeinpartneringtheoutdoorclothingcompany?A.Tolimittheuseofmicro-plastics.B.Tosolvetheissueofenergywaste.C.Tofindasolutiontomicro-plasticpollution.D.Toproducehigh-efficiencywashingmachines.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch-22”inparagraph3referto?A.Atrickysituation. B.Aquestionablefact.C.Apossibledream. D.Apracticalmethod.14.Whichofthefollowingwillreducethereleaseofmicro-plasticsduringwashing?A.Usinghotterwater.B.Creatingmorefriction.C.Usingpowerfuldetergents.D.Addingawaterpurifiertowashingmachines.15.Whatdoesthecooperationbetweenthetwocompaniesshow?A.Thedifficultyinfightingagainstfastfashion.B.Thecomplexityofenvironmentconservation.C.Theinfluenceofhumans’activeaction.D.Theimportanceofcreativethinking.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了洗衣机制造商三星和户外服装公司巴塔哥尼亚正积极合作，以解决微塑料污染的问题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unfortunately,washingmachinesalsocontributetotheenvironmentalissuesofenergyuseandmicro-plasticsflowingintotheoceans.Thatiswhythewashingmachinemanufacturer(制造商),Samsung,andtheoutdoor-wearcompany,Patagonia,areworkingtogethertomakeachange.(不幸的是，洗衣机也造成了能源使用和微塑料流入海洋的环境问题。这就是为什么洗衣机制造商三星和户外服装公司巴塔哥尼亚正在合作做出改变。)”可知，三星和巴塔哥尼亚合作是为了找到解决微塑料污染的方法。故选C。【13题详解】词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“Theissue”指的是第一段中的“theenvironmentalissuesofenergyuseandmicro-plasticsflowingintotheoceans”，即能源使用和微塑料排放的问题。根据后文中的“Inordertoreduceenergycosts,manufacturerstrytomaketheirmachinesmoreefficient.Thesemachinesusehotterwaterandaredesignedtocreatemorefriction(摩擦)betweentheclothinginthemachine.However,bothofthesethingsleadtothereleaseofmoremicro-plastics.(为了降低能源成本，制造商试图提高机器的效率。这些机器使用更热的水，设计用于在机器中的衣服之间产生更多的摩擦。然而，这两种情况都会导致更多微塑料的释放。)”可知，洗衣机制造商通过使用更热的水和让机器中的衣服产生更多的摩擦，想要减少能源成本，但这些会导致微塑料排放更多。由此可推测出，能源使用和微塑料排放是一个进退两难的问题。catch-22意为“左右为难，两难情形”，与A项“一个难对付的问题”意思最接近。故选A。14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“So,usingPatagoniaclothesastestcases,Samsungcameupwithatwo-foldsolution:OneisatechnologycalledEco-bubbles,whichcreatesmorebubblestomakethedetergent(洗涤剂)morepowerful,andtheotherisawaterpurifierthatcanfilter(过滤)outmoremicro-plastics.(因此，三星以巴塔哥尼亚的衣服为测试案例，提出了一个双重解决方案：一种方法是一种名为Eco-bubbles的技术，它可以产生更多的气泡，使洗涤剂效果更强；另一种是净水器，可以过滤掉更多的微塑料。)”可知，使用Eco-bubbles技术和净水器均可以减少微塑料的排放。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thecooperationbetweenthetwocompaniesisproofofhowcomplicatedprotectingtheenvironmentcanbe.(这两家公司的合作证明了保护环境是多么复杂。)”可知，这两家公司的合作表明了保护环境的复杂。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sagreatfeelingwhensomeonegivesyouacompliment(赞美),isn’tit?___16___Whenyoucomplimentsomeone,he/shewillbecomeopenandbegintotalkwithyou.Howdoyougiveanappropriatecompliment,though?It’simportanttobesincereandspecificaboutyourpraise.Whensomeonedoesanactivityorataskparticularlywelllethim/herknowaboutitbysaying“Youdidagreatjob!”____17____Forexample,“Thatwasagreatpresentation!Iparticularlylikedthefunnyexamplesyouused.”___18___Youcanuse“Ilike”or“Ilove”tostartcompliments,especiallyifsomeonewearsanewcoatorhasanewhaircut.Forexample,“Iloveyourhairtoday”or“Ilikeyourskirt”.Whenyou’veboughtsomethingnew,itfeelsgreatwhenotherpeopleareexcitedaboutit.Forexample,ifyoutakeoutyournewmobilephoneandacolleaguesays,“Whatacoolphone!”,itmakesyoufeellikeyoumadetherightdecisiontobuyit._____19_____Complimentsomeoneontheirpersonalitiesandyou'llmakeanewfriend.Forexample,ifyoulikehowhappyacoworkeris,youcantellhim/her,“Youarealwayssohappy.Itmakesmydaybetter.”___20___Ifyoulikehoworganizedanothercolleagueis,tellhim/her,“Ireallyappreciatehoworganizedyouare.Iwouldlovetobeasorganizedasyou.”A.It’sausefulwaytostartaconversation,too.B.Everyonelikescomplimentsabouttheirappearance.C.Becarefulwithcomplimentsaboutappearance,though.D.So,trygivingsomeoneacomplimentandseetheirreaction.E.Returnthefavorbycomplimentingothersonnicethingstheyown.F.Tomakethecomplimentmoremeaningful,makeitmorespecific.G.Usecomplimentslikethisforanyqualitythatyouappreciateinaperson.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.E20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章建议读者为与他人很好的开始谈话和沟通，可以对对方的优点进行赞美。【16题详解】根据下文“Whenyoucomplimentsomeone,he/shewillbecomeopenandbegintotalkwithyou.(当你赞美某人时，他/她会敞开心扉，开始和你交谈)”可知，作者认为赞美对方可以使他/她愿意交谈。由此可知，A.It’sausefulwaytostartaconversation,too.(这也是开始谈话的一种有用的方式)符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】根据上文“Whensomeonedoesanactivityorataskparticularlywell,lethim/herknowaboutitbysaying“Youdidagreatjob!”(当某人把一项活动或一项任务做得特别好时，你可以说：‘干得真棒’)”及下文“Forexample,“Thatwasagreatpresentation!Iparticularlylikedthefunnyexamplesyouused.”(例如，这是一个很棒的演讲！我特别喜欢你举的那些有趣的例子。”)”可知，下文的赞美的例子比空前的赞美更具体。由此可知，F.Tomakethecomplimentmoremeaningful,makeitmorespecific.(为了让赞美更有意义，要更具体)符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Youcanuse“Ilike”or“Ilove”tostartcompliments,especiallyifsomeonewearsanewcoatorhasanewhaircut.Forexample,“Iloveyourhairtoday”or“Ilikeyourskirt”.(你可以用‘我喜欢’或‘我喜爱’来开始赞美，特别是当某人穿了一件新外套或换了一个新发型时。例如，‘我喜欢你今天的发型’或‘我喜欢你的裙子’)”可知，本段作者在建议读者赞美对方的外表。由此可知，B.Everyonelikescomplimentsabouttheirappearance.(每个人都喜欢别人称赞自己的外表)符合语境。故选B项。【19题详解】本小题为段落小标题。根据下文“Complimentsomeoneontheirpersonalitiesandyou’llmakeanewfriend.Forexample,ifyoulikehowhappyacoworkeris,youcantellhim/her,“Youarealwayssohappy.Itmakesmydaybetter.”(例如，如果你喜欢一个同事的快乐，你可以告诉他/她：‘你总是那么快乐。这让我的一天更美好。’)”及“Ifyoulikehoworganizedanothercolleagueis,tellhim/her,“Ireallyappreciatehoworganizedyouare.Iwouldlovetobeasorganizedasyou.”(如果你喜欢另一个同事做事有条理，告诉他/她：‘我真的很欣赏你做事有条理。我希望能像你一样有条理’)”可知，本段在建议赞美对方所拥有的美好的地方。由此可知，E.Returnthefavorbycomplimentingothersonnicethingstheyown.(回报你的好意，赞美别人拥有的美好之处)符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】根据下文“Ifyoulikehoworganizedanothercolleagueis,tellhim/her,“Ireallyappreciatehoworganizedyouare.Iwouldlovetobeasorganizedasyou.”(如果你喜欢另一个同事做事有条理，告诉他/她：‘我真的很欣赏你做事有条理。我希望能像你一样有条理’)”可知，此处举例赞美你欣赏对方的地方。由此可知，G.Usecomplimentslikethisforanyqualitythatyouappreciateinaperson.(对于你欣赏的人身上的任何品质，你都可以这样赞美)符合语境，likethis呼应下面的距离，appreciate呼应下文Ireallyappreciate和Iwouldlove。故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenJuliacameuponanumberofsketches(草图)hergrandmotherhadmadedecadesago,theytookherbreathaway.Shealreadyhadavery___21___relationshipwithhergrandmother.Hergrandmotherhadhelped___22___Julia.Shewasathergrandmother’shousenearlyeverydaywhengrowingup.However,thiswassomethingelse.Shewantedtoknowthestory.Inthe1940s,Julia’sgrandmotherhadbeenadmittedtoa___23___school.Beforeshecouldcompletehercoursesandmakeacareerforherself,shehadto___24___tosupportherfamilyfinancially.Itwasa(n)___25___dreamhergrandmothersetasidealongwithmanysketchesshehadmade.Decadeslater,though,thegranddaughteralsodevelopeda___26___forfashion.AndwhenJuliafoundthosesketches,shefeltyetanother___27___betweenherandhergrandmother.Shewasinspiredtobringthesesketchesto___28___forhergrandmother.TheonlyproblemwasthatJuliadidn’tknowsewing(缝纫).Shedidn’tletthat___29___her.GettingmaterialsfromsecondhandshopsandwatchingYouTubevideos,Juliataughtherself___30___tosew.Andwhenshepostedthe___31___fromsketchestorealityofoneofhergrandmother’sideas,thevideobecamepopularonline___32___,hergrandmotherwasalsoimpressedwithherfashiontalent.Juliaisnotsurewheretheprojectwilltakeher,buthermain___33___isjusthavingfunwithGrandmadoingthesevideos,___34___timewithhergrandmother.It’sinspiringtoseesuchanintimate,intergenerationalrelationship—twowomenconnectthrougha___35___interest.21.A.close B.strange C.steady D.poor22.A.transform B.train C.motivate D.raise23.A.law B.language C.fashion D.drama24.A.takeoff B.settledown C.startover D.dropout25.A.lifelong B.romantic C.impossible D.unfinished26.A.passion B.request C.schedule D.platform27.A.barrier B.bond C.division D.distinction28.A.life B.career C.school D.office29.A.upset B.slow C.distract D.stop30.A.how B.what C.why D.where31.A.journey B.evidence C.method D.vision32.A.Luckily B.Naturally C.Gradually D.Instantly33.A.role B.problem C.reason D.focus34.A.sparing B.killing C.enjoying D.saving35.A.shared B.particular C.delightful D.keen【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.D25.D26.A27.B28.A29.D30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Julia和她的祖母关系很好。她的祖母小时候对设计服装非常感兴趣，并考上了一所时装学校，但是因为家里条件不允许，所以中途辍学了。Julia也对时尚非常的感兴趣，她把奶奶画完的草图变成了现实，并把这个过程发布到了YouTube上，受到了大家的欢迎。Julia觉得这样做让祖母和她之间的关系更加亲密了。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她和祖母的关系已经很亲密了。A.close亲密的；B.strange奇怪的；C.steady稳定的；D.poor贫穷的。根据下文“Shewasathergrandmother’shousenearlyeverydaywhengrowingup.”可知，Julia在祖母家长大，所以她和祖母的关系非常亲密。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的祖母帮助抚养朱莉娅。A.transform变换；B.train培训；C.motivate激励；D.raise抚养。根据下文“Shewasathergrandmother'shousenearlyeverydaywhengrowingup.”可知，Julia在祖母家长大，所以Julia是