世界卫生组织-分析从各国政府和有关当局收集的第二轮数据

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TheGlobalActionPlanforHealthyLivesandWell-beingforAll(SDG3GAP)

AnalyzingaSecondRoundofDataCollectedfromNationalGovernmentsandRelevantAuthorities

ExecutiveSummary

S1.AspartofthemonitoringoftheSDG3GAP,nationalgovernmentsandresponsibleauthoritieswereaskedtorespondtoquestionsconcerningtheirhealthcoordinationenvironment.Thisisthesecondtimethisisbeingdone,thefirstwasin2021-22.Thisdocumentpresentsanalysisofthisroundofresponsesmakingcomparisonswiththefirstroundwherepossible.Inthefirstround,75focalpointswerenominated.Ofthese,52(69%)responded.Inthesecondround,62focalpointswerenominatedwith37(60%)responding.Responserateswerehighestinlow-incomeandlower-middle-incomecountries.Atotalof22countriessubmittedresponsestobothreportingrounds.

S2.Focalpointswereaskedtorespondtoanumberofagree/disagreestatementsregardingtheirhealthcoordinationenvironment.Responseswereconvertedtonumericalscores.Overall,therewasaslightfallinaveragescorebetweenthetworoundsbothinresponsesoverallandamongthosecountriesthatrespondedinbothrounds.

S3.Inaddition,focalpointswereaskedtoprovidenarrativeresponsestoanumberofqualitativequestionsincludingdocumentingchangesfromthelastroundofreporting.Somecountriesprovidedclearexamplesofpositivechangesthathadoccurredbetweenthereportingrounds.Inaddition,analysisoftheseresponsesidentifiedarangeofgoodpracticesthatweresimilarinnaturetothoseidentifiedinthefirstroundofreporting.Challengeswerealsoanalyzedinasimilarwaytothefirstroundidentifyingfactorsthatwereprimarilylocalandthosewhichwereprimarilyrelatedtoanagencyoragencies.

S4.Eachfocalpointidentifiedcorrectivemeasuresneededtoimprovetheirhealthcoordinationenvironment.Whiletheseclearlyvaryaccordingtonationalcontext,thereweresomecommonthemesacrossbothreportingroundsincludingtheneedtostrengthenthecoordinationcapacityofleadministriesandtomakeprogressinfourpracticalareas–coordinationmechanisms,planning,financingandmonitoring/evaluation/reporting.

S5.Inconclusion,responsesareusefultoSDG3GAPagenciesbyidentifyingcross-countryissueswhichneedtobeaddressedtoimprovethehealthcoordinationenvironment.Theyalsoshowthatanimprovedhealthcoordinationenvironmenthastangibleeffectsonhealthandhealthprogrammes.Inaddition,somecountriesdirectlyrelateimprovementsinthehealthcoordinationenvironmenttoSDG3GAP.

S6.Quantitativeanalysisdoesnotshowanysubstantivechangeinhealthcoordinationenvironmentacrosscountriesasawhole.Thisisperhapstobeexpectedgiventherelativelyshortperiodbetweenthetwosurveys.Inaddition,thenumberofcountrieswhorespondedinbothrounds(22)isrelativelysmall.

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S7.Responsesarelikelytobeofmostuseatcountrylevel.Onedistinctivefeatureofthissurveyisthatitprovidesnationalgovernmentsopportunitytorateandcommentontheextenttowhichdevelopmentpartnersareoperatinginanalignedandcoordinatedmanner.Thisisincontrasttothemoreusualsituationwheredevelopmentpartnersareassessingandcommentingontheperformanceofnationalgovernments.

Introduction

1.Inlinewiththe

SDG3GAP2021monitoringframework,

nationalgovernmentsandrelevantauthoritieswereaskedtoprovideresponsestoashortquestionnaireontheirhealthcoordinationenvironmentin2021/22andin2023/24(seeAnnex1).Thisreportpresentsananalysisofthoseresponsescomparingthetworoundsofresponses.Itstartsbydescribingtheresponsesreceivedandthenpresentsanalysisofthequantitativeandqualitativedatacollected.

Responsesreceived

2.InOctober2021,acircularletterwassentbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)toallitsMemberStatestoinformthemaboutthemonitoringframeworkoftheGlobalActionPlanforHealthyLivesandWellbeing(SDG3GAP).Low-andlower-middleincomecountrieswerespecificallyinvitedtonominateafocalpointtofilloutthequestionnairetocapturecountryperceptionsofcollaborationamongdevelopmentpartners.Therationalforfocusingonlow-andlower-middleincomecountrieswasthatthesecountriestendtohavemoreactivedevelopmentpartnerengagement.Inthefirstround,75focalpointswerenominatedandwereinvitedtorespondtothequestionnairethroughanonlineplatformmanagedbytheWHO-hostedSecretariatoftheSDG3GAP.Among55lower-middle-incomesettings,39(71%)nominatedafocalpointandamong27low-incomecountries22(82%)nominatedafocalpoint.Inaddition,14upper-middle-orhigh-incomecountriesnominatedfocalpoints.

3.Asimilarprocesswasfollowedinthesecondround.Atotalof62focalpointswerenominated.Ofthecountriesandresponsibleauthoritiesrepresentedbythesefocalpoints,most(33,61%)hadparticipatedinthefirstround.However,33countriesthatnominatedafocalpointinthefirstrounddidnotdosointhesecondround.29countrieswhodidnotnominateafocalpointinthefirstround

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didsointhesecondround.Thismeansthat,acrossthetworounds,atleast95countriesandresponsibleauthoritieshavenominatedfocalpoints.

4.Inthefirstroundofthe75focalpoints,61(81%)werefromlow-orlower-middle-incomesettings.Inthesecondround,morethanhalfoffocalpoints(33of62,53%)werefromlow-orlower-middleincomesettings.Thenumberoffocalpointsfromlow-incomecountriesreducedfrom22to13whilethenumberfromlower-middle-incomesettingsreducedfrom39to20.Thenumberoffocalpointsfromupper-middleorhigh-incomecountrieswentupfrom14to29.

5.Inthefirstround,52of75(69%)focalpointsresponded.However,thisproportionfellslightlyinthesecondroundwith37of62(60%)havingrespondedtodate.

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Inthefirstround,threequartersofnationalgovernmentsandrelevantauthoritiesinlow-andlower-middle-incomesettingsthatnominatedafocalpoint(46of61,75%)responded.Inthesecondround,thisproportionwassimilar,with24of33(73%)nationalgovernmentsandresponsibleauthoritiesinlow-andlower-middle-income

1Therewereeightupper-middleorhigh-incomecountriesthatidentifiedafocalpointinthefirstroundthatwerenotspecificallyidentified.

2Thequestionnaireisstillopenforfurtherresponses.

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settingsthatnominatedafocalpointresponding.Inthefirstround,therewerehighresponseratesinAFR(29of34,85%)andEMR(9of12,75%)withmodestresponseratesinSEAR(4of6,67%)andWPR(2of4,50%)andlowresponseratesinAMR(6of15,40%)andEUR(2of5,40%).Inthesecondround,AFR(14of18,78%),EMR(9of13,69%)andSEAR(3of3,100%)hadthehighestresponseratesamongcountriesandresponsibleauthoritiesthathadnominatedfocalpoints.Otherregionswerelower(AMR6of13,46%,EUR4of12,33%andWPR1of3,33%).Ofallthenationalgovernmentsandrelevantauthoritiesthatnominatedafocalpoint,responseratewashighestamonglow-incomecountries(19of22,86%inround1and12of13,92%inround2),thenamonglower-middle-incomesettings(27of39,69%inround1and12of20,60%inround2)andthenamongothercountries(6of14,43%inround1and13of29,45%inround2)(seeFigure1).

Figure1:Percentageofnationalgovernmentsandrelevantauthoritiesthatnominatedafocalpointwho

respondedineachoftworounds:AnalysisbyWHOregion,WorldBankincomegroupandoverall

6.Ofthe37countriesrespondingtothesecondroundquestionnaire,22hadalsorespondedinthefirstround.

7.Ingeneral,thequestionsappeartohavebeenwellunderstoodwithveryappropriateresponsesgiven.

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Quantitativeanalysis

8.Inthefirstround,thequestionnairehadsixstatementstowhichfocalpointswereaskedtorespondastotheextenttheyagreedwitheachstatement.Thereweretwogeneralstatementsaboutthehealthcoordinationenvironmentfollowedbyfourmorespecificstatements.Inthesecondround,thefinalquestionwassplitintotwo.ThesestatementsareshowninBox1.

Box1:Statementsconcerningthehealthcoordinationenvironmenttowhichfocalpointswereaskedtheextenttowhichtheyagreedordisagreed

General

Thesupportreceivedfromdevelopmentpartnersiswell-alignedwithnationalplans

Developmentpartnerscoordinatewellwitheachotheroverthesupporttheyprovide

Specific

Developmentpartnersprovidefinancialsupportinlinewithnationalbudgetpriorities

Developmentpartnersusenationalmonitoringsystemsandreports

Developmentpartnerscoordinatetheiractivities,includinghavingajointtechnicalassistanceplan

Developmentpartnersmakeuseofnationalcoordinationmechanismsanddonotseektoestablishtheirownparallelmechanisms(Round1only)

Developmentpartnersmakeuseofnationalcoordinationmechanisms(Round2only)

Developmentpartnersdonotseektoestablishtheirownparallelmechanisms(Round2only)

9.Thequestionnaireandresponsestoithavesomelimitationswhichneedtobekeptinmindwhenreviewingthedatacollected(seeBox2).

Box2:Limitationsofthequestionnaireandresponsestoit

First,inbothrounds,theresponseratewaslessthan100%.Inthereportofthefirstround,itwasexpectedthatthenumberofresponseswouldincreasewithsubsequentrounds.However,thisdidnotoccurinthesecond

round.Therewasareductioninthenumberoffocalpointandintheresponseratebyfocalpoints.Second,theinformationisself-reportedoftenbyasingle,albeitsenior,representativenominatedbythegovernment.Theperceptionsreportedmaynotfullyreflecttheperceptionsofotheractorsortheactualsituation.However,thecoverletterforthesecondroundsoughttomitigatethisriskbystating“itshouldbecompletedbythemost

senior,relevantpublicofficial/civilservantinhealth,suchasaPermanentSecretary,ortheirdelegate,suchasaDirectorofPlanning.Thenationalgovernmentshoulddecidewhoisthemostappropriatepersontocomplete

thequestionnaire.Theresponseneedstobeformallyendorsedonbehalfofthegovernment,forexamplebyaseniorrepresentativeoftheMinistryofHealth.’Cautionisneededinmakinginter-countrycomparisonsas

differentfocalpointsmayhaveansweredquestionsdifferently.Similarly,cautionisneededinmaking

comparisonsbetweenroundsasthesamerespondentmaynothaveansweredoneachoccasion.Third,the

responsemaybeshapedbysocialdesirabilitybias,namelyareluctancetoexpressviewsthatmightleadtolessfundingortechnicalsupport.Thedegreetowhichthismaybeafactorprobablyvariesfromrespondentto

respondent.Inaddition,itappearsitmayapplymoretothequantitative(agree/disagree)questionsasthe

qualitativeresponsesprovidemorefrankorcriticalremarks.Itisthereforeimportanttoconsiderthequalitativeresponsesalongsidethequantitativeones.Givenlikelydesirabilitybias,ratingsandcommentsthatindicate

needforimprovementbecomeevenmorecompelling.

10.Table1showstheresponsesreceivedinthesecondround.Colourcodingisusedasfollows–redforstronglydisagree,amberfordisagree,yellowforneitheragreeordisagree,lightgreenforagreeanddarkgreenforstronglyagree.Theintentionwasthatfocalpointassessmentsinthefirstroundwouldbeusedtoconsidertrendsovertime.Theextenttowhichthiswaspossiblesofarislimitedbythenumberofcountriesthathaverespondedinbothrounds.However,analysisofthosecountriesisalsoprovidedinTable1.

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Table1:Responsesbyfocalpointstostatementsonhealthcoordinationenvironmentinsecondroundofreporting2023/4Colourcoding–red–stronglydisagree,amber–disagree,yellow–neitheragreeordisagree,lightgreen–agreeanddarkgreen–stronglyagree.CountriesreportinginbothroundsinBOLDCAPITALS.Arrowsindicatethedirectionofchangesincethelastroundofreporting.Thenumberofarrowsdenotestheextentofthatchange.

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11.Inbothrounds,scoreswerecalculatedbyconvertingtonumericalvaluesonthebasisofstronglydisagreebeingzero,disagreebeingone,neitheragreeordisagreebeingtwo,agreebeingthreeandstronglyagreebeingfour.Inthefirstround,thereweresixstatements,whichgaveascoreoutof24whichwasthenconvertedtoapercentage.Asimilarapproachwasusedinthesecondround.

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Inthefirstroundscoresrangedfrom17-92%andinround2from25-88%.

12.Overallaveragescoresfellslightlyfrom64%inthefirstroundto58%

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inthesecondround.Cautionisneededininterpretingthesefiguresasthecountriesandresponsibleauthoritiesinthetworoundsarenotthesame.

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Itmaybewisertolookataveragescoresforonlythe22countriesthatrespondedinbothrounds.Theseshowedasimilarbutlesserfallfrom61%inround1to58%inround2.

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13.Figure2showsoverallscoresforallresponsesinbothrounds.ItalsoanalysesscoresbyWHOregionandbyincomelevel.Inround1,averagescoresrangedfrom71%forEURandWPRto55%forEMR.Inround2,averagescorerangedfrom64%forAFRto45%forAMR.Cautionisneededininterpretingthesefiguresasnumbersofrespondingfocalpoints,exceptinWHO’sAfricanregion(AFR)andEasternMediterraneanregion(EMR),aresmall(0-6).

Figure2:PercentagescoreforsixquestionsbyWHOregion,countryincomelevelandoverallacrosstworoundsofreporting

3Threeoptionswereconsideredforthis.Scorescouldbecountedforallsevenstatementswithapercentagethencalculatedbydividingby28.Ineffect,thiswouldbegivingmoreweighttowhatwasstatementsixinRound1.Alternativeswouldbetouse

eitherresponsestothenewstatementsixorthenewstatementseven.Thiswouldleavetheweightingasitwasinround1.All

threeapproacheswerecalculatedandthesemadelittledifferenceinpractice.Inthisdocument,scoreshavebeenusedbasedonstatements1-5and7.

4Thisfigurevariedfrom58-61%dependingonwhichofthethreecalculationmethodswasused.

5Inaddition,thesplittingofstatementsixmeansthatthecalculationmethodsarenotidentical.

6Thefigureforround2variedfrom58-61%dependingonwhichofthethreecalculationmethodswasused.

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14.Inaddition,thecountriesandresponsibleauthoritiesthatrespondedinthesetworoundsarenotthesame.Itisnotpossibleormeaningfultodothissub-analysisonlyforthosecountriesthatrespondedinbothrounds.Thisisbecausethenumberswerelowandonlythreeregionswererepresentedbymorethanonecountry.

15.Intermsofanalysisbyincomegroup,inthefirstround,higherscoreswereassociatedwithincomelevel.Forexample,averagepercentagescoreswere59%forlow-incomecountries,66%forlower-middle-incomesettingsand68%forupper-middle-incomecountries.However,thispatternwasnotseeninround2.

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Cautionisneededasthenumbersweresmallparticularlyinround2.

16.Itisalsopossibletoanalyzeaveragescoresacrossallresponsesbyquestion/statement(seeFigure3).Cautionisneededininterpretingthisgraphasthenumbersaresmallandrespondersvaryovertime.Itprobablymakesmoresensetoconductthisanalysisforonlythosecountriesthatrespondedinbothrounds.ThisisdoneinFigure4.Thisshowsthatforalmostallquestions

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,therewasanincreaseinscorebetweenrounds.

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Overall,thenumberofnetcategorychangesacrosssixstatementsforthe21countrieswas-2.

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Thismeansthat,onaverage,eachcountrymadealossof0.1categoriesacrosssixstatements.

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Thismeanstherewas,onaverage,littlechangereportedacrossthese22countries.Thisaveragemaskswidevariationbetweencountriesrangingfrom-9to+14.

Figure3:Averagescoresforeachofthesixquestions/statementsacrosstworoundsofreporting:Allresponses

7Averagescoreswere57%forLIC,63%forLMIC,50%forUMICand59%forHIC.

8Exceptthefirsttwo.

9Thiswasseenforbothstatementsinround2thatreplacedquestionsixinround1.Onbalance,scoreswerelowerforavoidanceofparallelmechanismsthanforuseofnationalmechanismsmakingthisabettermoredifferentiatingstatement.Consideration

mightbegiventodroppingthecurrentstatement6inanyfutureround.

10Thisexcludesgainsforthecurrentstatementsix.Ifthatisincluded,thegainsare+9.

11Whereanimprovement,e.g.fromNeithertoAgreeisonecategorygain.

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Figure4:Averagescoresforeachofthesixquestions/statementsacrosstworoundsofreporting:

Countriesrespondinginbothroundsonly(n=22)Thenumberinthecircledenotesanymovementfrom

thelastroundofreporting.So,ifthegradeisthesame,e.g.Agree,thisisdenotedas0.Ifthereis

improvementinonegrade,e.g.fromNeithertoAgree,thisisdenotedas1andifitmovedtostrongly

agreethiswouldbedenotedas2.Ifthereisdeteriorationofonegrade,e.g.fromAgreetoNeither,thisisdenotedas-1.ThisisthesameasTable1exceptthesenumbersareaggregatedfor22countries.So,ascoreof22wouldmeanthat,onaverage,eachcountryhadimprovedbyonecategory.

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17.Attemptsweremadetoseeifqualitativeresponsesbyfocalpointsappearedtomatchthechangeinquantitativescoreinthecountrieswiththethreehighestandtwolowestscores.

18.Thereappearedtobecorrelationintwocountrieswithhighscoresforimprovement.MozambiquereportedthatUNagenciesandtheMinistryofHealth(MoH)signedthe

KayaKwangacodeofconduct

inMarch2023,establishingalignmentwiththenationalprioritiesofhealthsector.However,thisdoesnotappeartohavebeennewbutanupdatingofapreviousagreement.Nevertheless,thisagreementestablishesacoordinationmechanismbetweentheMoHandpartnerswithregularmeetings.ItalsoestablishesthematictechnicalworkinggroupsandallowsimplementationofintegratedsupervisionamongMoHandpartners.Thefocalpointcommentedthat“thereisanimprovementoncoordinationmechanismwiththepartners.Thepartnershavemoreinteresttojointhecoordinationmechanism.ThepartnersfullyparticipatedduringthehighlevelofMoHannualcoordinationmeetingsin2023.”

19.SierraLeonereportedthatcoordinationthroughcoordinationmeetings,liketechnicalworkinggroups(TWGs)hadbeentheirmajorsuccessinaligningpartners'support.Duringsuchmeetings,theministrydelineateditsprioritiesforthesector.Developmentpartnersthencommittedtosupporttheimplementationofthosepriorities.Thefocalpointalsoreportedthatsomepartnersarechangingslowlyfromdirectimplementationwhichisconsideredtoweakengovernmentsystemsandwhichlowerspartneraccountability.

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20.ItwaslesseasytomatchqualitativeimprovementstobetterquantitativescoresinCaboVerdenotleastbecausethefocalpointdidnotanswertherelevantquestion.However,thefocalpointdidnotethattheprimaryachievementhadbeentheprovisionoftechnicalassistanceandfundingwithoutduplication.

21.Ingeneral,itwasdifficulttomatchdeclinesinquantitativescoreswithqualitativeremarks.BothEgyptandGambiareportedmildpositiveprogresssincethelastrounddespitedeteriorationinscores.Egyptconsideredthattherehadbeenmildimprovementinthecollaborationandalignmentamongdevelopmentpartnerssincethefirstround.Nevertheless,problemsofoverlappingfundingmechanismsandimproperidentificationofrelevantstakeholdersremained.GambianotedthatmorepartnersarenowimplementingthroughtheMOHProjectCoordinationUnit.However,whiletheIHP+compacthasbeendevelopedandsigned,implementationofthisremainsachallenge.Thereareinadequatelevelsofstewardshipandcontinuationofexternalfunding.Externalfundingisnotalwaysalignedtocountryprioritiesinthecontextoflimitedresources.

22.Onequestionwhicharisesiswhetherreportedchangesinaparticularcountryreflectactualchangeinthecoordinationenvironmentorcouldbeareportingartefact,forexamplewheredifferentpeoplereportinthetwodifferentroundsreflectingdifferentperspectivesofthesameenvironment.BasedoninformationprovidedbytheSDG3GAPSecretariat,thefocalpointswerethesameinbothroundsin17of22countries.Infivecountries

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anewfocalpointwasreported.Onaverage,therewasnodifferenceinthelevelofchangereportedbycountrieswherethefocalpointchangedascomparedtowherethefocalpointremainedthesame(0.40vs0.41acrosssixstatements

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).However,cautionisneededininterpretingthesefiguresasthenumberofcountriesinwhichthefocalpointchangedislow.Inaddition,therecouldbevariationinpeoplereportingevenwherethemainfocalpointisunchanged.Forexample,Bulgariahadthesamefocalpointacrossbothroundsbut,inansweringquestion5aboutchangebetweenrounds,therespondentstated“Ihavenotbeenapartofthepreviousfeedbackprocess”.Similarly,Zimbabwehadthesamefocalpointbuttherespondentcommented“notsureoftheresponsetheprevioustimeitwasrespondedto”.

12Guatemala,Mozambique,NepalandPakistan.

13Forthisanalysis,statement6fromround1wascomparedwithstatement7fromround2.

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Qualitativeanalysis

23.Focalpointswereinvitedtogivefreetextresponsestoanumberofquestions.Thereweresomechangesinwordingbetweenround1and2.Inaddition,onequestionwasadded,seeBox3.

Box3:Questionsaskedoffocalpointstowhichfreetextresponsescouldbegiven.Additionsinround2areshowninitalics.

Whathavebeenthemainsuccessesintermsofdevelopmentpartnersaligningtheirsupportwithnationalplansandcoordinatingwitheachother?

Whathavebeenthemainchallengesandbottlenecksintermsofdevelopmentpartnersaligningtheirsupportwithnationalplansandcoordinatingwitheachother?

Whatcorrectivemeasurescouldbetakentoimprovealignmentbydevelopmentpartnerswithnationalplansandcoordinationwitheachother?

Howhasthecollaborationandalignmentamongdevelopmentpartnerschangedsinceyourgovernmentsuggestedcorrectivemeasuresthroughthepreviousquestionnaire?

IsthereanyinformationyouwishtosharewithWHOandothermultilateralagenciesbutyoudonotwishtobemadepubliclyavailable?

24.Theseresponseshavebeenanalyzedasfollows:

.Changessincethepreviousround

.Examplesofgoodpractice,includinganythingspecifictoSDG3GAP

.Challengesincludinglocalfactors,agencyfactorsandotherfactors

.Specificsuggestionsforcorrectivemeasures.

ChangessincethePreviousRound

25.Inadditiontothechangesreportedabove,anumberofothercountriesreportedpositivechangessincethelastroundofreporting,seeBox4.

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14Thisincludedsomecountrieswhodidnotreportinround1.Forexample,Côted’Ivoirereportedthatalignmenthadimproved

althoughchallengesremained.InJordan,thefocalpointreportedthatchangehadhappenedastheconceptandgoalsbecame

clearerandeffortwasmadetoensurethateachpartner’scontributionwaseffective.InSlovakia,nationalauthoritiesactively

engagewithpartnersthroughnewcoordinationplatformsatnationallevel,e.g.theRefugeeCoordinationForum.ThisisaplatformwhereministriesmeetwithnationalandinternationalactorsinthecontextofUkrainecrisismanagement.InSudan,theFMoHhadbeenabletocoordinateanannualplanningmeetingeveryyearformorethanfiveyears.Thisiswherealldevelopmentpartners,

Statesandothersectorsattendandagreeonthenationalplan,andthesupporttheyaregoingtoprovideforit.Thailandreportedthatcollaborationandalignmentamongdevelopmentpartnerswascontinuing.InTogo,ithadbeenpossibletocreatejointworkplanswhichwasconsideredanexampleoftheestablishmentofsectoralpoliticaldialogueframeworks.

15Somecountriesthathadreportedpreviouslydidnotrespondtothisquestion.Insomecases,e.g.BulgariaandZimbabwe,thiswasbecauseofchangeoffocalpointand/ornotknowingwhathadbeenreportedbefore.Inothercases,e.g.Morocco,no

explanationwasgiven.

16Insomecountries,e.g.Haiti,PakistanandUganda,thefocalpointdidanswerthequestionandnotedthattherewasnotmuchchange.InYemen,theanswertothisquestionwasmoreinlinewithwhatconstructivemeasuresarestillneeded.

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Box4:Examplesofpositivechangesreportedbycountriessincethelastroundofreporting

InEthiopia,theHealthHarmonizationandAlignment(HHM)guideisunderreviewtoallowstrongcoordinationandtoalleviatethegapsreported.

InRwanda,thefocalpointreportedstrengtheningofthecapabilitiesoftechnicalworkinggroupsthatunitedevelopment

partnerswithgovernmenthealthinstitutionstodiscussadvancedhealthstrategiesandinterventions.Thesediscussionsalsoencompassbudgetimplementationandrelatedchallenges,andtheperformanceofhealthindicators,amongothertopics.

Senegalreportedthatthealignmentofvariouspartnershadgreatlyimproved.Almostallofthemwerenowalignedwithcountrypriorities.

IntheSyrianArabRepublic,therewasjointplanningwithUNpartnersandtheUNSFwasendorsed.

ExamplesofGoodPractice

26.Anumberofexamplesofgoodpracticewereidentifiedinround1andfurtherexploredinround2,seeBox5.

Box5:Examplesofgoodpractice

.Clearprinciplesonwhichalignmentandcooperationcanbebased

.Aformalagreementbetweengovernmentanddevelopmentpartnersforhowdevelopmentassistancewillbeprovided

.Anoperatingframeworkforhowdevelopmentassistancewillbeprovided

.Adocument,suchasahealthsectorstrategicplan,aroundwhichdevelopmentpartnerscanaligntheirsupport

.Essentialhealthpackagesaspartofanationalhealthplan

.Nationalcoordinationmechanismsforthehealthsector

.Planningmatters

.Fundingmatters

.Jointprogramming

.Monitoringmatters

.Reporting

.Relationshipsmatter

.COVID-19