Unit4-九年级英语上册单元速记巧练（牛津上海版）（原卷版）

Unit4putersputers话题计算机词汇bar,tiny,depend,realize,super,rarely,type,importantly,operate,meaning,true,raise,obey,program,mand,drive,over,writing短语句型monknowledgeforthetimebeing暂时ableto能，会havenothingtodo无事可做beunawareof未注意到beawareof注意到bebetterthan…at(doing)sth比……更擅长于（做）某事forthesereasons由于这些原因millionsof成千上万的……;无数的……语法形容词副词比较级&最高级考点1.barn.条，块【例题】e.g.abarofchocolate/soap一条巧克力／肥皂Thekidsnevereatcandybars.孩子们从来不吃糖棒。【拓展】【友情提示】bar还可表示“柜台”的意思。e.g.ItwassocrowdedIcouldn'tgettothebar.人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。考点2.dependv.依靠，依赖【例题】e.g.Trytoguess.Donotdependonyourdictionaryallthetime.猜猜看。不要总是依赖你的字典。【拓展】【知识拓展】Thatdepends.[口]要看情况而定。Italldepends.[口]要看情况而定。Youmaydependuponit.[口]肯定无疑；放心好了。考点3.realizev.意识到，认识到【例句】e.g.Ididn’trealizeyouweregoingtoleave.我不知道你准备走了。Jackierealizedthathehaddonewrong.杰克意识到自己错了。【拓展】【指点迷津】realize,understandrealize与understand是近义词，共同的含义是“意识到，弄明白”常常可以互换使用。e.g.Buttheydon'trealize/understandoneimportantthing.但是有一件重要的事他们不明白。Themanlaughedwhenherealized/understoodwhathadhappened.那个人明白所发生的事情时便哈哈大笑了起来。另外，realize可以表示“实现”。e.g.TheChinesepeoplearesuretorealizethemodernizationoftheircountry.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。而understand还可以表示“听懂，理解”。e.g.TheEnglishunderstandeachother,butIdon'tunderstandthem.英国人说话都能互相听懂，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。考点4.typev.（用文字处理系统或打字机）打字，打印【例句】e.g.Ican'ttypeasrapidlyasyou.我打字打得没你那么快。Everydayhetypedwhatheposed.他每天都用打字机把他创作的作品打下来。【拓展】【知识拓展】type还可以表示“类型，典型”。e.g.Thetypeofskirtisallthego.这种裙子很时髦。Heisafinetypeoftheyouth.他是青年人的一个典范。type在解释为“典型”时，它的形容词形式是typical。e.g.Thepictureistypicalofitskind.这幅画在同类绘画中有代表性。考点5..operatev.(1)操作；运转(2)动手术【例句】e.g.Doyouknowhowtooperatethisnewrecorder?你知道如何使用这部新的录音机吗？Nearlyallthetractorsoperateondieseloil.几乎所有的拖拉机都用柴油开动。e.g.Thedoctorsoperatedonherstomach.医生给她的胃动了手术。【拓展】【友情提示】“给某人做手术”常用词组operateonsb。e.g.Didyouoperateonthatpatient?你给那位病人做手术了吗？考点6.raisev.提出【例句】e.g.IwantedtoraiseaquestiontothechairmanbutinamomentIlostmynerve.我想向会议主席提一个问题，但立刻我又没有了勇气。【拓展】【知识拓展】我们还学过这个词的一些其他用法。e.g.Pleaseraiseyourhandsifyouhavequestions.有问题请举手。WewillraisesomemoneyforSPCA.我们将为动物保护协会集资。Peopleoftenraisedogsastheirpets.人们常将狗作为宠物来饲养。与raise词形比较接近的一个词是rise，意为“上升，升起”，是不及物动词，过去式、过去分词为rose,risen。e.g.Whatcausessealeveltorise?什么引起海平面上升？Thesunrisesintheeast.大阳从东方升起。考点7mandn.指令;命令【例句】e.g.Theputerwillobeyyourmandsquickly.计算机能够很快的听从你的指令。【拓展】【知识拓展】mand还可作动词，表示“命令”。e.g.Hemandedhismantoretreat.他命令手下撤退。Shemandedthereleaseoftheprisoners.她下令释放囚犯。mand较正式用词，强调权威性、全局性和强制性。order:普通用词，侧重指具体的命令。direction:正式用词，指口头或书面的指示或命令。内容不一定详尽，语气较缓和，不太强调强制性。也可指指导性的说明。instruction:书面用词，指不容违反、不容推翻的命令。也多指包含具体说明的指示。考点8.over超过【例句】e.g.Thegirldonatedover100bookstothechildreninWenchuandistrict.那个女孩子向汶川地区的孩子们捐赠了100多本书。Theoldmanisover90.这位老人90多岁了。【拓展】【知识拓展】在初中阶段，over用作介词的用法还有：(1)在……之上(反义词是under)e.g.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座桥。(2)遍及e.g.Therearetreesalloverourschool.我们学校遍地是树。Youshouldgooveryourlessonscarefully.你应该仔细地复习功课。(3)overprep.（指时间）在……期间e.g.Istayedathomeovertheholidays.假期中，我一直在家。语法精讲—形容词和副词的最高级和比较级同级比较用于两者之间的同级比较，表示“…和…一样”，其句型主要分两种："as+形容词/副词原级+as"的结构，表示前后两者的情况一样。他几乎像他姐姐一样勤奋。Hewasalmosthissister．在否定句中，用"notas/so+形容词/副词原级+as"结构，表示前者不如后者。在许多体育运动中，体能没有技巧重要。Inmanysportsphysicalfitnesstechnique.♥Attention♥如若第一个as/so后的形容词作定语修饰名词，应将该名词及有关修饰语都放在第一个as/so之后。You'vemadeasmanymistakesasIhave.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。人们普遍相信(一般认为),教学既是一门科学,也是一门艺术。It

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比较级:规则变化Americanelephantsarelarger,fiercerandmoredifficulttotamethanAsianelephants.比起亚洲大象，非洲大象更大，更凶猛，也更难驯服。Thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesea,thatisthesky;thereisonespectaclegranderthanthesky,thatistheinteriorofthesoul.VictorHugo★小试身手★三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。（head）事实胜于雄辩。（actions）迟到总比不到好。（late）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbad/badly/illmany/muchmorelittlefarfartherfarthest★真题试炼★Thismotorcycleisnotas_______asthatone,andituseslessgas.A. expensive B. lessexpensiveC. moreexpensive D. themostexpensiveHecanplaytennisbetterthan_______.A. anyboys B. anyotherboy C. anyboy D. anyotherJackisthesecond________studentinourclass.Heis________thanme.A. tallest;muchtaller B. tall;muchtallerC. tall;muchmoretaller D. tallest;muchmoretallerAftertwoyears'research,wenowhavea________betterunderstandingofthedisease.A. very B. far C. fairly D. quiteWhojumped_______ofallintheworld?A. longer B. longest C. farther D. farthestYouaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_______．A. abitmoreslowly B. slowlyabitmoreC. moreslowabit D. slowlymorebit形容词和副词的比较程度在形容词比较级前可以使用：alittle,abit,even,alot,agreatdeal,much,far等副词来表示比较级的程度。换言之，看到这些词就要考虑使用比较级。★小试身手★判断下面的搭配是否正确。morehighermoremuchhighermuchmorehighermuchhigheralotmuchalotmoremuchmoremuchmanymuchinterestingabitmoreinterestingalotinteresting alittlemoreinterestingevenlessinterestingalittlemostinteresting比较级的否定★小试身手★判断这句话语法上是否正确。Iamnottallerthanyou(are).（）♥Attention♥只能用notas…as或less（Iamnotastallasyouare.或Iamshorterthanyouare.）★小试身手★Youaremoreintelligentthanme.=I.=I.MadeinChinaproductsarelessexpensivethanmadeinUSAproducts.=MadeinChinaproductsaremadeinUSAproducts.FrenchismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.=EnglishFrench.=EnglishFrench.♥Attention♥notmorethan只可用在数字前，表示“仅仅”、“只有”，类似于only，强调少；而no＋比较级＋than用于否定双方，意为“和……一样不”。Thistesttakesnomorethanthirtyminutes.这个考试只要三十分钟。Youarenomorecarefulthanyourbrother.你和你弟弟一样不仔细。★小试身手★Theoldcarraceisnolessexcitingthanthemoderncarrace.他不比乞丐有钱。虽然起步晚，但是汤姆弹钢琴不比她差。他不比我幸运。9AU4词汇①9AU4单词表序号英文音标词性中文1/skriːn/n.屏幕2/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/v.辨认出；认识3/ˈdesktɒp/n.台式电脑4/ˈlæptɒp/n.便携式电脑5/ˈpɑːmtɒp/n.掌上电脑6/ˈtaɪnɪ/adj.极小的；微小的7/ˌʌnəˈweə/adj.没意识到；未察觉8没意识到；未察觉9/dɪˈpend/v.依靠；依赖10依靠；依赖11/ˈkɒmən/adj.常见的；普遍的12/ˈnɒlɪdʒ/n.知识；学问13常识14/reəlɪ/adv.罕有；很少；不常15/prɪnt/v.印刷；打印16/ɪmˈpɔːtəntlɪ/adv.重要地17/ˈɒpəreɪt/v.操作；控制；使运行18/ˈeərəpleɪn/n.飞机19/ˈspeɪsˌʃɪp/n.宇宙飞船；航天器20暂时；眼下21/ˈmiːnɪŋ/n.意义；意思22/kəˈmɑːnd/n.命令；指令23/ˌsiːdiːˈrɒm/n.只读光盘24/ˌdiːviːˈdiːˈrɒm/n.数字只读光盘25/ˈraɪtɪŋ/n.文章；著作26/əˈweə/adj.意识到27/ɔːdə/n.&v订购28/blæŋk/adj.空白的29/səˈplaɪ/n.贮备；供应量30/ˈkɒntækt/n.联系人31/ˈrefərəns/n.编号；参考32/ˈkwɒntətɪ/n.数量33/leŋθ/n.长度34/siːt/n.座位35/piːk/n.山顶；山峰36/kɔːt/n.公寓大楼37/ˈdɪstəns/n.距离；间距

②9AU4词性转换整理1adj.准确的adv.准确地2adj.意识到adj.没意识到3v.计算n.计算器n.计算4v.依靠，依赖n.依赖的，依靠的n.独立的，有主见的5v.知道，了解；认识；懂得n.知识，学问6v.意思是；意味着n.意思7n.长度adj.（时间）长的，（距离）远的8v.坐n.座位9v.说；讲；谈话；发言n.扬声器；喇叭n.演讲；说话③U4词组整理(=thesamesizeas…)和……一样大Laptopsarethesizeofbigbooks.=Laptopsarethesamesizeasbigbook.没意识到……Otherkindsofputersaresotinythatyoumaybeunawareofthem.依靠；依赖Youprobablydependonputersmorethanyourealize.常识Itismonknowledgethatputersaresupercalculators.(=)现在，目前IsaputerclevererthanIam?Theanswertothisquestionis,forthetimebeing,‘No’.raise/rise的区别raise（及物动词，后要接宾语）举起，提升，增高，提出Heraisedhisvoiceinordertobeheardbyeveryone.Pleaseraiseyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.EverymorningweareraisingourNationalFlagwhilethesunisrising.rise（不及物动词，后不接宾语）上升，上涨，增长，起立Theriverhasrisenaftertheheavyrain.Thepriceisalwaysrisingbecauseofthepeople’sincreasingdemand.Herosetohisfeetandsaidgoodmorningtotheteacher.ImportantSentencesstructures.1.Whatwillhappentousifputerscandoourjobs?这里是一个条件状语从句，if引导的从句用了一般现在时表将来，what引导的主句用了将来时。e.g.Wewillgototheparkifitisnotrainytomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。happento在这里表示“发生”。e.g.Itcanhappentoanyone.这事可能发生在任何人身上。2.Forthesereasons,weoftencallthemelectronicbrains.call后面可以跟双宾语。callv.称……，叫……，把……称为（叫作）……e.g.YoumaycallmeDavid.你可以叫我大卫。WecallitMimi.我们管它叫咪眯。【知识拓展】callv.打给……e.g.Callmethisafternoon.下午给我打个。calln.（一次）e.g.givesbacall打给某人callout大声叫喊e.g.callouttosb向某人大声叫喊callup给……打e.g.Pleasecallmeupatanytime.请随时给我打。callon号召e.g.callonsbtodosth号召某人做某事3.Theymaybebetterthandoctors,judgesandteachersatdoingtheirjobs.句中有一个重要词组begoodat，意为“擅长某事”，后接名词或动名词。e.g.AreyougoodatEnglish?你擅长英语吗？Maryisgoodatskating.玛丽擅长滑冰。good为原级，比较级、最高级分别为better、best，需要注意的是，副词well的比较级和最高级也是better、best。e.g.Yourbraincanunderstandthemeaningofthingsbetter.大脑对问题的理解更深刻。（这里是副词well的比较级）HeisbetterthanmeatChinese.他语文比我好。（这里是形容词good的比较级）Willputersmakeourlivesbetter?电脑将使我们的生活更好吗？（这里是形容词good的比较级）(l)begoodat…意为“在……方面做得好；擅长”，其反义词组为beweak/poorin/at…“在……方面很差”。后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。e.g.Heisgoodatsinging.他擅长唱歌。Samisweak/poorin/athighjump.萨姆不擅长跳高。(2)begoodto意为“对……友好”，后一般接表示人的或人格化的名词。e.g.Sheisgoodtome.她对我很好。(3)begoodfor意为“对……有好处”。e.g.Doingmorningexerciseeverydayisgoodforyourhealth.每天做早操对你的健康有好处。PracticePractice一、阅读单选Facialrecognitioncamerasareeverywhere,eveninyoursmartphone.Manypeopleusethistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoors,ormakequickpayments.Butduringthepandemic(疫情),canitstillworkwhenpeopleputonmasks?Theanswerisno.Scientistsaretryingtosolvethisproblem.Forexample,Engineering&Technology(E＆T)magazinereportsthatHanwang,atechpanyinBeijing,hasmadeanewsystem.Itcanrecognize95percentofpeoplewhentheywearmasks.What’sthesecret?It’sallaboutyoureyes.MariosSavidesfromCarnegieMellonUniversity,US,studiesfacialrecognition.Aswegetolder,hesays,ourfaceschange.Buttheareaaroundoureyesdoesn’t.Itstaysthesame—evenifweputonweight.Aslongasthereisenoughinformationfromtheareaofoureyes,thecamerascanrecognizeus.Tech5isanotherfacialrecognitionpany.TheSwisspany’ssoftware(软件)scanstheshapeofyourface.Italsoscansyouriris(虹膜),whichisthecoloredpartofyoureyes.Tech5hopestoleaveoutallofthefacebelowthenose.Thiskindofsoftwareismoreimportantthanjustunlockingyourphone.“Itcansearchforcriminals(罪犯)evenwhentheywearmasks,”saidHuangLeifromHanwang.Hanwang’stechnologyisusedbyChinesepoliceinplaceslikestationsandairports.Huangpointedoutonebigweakness:itcan’tworkwhenpeoplewearbothamaskandsunglasses.“Inthissituation(情况),allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,”LeisaidtoE&T.1．Thewriterleadstothetopicby________.A．givinganexample B．tellingstories C．listingnumbers D．raisingaproblem2．Thenewsystemcanrecognize95percentpeoplebyscanning________.A．theface B．theeyes C．thenose D．themouth3．Wecaninferthatthenewsystem________.A．canrecognizeallpeoplewithmasksinthefutureB．canhelpthepolicetolookforcriminalsC．hasbroughtplentyofmoneytoTech5D．canrecognizeapersonevenwhenhelosessomeweight二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。Wecanuserobotsinmanydifferentplacesnow,butrobotsdon’thavea4history.Weusuallyseerobotsinthefilms.Therobotsinthesefilmsare5,fasterandclevererthanpeople.Inreallife,people6robotsinfactoriesmostofthetime.Robotscandomanydangerous,difficultorboringjobsfor7.Somepeoplecan’tlookafterthemselvesbutrobotscanhelpthemineveryday8.Forexample,someblind(失明的)peopleusedogstohelpthemselves9around.Thesedogsareguidedogs.Andnowscientistsaremakingarobotto10thesepeople.Inthefuture,theserobotdogscanhelpblindpeopletodomanyotherusefulthings.PeoplealsouserobotsinsomeAmerican11.Atonehospital,arobottakesmealsfromthekitchentosickpeople’srooms.Itnever12itswaybecauseithasamapofthehospitalinitsputersystem(系统).Inthefuture,robotswillworkinmanydifferentways.Butrobotswill13taketheplaceof(取代)human(人类).4．A．short B．old C．long5．A．stronger B．strong C．strongest6．A．use B．take C．do7．A．animals B．people C．machines8．A．work B．study C．life9．A．walk B．stand C．sit10．A．show B．tell C．help11．A．schools B．hospitals C．factories12．A．finds B．loses C．es13．A．never B．always C．usually三、短文首字母填空在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。BridgingtheGapAnytimeweneedataxi,wecanpulloutourphone,tap(轻轻叩击)afewbuttonsonthescreenandacarwillshowup.It’sawesome(绝妙的),right?Butwhathappenstotheelderlypeoplewhoneedataxiridebutdon’tknowhowtouseaphonetobookone?Theycanonlywaveatthetaxispassingby,manyofwhichhavea14beenbooked.IfeelterribleeverytimeIgotothehospitalwithmygrandmother.Thereisalwaysalongq15ofsickelderlypeoplewaitingfortaxis.Thesepeopleprobablybadlyneedataxi.Buttheycannotgetonebecausetheydonotknowhowtouseasmartphone.Overthepasttenorsoyears,technologyhasadvancedquickly.Formostofus,ithaschangedthewaywelive.Today,shopping,bankingandevenworkcanallbedoneovertheinternet.However,w16manynewappshavemadelifeeasierforusyoungerfolk,ithasmadeitincreasinglydifficultfortheoldergenerations.Chinahasnowpassedanewsetofguidelines(指导方针)tokeepseveralbasicservicesbalancedbetweentheironlineandofflineavailability.However,bridgingthis“digitalgap”needse17effort.Probablyanyoneovertheageof60,atonetimeoranother,hascalledtheirchildrenorgrandchildrentoaskforhelpwiththeirsmartphones.Whentheydoso,wemustbep18.Whatmayonlytakeussecondstomastercantakethemhourstodoso,evenafterrepeatedinstructions.Eventhen,thesmallestmistakewillleavethemmoreconfused(迷惑的)thanbefore.Thenext(1000)time(s)youreldersaskyouforhelpwithtechnology,rememberwhowasthepersonthatspentcountlesshourst19youhowtotalk,walk,eat,etc.Theleastwecandoisrepaysomeofthefavor.四、阅读回答问题阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。‘MadeinChina’meansquality(质量)Foralongtime,“madeinChina”madepeoplethinkofcheap,lowqualitygoods.Chinawasjusttheworld’sfactory.ButnowChinesebrandsaregoingglobalandbeingwellknown.Timemagazinerecentlymadea