初中英语语法教学案例及分析

初中英语语法教学案例及分析

摘要：语音、词汇、语法是英语学习的三要素，其中，语法当属最难教与学的。如何把枯燥无味的语法课

上得妙趣横生，这就要求教师十分熟悉教材内容，精心钻研设计，使得学生在轻松和谐的氛围下习得语法

知识。以下是我于学校“开放日”活动开课的案例，通过视频、游戏、归纳、练习等方法使学生初步掌握语

法。

关键词：间接引语思维导图变化

一.Teachingcontent:9AUnit6Detectivestories

GrammarAReportedspeechwithtensechanges

二.Teachingaims:

1.Knowledgeaims:Tousereportedspeechtotalkaboutwhatsomeoneelsesaid.

2.Abilityaims:Tousereportedspeechtoreportquestions.

三.Teachingmethods:

PPTinindmapco-operationpractice

四.Teachingprocedures:

Step1:Warmup

1.Watchavideo'Anniethedetective'.

本部分用于吸引学生的眼球，用Annie的侦探故事与课本里的侦探故事相呼应，既不脱离课本，又能激发

学生的兴趣。

Step2:Presentation

1.Chooseonesentencefromthevideotoshow4reportedspeech'.

Annieshouted,4Mycakeisgone!?(Directspeech)

Annieshouted(that)hercakewasgone!(Reportedspeech)

2.Letstudentstelltheobviousdifferencebetweenthetwosentences

------aquotationmark.

本部分用视频里的两个句子来引出直接引语和间接引语的明显区别，导入比较自然。

Step3:Process

Task1:Changethespeechinstatements.

Stepsonhowtochange'statements'.

l.Statements(陈述句)Tips:一变三二变一三三不多

1.Shesaid,4canhelpyousolvethecrime/

一变三。Tenses'二变一

Shesaid(that)shecouldhelpmesolvethecrime.

2.HesaidtoMillie,4YoucanfinishitwithTom'shelp.7

〃〃ZJ

二变三三不变

Workouttherule:Whenwechangedirect

speechintoreportedspeech,weshouldpay

attentiontopronounsandtenses.

本部分展现在陈述句中如何改直接引语为间接引语，让学生看了例句自己找出规则——需要注意变换人

称和时态。这样发挥了学生的自我分析问题的能力，使得印象比较深刻。

2.ShowthetablesonexamplesofdifferenttensesonP105thenconclude:

DirectspeechReportedspeech

SimplepresentSimplepast

PresentcontinuousPastcontinuous

PresentperfectPastperfect

SimplepastPastperfect

SimplefuturePastfuture

PastperfectPastperfect

本部分展示了在两种引语中具体的时态变化,又补充了一个不变的情况---'Pastperfect'to'Pastperfeef.

3.Practice:AskstudentstochangewhatDetectiveLusaidintoreportedspeech.

DetectiveLusaid,'Thevictimisguiltyofcomputercrimes/

DetectiveLusaid,'Wearecheckingthesceneforfingerprintsandotherclues/

DetectiveLusaid,'AyoungmanwaskilledinValleyTown/

本部分用课文中提到的DetectiveLu来说出3个句子，练习把直接引语改成间接引语。所用例子基本来源

于课文，学生较为熟悉。

4.Playacopygame.

e.g.A-B:

B—C:Asaid(that)hc/shchadlearnedEnglishfor6years.

C-D:Asaid(that)he/shehadlearnedEnglishfor6years.

本部分用游戏让课堂情绪高涨，让小组里后者重复前者的话，把排头的同学所说的话变成间接引语，这样,

每个学生都有了一次锻炼的机会，真正做到课堂无死角。

5.Besidestensesandpronouns,weshouldalsochangeadverbials.

Givesomeexamplesthenshowthefollowingtabic.(Pl05)

DirectspeechReportedspeech

nowthen

tonightthatnight

todaythatday

thismorning/weekthatmorning/week

yesterdaythedaybefore

lastmonththemonthbefore

tomorrowthencxt/fbllowingday

herethere

本部分以例句引出书上表格里具体时态的变化，清晰明了。

6.Practice:AlonPl06:Millie'sreport.HelpMilliefinishhernotes.Usereportedspeech.

本部分事先请同学把每句直接引语的句子录音，上课时以音频呈现，每点一句，录音出现，请学生先复述

听到的句子，再把它改成间接引语，如此，听说读写得到了一定程度的锻炼。

7.Drawhalfofamindmaptoconcludetheknowledgewehavelearnedtillnow.

tenses

adverbials

本部分运用“思维导图”这种新型的方法，帮助学生归纳小结前面所学部分的知识点。以彩色的图像呈现,

加深记忆。

Task2:Changethespeechinquestionsandimperatives.

1.StepsonhowtochangethespeechinYes/Noquestions,Wh-questionsandimperatives.

2.Yes/Noquestions（一般疑问句）

'Mom,canIsavemypiecefortomorrow?’

shesaidtoMoForY/Nquestionsyadd

勿I

SheaskedMomifIcansavemypiecefortomorrow

askedcan.could

SheaskedMomifshecouldsaveher

pieceforthenextday.\

Workouttherule:Whenreportingquestions

weshouldchangethewncdorderandchange

thequestionmarktoafullstop.

3.Wh-questions(特殊疑问句)

'Howareyoufeeling?'askedMother.

Youarefeeling

Motherasked(me)howyoftarefeeling.

▼

L

wasfeelii

MotheraskedhowIwasfeeling.

Tips:Keepthewk-word

4.Imperatives(祈使句)

'Donottouchmycake!Jshesaid,(tothem)

Donottouchmycake.

Sheorderedthemnottouchmycake米

nottotouch|

Sheorderedthemnottotouch

hercake,

本部分用解题步骤来步步呈现在一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、祈使句中如何把直接引语改成间接引语的解题

过程。步步为营，踏踏实实。

2.Summary:Besidestenses,pronouns,adverbials,weshouldalsochangethewordorder,themarkandadd

ifVwhetherinquestions.

3.A2onPl07:InterviewingDetectiveLu.HelpMilliereporttheinterviewer'squestionsusingreportedspeech.

4.Exercises:

A.Multiplechoices.

()l.MrWusaidhe___ustothezoothisweek.

A.wouldtakeB.willtakeC.takeD.takes

()2.Thewitnesstoldmethathe___underthetableatthattime.

A.hideB.havehidden

C.washidingD.hidden

()3.Theteacheraskedusif___whathesaid.

A.weknowB.doweknow

C.weknewD.didweknow

()4.Shesaidthatshewoulddoit.

A.tomorrowB.nextday

C.thesecondD.thenextday

()5.Theintervieweraskedhim____themurdererhadusedagun.

A.whatB.whoC.ifD.that

()6.Hesaidthathehadmether.

A.twoyearsbeforeB.twoyearsago

C.for2yearsD.since2yearsago

B.Fillintheblanks.

1.4Whoareyoulookingfbr?,TomaskedSandy.

TomaskedSandy___________________________

2.4DidyouwantmetohelpyouwithyourEnglishyesterday?,askedhe.

Heaskedhelpmewith____English

3.'Doyouknowthevictim?,Thepoliceasked.

Thepoliceasked.

4.'Littleboy,putonyourcoat/Sheordered.

Sheordered.

本部分以书本上和课外的一定量的习题来加强练习，让学生集中训练在不同题型中变换间接引语，起到强

化巩固的作用。

5.Let'scompletethemindmap.Drawtherestpart.Askonestudenttodrawtontheblackboard.

咽

则y嬴卜.

I_Ouesttond

VN(jl卅%

、\esNoquMons厂

/U611月喉丽明

GMsentencestmctunes

|<Statements,」隔沛

④麻1伽一

Jimperatives^

:常川诃为・••••••••••

本部分完成思维导图的另半部分，用以总结巩固后面部分知识。

6.Showthewholemindmapontheblackboard.

tenses取—2仅——

Wli-questions<―

/‘丁■疑问词一

Questions1—2A—

r1f.（用引导词一

♦1\Yes/Noquestions'