2023北京高三二模英语汇编：阅读理解B篇

第1页/共1页2023北京高三二模英语汇编阅读理解B篇（2023北京东城统考二模）RunbySocietyforScience,RegeneronScienceTalentSearchisapremierscienceandmathcompetitionforhigh-schoolseniors.Oneofthewinnersofthisyearis17-year-oldEthanWong,whotriestoimproveexistingtechnology.Hisfocus:airplanes.Nearlyallplaneshaveatail.Thetailkeepstheplane’snosefromsuddenlychangingdirectionduringaturn.Thestructureaddsstabilitybutweighstheplanedown.Tailless-designedairplanewingscouldservethesamefunctionasthetail,aswellascuttingtheenvironmentalcostofairtravel.Butthere’sacatch.Thosewingsmusttwist(弯曲)inaveryprecisewaythatmakesthemhardtoproduce.EthanbecamefascinatedbythiskindofairplanedesignwhenhesawavideoofNASA’sPrandtl-Daircraftglidinggracefullythroughtheairwithoutatail.“Ijustthoughtthatwasreallycool,”saysEthan.Hewonderedifhecouldfindasimplerwaytoachievethesametaillessflight.“EssentiallywhatIdidwasjusttrialanderror,”Ethansays.Usingacomputermodelofanairplanewing,headjustedtheangleoftwistalongthewinguntilitcouldachievetaillessflight.Usually,suchawingrequiresacontinuousdistributionofwingtwist.Buthecouldachieveasimilareffectwithwingsthathadjustafewsectionsoftwist.“It’ssupereasytomake,”Ethansays.Inhisgarage,Ethanbuiltmodelairplanesusingrubbermaterialsandpackingtapetotesthisdesign.“Seeingtheplaneintheairwasprettycool,”Ethansays.“Itjustflewreally,reallywell.”Lighter,moreefficientplanescouldopenthedoortootherairtravelinnovations.“It’sbeenalong-termgoalofminetobuildasolarplanethatcanflythroughthedaypoweredbysolarpanelsonitswings,”Ethansays.“Itisabsolutelypossibleforareallyefficientplane.”Tootherteenswhohavebigengineeringideastoexplore,Ethanalwayssays,“Don’tevergiveup.”Evenwhensomemachineryfeelsimpossibletounderstand,ithelpstorememberthattheworld’sgreatestinventorsareonlyhuman,too.“Also,justmakesureyoulovewhateveryoudo,”Ethanadds.“That’llmakepursuingeverythingaloteasier.”1.Whatisoneadvantageofthetaillessairplane?A.Itmakesaircraftdesigneasier.B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itreducesproductioncosts.D.Itpromotesflightstability.2.WhatdrewEthan’sattentiontothetaillessairplanedesign?A.Thebreakthroughinaircraftmaterials.B.Theflightofanaircraftinavideo.C.Theprizefororiginaldesign.D.Thedesireforinnovation.3.InEthan’sopinion,whathelpinventorsrealizetheirdreams?A.Ambitionandefficiency.B.Enthusiasmandresponsibility.C.Passionanddetermination.D.Confidenceandindependence.（2023北京西城统考二模）Iwrestledhertothegroundforthekeys,literally.Indeed,whensheopenedthedoortoleavethehouseat11pmforthemoviesdespitemywords,Iactuallywrestledmy16-year-olddaughtertotheground.Ididnotknowhowtodealwitharebellious（叛逆的）teenager.Weareafamilyofstrongwills,fromthetopdown.Allmykidshadpushedandargued.Everyone“kindof”followedtherules.Astheygotolder,especiallywhentheyhithighschool,Isawthepowershifting,butithadn'tbeensoobvious.Ihadnotseenmuchin-your-facerebellion.Untilthishappened.IcalledAmySpeidel,awiseandpracticalparentingexpert.Shestayedonthephonewithmeandlistenedtomywildcomplaintaboutmydisrespectfulkid.Shelistenedforalmosttwohoursandthengavemesomesuggestions.Amytoldmethatmydaughter'sbehaviorwas"developmentallyappropriate"-shewassupposedtotesttheboundaries.Amyalsosaidthatitwasgreatthatmydaughterwouldbeabletostandupforherselfinarelationshipthatwasn'tworking.Thosecommentsreallymademefeelawful.Ihadn'tconsideredanythingpositiveaboutherbehavior-butoutsideofourmother-daughterrelationship,Iwouldneverwanttodevaluemydaughter'sstrongwill.AftertalkingwithAmy,IrealizedthatIwastheonewhoneededhelpunderstandingdisciplinevscontrol.Honestly,Ididhatethattheresponsibilitywasonme.Iwantedpermissiontoscreamandpunish.ButIlistenedtoAmyandhere'swhatIlearned.1.Mydaughter'sbehaviorwasnormal.ThateasedmyfearsthatIhadraisedaterriblehumanandfailedasamother.2.Mydaughter'sstrongpersonalitywasastrength.Thatrevelationwasahugegift.Ivalueherqualitiesbutdon'twantthemusedagainstme.Iwillsoftenmyresponseandlistentoher.3.Iwentcrazy.Infact,Icrossedaline.Andthathappens.ButIlearnedtoapologizeandresetsothatwecouldmoveforward.Myjob,therefore,istolearnnewresponsesthatoffermydaughteroptionsandrealisticconsequences,notemptythreats.Andhopefully,thiswillchangemyrelationshipwithmydaughter.4.Whatistheactualreasontheauthorhadafightwithherdaughter?A.Thedaughterwouldn'tgiveherthekeys.B.Thedaughterdidn'tcomebackuntil11pm.C.Thedaughterinsistedongoingoutlateatnight.D.Thedaughterwantedtogotothemovieswithfriends.5.Thecommentsmadetheauthorfeel“awful”because_________.A.shehadhelpedherdaughtertotestboundariesB.shedidn'ttreasurethemother-daughterrelationshipC.shethoughtAmywascriticizingherdaughter'supbringingD.shehadn'tnoticedthedesirableaspectsofherdaughter'sbehavior6.Afterthephonecall,theauthorlearnedthat_________.A.herdaughter'sstrongcharactershouldbesoftenedB.sheshouldconstructivelydealwithconflictC.herdaughtershouldcontrolherbehaviorD.sheshouldadmitherfailureasamother7.AccordingtoAmy,whatshouldtheauthorsayifthesamesituationhappensagain?A.“Doyoureallythinkyoucanjustwalkoutthedoorlikethat?”B.“It'snotsafetobeoutsolate.Whatabouttomorrowafternoon?”C.“Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryougooutornot.Iwillsupportyou.”D.“Youhavebeendisrespectfulandcan'tgoouttonight.Isthatclear?”（2023北京海淀统考二模）Whentheneedforinformationtechnologyservicearises,itcanbeastressfulmoment—theuserislockedoutoftheircomputer,oraprogramisn'tworkingproperly.ButifyouaskanyoneintheMITdepartmentsofChemistryandPhysics,ortheNewsOffice—theInstitutedivisionsthatarefortunateenoughtohaveGregWaltonastheirITserviceprovider,they'llacknowledgethatnotonlyisWaltonthebest,butwhatevertheissueis,hewillseeitthroughuntilallinvolvedaresatisfiedwiththeoutcome.Waltonusuallyarrivesonthescenewithendlesspositiveenergythattransformsatechnicalannoyanceintoanenjoyableinteraction,regardlessofhowmanyotherITfireshehasalreadyputoutthatday.Thequalitiesthatmakehimastaremployeeextendfarbeyondthecampus.Afterspendinghisearlyyearsinfostercare,Waltonlivedwithhisgreat-grandmother,butmostly,hewaslefttosupporthimself.Whilemanychildrenmight,understandably,lieflatundersuchunsupervisedcircumstances,Waltonexcelledacademicallyandathleticallyathighschool.Hebecamethefirstpersoninhisfamilytograduatefromhighschool,andenrolledincollege.WaltonseizedthechancetoenrollinYearUp,aprogramaimingtoclosethe“opportunitydivide”byprovidingyoungadultswiththeskills,experience,andsupportthatwillempowerthemtoreachtheirpotentialthroughprofessionalcareersandhighereducation.Waltonremainsanactiveambassadorfortheorganization.InJuneof2007,armedwithshiningrecommendations,Waltonwashiredasatemp(临时工)atMIT.Heeventuallyworkedhiswayuptowhereheistoday—aninvaluableasset(不可或缺的人)tothreedepartments.“IdofeelluckytoworkatMIT,”hesays.“I'vehadtheabilitytotourthecountrysharingmystoryinhopesthatsomepeoplemaybeinspiredandemployersmayseeyoungadultswithtoughbackgroundsdifferently.”InadditiontoYearUp,heisinvolvedwithanumberoforganizationscommittedtohelpingyoungadultsovercometheirtroubledpasts.Thisdesiretohaveapositiveimpactonpeople'slivesextendsseamlesslyintohisworkatMIT.“Givingbackisveryimportanttome,”Waltonsays.“Somanypeoplehaveinvestedtheirtimeandenergyintohelpingme,soIfeelitwouldbeaninjusticenottodoso.”8.StaffmembersinMITsinghighpraiseforWaltonmainlybecauseA.heenjoysinteractingwithhisclientsB.heknowshowtoputoutfiresforothersC.hesolvesproblemswithapositiveattitudeD.heisgoodatdevelopingcomputerprograms9.WhatdoweknowaboutWaltonbeforehewenttocollege?A.Hedependedonhisgreat-grandmaforaliving.B.Hestoodoutinstudyandsportsinhighschool.C.Helayflatjustlikeotherunsupervisedchildren.D.Hewassupportedbyfostercareforbettereducation.10.WhydidWaltongetinvolvedwithalotoforganizations?A.Tosharehistroubledpastwithyoungadults.B.Topaybacktosocietybyhelpingyoungadults.C.Toadvisebusinessestotreatyoungadultsfairly.D.Topromoteeducationequalityamongyoungadults.11.WhatcanweconcludefromWalton'sstory?A.Onegoodturndeservesanother.B.Opportunitiesfavorthepreparedmind.C.Educationisapowerfulweapontochangetheworld.D.One'sfutureisdefinedbyhisefforts,notbyhisorigin.（2023北京朝阳统考二模）Ilostmylegtocancerat30.Myfirsttripoutofthehouseasaone-leggedwomanwouldbetoseeasickfriendinhospitalwithmymom.AsImademywaythroughthehospital,Iwaspreparedforlooksofcuriosity,sympathy,andevenshock.ButonethingshookmetoadepthIhadneverexperiencedbefore.Twokidswereplayinginthehallway.AsIpassedbyonmycrutches(拐杖),theylookedupatme,andsuddenly,thelittleboypointedatme.“Lookatthatlady!”Itseemedthathewasshoutingloudenoughfortheentirehospitaltohear.“Sheonlyhasoneleg!Doesn’tthatlookfunny?”Bothofthekidsburstintolaughter.Headsturned,andIfeltthebloodrushtomyface.IputmyheaddownandrushedoutasfastasIdaredonmycrutches.Iheldmytearsbackuntilthecardoorclosed.AsIfellintotheseats,Icried,“Howcouldtheythinkthisisfunny?”Mymomtriedherbesttocomfortme,“Honey,theyarejustkids.Theydon’tknowanybetter.”Theywerejustkids,butthatdidnotexcusetheirrudebehavior.Ifeltawaveofbelieffloodthroughme.IknewwhatIhadtodo.“Well,someonehastoteachthem!”Isaid.AndIknewthatsomeonewouldbeme.WhenIwaswellenough,Istartedtovisitelementaryschoolsandtalktochildrenaboutbeingdifferent.Iwasteachingchildrentoberespectfulofpeoplewhoaredifferent,andteachingthempeoplecomeinallshapes,colorsandsizesandweareeachspecialandunique.Speakingtochildrenwasjustthebeginningforme.Ibecameaninspirationalspeakerandauthorandlearnedthatbeinggratefulforalltheremainingpartsofmewastheonlywaytostartandendmyday.IsharedmystoryinmybookcalledIAmChoosingtoSmile.Ido,indeed,choosetosmile.Wakingupeverymorning,Ilookdownatmyonefootandsaywithallsincerity,“Goodmorning,fivetoes.I’mverygladtoseeyou!”12.Whatshockedtheauthorinthehospital?A.Thecuriouslookaboyhad. B.Thewordsaboyshoutedout.C.Thegametheboyswereplaying. D.Thesympathytheboysexpressed.13.Howdidtheexperienceinthehospitalchangetheauthor?A.Shefoundthepurposeofherlife. B.Shebegantorealizeherdifference.C.Sheunderstoodkids’characteristics. D.Shelearnedtheimportanceofrespect.14.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patient. B.Brave. C.Intelligent. D.Caring.（2023北京丰台统考二模）WhenIwaslittle,mydadwouldletmesitbesidehimontheporchwhilehepainted.Hewouldtellmehowthecowbyitselfisjustacow,andthemeadowbyitselfisjustgrassandflowers,andthesunpeekingthroughthetreesisjustabeamoflight,butputthemalltogetherandyou’vegotmagic.Iunderstoodwhathewassaying,butI’veneverfeltwhathewassayinguntilonedaywhenIwasupinthesycamoretreetorescueakitestuckinthebranches.Itwasalongwayup,butIthoughtI’dgiveitashot.Istartedclimbing.ThenIlookeddown.AndsuddenlyIgotdizzyandweak.Iwasmilesofftheground!Butthekitewasstillbeyondmyreach.IcaughtmybreathandforcedmyselftoconcentrateonthekiteasIclimbedup.WhenIhadthekitefree,Ineededaminutetorest.That’swhenthefearofbeingupsohighbegantolift,andinitsplacecamethemostamazingfeelingthatIwasflying.Justsoaringabovetheearth,sailingamongtheclouds.ThenIbegantonoticehowwonderfulthebreezesmelled.Itseemedlikesunshineandwildgrassandrain!Icouldn’tstopbreathingitin,fillingmylungsagainandagainwiththesweetestsmellI’deverknown.Inevergotovertheview.Ikeptthinkingofwhatitfeltliketobeupsohighinthattree.Iwantedtoseeit,tofeelit,again.Andagain.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIwasn’tafraidofbeingupsohighandfoundthespotthatbecamemyspot.Icouldsitthereforhours,justlookingoutattheworld.Sunsetswereamazing.Somedaysthey’dbepurpleandpink,somedaysthey’dbeablazingorange,settingfiretocloudsacrossthehorizon.Itwasonadaylikethatwhenmyfather’snotion(观念)movedfrommyheadtomyheart.Theviewfrommysycamorewasmorethanrooftopsandcloudsandwindandcolorscombined.AndIstartedmarveling(惊奇)athowIwasfeelingbothhumbleandmajestic.Howwasthatpossible?HowcouldIbesofullofpeaceandfullofwonder?Itwasmagic.15.Whydidtheauthorclimbupthesycamoretree?A.Toplayinthetree. B.Togetatrappedkite.C.Toprovehercourage. D.Topracticeclimbingskills.16.Theauthor’sclimbingexperiencewas.A.unusualbutpainful B.competitiveandimaginativeC.adventurousbutrewarding D.well-plannedandinteresting17.Whydidtheauthorlikebeinguphighinthetree?A.Becausethetreehadthesweetestsmell.B.Becauseitcouldhelphertoconcentrate.C.Becauseherfatherencouragedhertodoso.D.Becauseshecouldenjoymorethangoodviews.18.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Positiveactionleadstohappiness.C.Beautifulthingsdon’taskforattention.D.Thewholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.（2023北京昌平统考二模）Everwonderwhathappenstospacecraftaftertheygetlaunchedtospace?Well,thatiswheremyjobasaninstrumentoperationsengineercomesin.Myjobconsistsofplanning,generating,andoperatingscientificinstrumentsin-flight.IamgratefulforhavingworkedonmissionsatSaturn,theMoon,andourownplanetEarth.WhenIwasahigh-schooler,IwasunsureofwhatcollegeIwantedtoattend,orwhatmajorIwantedtochoose.AfterreceivinganemailfromacollegecalledMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),Idecidedtoapplytoasummerprogramtheywereofferingwiththeencouragementofmymom.Afterparticipatinginthatprogram,IknewthatMITwastherightuniversityforme.Thepassionatestudentsandboundlessopportunitiesdevelopedafeelingofbelonginginmethatledmetoapplyandeventuallygetaccepted.ThemostexcitingandfulfillingpartofbeinganengineeristhatIamabletoworkonprojectsthatbenefithumanity.Whenpeoplethinkofthespaceindustry,theypicturetheouterreachesofoursolarsystem.Whattheymaynotimagineisthegreatbodyofworkbeingdonetostudyourownhome-Earth.Iamthankfultohaveacareerthatallowsmetocommitmyselftothatresponsibility.ThehighlightofmycareerhasbeenwitnessingtheendoftheCassinimissiontoSaturn.SomeofthepeopleontheteamhadbeenworkingonthemissionforlongerthanIhadbeenalive,buttheystilltreatedmeasoneoftheirown.Iwasgiventheopportunitytooperatethecamerasthatwouldcatchbreathtakingimagesoftheplanet.AndwhentheCassinispacecrafthadrunoutoffuel,Iquicklylearnedthatitwasnotjusttheendofthemission,buttheendofateam.ThenightwewatchedwithbittersweetlongingasitssignalfadedtonothingissomethingthatIwillalwayskeepinmymemories.AndwhileCassiniwillberememberedforitshistoriccontributions,whatIwillrememberitforistheteamitbroughttogether.Myfriendsoftenaskwhyagirlcouldachieveallthese.Ialwaysgrewupabigfanoffiction.IreadtheHarryPotterbooksandlovedanythingfantasy.Irealizedthatacommonthemeofherostoriesisthattheheromustalwaysmakeachoicetostarttheiradventure.Ifyoudon'tpickuptheswordinyourownstorybecauseyouareafraidofwhatmayhappennext,yourisknothavingastoryatall.19.WhydidtheauthorapplytoMIT?A.ThemajorsinMITinterestedher.B.HermotherurgedhertogotoMIT.C.Shesetthisgoalasahigh-schooler.D.AsummerprogrammadeherloveMIT.20.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutheroccupation?A.It'seasytopredictwhatshedoes.B.It'shardforagirltohavesuchacareer.C.Sheisannoyedbybeingmisunderstood.D.Sheisproudtoworkforhumanwell-being.21.WhatdoestheauthorvaluemostintheCassinimission?A.Itshistoriccontributions.B.Theteamitbroughttogether.C.Breathtakingimagesoftheplanet.D.Theopportunitytooperatethecameras.22.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Nowayisimpossibletocourage.C.W