重庆市主城区七校2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末检测试题（含解析）

重庆市主城区七校20192020学年高一英语下学期期末检测试题（含解析）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。1.答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatmealisthemaneating?A.BreakfastB.LunchC.Dinner2.Whathappenedtothewomanlastnight?A.Herhousegotwet.B.HerpetswerelostC.Herpowerwentout.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.GrandmotherandgrandsonB.MotherandsonC.Brotherandsister4.Whathastheboyprobablybeentoldtodo?A.WashthecarB.RepairthehouseC.Dothecleaning5.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Athome.B.AttheparkC.Atamuseum.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whomightthemanbe?A.Thewoman’shusband.B.Thewoman’sfriend.C.Awaiter.7.Wherewasthewalletfound?A.Intherestroom.B.Atthecashdesk.C.Onthetable.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethosechildrenlike?A.Shy.B.Active.C.Selfish.9.Whydoesthewomanhavetoleave?A.Becauseherchildrenareill.B.Becauseherfriendsmadeherleave.C.Becauseherparentsareinpoorhealth.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hegotuplateinthemorning.B.Hestayedupallnightreading.C.Hefeltasleepwhilereading.11.Whatmakesthemansleepywhenreading?A.Hedoesn’tlikereading.B.Hedoesn’tunderstandthemeaningofthebook.C.Hedidn’tsleepwelllastnight12.Whatmayhelptobetterunderstandabook?A.Findthemainideafirst.B.Skipthedifficultpartsofthebook.C.Recitethedetailsofthebook.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Conductingacontest.C.Holdingapoliticaldebate.14.Whoistheman?A.AreporterB.AprofessorC.Agovernmentofficial15.Whichwasthemostvaluableadvicefortheman?A.Travelingaroundtheworld.B.Respectingyourself.C.Havingaclearmind.16.Whatwillthemandiscussnext?A.Hisearlyworkexperiences.B.Hismother’sinfluenceonhim.C.Hisstrongopinionsondifferentcultures.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeaker’smaintopic?A.ChineseartB.ChineseindustryC.Chineseinventions18.Whichcountryinventedthejetengine?A.BritainB.ChinaC.America19.WhatmakesChinesepeoplecleveraccordingtothespeaker?A.TheirdietB.TheeducationsystemC.LearningChinesecharacterfromchildhood.20.WhichdevelopmentinChinadoesthespeakerrespectmost?A.BikesharingB.HighspeedrailwaysC.Mobilephonepayment.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATheactofsocialdistancinghasbeeaneffectiveprotectivemeasureagainstthenovelcoronavirusandapartofeverydaylifeacrosstheworld.Manycountrieshavelauncheddifferentsocialdistancingmeasures.Somearestrictwhileothersarecreative.Let’stakealookatthreespecialquarantine(隔离)measuresaroundtheworld.PanamaWithmorethan3,000confirmedcasesbyApril12,Panamahasannouncedstrictquarantinemeasures.Oneofthemistoseparatepeoplebygendertogoout.StartinginApril,malesinthecountryarerequiredtoleavehomeonTuesday,ThursdayandSaturdaywhilefemalescangooutonMonday,WednesdayandFridayeveryweek.NooneisallowedtogooutonSundays.TofurtherpreventthespreadofCOVID19,citizensareabletoleavetheirhomesforonlytwohoursatatime.ButaccordingtotheGuardian,therestrictionmeasuresdonotapplytocivilservantsorherimportantstaffwhoarebattlingagainstthenovelcoronavirusonthefrontline.ColombiaIDnumbersareuniqueidentificationtoolsforindividuals,buttheymayalsobeusedtodecidewhenpeoplecangooutinColombiaduringthenovelcoronavirusepidemic.AccordingtotheBBC,peopleinsomeColombiantownsareallowedtobeoutsidebasedonthelastdigit(数字)oftheirnationalIDnumber.Forexample,innorthwestcentralColombia,Barrancabermeja,peoplewithanIDnumberendinginzero,fourorsevenareallowedtoleavethehouseonMonday,whilethosewithanIDnumberendinginone,fiveoreightcangooutsideonTuesday.FranceThoughoutdoorexerciseisagoodwaytokeephealthy,itcansometimescausetoomanypeopletogatherinoneplace.InordertopreventthespreadofCOVID19,Parishasforbiddenalloutdoorexercisebetween10amand7pm.Outsideofthistimespan,peopleareallowedtoexerciseindividuallyaslongasit’sforlessthananhourandwithinonekilometeroftheirhome.Ifpeoplebreaktherule,theywillfacefinesofbetween€135(about1,040yuan)and€375.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutPanama’ssocialdistancingmeasures?A.Allcitizensshouldfollowtherulesofgoingoutbygender.B.Ordinarycitizenscanstayoutsideforatmosttwohoursatatime.C.CivilservantsareallowedtogoouteverydayexceptonSundays.D.Nonecangooutfordinner,startinginApril.2.WhichgroupisallowedtogooutonTuesdaysinBarrancabermeja,duringtheepidemic?A.Females.B.Males.C.ThosewithanIDnumberendinginone,fiveoreight.D.ThosewithanIDnumberendinginzero,fourorseven.3.WhichofthefollowingfollowstherulesinFrance?A.Cyclingaroundone’shomeat6pm. B.Playingbadmintoninfrontofone’shouseatnoon.C.Playingbasketballwithfriendsat9pm. D.Joggingalonenearone’shomefrom8amto8:30am.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。保持社会距离已成为预防新型冠状病毒的有效措施，成为世界各国日常生活的一部分。许多国家都采取了不同的社会疏远措施。有些很严格，而有些很有创造力。文章主要列举了三个国家的特殊隔离措施。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中TofurtherpreventthespreadofCOVID19,citizensareabletoleavetheirhomesforonlytwohoursatatime.可知为进一步防止COVID19传播，公民一次只能离开家两小时。由此可知，根据巴拿马的社交距离措施，普通市民一次最多可以在外面呆两个小时。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Forexample,innorthwestcentralColombia,Barrancabermeja,peoplewithanIDnumberendinginzero,fourorsevenareallowedtoleavethehouseonMonday,whilethosewithanIDnumberendinginone,fiveoreightcangooutsideonTuesday.可知例如，在哥伦比亚中北部的Barrancabermeja，身份证号码尾数为0、4或7的人可以在周一出门，而身份证号码尾数为1、5或8的人则可以在周二出门。由此可知，在Barrancabermeja，在疫情期间，身份证号码以1、5或8结尾的人可以在周二外出。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中InordertopreventthespreadofCOVID19,Parishasforbiddenalloutdoorexercisebetween10amand7pm.Outsideofthistimespan,peopleareallowedtoexerciseindividuallyaslongasit’sforlessthananhourandwithinonekilometeroftheirhome.可知为防止COVID19疫情蔓延，巴黎已禁止上午10时至晚上7时的所有户外活动。在这段时间之外，人们可以单独锻炼，只要不超过一小时，并且距离自己家一公里以内。由此可知，D选项“从早上8点到8:30在自己家附近独自慢跑”符合法国的规则。故选D。BPictureayoungChinesewomaninafield,dressedintraditionalhemp(麻布)clothing,asshepicksflowerstocreatemakeupforhercheeks.Imaginethesamepersonmakingabamboosofa,cookingsoysauceandcookingupallsortsofdeliciousdishes.Itmaysoundhardtobelieve,butsuchapersonexistsinmodernChina,andhernameisLiZiqi.OnDec14,shewonPersonoftheYearinthecategoryofculturalinfluenceawardedbyChinaNewsweek.Withafanbaseofmorethan21millionpeopleonSinaWeiboand7millionflowersonvideosharingsiteYouTube,LihasmadeanameforherselfinaseriesofvideosthatshowoffapreindustrialChinesewayoflifeinruralSichuanprovince.“IwanttodomyparttoletmorepeopleknowaboutChineseculture,”theboggertoldC.“MuchofthepopularityofmyvideosowestotheattractionofChineseculture.”Lisemstobeamasterofallkindsofsills—cooking,painting,designingandfarming.Sheraisessilkwormstosewaquiltforhergrandmotherandgrowsplants.Manyvideosshowherpickingseasonalingredientsfromherowngardenandcookingthemupwithherwoodfiredwork.Awarmbowlofsoupforthewinter,alighterplateofnoodlesforthesummer,Lifollowstheseasonsinhercooking,asChina’straditional24solartermsalsodo,andmakesfoodsuitablefortheparticularclimate.“ShetoldthestoriesofChina’scultureandthatofChina.”theofficialSinaWeiboaccountofChinaCentralTelevisionnoted.ThesuccessofLiZiqialsoesfromher“passionforlife,forherhomeandforherculture”.Indeed,Li’ssimplepleasuresamazepeoplelivinginthehustleandbustleofbigcities.“Sheleadsalifethatmanydreamof,butdon’tdaretogiveuptheircurrentlifeinexchangefor,”iFengwrote.Herhandmadelifestyleisafantasyformany.“Intoday’ssociety,manyfeelstressed,”shetoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost.“Whentheywatchmyvideosattheendofabusyday,Iwantthemtorelaxandexperiencesomethingnice,totakeawaysomeoftheiranxietyandstress.”4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.LiZiqienjoys7millionfollowersonTwitter.B.LiZiqiwonPersonoftheYearawardedbyChinesegovernment.CLimakessuitablefoodtofollowthechangesofclimate.D.Li’svideocan’tbringpleasurestopeopleinbigcities.5.WhatmakesLi’svideososuccessfulathomeandabroad?A.HerloveforChineseculture B.HerconfidenceforChinesecultureC.Theattractionofhervideos D.Herexcellentabilityofmakinghandicrafts6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“hustleandbustle”inParagraph5mean?A.noisyandstressfullife B.busybutrelaxinglifeC.fantasticandenjoyablelife D.quietandfortablelife7.What’sthemainpurposeofmakingvideosaccordingtoLiZiqi?A.TopromotethesalesofChinesefoodandhandicrafts.B.ToattractmoreoffanstovisitherSinaWeibo.C.Tomakeherselfknowntothepublic.D.Tofreethestressedpeoplefromtheanxietyandstress【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了12月14日，获得了《中国新闻周刊》颁发的文化影响力年度人物——李子柒。她通过一系列展示前工业时代中国四川农村生活方式的视频而一举成名，李子柒对中国文化的热爱让她的视频在国内外如此成功。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Manyvideosshowherpickingseasonalingredientsfromherowngardenandcookingthemupwithherwoodfiredwork.Awarmbowlofsoupforthewinter,alighterplateofnoodlesforthesummer,Lifollowstheseasonsinhercooking,asChina’straditional24solartermsalsodo,andmakesfoodsuitablefortheparticularclimate.可知在许多视频中，她从自己的花园中挑选当季的食材，然后用烧柴的方法把它们烹饪出来。冬天要喝一碗热汤，夏天要吃一盘清淡的面条，李的烹饪会随着季节变化而变化，就像中国传统的24节气一样，她的食物也适合中国特定的气候。由此可知，C选项“李子柒做出了适合的食物来适应气候的变化”正确。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“IwanttodomyparttoletmorepeopleknowaboutChineseculture,”theboggertoldC.“MuchofthepopularityofmyvideosowestotheattractionofChineseculture.”可知“我想尽自己的一份力量，让更多的人了解中国文化，”博主告诉中国网。“我的视频之所以这么受欢迎，很大程度上要归功于中国文化的吸引力。”由此可知，是李子柒对中国文化的热爱让她的视频在国内外如此成功。故选A。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Li’ssimplepleasuresamazepeoplelivinginthe以及后文“Sheleadsalifethatmanydreamof,butdon’tdaretogiveuptheircurrentlifeinexchangefor,”iFengwrote.可知凤凰网写道：“她过着许多人梦寐以求的生活，但却不敢放弃现在的生活。”由此可知，李子柒的简单乐趣让生活在嘈杂而紧张的大城市里的人们感到惊讶，但又不敢放弃现在的生活。划线短语意思为“嘈杂而紧张的生活”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Intoday’ssociety,manyfeelstressed,”shetoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost.“Whentheywatchmyvideosattheendofabusyday,Iwantthemtorelaxandexperiencesomethingnice,totakeawaysomeoftheiranxietyandstress.”可知“在当今社会，很多人感到压力很大，”她告诉《南华早报》。“当他们在忙碌的一天结束后看我的视频时，我希望他们能放松并体验美好的事物，消除一些焦虑和压力。”由此可知，根据李子柒的说法，制作视频的主要目的是把压力大的人从焦虑和压力中解放出来。故选D。CHaveyougotanaddictivenature?Areyouunabletostopyourselfjoininginyourfavoriteputergames?Thisprobablydescribesmostofusbecauseitsonlyhumannaturetonotwanttomissoutonsomethingthateveryoneelseistalkingabout.Mostcrazesarrivesuddenlyandenthusiasmforthemspreadsquickly.Theybeeatalkingpointonsocialmedia;wereadaboutthem,givethematryand,beforeweknowit,wearehooked(钩住).Inthepast,thesehavebeenobjectssuchastoysandgames.MaybeyouweretheproudownerofaRubik’scube,whichbecamethebestsellingtoyofalltimearound350millionhavebeensoldsofar.Nowtechnologyisdrivingthelatestcrazes.GamessuchasAngryBirdsandMinecraftarecrazesavailableonsmartphonesandputersthathavebeenhardtoputdown.Ouraddictiontocrazeshasbeenanalyzedbyscientists.Oneofthem,DrBenMichaels,aclinicalpsychologist,explainsthatwewanttoexperiencethebenefitthatanotherperson,orgroupofpeople,haveexperiencedfromsomethingandthis“hooksintoanancientevolutionary(进化的)fearofbeingleftbehindorabandonedbyourtribes”;wehavetojoininorloseout.Althoughbeingaddictedtoaputergamemightnotseemlikea‘benefit’,itcanatleastgiveyoupopularityamongyourfriends.Itallowsyoutolearnnewskillsandgivesyousomethingtotalkaboutatparties!Butfashionseandgoandmostcrazesarejustaflashinthepansoifoneofthemisnotyourcupoftea,don’tworry:there’llbeanewcrazearrivingverysoon.Lookattheaddictiontoloombands(橡皮筋)thoselittlebandsyoucouldmakejewelleryandotherthingsoutof.Forabriefperiodtheywerethemusthaveitemforanyschoolchild,nowthey’rethebargainbucketiteminadiscountshoporworsestill,trashfillingupourlandfillsites!Whatcrazeshaveyoubeenaddictedto?8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AlotofpeopleusuallytalkaboutthelatestcrazesontheInternet.B.Thetoy“Rubik’sCube”wasnotverypopularwhenitwaslaunched.C.Themajorityofcrazesusuallylastforalongtime.D.Loombandsarealwaysthrownawayinsomediscountshop.9.WhyarewesoaddictivetocrazesaccordingtoDr.Ben?A.Wejustwanttobenefitfromwhatothershaveexperienced.B.Wehavetheevolutionaryfearofbeingleftbehindormissingoutbyourgroups.C.Somecrazesaresoattractivethatwecan’trefusethem.D.Crazescanbringussomanybenefits.10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofbeingaddictedtoaparticularcraze?A.GettingpopularityamongyourfriendsB.LearningnewskillsC.HavingsomethingtotalkaboutatpartiesD.Improvingmunicationability11.Whatispossiblythebesttitleofthetext?A.TheAddictiontoputerGamesB.TheFearofMissingoutC.TheBenefitsofCrazesD.NatureofHumans【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“错失恐惧”这一心理现象。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中的“Thisprobablydescribesmostofusbecauseitsonlyhumannaturetonotwanttomissoutonsomethingthateveryoneelseistalkingabout.Mostcrazesarrivesuddenlyandenthusiasmforthemspreadsquickly.Theybeeatalkingpointonsocialmedia;wereadaboutthem,givethematry”可知这可能适用于我们大多数人，因为不想错过别人都在谈论的东西是人类的天性。大部分流行一时的东西是突然变得很受欢迎的，人们对它们的热情扩散的很快。它们会成为社交媒体上的话题;我们会了解它们并尝试。由此推知，因为不想错过别人都在谈论的东西，很多人经常会谈论网上最新的流行。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Oneofthem,DrBenMichaels,aclinicalpsychologist,explainsthatwewanttoexperiencethebenefitthatanotherperson,orgroupofpeople,haveexperiencedfromsomethingandthis“hooksintoanancientevolutionary(进化的)fearofbeingleftbehindorabandonedbyourtribes”;wehavetojoininorloseout.”可知本·麦克(博士临床心理学家)解释说,我们想体验另一个人或者另一群人从某个东西中获得的好处,而这种心理“引出了一种古老的进化了的恐惧，即害怕被我们的群体落下或抛弃。”;我们要么加入，要么出局。”也就是说我们对这种流行一时的东西这么狂热的原因就是因为有这种害怕被落下或抛弃的恐惧。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“itcanatleastgiveyoupopularityamongyourfriends.Itallowsyoutolearnnewskillsandgivesyousomethingtotalkaboutatparties!”可知这种上瘾但它至少能让你在朋友中更受欢迎。它能让你学到新技能，让你在聚会上有话题可谈。而选项D（提高沟通能力）在原文中并没有提到。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文第一段提出不想错过别人都在谈论的东西是人类的天性，后文进一步解释了这个心理现象，并引用心理学家的话解释了原因，最后一段作者提出时尚来来去去，大多数流行一时的东西只是昙花一现，所以不必追求潮流。也就是说全文是围绕人们不想错过最新的流行的东西这一件事再写，B项（害怕错过）可以体现这一心理，最能概括全文，故选B项。Dparedtoothercausesofnaturaldisasters,volcanoesoffercluesonlywhentheyareabouttoerupt.Now,however,developmentsinmonitoringsystemshaveallowedscientiststodevelopsensorstodetectandforecasteruptionsmoreaccurately.UniversityofCambridgevolcanologistMarieEdmondssaysthatscientistsarenowabletouseveryaccuratesensorstomonitorthegasesvolcanoesgiveout,whichcangivecluesonthelocationofthemagma.Thesensorshelpwithpredictionbecausedifferentgasesarereleasedatdifferentstagesofaneruption.Whenmagmarises,pressureisreleasedalongwithgases.Carbondioxideisreleasedearlyonandthen,asthemagmagoeshigher,Sulphurdioxideisreleased.Theratioofthetwogasesisusedtodetectthelocationofmagmarelativetothesurface,tellingresearcherstheingoftheeruption.EdmondsisconnectedtoaninternationalgroupknownastheDeepCarbonObservatorythathasworkedtoputnewgassensorsonfifteenofthemostactiveanddangerousvolcanoestoimprovetheforecastingofvarioustypesoferuptions.Thegassensorscontinuallymeasurewatervapor,sulphurdioxide,andcarbondioxide.Theyareplacedinsidelargeboxeswithsurfaceantennaeandburiedunderground.Advancesinelectronicshaveincreasedtheiraccuracyandloweredtheircost,allowingmoreofthemtobeusedworldwide.Puttingthesesensorsatopactivevolcanoesisdangerous.Scientistswearreflectivesuitsthatprotectagainstheat,plusgasmasksforprotectionfromdangerousgases.Theysometimeshikelongdistancesinremoteareastoreachasite.However,accordingtoEdmonds,theworktheydotosavepeople’slivesmakesadangerousjobworthit.Sheenjoysdoingsomethingthathelpspeople.Edmonds’teamhasalsoattachedsensorstoacertainplanetomeasuregasesreleasedfromaPapuaNewGuineavolcanoforashorttime,atechniquedevelopedtogather“snapshots”oftheactivity.Thesesnapshotshelpresearcherstobetterunderstandactivitiesthatleadtoeruptions.12.Howdosensorsdetectandpredictvolcaniceruptions?A.Bysendingwarningstoresearchers. B.Bytestingdifferentgasesreleased.C.Bymeasuringtheheatunderground. D.Bystudyingthesurroundinggases.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthegassensors?A.Theyshouldbeattachedtothemagma. B.Theyareavailablearoundtheworld.C.Theybeemoreaccurateandexpensive. D.Theycancheckvarioustypesoferuptions.14.Whyisitriskytoplacesensorsatopactivevolcanoes?A.Activevolcanoesmayeruptatanytime. B.It’shardtofindthetopofvolcanoes.C.Scientistsareshortofenoughsuitsandmasks. D.Thereisheatanddangerousgases15.Whatcanthesnapshotsdo?A.Predictvolcaniceruptionsearlier. B.Attractpeople’sattentiontovolcanoes.C.Collectmoreinformationforresearchers D.Avoidthedangeroftheresearchers’work.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。与其他自然灾害的原因相比，火山只有在即将爆发时才会提供线索。然而现在，随着监测系统的发展，科学家们已经能够开发传感器来更准确地探测和预测火山爆发。气体传感器通过检测释放出的不同气体来检测和预测火山爆发。同时剑桥大学火山专家MarieEdmonds与国际组织联系，将这种传感器安装在了15座最活跃、最危险的火山上，文章还介绍了Edmonds对火山预测所做的一些其他努力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Thesensorshelpwithpredictionbecausedifferentgasesarereleasedatdifferentstagesofaneruption.Whenmagmarises,pressureisreleasedalongwithgases.Carbondioxideisreleasedearlyonandthen,asthemagmagoeshigher,Sulphurdioxideisreleased.Theratioofthetwogasesisusedtodetectthelocationofmagmarelativetothesurface,tellingresearcherstheingoftheeruption.可知传感器有助于预测，因为不同的气体会在火山喷发的不同阶段释放出来。当岩浆上升时，压力和气体一起释放出来。二氧化碳在早期被释放出来，然后随着岩浆上升，二氧化硫被释放出来。这两种气体的比例可以用来探测岩浆相对于地表的位置，从而告诉研究人员火山爆发的来临。由此可知，传感器通过检测释放出的不同气体来发现和预测火山爆发。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中EdmondsisconnectedtoaninternationalgroupknownastheDeepCarbonObservatorythathasworkedtoputnewgassensorsonfifteenofthemostactiveanddangerousvolcanoestoimprovetheforecastingofvarioustypesoferuptions.可知Edmonds与一个名为“DeepCarbonObservatory”的国际组织有联系，该组织致力于在15座最活跃、最危险的火山上安装新的气体传感器，以提高对各种类型喷发的预测。由此可推知，世界各地都有气体传感器。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Puttingthesesensorsatopactivevolcanoesisdangerous.Scientistswearreflectivesuitsthatprotectagainstheat,plusgasmasksforprotectionfromdangerousgases.可知把这些传感器放在活火山上是危险的。科学家们穿着防热的反射服，外加防毒面具来保护自己免受危险气体的伤害。由此可知，活火山上的热量和危险气体，使得在活火山上放置传感器有风险。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Edmonds’teamhasalsoattachedsensorstoacertainplanetomeasuregasesreleasedfromaPapuaNewGuineavolcanoforashorttime,atechniquedevelopedtogather“snapshots”oftheactivity.Thesesnapshotshelpresearcherstobetterunderstandactivitiesthatleadtoeruptions.可知Edmonds的团队还在一架飞机上安装了传感器，用来测量巴布亚新几内亚一座火山短期内释放的气体，这项技术是用来收集火山活动的“快照”。这些快照有助于研究人员更好地了解导致火山爆发的活动。由此可知，快照可以为研究人员收集更多关于火山活动的信息。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FivesafesearchenginesforkidsWithschoolbackinsession,theInternetcanbeagreatresourceforhomework,butyoumightbeworriedaboutyourchildsurfinginappropriate(不合适的)websites.___16___.Therefore,yourchildcanhavethefreedomtolookthroughtheInternetwhileyouhavepeaceofmindthatheisstayingsafeonline.KiddleItisasafe,visualsearchengineforkidpoweredbyGoogle.ThefirstthreeresultstoeachquestionarekidsafesitesandpageswrittenspecificallyforchildrenandhandpickedbytheeditorsatKiddle.Kido’zItisapasswordprotectedbrowser(浏览器)thatcanbedownloadedandinstalledforfree.___17___.Anditcanblockyourchildfromanyinappropriateinformationwhileofferingavarietyofkidsafesites,games,videos,andotherenjoyablechoices.KidInfo___18___.Thesiteisorganizedbysubjectsfordifferentgrades,soyourkidcanfindageappropriatehelpersandskillbuilders.Inadditiontosubjecthelp,KidInfoalsolinkstootherhelpfulresources,andthelinksarecheckedweeklytoremoveanybrokenorinappropriateinformation.KindClick!ItwascreatedbylibrariansandisownedandrunbytheSchoolofLiberty.Thissitefocusesonaseriesofresourcesthatprovideageappropriateinformationondifferenttopics,sokidscanlookthroughbytopicoruseasearchenginetogetintothesite.___19___.Therearealsohelpfulresourcesforkidfacingtoughingissueslikebeingattackedorthedeathofafamilymember.___20___Itisasearchenginelimitedtoscholarlyworks,andcanhelpyourchildgainreliableinformationandresources.GoogleScholarcontainsnoinappropriateinformation,butmostoftheresourcesavailablemightbe.toodifficultforyoungerkidstounderstand.A.GoogleScholarBKidsSearchC.Whenopened,Kido’ztakesovertheentirescreenD.ItwillnotlistsitesthatcollectprivateinformationE.ItwasstartedbyateacherasaresourcetohelpkidswithhomeworkF.Itstopicsincludealmosteverythingfromhomeworkhelperstoclassicgames.G.Thesesafesearchenginesforkidsofferageappropriatesitesandwebpages【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.F20.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍五个安全的儿童搜索引擎。【16题详解】根据上文提示“学校又开是做作业的好资源，但是你可能会担心你的孩子浏览不合适的网站。”再根据下文提示“因此，你的孩子可以自由地浏览互联网，而你可以放心，他在网上是安全的。”由此可知，G项Thesesafesearchenginesforkidsofferageappropriatesitesandwebpages（这些安全的搜索引擎为孩子提供适合他们年龄的网站和网页）承接上下文，且该项与下文通过Therefore“因此”构成因果关系。故选G。【17题详解】根据下文提示“它可以阻止你的孩子接触任何不适当的信息，同时提供各种儿童安全的网站、游戏、视频和其他愉快的选择。”由此可知，C项Whenopened,Kido’ztakesovertheentirescreen（打开后，Kido'z接管整个屏幕）切题。下文中的it指代的就是该项中的Kido’z，故选C。【18题详解】根据下文提示“这个网站是根据不同年级的科目组织的，所以你的孩子可以找到适合自己年龄的助手和技能建设者。”由此可知，E项Itwasstartedbyateacherasaresourcetohelpkidswithhomework.（它是由一位老师创立的，用来帮助孩子们完成家庭作业。）中的代词it指代的就是下文中的Thesite，在下文中介绍了Thesite的用途。故选E。【19题详解】根据上文提示“这个网站专注于一系列资源，提供不同主题的适合年龄的信息，所以孩子们可以按主题浏览或使用搜索引擎进入网站。”再根据下文提示“还有一些有用的资源可以帮助孩子面对棘手的问题，如被攻击或家庭成员的死亡。”承接上下文，再根据下文中的also可知，F项Itstopicsincludealmosteverythingfromhomeworkhelperstoclassicgames.（它的主题几乎包罗万象，从家庭作业帮手到经典游戏。）符合题意。此处关键词是topics。故选F。【20题详解】该空是一个小标题，根据上面的小标题，它应该是一个名词或名词词组，所以在A/B项中选择。根据下文中GoogleScholarcontainsnoinappropriateinformation,butmostoftheresourcesavailablemightbe.toodifficultforyoungerkidstounderstand.“谷歌Scholar没有包含不适当的信息，但是大多数可用的资源可能对年幼的孩子来说太难理解。”由此可知A项符合题意。故选A。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HandSewing(缝纫)isaculturethatdancesonfingertips.Ithaspasseddownfromgenerationtogenerationand___21___variouschallenges(困难,挑战).Itisthefruitsofhumanwisdom.InChina,sewingisalso___22___asabasicskillforwomenintraditionalsociety.Theysewedfortheirparents,husbandsandchildren,duetowhichIalwaysthoughtthatsewingwasparticularlywarmand___23___.Mygrandmaisagentleoldlady.Like’manywomenofhertimeshehasa(n)___24___forsewing.Shemadeallmychildhoodclotheswithher___25___hands.Asababygirl,ratherthanplayingoutsidewithmymates,I___26___tostaywithmygrandmatohelphersew.Later,insteadofmakingclothes,mygrandmotherwouldsewglovesorinsolesforme.Shecannotstaywithmeallthetime,butshecaredaboutmeand___27___makingthesethingsforme.Thepainstakinglove___28___mealot.Itwasgrandmawhoinspiredmyloveforsewingandtaughtmehowto___29___loveandcare.Almostayearago,Iwas____30____tofindabirthdaypresentformyfriend,thenIthought____31____don’tIsewheragift?I____32____upmymindtomakeherapencilcase.Makinguseofmyolddenimskirt,Icutoutthepattern(图案),drewa____33____andthen____34____myselfinsewing.It____35____meabouttwohourstofinishitThereisno____36____thatitwasthemostdurable(耐用的)and____37____pencilcaseIcouldmake.Isentittomyfriendandwishedherahappybirthday.Icouldneverhave____38____howpowerfulthegiftis.Justyesterday,shecalledmeandsaid____39____everytimesheseesthepencilcase,shethinksofmeandgetsawarmfeeling.Sewingisafantastic____40____form,whichcanreallyconveyourloveandcare.21.A.created B.faced C.survived D.controlled22.A.voted B.viewed C.determined D.selected23.A.logic B.magic C.strange D.moving24.A.gift B.interest C.request D.advantage25.A.skillful B.rough C.powerful D.reliable26.A.decided B.preferred C.deserved D.directed27.A.insistedon B.turnedto C.gavein D.setout28.A.shocked B.upset C.rewarded D.warmed29.A.escape B.release C.express D.remove30.A.searching B.struggling C.concerning D.suffering31.A.why B.how C.when D.where32.A.showed B.chatted C.cut D.made33.A.case B.dress C.pencil D.design34.A.devoted B.educated C.buried D.trapped35.A.cost B.took C.spent D.paid36.A.wonder B.surprise C.possibility D.doubt37.A.useful B.loving C.selfless D.regular38.A.burst B.showed C.imagined D.proved39.A.which B.what C.when D.that40A.art B.cultural C.worth D.style【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.D34.C35.B36.D37.B38.C39.D40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是“缝纫”这门奇妙的艺术。手缝是一种指尖舞蹈的文化。它代代相传，经受住了各种挑战。它是人类智慧的果实。它作为礼物会给人带来别样的温暖。这种温暖一直在作者的家族中传承着，作者也将这种温暖传递给其他人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它代代相传，经受住了各种挑战。A.created创造；B.faced面对；C.survived艰难度过；D.controlled控制。根据第1空前后的Ithaspasseddownfromgenerationtogenerationand和variouschallenges可知，此处指经受住了各种挑战。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国，缝纫在传统社会中也被视为女性的一项基本技能。A.voted