新目标七年级（下）Units 1-5语法精讲+精练+答案

语法精讲1情态动词can的用法1.can的个性展示can本身有一定含义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语.情态动词can没有人称和数的变化.2.can的具体用法意为“能,会”,指脑力或体力方面的“能力”Ican

speakEnglish.我会说英语.Jimcan

swim,butIcan't.吉姆会游泳,但我不会.表示许可,意为“可以”,常用于口语中,这时相当于mayCan/MayI

comein?我可以进来吗?3.can的句式表演肯定句句式主语＋can+动词原形十其他否定句句式主语＋can't+动词原形＋其他一般疑问句句式及答语Can+主语十动词原形十其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语＋can.否定回答:No,主语＋can't.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词＋can+主语十动词原形十其他?4.can的巧记口诀表能力,要用can.陈述句里记特点.肯定can后加动原,否定can后not连.疑问句,can提前.肯定回答“Yes,主语＋can”.否定回答“No,主语＋can't.,”记心间.语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Ican't________(write)stories,Canyouhelpme,Mary?2.Mymothercan________(speak)Englishverywell.3.Whatcanyourbrother________(do)?4.MissLincan'tplaythepiano,butshecan________(sing)well.5.LittleTomcandraw,buthe________(cannot)dance.答案:1.1.write

2.speak

3.do

4.sing

5.can'tII.单项选择1.--________youtellusastoryinEnglish?--IthinkIcandoit.Letmetry.A.NeedB.CanC.ShouldD.Must2.--________Itakephotoshere?--Sorry,youcan't.It'snotallowedinthemuseum.A.MustB.NeedC.CanD.Will3.Weshouldlearnsomebasiclifeskillssincewe________dependonourparentssomeday.A.canB.can'tC.mustD.mustn't4.--Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?--IlikemusicthatI________danceto.A.canB.mustC.should

D.need5.--Thereisanewartmuseuminourcity.You________missit.--Thankyou.Iwon't.A.can'tB.mustC.

needn't答案:1.B考查情态动词辨析.句意:－你能用英语给我们讲一个故事吗？－我认为我能.让我试试.need需要;can能;should应当;must必须.故选B.2.C考查情态动词辨析.句意:－我能在这里拍照吗？－抱歉,你不能.博物馆不允许拍照.must必须;need需要;can能;will将.故选C.3.B考查情态动词辨析.句意:既然我们有一天不能依靠父母,我们就应当学会一些基本的生活技能.can能;can't不能;must必须;mustn't不应该.故选B.4.A考查情态动词辨析.句意:－你喜欢哪种音乐？－我喜欢能伴着跳舞的音乐.can能;must必须;should应当;need需要.故选A.5.A考查情态动词辨析.句意:－我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆.你不能错过它.－谢谢.我不会的.can't不能;must必须;needn't不必.故选A.III.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.MyfathercanspeakEnglishwell.(改为一般疑问句)________yourfather________Englishwell?2.Tomcanrideahorse.(改为否定句)Tom________________ahorse.3.Mr.Greencan

doChinesekungfu.(对画线部分提问)________________Mr.Green________?4.CanTomandJimdrawpictures?(作肯定回答)Yes,________________.5.play,can,Cindy,well,the,guitar(连词成句)___________________________________________________________________________________________?答案:1.Can;speak

2.can'tride

3.Whatcan;do

4.theycan5.CanCindyplaytheguitarwell语法精讲2一、频度副词定义用来表示频率的副词,叫频度副词.常见的频度副词有:always,

usually,often,sometimes,never等频度副词在句中的位置通常在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后Heis

alwaysbusy.他总是很忙.Iwill

neverforgetyou.我永远也不会忘记你.通常位于实义动词之前They

oftengoswimming.他们经常去游泳.sometimes可放在句首、句中或句尾Sometimes

shewatchesTV.她有时看电视.提问howoften意为“多久一次”-How

oftendoyoudrinkmilk?-你多久喝一次牛奶?-Every

day.-每天.二、一般现在时定义表达现在的状态,主语的性格、能力以及经常或习惯性的动作等动词形态变化主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式He

usuallytakesthebustoschool.他通常乘坐公交车去上学.主语不是第三人称单数,谓语动词用原形They

watchTVeveryday.他们每天都看电视.三、句式结构句式结构肯定句句式主语＋be/行为动词＋其他否定句句式主语＋be+not+其他主语＋don't/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他一般疑问句句式Be+主语＋其他?Do/Does+主语十动词原形十其他?语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Maryusually________(go)shoppingwithhermotheronSunday.2.________(do)Peter________(take)ashowerintheeveningorinthemorning?3.Lisa________(notdo)herhomeworkintheevening.4.Shenever________(eat)hamburgersforlunch.5.-WhattimeJack________(go)tobed?-At10:30p.m.答案:1.goes

2.Does;take

3.doesn'tdo

4.eats

5.does;goII.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.Mr.Greenusuallygoestoworkatseveno'clock.(改为一般疑问句)________Mr.Greenusually________toworkatseveno'clock?2.Annaalwaysplaysvolleyballafterschool.(改为否定句)Anna________playsvolleyballafterschool.3.Idomyhomeworkathomeonweekends.(改为否定句)I________________myhomeworkathomeonweekends.4.Lisa

sometimes

eatsbreadforbreakfast.(对画线部分提问)________________________Lisa________breadforbreakfast?5.Theyusuallyexerciseinthemorning.(用he改写句子)________usually________inthemorning.答案:1.Does;go

2.never

3.don'tdo

4.Howoftendoes;eat

5.He;exercises语法精讲3一、how引导的特殊疑问句1.直接由how引导的特殊疑问句询问交通方式Howdoes

shegettoschool?她是如何到校的?询问身体状况Howare

yourparents?你父母身体好吗?询问天气状况Howis

theweathertoday?今天天气怎么样?询问程度Howdo

youliketheTVshow?你觉得这个电视节目怎么样?2.由“how+形容词／副词”引导的特殊疑问句howlong意为“多长”,询问时间或物体的长度howfar意为“多远”,询问距离howoften意为“多久一次”,询问频率howold意为“多大”,询问年龄howmany意为“多少”,询问可数名词的数量howmuch意为“多少”,询问不可数名词的数量意为“多少钱”,询问价格二、交通方式的表达动词(短语)1.take

a/the+交通工具take

a/thesubway/bus/train/boat乘地铁／公共汽车／火车／船2.其他表达方式walk步行ride

a/the/one'sbike骑自行车drivea

car开车介词(短语)1.by+交通工具bybike骑自行车by

car/bus/train/subway/boat乘车／公共汽车／火车／地铁／船2.in/on+限定词十交通工具onthe

bus乘公共汽车inacar乘车3.固定表达方式onfoot步行语法精练I.根据句意填写疑问词(组),完成句子1.--_________doesLindagettoschool?--Shetakesthebus.2.--__________________doesittakeyoutogethomefromwork?--Abouttwentyminutes.3.--__________________isitfromhere?--Onehundredkilometers.4.--Iwalktoschool._________aboutyou,Jane?--Iridemybike.5.--__________________peoplearethereinthephoto?--Six.答案:1.How

2.Howlong

3.Howfar

4.How

5.HowmanyII.单项选择1.Iusually_________tothebusstop,andthengotoschoolbybus.A.bybikeB.onmybikeC.inmybikeD.ridemybike2.--_________doesBobusuallygotowork?--Heusuallyrideshisbike.A.WhatB.HowC.WhereD.Who3.--Excuseme._________isittotheEastStation?--Abouthalfanhourbytaxi.A.HowmanyB.HowlongC.HowfarD.Howold4.--_________doyouvisitUncleTom?--Onceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.Howsoon答案:1.D考查动词短语的用法.句意:我通常骑自行车到公交站,然后坐公交上学.I后面需要一个动词短语.故选D.2.B考查疑问词辨析.由答语“他通常骑自行车”可知,问句是询问上班的交通方式.故选B.3.C考查疑问词组辨析.句意:－打扰一下.到东站有多远?－－坐出租车大约半个小时.howmany多少;howlong多久;howfar多远;howold几岁.故选C.4.B考查特殊疑问词组辨析.由答语“每周一次”可知,问句是询问“你多久拜访一次汤姆叔叔”.提问频率用howoften.故选B.语法精讲4一、祈使句1.祈使句的定义表示请求、命令、建议、警告、劝说等的句子叫祈使句.在祈使句中,肯定句一般以动词原形开头,通常省略主语you;否定句在动词原形前加don't.2.祈使句的句式结构祈使句句式肯定句句式否定句句式P型:Please十动词原形十其他Please

standup.Please

don'tstandup.V型:动词原形十其他Lookat

theblackboard.Don't

lookattheblackboard.L型:Let+宾语十动词原形＋其他Lethergo.Don'tlet

hergo./Lethernotgo.B型:Be+表语Be

careful.Don'tbe

lateforclass!N型:No+名词／动名词／No

photos!Noparking!3.祈使句用法口诀祈使句,祈使句,请求、命令或建议.主语是you常省去,动词原形开头记.否定形式要注意,句首要把don't加.要讲客气用please,句首、句末没关系.二、must和

haveto辨析1.两者均意为“必须”.must更强调说话者的主观意愿,haveto强调客观需要,意为“不得不”.2.must一般只表示现在,没有人称和数的变化;而haveto则可以用于不同的时态,有人称和数的变化.3.两者的否定式含义大不相同.mustn't意为“不准;禁止”,而don'thaveto意为“不必”.【注意】以must开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto.语法精练1.用所给单词的适当形式填空1._________(finish)yourhomeworkfirst.2._________(notcome)tothezoobefore6o'clock,please.3.Please_________(be)quietintheroom.4.No_________(swim)intheriver!5.Theyhaveto_________(do)theirhomeworkwhentheygethome.答案:1.Finish

2.Don'tcome

3.be

4.swimming

5.doII.单项选择1.

_________playtheguitarhere,Jack.It'stoonoisy.A.Can'tB.NoC.Don'tD.

Doesn't2.--Jack,_________leavethedirtydishesinthekitchen!--Sorry,Mom.A.can'tB.

doesn'tC.don't3.

_________runinthehallway,children!A.Don'tB.NotC.Can't4.--CanIgooutwithLisa,Dad?--Yes,butyou_________comebackhomebeforefiveo'clock,You'llhaveanartlessonthen.A.mustB.canC.

mustn'tD.can't5.We_________benoisyinthelibraryandwe_________keepthebooksclean.A.haveto;mustB.must;

can'tC.haveto;can'tD.can't;

haveto答案:1.C考查祈使句.句意:不要在这里弹吉他,杰克.太吵了.祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.故选C.2.C考查祈使句.句意:－Jack,不要把脏餐具留在厨房里.－抱歉,妈妈.祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.故选C.3.A考查祈使句.句意:孩子们,不要在走廊里跑！祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.故选A.4.A考查情态动词辨析.句意:－爸爸,我可以和丽莎出去吗?－－是的,但你必须在五点钟之前回家.那时你要上一节艺术课.故选A.5.D考查情态动词辨析.句意:我们不能在图书馆里吵闹,我们必须保持干净.can't不能;haveto不得不.故选D.语法精讲5一、形容词形容词修饰名词,用以说明事物或人的性质和特征.它通常在句子中作定语、表语或宾语补足语等.句中成分说明示例定语一般修饰名词,置于名词之前Sheisa

happygirl.她是一个幸福的女孩.表语置于系动词(be,look,feel,sound等)之后,可以被程度副词very,too等修饰Thegirl

isbeautiful.这个女孩很漂亮.宾语补足语说明宾语的状态、特征等What

makesyousohappy?什么使你这么开心?二、特殊疑问句1.定义及答语特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句,其结构为“特殊疑问词十一般疑问句?”回答特殊疑问句不能用yes或no.回答时要针对具体情况来作出回答.2.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词,其用法归纳如下:Who意为“谁”,用于对主语(人称代词)进行提问Whom意为“谁”,用于对宾语(人称代词)进行提问When意为“何时”,用于对时间进行提问Where意为“哪里”,用于对具体地点进行提问How意为“怎样”,用于对方式进行提问Why意为“为什么”,用于对原因进行提问What意为“什么”,用于对某人的名字、职业等进行提问Which用于对“哪个;哪些”进行提问【注意】由why引导的特殊疑问句,一般要用because引导的从句来回答.because是连词,作“因为”讲,其后要接一个句子来陈述理由.例如:-Whydoesshedothat?-她为什么要那样做?-Becauseshewantstohelptheperson.-因为她想帮助那个人.语法精练I.单项选择1.--Don'tbe_________.Jack!Helpmecleantheroomrightnow!--OK,Mom.A.afraidB.lazyC.shyD.quiet2.--_________isJennyfrom?--ShecomesfromtheUS.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhenD.Where3.--_________doyoulikethisbook?--Becauseit'sexciting.A.WhyB.WhatC.HowD.Who4.Mybrotherisvery_________.Hecanalwaysmakenewthings.