Unit-3-An-American-Love-Affair市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

Unit3AnAmericanLoveAffair1/60IntroductiontotheAuthorBrockYatesisoneofthebest-known,mostrespectedautomotivejournalistsintheworld,whohasachievedrecognitioninthefieldsofmagazinewriting,books,screenwritingandtelevisioncommentary.HeisEditor-at-LargeandfeaturedcolumnistforCarandDrivermagazine.HeisalsoacommentatorfortheSpeedvisionofMotorsportsCableNetwork.From1984to1992heco-hostedtheaward-winningsportsseries,TheAmericanSportsCavalcadeandalsohostedhisownshow,TheGreatDriversontheNashvilleNetwork.HeworkedwithCBSSportsasacolorcommentatorfrom1976to1984.YateswrotethescreenplaysforTheCannonballRunandSmokeyandtheBanditII,bothstarringBurtReynolds.2/60IntroductiontotheAuthorHisbooksincludeTheDeclineandFalloftheAmericanAutomobileIndustry(EmpireBooks,RandomHouse,1983),DeadintheWater(anovel,Farrar,Straus&Giroux,1976),SundayDriver(Farrar,Straus&Grioux,1972)whichconcernedhisracingexperiencesintheSCCATrans-Amseries,andEnzoFerrari(Doubleday,1990)abiographyofthefamedcarbuilder.TheCriticalPath(1996)publishedbyLittle,BrownchronicledthedesignanddevelopmentoftheChryslerMinivan.HisbookaboutthesocialimpactofHarley-DavidsonmotorcyclestitledOutlawMachine(Little,Brown),waspublishedin1999.ApaperbackeditionisbeingpublishedbyBroadwayBooks.3/60IntroductiontotheAuthorYatesisawinneroftheKenPurdyAwardforAutomotiveJournalismandawinnerofthePlayboyMagazineawardforeditorialexcellence,aswellasnumerousotherjournalismprizes.Hehaswrittenextensivelyforplayboy,LIFE,SportsIllustrated,AmericanHeritage,Reader’sDigest,AmericanSpectator,theWashingtonPostSundayMagazineandTheWallStreetJournal.Aswellasnumeroustelevisiondocumentaries.Heisalsoanactivecommentatoronautomotiveindustrymattersandhasappearedonanumberofmajortelevisiontalkshows,includingToday,TheTonightshow,CBSMorningNewsandThisweekwithDavidBrinkleyonCNNandTheNewsHourwithBrianWilliamsonMSNBC,TheFoxNewsNetwork,PBSandcountlessradiotalkshowsaroundthenation.4/60IntroductiontotheAuthorWhilehavingretiredfromactivecompetition,heremainsclosetoautomobileracingasajournalistandcommentator.Hisleisuretimeisoccupiedwithhighspeedboats,motorcycleriding,shootingandotheroutdoorsports.HecollectsandracesvintageAmericanracingcars.HemarriedPamelaYatesandhasfourchildren.TheymaketheirhomeinthetinyUpstateNewYorkvillageofWyoming,wherehisCannonballRunPubispartofhiswife’sbusinesscomplex.TheyspendtheirsummersinAlexandriaBayinthe1,000IslandsregionoftheSt.Lawrence.Heislistedinthe1995ofWho’swhoinAmerica.5/60QuotedfromBrockYatesIadmittowastingmylifemessingaroundwithfastcarsandmotorcycles.HadIbeenmoreresponsibleImighthavemadesomethingofmyselfasajunkbondtrader,long-haultruckerorperhapsaplumbingcontractor.Asitis,IwasraisedinasmallUpstateNewYorktown(Lockport),graduatedfromHobartCollegeandspentfouryearsintheNavybeforedriftingintojournalism.Myfather,RaymondF.Yates,wasasuccessfulwriteroftechnicalnonfictionandsuchalifeseemedareasonablealternativetorealwork.6/60QuotedfromBrockYatesIn1964IjoinedthestaffofCarandDriver(nowtheworld’slargestautomotivemagazine)asManagingEditoralthoughmyemployerswereunawarethatIcouldneithermanagenoredit.Regardless,Ididrisetotheeditorshipbeforeembarkingonafreelancecareerinthelate1960’s.DuringtheensuingyearsIracedcarsandwroteabookonmyexperiencesandorganizedtheinfamouscannonballcoasttocoastraces.IwroteseveralBurtReynoldsmovies(SmokeyandtheBanditIIandCannonballRun)anddidnationalmagazines(Life,AmericanHeritage,SportsIllustrated,TheOldHouse,Reader’sDigest,etc.)andwroteTheCriticalPathforLittle,Brown&Co.in1996.7/60QuotedfromBrockYatesDivorcedfrommyfirstwifein1978,ImarriedthemagicalPamelaReynoldsandmovedtoawonderfulhouseinthegas-litvillageofWyoming,NY.Ihavefourgrownchildrenandtwotinygrandchildren.Muchofourquiettimeisspentboatingandgenerallyloafingatoursecondhomeinthe1,000IslandsontheSt.LawrenceRiver.Morebooks,moreracingandmorefoolishnesswithcarsandmotorcyclesareintheworks.8/60IntroductiontotheTextAmericanslovetheircars.Morethanjustameansoftransportation,theautomobileisanidentity,awayoflife,asymboloffreedom.Theauthorofthisessaydescribeshisfathernotbyhisjoborhisappearance,butratherdescribeshimas“aBuickman”–asifthebrandofcarownedwastheprimaryaspectofhisfather’sidentity.Althoughenvironmentalistsmaydisapprove,BrockYatesarguesthatAmerica’sloveofcarsinfactplaysakeypartinpeople’slifestyles,thelayoutofcities,andthenationaleconomy.9/60IntroductiontotheTextButlikeanyloveaffair,intemperancecanbreedtrouble.Excessiverelianceontheautomobilehasresultedinpollution,“urbansprawl”(theextensionofurbanareasfartherandfartherawayfromthecitycenter),trafficjams,andcountlessdeathsandinjuriesfromaccidents.Criticsoftheautomobilearguethatthesolutiontotheseevilsistomovepeopleintopublictransportation,suchasbusesandtrains.Yatesanswersthesecriticsbysayingthattheproblemsassociatedwithcarscanbesolvedthroughbettertechnology,andinanycase,Americansarenotwillingtogiveupthefreedomoftheircars.“Likeitorhateit,”SaysYates,“thecarisheretostay.”10/60Par.1MyfatherwasaBuickman.(line1)MyfatherdroveaBuickcar.Butlikethousandsofotherupwardandmobilecitizen,hefacedasevereadjustmentinhisautomotivetastebecauseofthetragicshiftintheeconomy.(lines2-4)Butlikethousandsofotherpeoplewhotriedtorisefromalowertoahighereconomicorsocialclassandwhomovedalot,heencounteredadifficultchangefromdrivingaStutzcartoaBuickcar,alessexpensivecarbecauseofthetragicstate/conditionoftheeconomyatthattime.11/60Par.1Tothedayhedied,hisBuicksweremorethanmundanetransportationmodules.(lines4-5)Tothedayhedied,hisBuickcarswerenotonlyhismode/methodoftransportationbutalsosymbolizedhiseconomicandsocialclass.Theydefinedhimintheclassstructure-betteroffthanaPontiacman,notaswelloffasaCadillacman-andofferedhiminstantidentificationonthesociallandscape.(lines5-8)Buickcarsstatedhissocialpositioninsociety-richerthanaPontiacowner,notsorichasaCadillacowner-andclearlyshowedhissocialstatus.12/60Par.1EquallywellpositionedweretheFordmenandChryslermen.(lines8-9)TheFordownersandChryslerownersalsotooktheirsocialpositioninthesamemannerastheBuickmen.13/60Par.2Theseloyalties,hardwonandsupremelyvalued,formagranite-likefoundationforthespecialbondweAmericansenjoywithourautomobiles.(lines1-3)Theseloyalties(faithfullybuyingand/orpraisingaparticularbrandofcar),whicharewonthroughgreateffortsandaregreatlyappreciated,formasolidfoundationforthatspecialfeelingoflovethatconnectsAmericanswithourcars.14/60Par.2Thewordmaybeoverwrought,butAmericansreverethesemachinesaboveallothers-notonlyasobjectsof20thcenturyrollingsculpturebutalsoassocialamulets.(lines3-5)Theword“love”maybeoverstated/toostrong,butAmericansworshiptheircarsmorethananyothermachine-notonlyas20thcenturypiecesofmobilityart,butalsoassocialjewelrywornbecauseautomobilesproclaim/establishaperson’ssocialstatus.15/60Par.2TheverythoughtofsuchvelocityelectrifiedmenandlentcredencetomynicknamingthesmartbeastBlackBeauty,afterthemysteriousmachinepilotedbytheGreenHornetinsidetherecessesofthefamilyPhilco.(lines8-11)TheverythoughtofsuchspeedexcitedmenandgavevaliditytomynamingDad’sfirstfancyBuick“BlackBeauty”afterthemysteriousmachine(thecar)drivenbytheGreenHornet(acartoonfigure)heardonradioprogramIlistenedtoonthePhilco-brandfamilyradio.HereinsidetherecessesofthefamilyPhilcoreferstothespeakerboxofthePhilcowhichproducesthesoundsthathelppeopleimaginethemysteriouscarbeingdrivenbytheGreenHornet.16/60Par.2credencen.:qualityofsthwhichmakespeoplebelieveitistruee.g.I’mnotpreparedtogivecredencetocomplaintsmadeanonymously.Thoseviewsweretooextremetogaincredencefromthepractical-minded.17/60Par.3Wepreentheminourdriveways,cursethemwhentheyfailandlamenttheirpassingattrade-intime.(lines)Wecleanandpolishtheminourdrivewaysinfrontofourhouses,blamethemwhentheybreakdownandfeelsorryaboutlosingthemwhenweexchangetheoldcarsfornewonesatthecardealers.lamentv.:feelsorryabout;e.g.Hedeeplylamentedthedeathofhiswife.Helamentsthechangingpatternoflifeinthecountryside.n.:strongexpressionofgriefThebandwasplayingalament.passionatelament18/60Par.4Thisisaloveaffairthatannoysenvironmentalists,safetyadvocatesandsocialengineerswhobelievethatthepathtoparadiseisoverlaidwiththeshiningrailsofmasstransit.(lines1-3)Thistendencytogivecarshumanstatusisaloveaffairthatannoysenvironmentalists,safetyadvocatesandsocialengineerswhoholdthatthepathtoparadise(ahappylife)iscoveredwiththeshiningrailsofpublictransportation.(Publictransportationleadstoahappylife.)19/60Par.4Theyseeuspackedintofuturisticbicycles,notbehindthewheelsofwhatonefeveredcriticdenouncedas“insolentchariots.”(lines3-5)Theyseeuscrowdedintomodernbicycles,notbehindthesteeringwheelsofourowncarswhichoneexcitedcriticcursedasproud,showywarvehicles.Themobilityrepresentedfirstbytherailroad,thentheautomobile,hastraditionallyunsettledtheprivilegedclasses.(lines5-7)Theeaseofbeingabletomovefromoneplacetoanother,assymbolizedfirstbyrailroadandthentheautomobile,hasusuallydisturbedtheupperclasses.20/60Par.4TheDukeofWellington,brilliantonthebattlefieldbutnotedforhisdisdainforthegreatunwashed,opposedthedevelopmentoftheBritishrailwaysystem150yearsagobecausetrainswouldonlyencouragethecommonpeopletomovearoundneedlessly.(lines7-11)TheDukeofWellington,whowasbrilliantonthebattlefieldbutwell-knownforlookingdownuponpeopleoflowerclasses,objectedtothedevelopmentoftheBritishrailwaysystem150yearsagobecausetrainswouldonlyencouragetheordinarypeopletohavepurposelessmobility.21/60Par.4disdainv./n.:dislike(of)sb.orsth.thatyoufeeldoesnotdeserveyourinterestorrespecte.g.Theoldermusiciansdisdainthenew,rock-influencedmusic.Thelocalcitizensshowedtheirdisdainof/fortheforeignartists.unwashedadj./n.:(an)ignorantorlow-class(group)e.g.Popularsupportlayintheunwashedsocialstratum.22/60Par.4Becausetheacceptedpartylineisthatautomobilespollute,kill,maimanddisplacepopulationsatacontemptiblerate,thesoonertheyareexcisedfromtheplanet,thebetter(andtakewiththemtheclutterofshoppingmalls,drive-ins,andjunk-foodstores).(lines1l-15)Becausetheacceptedpublicviewisthatcarspollute,kill,injureandmovepopulationsatadispleasingrate,thesoonertheyareremovedfromtheearth,thebetter(andremovewiththemadisorderedmessofshoppingcenters,drive-ins(differentplacesthatallowpeopletostayintheircars,suchasdrive-inbanks,drive-inmovietheatres,etc.),andfast-foodstores)23/60Par.4theacceptedpartyline:theofficialviewtakenbyapoliticalparty,hereitreferstotheviewtakenbyenvironmentalists.contemptibleadj.:deservingorprovokingdisdaincontemptn.:[U]astrongfeelingofcombineddislikeandlackofrespect;disdaincontemptuousadj.:showingdisdaine.g.Forapersoninapositionofsuchresponsibility,herbehaviorwascontemptible.Hewasverycontemptuousof“popular”writers,whomhedescribedastalentlessandworthless.24/60Par.5Whileenvironmentalistsfret,themultitudesdriveon.(line11)Althoughenvironmentalistsworryabouttheeffectsofcars,themajorityofpeoplecontinuetodrivethemunconcernedly.25/60Par.626/60Par.7farmimplements(line5)farmmachinessuchastractors,threshingmachines,etc.27/60Par.828/60Par.9urbansprawl(line1)urbanexpansionfreewayn.(line1)highway29/60Par.9Butthefactremainsthatdriversbythemillionsareunwillingtoforgothefreedomofmovement(althoughsometimesslow)forthepodlikeconstrictionofmasstransit.(lines2-4)Butthefactremainsthatmillionsofdriversareunwillingtogiveuptheirfreedomforpublictransportation,whichconfinesthemintoasmallspace,insteadofallowingthemtodrivetheirowncars(althoughsometimesslowlyduetotrafficjams).forgov.:dowithout;giveupe.g.Theworkersagreedtoforgoapayincreaseforthesakeofgreaterjobsecurity.thepodlikeconstrictionofmasstransit:asituationinwhichyouareconfinedinaverysmallspace(likepeasinapod)whiletakingpublictransportation30/60Par.10Ifonlypeoplewouldclimbaboardthebusesandtrainsthegovernmenthassothoughtfullyprovided.Ifonlypeoplewouldbehave!(lines1-3)Howwewishthatpeoplewouldgetonboardthebusesandtrainswhichthegovernmenthassocarefullyprovided.Howwewishthatpeoplewouldactastheyshould.Ifonly:thispatternisusedtoexpressawishordesire.Withthisuse,thereisoftennomainclausetogowiththeif-clause.e.g.Ifonlyhewouldarriveintime!IfonlyDadcouldseemenow!31/60Par.10Itofferssuchfreedomthat,shortofatotalredesignofthenation’scitiesandthecompletelybanningofautosfromvastareasofthenation,theautomobilewillremainintegraltomodernlife.(lines4-7)Themodernautomobileprovidesthemuchloved/cherishedfreedomofmovementthat,unlessthegovernmentweretototallyredesignthenation’scitiesandentirelyprohibitcarsfromvastareasofthenation,theautomobilewillremainessentialtomodernlife.shortof:exceptfor;before(reachingorachieving)e.g.Shortofunexpecteddelayonhisway,hewillarrivebytomorrow.Wewillneverstopshortofthegoal.32/60Par.10Itmightbethatevenifeverylastmileofpavementweretornup,everylastparkinggarageleveled,everylastservicestationclosed,theautomobilewouldchangeintoamoreadaptableformandcontinueastheessentialproviderofindividualtransport.(lines7-11)Itmightbethatevenifeverylastmileofpavementwereremoved,everylastparkinggarageleveledandeverylastgasstationclosed,theautomobilewouldberedesigned,adaptingtothenewsituationandremainingasanessentialmeansofindividualtransportation.tearup:destroybybreaking(it)intopiecese.g.Parks,onceburstingwithflowers,werenowbeingtornupinfavoroffactories.Shefoldedtheletter,intendingtotearitupandthrowitoutofthewindow.33/60Par.11ecosystemn.(line6,para.11):ecologicalsystem34/60KeytoComprehension—A1.Theauthor’sfatherenjoyedamiddle-classstatus.HewassatisfiedwithAwhathehadachievedandattemptedtorisetoahighersocio-economicposition.2.“They”inline5,para.1referstoBuickstheauthor’sfatherdroveinhisdays.Thecarsonedrivescanimmediatelyshowone’ssocio-economicstatus.3.Faithfullybuyingand/orpraisingaparticularbrandofcar.Love,revere,socialamulets,brag,electrify,smart,beast,BlackBeauty,andmysteriousmachinearethewordsandexpressionsthatshowsuchafeeling.4.Thedifferenceliesinthefactthatcarsenjoyanthropomorphicstatus.Theyaretreatedasmembersofthefamilyandhavetheirownnames.Peoplecursethemwhentheyfailandfeelsorryforthemwhentheytradethemin.35/60KeytoComprehension—A5.Theyseeautomobilesnegatively.TheauthorgivestheexampleoftheDukeofWellingtontoillustratehowtheprivilegedclassesdidnotencouragecommonpeopletohavethefreedomtomovearound.6.Automobilesarethecauseofmanyproblems.Theyarethecauseofdeath,injury,andpopulationmovement.Thereforetheyshouldbeabandonedassoonaspossible.7.Automobileshavecontributedtotheexpansionofmanymetropolitanareasbecausetheymakemonumentalpopulationshiftspossible,thusresultinginexpandingcities.Thelastsentenceimpliesthatpeoplewillcontinuetomoveinlargenumbersbymeansofautomobilesnomatterhowworriedenvironmentalistsareaboutit.36/60KeytoComprehension—A8.Theauthorgivesthesestatisticstosupporthisideaexpressedinthelastsentenceofthepreviousparagraph,“Whileenvironmentalistsfret,themultitudesdriveon.”Thereforethisparagraphisasupportingparagraph.37/60KeytoComprehension—A9.(1)problem:Carshurtpeople.solution:Automobileshavebeenmademuchsaferbymeansofvarioustechnologicaladvances.(2)problem:Carspollute.solution:a.Advancesinfuelqualityandefficiency,andinmicroprocessedenginetechnology,haveradicallycutemissions.b.Theeliminationofpoorlytuned,agingcarsorvehiclesfromthehighways,whichaccountfor50%oftheemissions.(3)problem:Carsarethesourceoftrafficjamsandurbansprawl.solution:a.Peopletakethebusesandtrainsthegovernmenthassothoughtfullyprovided.b.Peoplebehaveproperly.38/60KeytoComprehension—A10.Becausetheyhighlyvaluetheirfreedomandwanttocontroltheirowndestiny.Intheworldtodaypeoplehavefewerandfewerchoicesandthisistheirownchoice,thoughitisnotperfect.11.Becausethemodernautomobileofferssuchfreedomthatitwillremainintegraltomodernlife.12.Wewilllivewiththeautomobiledespitealltheproblemsithasbroughtwithit.39/60KeytoVocabulary&Structure—A1.d2.f3.j4.a5.i6.h7.g8.e9.c10.b1.mobility2.toll3.accommodate4.landscape5.sprawled6.implement7.legitimate8.transit9.electrified10.pickup40/60KeytoVocabulary&Structure—B1.integral2.betteroff3.sprawling4.emissions5.metropolitan6.ban7.commuters8.clutter9.accommodate10.displaced41/60KeytoVocabulary&Structure—C1.fromcoasttocoast2.thegreatunwashed3.revere4.denounce5.toreup6.Shortof7.arenotedfor8.constriction9.wasguiltyof10.welloff42/60KeytoVocabulary&Structure—D1.C.overcrowded2.B.worthy3.A.sitting4.D.recovered5.D.innonsmokersandnondrinkers6.D.poured7.B.unawareof8.C.recent9.C.outofthequestion10.B.understands43/60KeytoVocabulary&Structure—E1.move2.drive3.down4.wheels5.out6.without7:majority8.imagine9.realize10.plagued11.burns12.that13.to14.what15.But16.done17.altogether18.on19.electricity20.practical44/60KeytoTranslation&Writing—A在历史上，吉普车以其能适应各种路况出众性能而著称于世。这种美名能够追溯到二战期间，当初由威利斯企业生产最初型号吉普车载着盟军部队驰骋于太平洋沿岸及欧洲战场。

《麦氏汽车驾驶大全》一书认为，”吉普”这个名字起源于美国军队决定把这种车辆叫作GP（forGeneralPurpose）即多功效车之意。而后，GP这两个字母读音被误发成为“吉普”，并成为威利斯企业享受商标名称。1988年吉普为克莱斯勒企业全部，今后该企业投入了大量资金更新改造吉普车生产设备，提升吉普车产量并开发各种新车型应市。克莱斯勒企业称，吉普车在战争年代享受盛名以及其坚固耐用形象无疑会有利于它在和平时期树立其作为休闲娱乐车新形象。该企业说，吉普为休闲、越野车开发了新市场，它有强劲4轮牵引装置（商业上称为4轮驱动），过去军用吉普车曾所以而享誉四方。45/60KeytoTranslation&Writing—B1.Theautomobilewasimprovedveryrapidlyafteritwasinventedandsoondisplacedhorses.2.Wemayhavetocutdownonthenumberofprivatelyownedcarsanddependmoreonmasstransitsystemsbecausecarspolluteandmaimorevenkillpeople.3.Whilewheels(automobiles)havebroughtwiththembetterormoreconvenienttransportation,theyareguiltyofmanysins,suchasairpollution,trafficaccidentsandtrafficcongestion.4.Americansarenotedfortheirloveforcarsandgreatjobmobility.5.Ifonlyadvancesinfuelqualityandefficiencyandintechnologywouldradicallyreducetheemissionsfromautomobiles.46/60KeytoTranslation&Writing—B6.AhighlydevelopedhighwaynetworkhasmadepossibletheeasymovementfromcoasttocoastintheUnitedStates.7.Theverythoughtofthespeedatwhichthebeautifulavenuewasconstructedelectrifiedeveryvisitor;theroadhadonlyrecentlybeentornuptolaydrain-pipesnotlongago.8.Environmentalistshavedenouncedautomobiles,believingtheyareamajorfactorintheproductionofdirtyair.9.Manynewresidentialcomplexeshaverisenupinthesuburbsofmetropolitancitiesbecauseoftheavailabilityofconvenientpublictransportation.10.Despitetheirloveforcars,manypeoplelendcredencetotheextensiveuseofthepublictransportsystem,whichcancutdownontrafficcongestion.47/60KeytoReading1.B2.A3.D4.C5.D48/60ChineseVersionoftheText—1美国人挚爱布鲁克·耳俘茨我父亲是别克车一族。在经济大萧条之前，他开是斯杜兹车。不过因为那次经济上悲剧性转折，同其它干千万万节节上升、四处奔走人们一样，父亲在汽车品味上面临重大调整。直到他逝世那一天，他开别克车不但仅是普通交通工具，还给他在社会等级结构中定了位—比开蓬迪艾克车人富一些，但还赶不上开卡迪拉克车人—而且在整个社会环境中，他所驾驶车能立刻显示出其身份，一样能够展示其富裕身份还有驾驶福特车和克莱斯勒车人们。NextSlide49/60ChineseVersionoftheText—2这种来之不易并被高度重视对车忠诚，为我们美国人所喜欢那种与车之间特殊联络，构筑了坚如磐石基础。这就是爱吗，这个词可能有矫揉造作之嫌，不过美国人对车恭敬胜于一切—不但把它看作20世纪滚动雕塑，也看作是社会护身符。我记得第一辆别克车是一鹏黑程亮轿车，配有厚厚马海毛椅套和新式无级变速杆。父亲喜欢吹嘘说它