福建省三明市第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期8月月考（开学考）英语试题

三明一中2023-2024学年第一学期开学考试高二英语试题本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1、答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2、作答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁;考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichanimalisinthefield?A.Acow.B.Ahorse.C.Asheep.2.Whogotapromotion?A.Liza.B.Emily.C.Henry.3.WhatdidTimdislikeabouthislastjob?A.Facingdangersontheroadtrips.B.Workingbyaverynoisygarage.C.Beingawayfromhomeforlong.4.Whycouldn’tthemanunderstandthewoman’saunt?A.Shespeaksinsignlanguage.B.Shespeakswithanoddaccent.C.Shespeaksadifferentlanguage.5.Whatshouldtheman’ssondoaccordingtothewoman?A.Spendmoretimestudying.B.Takepicturesofhisfriends.C.Becomeamemberofaclub.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whathappenedtotheboyinthebasketballmatch?A.Heinjuredhisleg.B.Hefailedtoscoretheball.C.Heleftthematchhalfway.7.Whywastheboydisappointed?A.Histeamlostthematch.B.Heperformedbadlyinthematch.C.Histeammatesdidn’ttreathimasahero.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.AtwhatpricewasTheScreamsold?A.82.5milliondollar.B.106.5milliondollars.C.119.9milliondollars.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthepaintings?A.Theircommercialvaluealwayschanges.B.They’rebecomingmorevaluablethanbefore.C.Theygetmuchappreciationfrompersonalcollectors.听下面一段对话，回答第10至13四个小题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A.Inashop.B.Onthephone.C.Inanapartment.11.Whatneedstobedealtwithfirst?A.Theswitch.B.Thefridge.C.Thewaterheater.12.What’swrongwiththegaswaterheater?A.Itcan’tbeused.B.Itssealisbroken.C.Itisoutofordersometimes.13.WhenwilltheAgencysendpeopletosolvetheproblems?ANextTuesday.B.ThisTuesday.C.NextThursday.听下面一段对话，回答第14至17四个小题。14.Whatdoesthemanthinkhisparentswillbuyhim?A.AT-shirt.B.Apairoftrainers.C.Apairofsunglasses.15.Whowenttopickupthespeakers’parents?A.Theirneighbor.B.Theirgrandpa.C.Theirgrandma.16.Whichroomwillthemanclean?A.Thebedrooms.B.Thebathroom.C.Thelivingroom.17.Whatwillthespeakershavetodointhekitchen?A.Cleanthefloor.B.Washthedishes.C.Fillthefridge.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhatpercentageofseniorsintheUKwouldtalkwiththreepeopleaweekatmost?A.Over20%.B.Just26%.C.About55%.19.Whatweremorethanhalfofseniorsafraidof?A.Leavingtheirhomes.B.Takingearlyretirement.C.Partingfromtheirchildren.20.Whatdidthesurveyof2,000Britishaged16-45show?A.One-thirdofthemwantedtohelpseniors.B.30%ofthemfelttooshytotalkwithseniors.C.Aminorityofthemworriedabouttheirelderyears.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFemalejournalistswhochangedtheworldHelenThomasHelenwasaWhiteHousereporterwhohadafrontrowseatofhistoryassheinterviewedtenAmericanpresidentsacrosshercareer.Shewaspraisedforhercrueldrive,withoneWhiteHousepresssecretarydescribingherquestioningastorture(拷问).Herrefusaltohideherstrongopinions,evenwhenaskingquestionstoapresident,madeheroneofthebest-knownjournalistsinWashingtonandaruleinherfield.MarieColvinThepassionateandaward-winningAmericanjournalistMarieColvinworkedasaforeignreporteratTheSundayTimesfrom1985untilshediedinFebruary2012,whilecoveringtheSiegeofHoms(霍姆斯的围攻)inSyria.MariecrossedintoSyriaonthebackofamotorcycle,ignoringtheSyriangovernment’sattempttopreventforeignjournalistsfromenteringthecountry.MaryGarberIn1946,sportsjournalismwasaman'sjobwherefemalesportswritersweren'tallowedtoenterpressboxes.MaryGarberchangedthatbypavingthewayforfemalesportswriters.Shefirstcoveredhighschoolsportsandthenreportedoncollegeathletics.InJune2005,shebecamethefirstwomantoreceivetheAssociatedPressSportsEditors'RedSmithAward,presentedannuallysince1981formajorcontributionstosportsjournalism.AnnLeslieFewreportershavefiledstoriesfrommorethan70countries,butBritishjournalistAnnLeslieisconsideredauniqueforceinjournalism.Becausethe73-year-oldwomanhaswitnessedandreportedonsomeofthemostsignificanteventsofthelate20thcentury.ShewastherewhentheBerlinWallcamedown,andshelosthershoesinthecrushwaitingforNelsonMandela'srelease.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHelenfromParagraph1?A.ShemadefriendswithtenAmericanpresidents.B.Shelikedtomakeherstrongopinionsknown.C.Sheoftengotintotroubleduetoherquestions.D.ShewasregardedasthebestjournalistinAmerica.2.FromParagraph2wecaninferthatMarieColvin.A.wasaverybravewomanB.enjoyedridingamotorcycleC.wasawardedbytheSyriangovernmentD.waskilledbytheSyriangovernment3.Whoopensthedoorforwomensportsreporters?A.HelenThomas. B.MarieColvin. C.MaryGarber. D.AnnLeslie.BWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.CAlanMathisonTuringwasborninEnglandin1912.Likemanytalentswhogoontogreatthings,Turingshowedhisincredibleintelligencefromaveryyoungage.Infact,bythetimehewashalfwaythroughprimaryschool,Turing’steachershadalreadyrealizedhewasamathematicalgenius.Hecoulddocomplexcalculatinginhisheadeventhoughhehadneverbeentaughtaboutit.Fortunately,TuringwastheoppositeofHawking,andheabsolutelylovedschool.Proofofthisistheextremelengthshewouldgojusttogettoclass.Forexample,ononeoccasionwhentherewasatrainstrike,Turingevencycled60milestoattend.Nowthat’sdevotion!However,inspiteofTuring’sscholarlyattitudeandhisobviousgenius,histeachershadtheirconcernsabouthisfuture.Thisisbecausewell-knownschoolsinBritainliketheonesTuringattendedregardedtheClassics,suchasLatinandGreekasthemostimportant,notsubjectslikemathsandscience.Turing’sproudteachersevenwroteletterstohisparentsaskingthemtoconvincetheyoungmantofocusmoreontheClassics.ImaginehowdifferenttheworldmightbeiftheyoungTuringhadlistenedtohisteachers!Thankfully,hisloveforallthingsscientificandmathematicalmeanttherewasnochanceofthat.Afterfinishingsecondaryschool,TuringcompletedadegreeinmathematicsatKing’sCollegeCambridge,andthenobtainedhisPhDfromPrincetonUniversityintheUSA.ItwasduringtheseuniversityyearsthatheinventedtheTuringMachine,whichisconsideredbymanypeopletobetheearliestversionofacomputerprocessingunit.Itsoundsunbelievablethatanybodycouldhaveinventedsomethingwhichwassimilartoacomputerin1936.ButthatjustshowshowfaraheadofhistimeAlanTuringwas,evenwhenhewasstillayoungman.8.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTuringaccordingtoparagraphs1-2?A.HemaintainedinterestintheClassics.B.Herejectedattendingfamousschools.C.Heshowedastrongdesireforschooling.D.Heignoredparents’adviceoncourseselection.9.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheTuringMachine?AHearguesit’sstilllimitedinmanyfunctions.B.Hethinksit’sinfluentialincomputerhistory.C.Hedoubtsifitistrulyinventedbyayoungman.D.Heconsiderstheconstructionofsuchmachinesimpossible.10.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toindicatethelinkbetweengeniusandsuccess.B.ToillustratetheinventionoftheTuringMachine.C.Tostresstheimpactofteachers’guidanceonTuring’slife.D.TointroduceTuring’sgenius,scholarlyattitudeandachievement.11.WhatdoesTuring’sstorytellus?A.Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.B.Ordinarypeoplehope,whiletalentedpeoplecreate.C.Contentedwithlittle,yetwishingformore.D.Chancesfavorthemindsthatareprepared.DChatGPT,designedbyOpenAItocarryonconversationsjustlikehumans,hasbecomeaviralexcitement.TheAI-poweredtoolwentfromzerotoamillionusersinjustfivedays!Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromtheinternetandarchivedbooks.Itisfurthertrainedbyhumans.ThismakesChatGPTausefultoolforresearchingalmostanytopic.“Wehavealotofinformationontheinternet,butyounormallyhavetoGoogleit,thenreaditandthendosomethingwithit,”saysRicardo,chiefscienceofficerandco-founderofAIcompanyErudit.“Nowyou’llhavethisresourcethatcanprocessthewholeinternetandalloftheinformationitcontainsforyoutoansweryourquestion.”ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.Itdependsontheinformationthatithasbeentrainedon.AsaresulttheAItoolworkswellforthingsthathaveaccuratedataavailable.However,whenunsure,ChatGPTcangetcreativeandflowoutincorrectresponses.OpenAIcautionsuserstochecktheinformationnomatterhowlogicalitsounds.Also,ChatGPThasonlybeentrainedwithinformationtill2021.Hence,itcannotberelieduponforanythingthathappenedafterthat.ExpertsbelieveChatGPThaslimitlesspotentialtosolvereal-worldproblems.Itcantranslatelongtextsintodifferentlanguages,createcontentonalmostanytopic,andevensummarizebooks.However,ChatGPThasreceivedmixedreactionsfromeducators.Somebelieveitcouldserveasavaluabletooltohelpbuildliteracyskillsintheclassroom.Itcouldalsobeusedtoteachstudentsdifficultscienceormathconcepts.ButothereducatorsthinkChatGPTwillencouragestudentstocheat.Theyfearthiswillpreventthemfrombuildingcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskills.Asaresult,manydistrictsarestartingtobanitsuseinschools.12.WhatistheuniquefeatureofChatGPT?A.Ithasartificialintelligence. B.Itcananswerusers’questions.C.Ithasthelargestnumberofusers. D.Itcanengageinmeaningfulconversations.13.WhatmakesChatGPThelpfultoresearchvarioustopics?A.Itscapabilityofinformationprocessing. B.Itsaccurateinformation.C.Itsavailabilityofup-to-datedata. D.Itsvastbodyofquestions.14.WhydoChatGPTusershavetobecautiouswhenusingit?A.ChatGPTisunabletothinkitself. B.ChatGPTlackscreativity.C.ChatGPToffersillogicalinformation. D.ChatGPTisnotproperlytrained.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChatGPT?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Objective. D.Intolerant.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。ResearchfromHarvardUniversity’sWyssInstitutehavemade“roboticshorts”thatcanhelppeopleuselessenergywhentheywalkorrun.____16____Amotorontheuser’sbackpullscablesconnectedtothelaps.Inthepast,suchdeviceshavefocusedonlyonhelpingpeoplewalkorrun,butnotboth,sincewalkingandrunningusedifferenthip(臀部)movements.Butacomputerontheshortscantellwhichwaytheuserismoving,____17____Theresearchersfoundthatthemainbenefitoftheshortswasreducingtheenergypeopleneededtowalkorrun.Intests,theenergyneededforwalkingwasreducedby9.3percent.____18____Lessenergywasneededbothonflatgroundandonhills.Theresearcherssaidthatwhiletheshortsweighabout5kilograms,movingwiththemmakesusersfeellighter.Thetestsshowedthatapersonwalkingwiththedevicewouldfeel4kilogramslighter,____19____Theteamnowalsowantstomakethedeviceitself40percentlighter.Theyhopetheshortscanhelppeopleindangerofinjuryatworkandthosewhowanttoimprovetheirphysicalperformance,____20____ConorWalsh,whohelpedleadthestudy,sayshehopessuchdeviceswillbeavailabletoeveryoneinthefuture.A.aswellasthosewithdisabilities.B.Areyoueagertopossesssuchkindofshorts?C.andsomeonerunningwouldfeel5.7kilogramslighter.D.Forrunning,peopleneededabout4percentlessenergy.E.butthoseexcellentathletesarealsoabletobenefitfromrunning.F.Theshortsaremadeofsoftmaterialandaredesignedtobeeasytomovein.G.allowingthedevicetoprovidetherightkindofassistanceforbothmovements.第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AteenagerfromNewYorkhasinventedalow-costtooltospotelephantpoachers(偷猎者)inrealtime.AnikaPuri,17,wonthe2022PeggyScrippsAwardforScienceCommunicationforhermodelofamachine-learning-drivensoftwarethat____21____movementpatternsinthermalinfrared(热红外线)videosofhumansandelephants.“I’mveryexcitedbythe____22____focusingonendangeredspeciesandenvironmentalscience,”Purisaid.DuringarecenttriptoIndia,Purirealizedthatelephantswerestillbeing____23____fortheirtusks.“Iwasquiteshocked.”Purisaid.“BecauseIalwaysthought.‘Well,poachingis____24____:howcomeitreallyisstillsuchabig____25____?”Overthenexttwoyears,Puri____26____thesoftwareEISa(shortforelephantsavior).Thiswildlifepoacherdetectionsolutionisbasedona____27____process:anEISacameraattachedtoaniPhone____28____overaparkonadrone(无人机)and____29____themovementsofelephantsorhumans.Purisaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmore____30____thanexistingstate-of-the-artdetectionmethods.Italsoremovesthe____31____forexpensivehigh-resolution(高分辨率的)thermalcameras.The17-year-old’sinventionhasearned____32____fromnotablescientists.“Puri’ssoftwareisqutsadmirable”,saysJasperEikelboom,anecologist.“It’squite____33____thataseniorhighschoolstudenthasbeenableto____34____suchasolutionlikethis.Notonlytheresearchandtheanalysisbutalsobeingableto____35____itinthemodels.”21.A.changes B.repeats C.analyzes D.encounters22.A.theory B.invention C.intention D.discovery23.A.killed B.raised C.protected D.defeated24.A.common B.foolish C.typical D.illegal25.A.issue B.relief C.burden D.responsibility26A.sold B.created C.obtained D.downloaded27.A.cheap B.secure C.simple D.gradual28.A.flies B.flows C.jumps D.spreads29.A.directs B.detects C.guides D.prevents30.A.costly B.complex C.accurate D.scientific31.A.need B.trouble C.difference D.preference32.A.income B.praise C.argument D.confidence33.A.crucial B.abnormal C.beneficial D.remarkable34.A.makeup B.takeup C.putupwith D.comeupwith35.A.hide B.absorb C.apply D.evaluate第II卷第三部分:语言运用第二节单句填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。36.TuYouyou,a________andpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China.(commit)(所给词的适当形式填空)37.__________(use)alowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.（所给单词适当形式填空）38.ItisindeedanhonorforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicine_______(spread)aroundtheworld.(所给词的适当形式填空)39.Inthefuture,wewillbeusingadvancedtechnologyeverydaythat________(automatic)controlsjusteverythinginourhome.(用所给词的适当形式填空)40.Today,wehavetouse________(switch)forourlightsandknobsforourappliances.(用所给词的适当形式填空)41.Manydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldlivehappilyinthe________(absent)ofnewtechnology.(用所给词的适当形式填空)42.BetternothangoutwithSamthen.He________(work)onhiscriticalarticle.(用所给词适当形式填空)43.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientists________theobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria.(用适当的词填空)44.Yourlightwillcomeon_________instantyouenterthedoorofyoursmarthome.(用适当的词填空)45.Nevertheless,itwilltakesomeyears___________mostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology.(用适当的词填空)第三节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sorapidlydoesthetechnologydevelopthatnoonecanpredictwhatmayhappeninthefuture.Thenumberof5GusersinChinahasreached20percent,whichleavesthepeopleintheworld____46____(amaze).InChina,operatorsarequicktoprovideconstantnationwidecoverage,____47____(ensure)usersaconsistentexperience.Theyalsoofferflexibleservicepackagesthatdeliversabeneficialresultforbothusersan