2015年上海高考英语试卷及答案

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

上海英语试卷

（已反复核对，希望最大限度保证准确）

考生注意：

1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）

和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选

择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得

分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后

的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷（共103分）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsb

etweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionw

illbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequesti

onswi1Ibespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthe

questionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,a

nddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhavehear

d.

1.A.Impatient.B.Confused.C.Pleased.D.Regretful.

2.A.Atabusstop.B.Atalaundry.C.AtthedentistJs.

D.Atthechemist,s.

3.A.Anactor.B.Asalesman.C.Atranslator.D.Awriter.

4.A.Helosthisclassmate,shomework.B.Hecan,thelpthewoma

nwithhermath.

C.Hebrokethewoman,scalculator.D.Hedoesn,tknowwheret

he"on”buttonis.

5.A.Thewomanshouldgotoanothercounter.

B.Thewomangivesthemansomanychoices.

C.Themandislikesthesandwichesofferedthere.

D.Themanishavingtroubledecidingwhattoeat.

6.A.Shehasnoideawheretofindtheman,sexamresult.

B.Sheisn'tailowedtote11studentstheirgrades.

C.Dr.Whitehasn'tfinishedgradingthepapers.

D.Dr.Whitedoesn,twanttobecontactedwhilehe,saway.

7.A.Movetoaneatdormitory.B.Findapersontosharetheirapart

ment.

C.Cleantheroomwiththeroommate.D.Writeanarticleaboutth

eirroommate.

8.A.Bobwon'ttakeheradvice.

B.Bobdoesn,twanttogoabroad.

C.Shedoesn'tthinkBobshouldstudyoverseas.

D.Shehasn'ttalkedtoBobsincehewentabroad.

9.A.ThesnackbarisnJtusuallysoempty.B.Dessertisservedin

thesnackbar.

C.Thesnackbarisnearthelibrary.D.Snacksaren,tallowed

inthelibrary.

10.A.Takeherbieyeletotherepairshop.B.Leaveherbieyeleout

side.

C.Cleanthegarageaftertherainstops.D.Checkifthegarage

isdry.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyo

uwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassag

eswi1Ibereadtwice,butthequestionswi1Ibespokenonlyonce.W

henyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpap

eranddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyou

haveheard.

Questions1lthroughl3arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Ithelpscareforcustomers,dogs.B.Youhavetobuyfoodfo

rdogs.

C.Noneofthedogsarecaged.D.ThereisadognamedPrincess.

12.A.Shelikesthefoodthere.B.Sheenjoysthefunwithapet.

C.Shecanhavefreecoffee.D.Shedoesn,tliketobealone.

13.A.Anewkindofcafe.B.Anewbrandofcoffee.

C.Anewhomeforpets.D.Anewwaytoraisepets.

Questionsl4throughl6arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Atrendthathighachieversaregivenalowersalary.

????B.Aviewthat1ifequalityismoreimportantthanpay.

????C.Adreamoftheyoungforfast-pacedjobs.

????D.Anewtermcreatedbyhighachievers.

15A10%??????????R.7%

16.?A.Peoplearelesssatisfiedwiththeirlives.???B.Thefina

ncialinvestmentmayincrease.

???C.Well-paidjobsarenoteasytofind.??D.Unexpectedproble

msmayarise.

SectionC

Directions:InSectionC,youwi1Iheartwolongerconversations

.Theconversationswi1Ibereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconver

sation,youarerequiredtofi1linthenumberedblankswiththein

formationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet

Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Completetheform.Writefi^E,^Z^foreachanswer.

SRT

ServiceNotes

AccountNo.:??????17??

ServiceRequest:?Checkthe??18??

Solutions:?Sendanother??19?(?2p.m.on??2

0?)

Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Comp1etetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSioreachanswer.

InwhatwayaretheseclimberTheyareal1??21??.

sspecial?

WhydidtheychoosetoconqueToprove22.

rMountKi1imanjaro?

WhatdidtheydointimeofdifTheypersevered,23eachother.

ficulty??

HowdidtheyrecordtheiradvBykeeping??24??.

enture?

II.Grammarandvocabu1ary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fi11intheblanks

tomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Forthe

blankswithagivenword,fi11ineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitsea

chblank.

(A)

Giftfromastranger

?Mylocalsupermarketisalwaysbusy.Thefirstparkingspacelfo

undwasconvenient,butI'dnoticedawomaninabluecarcircling

forawhile.(25)Iwasinagoodmood,Iletherhaveit.Onthee

dgeofthecarparklbackedintothenextavailablespot—itwasat

ightfit.

PrettysoonI?dmademywaythroughthesupermarketandwasb

ackinthefreshair.Feelinggood,I(26)(empty)mypursech

angeintothehandsofahomelessmanandhelpedastrugglingwoman

reversepark.

Justaslapproachedmycar,IsawthewomanI?dlethavemycar

spotearlier.Shewasgivingme(27)oddlook—halfpuzzled

,halfintent(,热切

的).Ismiledandwishedherapleasantday.Aslsqueezedbackinto

mycar,Isawthesamelady(28)(look)inatme."Hello,“sh

esaid,hesitantly."This(29)soundcrazybutIwasonmywa

ytodropsomeofmymother?sthingsoffatthecharitybins.Youar

ejustsomuch(30)her.Youhelpedthosepeople,Inoticed,a

ndyouseemedsohappy."Shelookedatmemeaningfullyandpassed

aboxinthroughthewindow."Ithinkshewouldlikeyoutohaveit.

“(31)(shock),Itookitfromherautomatically.Shesmile

dandwaIkedaway.

Afterapause,lopenedthebox.Insidewasabeautifulgoldne

cklacewithalargegreypearl.Itwas(32)(nice)giftl*de

verreceived,anditwasfromacompletestranger.Thenecklacewa

saroundmyneck,awarmreminderofhumankindness.

(B)

AskHelpfulHannah

DearHelpfulHannah,

I'vegotaprob1emwithmyhusband,Sam.Heboughtasmartpho

neacoupleofmonthsago,andhetookitonourrecentskivacation!

oColorado.Itwasagreattripexceptforoneproblem.Hehasacons

tanturge(33)(check)fortextmessages;hecheckshisphon

eeveryfiveminutesIHe7ssoaddictedtoitthathejustcan,tst

andtheidea(34)theremaybeanimportanttext.Hecan'the

Ipcheckingevenatinappropriatetimeslikewhenweareeatingin

arestaurantandlamtalkingtohim'Hebehaves(35)an

ysmallamountofboredomcanmakehimfeeltheneedtocheckhispho

neevenwhenheknowsheshouldn?t.Thetemptationtosee(36)_

_iscontactinghimisjusttoogreat.Whenlaskhimtopleaseputd

ownthephoneandstop(37)(ignore)me,hesays,Inaminut

e,“butstillcheckstoseeif(38)haspostedsomethingnew

onthelnternet.Ourlife(39)(interrupt).Ifwegosomewhe

reandlaskhimtoleavethephoneathome,hesuffersfromwithdraw

alsymptoms.Maybethisdependencyonhissmartphonehasbecomem

orethananeverydayproblem.

Irecentlyreadanarticleaboutunomophobia,“(40)

isareali1Inesspeoplecansufferfrom:thefearofbeingwithout

yourphone!lamworriedthatSammaybesufferingfromthisilines

sbecausehefeelsanxiousifhedoesn,thavehisphonewithhim,e

venforashorttime.

Whowouldhavethoughtthatlittledeviceslikethesecouldh

avebroughtsomuchtrouble!

ickandTiredSadie

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingtheword

sinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonew

ordmorethanyouneed.

A.accessB.alternativesC.assignedD.confirmedE.conflictin

gF.elementsG.functionH.innovativel.prospective

J.separateK.supporting

Consideringhowmuchtimepeoplespendinoffices,itisimpor

tantthatworkspacesbewe11designed.We11-designedofficespa

ceshelpcreateacorporation,simage.Theymotivateworkers,a

ndtheymakeanimpressiononpeoplewhovisitandmightbepotenti

al,or41,customers.Theymakebusinessesworkbetter,andtheya

reapartofthecorporateculturewelivein.

Aswemoveawayfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoaknowledg

e-basedone,officedesignershavecomeupwith42tothetraditio

nalworkenvironmentsofthepast.Thedesignindustryhasmoveda

wayfromafixedofficesetupandcreatedmoreflexible“strateg

icmanagementenvironment."These43solutionsaremeanttosup

portbetterorganizationalperformance.

Asemp1oyee/?7erarchies（等级制度）

haveflattened,ordecreased,officedesigners?responsetoth

ischangehasbeentomoveopen-planareastomoredesirablelocat

ionswithintheofficeandcreatefewerformalprivateoffices.T

heneedforincreasedflexibilityhasalsobeen44bychangesinwo

rkstationdesign.Officesandworkspacesoftenarenot45toagiv

enpersononapermanentbasis.Becauseofchangestomethodsofwo

rking,newdesignsallowforexpansionormovementofdesks,stor

age,andequipmentwithintheworkstation.Anotherimportantde

signgoaliscommunication,whichdesignershaveimprovedbylow

eringthewallsthat46workstations.Designershavealsocreate

dinformalgatheringplaces,andupgradedemployees?47toheav

ilytraffickedareassuchascopyandcoffeerooms.

Corporateandinstitutionalofficedesignersoftenstruggl

etoresolveanumberofcompetingandoften48demands,including

budgetarylimits,employeehierarchies,andtechnologicalinn

ovation

(especiallyinrelationtocomputerization).Thesedemandsm

ustalsobebalancedwiththeneedtocreate77?t6,r/oz's(内饰)

thatinsomewayenhance,establish,orpromoteacompany?simag

eandwillenableemployeesto49attheirbest.

Allthese50ofofficedesignarerelated.Themostsuccessful

officedesignsarelikeagoodmarriagethewell-designedoff

iceandtheemployeesthatoccupyitareseeminglymadeforeachot

her.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefou

rwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewo

rdorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Ifyoustudiedpicturesthatancientpeopleleftonrockwall

sandyoutriedtodeterminetheirmeaning,youwouldnotdetectad

eepinterestinromanceamongtheartists.皿，youwouldseeplent

yofanimalswithpeoplerunningafterthem.Lifeforancientpeop

leseemedtocenteronhuntingandgatheringwildfoodsformeals.

Inmoderntimes,whenfoodisavailableingrocerystores,fi

ndingloveismore52topeople,slives.The53isallaroundus.It

iseasytopreparealistofmodernstorieshavingtodowithlove.A

nendlessnumberofbooksandmoviesqualifyaslovestoriesinpop

ularculture.

Researchersarestudyingwhetherlove,ahighlyvaluedemot

ionalstate,canbe54.Theyask,whatislove?Toothpastecompani

eswantustothinkattractionisallaboutcleanteeth,butcleant

eethgoonlysofar.Scientistswonderhowmuchthebraingetsinvo

Ived.Youhaveprobablyheardthatoppositesattractbutthat55a

ttract,too.Onethingiscertain:Thetruthaboutloveisnotyets

etinstone.

Firstlmpression

Tohelpdeterminethe56ofattraction,researcherspairedl

64collegeclassmatesandhadthemtalkfor3,6orl0minutessothe

ycouldgetasenseofeachother?sindividuality.Thenstudents

wereaskedto57whatkindofrelationshiptheywerelikelytobuil

dwiththeirpartners.Afternineweeks,theyreportedwhathappe

ned.

Asitturnedout,their58judgmentsoftenheldtrue.Student

sseemedto59atanearlystagewhowouldbestfitintotheirlives.

The60Knows

Scientistshavealsoturnedtononhumanstoincreaseunders

tandingofattraction.Manyanimalsgiveoffpheromones—natur

alchemicalsthatcanbedetectedby,andthencanproducearespon

sein,otheranimalsofthesamespecies.Pheromonescansignalth

atananimaliseitherreadytofightorisfeeling6j_topartnershi

ps.Incontrast,humansdonotseemtobeas62asotheranimalsatde

tectingsuchchemicals.Smell,however,doesseemtoplayaparti

nhumanattraction.Althoughwemaynotbeawareofchemicalslike

pheromonesconsciously,wegiveandreceiveloadsofinformatio

nthroughsmellineveryinteractionwithotherpeople.

FaceValue

Beingfondofsomeoneseemstohaveanumberoffactors,inclu

dingseeingsomethingwefindattractive.Researchershadpeopl

ejudgefacesfor63.TheparticipantshadO.013secondstoviewea

chface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredtheimagesthesam

easpeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.Thewaywe64at

tractivenessseemstobesomewhatautomatic.

Whenshownanattractivefaceandthenwordswithgoodorbada

ssociations,peoplerespondedto65wordsfasterafterviewinga

nattractiveface.Seeingsomethingattractiveseemstocauseha

ppythinking.

51.A.Instead?B.ThereforeC.Moreover?D.Otherwise

52.A.romantic?B.stressfulC.central?D.beneficial

53.A.priority?B.proof?C.possibilityD.principle

54.A.tested?B.imposedC.changed?D.created

55.A.appearancB.virtuesC.similaritiesD.passions

es??

56.A.illustratB.implicationsC.ingredientsD.intentions

ions

57.A.predict?B.investigate?C.diagnoseD.recall

58.A.critical?B.initial?C.randomD.mature

59.A.memorize?B.distinguish?C.negotiateD.question

60.A.Nose?????B.Eye?C.HeartD.Hand

???

61.A.open?????B.alertC.resistant?D.superior

?????

62.A.disappoinB.amazed?C.confused?D.gifted

ted???

63.A.emotionsB.attractiveneC.individualitD.signals

ss?y?

64.A.enhance??B.possessC.maintain?D.asses

??????

65.A.familiar?B.plain?C.positiveD.irritating

99999

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisf

ollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreach

ofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneth

atfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyou

havejustread.

(A)

LooktomanyofhistoryJsculturalsymbols,andthereyou,1

IfindanancestorofFrosty,thesnowmaninthemovie/^oze??.Itap

pearedonsomeofthefirstpostcards,starredinsomeoftheearli

estsilentmovies,andwasthesubjectofacoupleoftheearliestp

hotos,datingallthewaybacktothel800s.Idiscoveredevenmore

aboutoneofhumanityJsearliestformsoffolkartduringsevera

lyearsofresearcharoundtheworld.

Forexample,snowmenwereaphenomenonintheMiddleAges,bui

1twithgreatski1landthought.Atatimeoflimitedmeansofexpre

ssion,snowwaslikefreeartsuppliesdroppedfromthesky.Itwas

apopularactivityforcouplestoleisurelywalkthroughtowntov

iewthetemporaryworksofchillyart.Somewerecreatedbyfamous

artists,includingal9-year-oldMichelangelo,whoinl494wasa

ppointedbytherulerofFlorence,Italy,tobuildasnowmaninhis

mansion*scourtyard.

TheMiracleof1511tookplaceduringsixfreezingweekscalle

dtheWinterofDeath.TheeityofBrusselswascoveredinsnowmen

—animpressivescenethattoldstoriesoneverystreetcorner.S

omewerepoliticalinnature,criticizingthechurchandgovernm

ent.SomewereareflectionofpeopleJsimagination.Forthepeo

pleofBrussels,thiswasadefiningmomentofartisticfreedom.A

tleastuntilspringarrived,bywhichtimetheyweredealingwith

damagingfloods.

Ifyoufeartheheydayofthesnowmanhaspassed,don'tworry:

I'velearnedthatsomeexplosivesnowmanhistoryisstillbeing

madetoday.Everyyearsincel818,thepeopleofZurich,Switzerl

and,celebratethebeginningofspringbyblowingupasnowman.On

thethirdMondayofApril,theholidaySechsel?uteniskickedoff

whenacottonsnowmancalledtheB??ggisstuffedwithexplosivea

ndparadedthroughtownbybakersandothertradesmenwhothrowbr

eadtothecrowds.TheparadeendswiththeB??ggbeingplacedona4

0-footpileoffirewood.Afterthebel1softheChurchofSt.Peter

haverungsixtimes,representingthepassingofwinter,thepile

islit.Whenthesnowmanexplodes,winterisconsideredofficial

lyover—thequickeritisburntdown,thelongersummerissaidto

be.

66.Accordingtothepassage,whydidsnowmenbecomeaphenomenon

intheMiddleAges?

A.Peoplethoughtofsnowasholyartsupplies.

B.Peoplelongedtoseemasterpiecesofsnow.

C.Buildingsnowmenwasawayforpeopletoexpressthemselves

D.Buildingsnowmenhelpedpeopledeveloptheirskillandtho

ught.

67.uTheheydayofthesnowmann(paragraph4)meansthetimewhe

n.

A.snowmenweremademainlybyartists

B.snowmenenjoyedgreatpopularity

C.snowmenwerepoliticallycriticized

D.snowmencauseddamagingfloods

68.InZurich,theblowingupoftheBooggsymbolizes

A.thestartoftheparade

B.thecomingofalongersummer

C.thepassingofthewinter

D.thesuccessoftradesmen

69.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutsnowmenfromthepassage?

A.Theywereappreciatedinhistory

B.Theyhavelosttheirvalue

C.Theywererelatedtomovies

D.Theyvaryinshapeandsize

(B)

ScaryBunny

TheCurseoftheWere-Rabbit(2^^isthefirstfull-lengthf

eaturefilmmadebydirectorsNickParkandSteveBoxwiththeiram

azingplasticine(粘

土)charactersWallaceandGromit.Itwonan0scarin2006,andify

ouwatchit,you,llunderstandwhy.lt'sanabsolutelybrillia

ntcartooncomedy.

Cheese-lovinginventorWallaceandhisbrainydogGromithav

estartedacompanytoprotectthetown,svegetablesfromhungry

rabbits.However,justbeforetheannualGiantVegetableCompet

ition,anenormousrabbitbeginsterrorisingthetown.Itisatta

ckingallthevegetablesanddestroyingeverythinginitspath.T

hecompetitionorganizer,LadyTottington,hiresWallaceandGr

omittocatchthemonsteralive.Buttheywi1Ihavetofindthewere

-rabbitbeforegun-crazyhunterVictorQuartermainewhoisdesp

eratetokillit.

Thescreenplayiswittyandfullofamusingvisualjokes.Asus

ual,thevoiceofPeterSallisisabsolutelyperfectfortheroleo

fWallace,andGromitissobeautifullybroughttolife,hecanexp

ressahugerangeofemotionswithoutsayingaword.AndbothHelen

aBonham-Carter,whoplaysthepartofLadyTottington,andRalph

FiennesasVictorarereallyfunny.

Tosumup,TheCurseoftheWere-RabbitisanamazingfiImwhich

issuitabieforbothchildrenandaduIts.IfyoulikedWallaceand

GromitJspreviousadventuresandyouappreciatetheBritishse

nseofhumour,you?lllovethisfilm.Don?tmissit!

70.Inthefilmreview,whatisparagraphAmainlyabout?

A.Theintroductiontotheleadingroles????????????B.Thew

riter?sopinionofacting

C.ThewriterJscommentsonthestory??????????????D.Theb

ackgroundinformation

71.Accordingtothefilmreview,“themonster”(paragraphs)r

efersto.

A.agun-crazyhunter?????????????????????????????B.abr

ainydog

C.ascaryrabbit????????????????????????????????D.agia

ntvegetable

72.Whichofthefollowingisareasonwhythewriterrecommendsth

efilm?

A.It'sfullofwitandhumour.

B.Itscharactersshowfeelingswithoutwords.

C.ItisanadventurefiImdirectedbyPeterSallis.

D.11isabouttheharmonybetweenmanandanimals.

（0

OneoftheexecutivesgatheredattheAspenlnstituteforaday

-longleadershipworkshopusingtheworksofShakespearewasdis

cussingtheroleofBrutusinthedeathofJuliusCaesar."Brutus

wasnotanhonorableman,vhesaid.uHewasatraitor（叛

徒）.Andhemurderedsomeoneincoldblood."Theagreementwast

hatBrutushadactedwithcrueltywhenotheroptionswereavailab

letohim.Hemadeabaddecision,theysaid—atleastasitwaspres

entedbyShakespeare—totaketheleadinmurderingjuliusCaesa

r.AndthoughoneoftheexecutivesacknowledgedthatBrutushadt

hegoodoftherepublicinmind,Caesarwasneverthelesshissuper

ior.uYouhavetounderstand,“theexecutivessaid,uourpoli

cyistoobeythechainofcommand.”

Duringthelastfewyears,businessexecutivesandbookwrite

rslookingforanewwaytoadvisecorporateAmericahavebeenexpl

oitingShakespeareJswisdomforprofitableends.Nonemoresot

hanhusbandandwifeteamKennethandCarolAdelman,well-knowna

dviserstotheWhiteHouse,whostartedupatrainingcompanycall

edMoversandShakespearesw.TheyareamateurShakespearesc

holarsandShakespearelovers,andtheyhavecombinedtheirpass

ionandtheirhighlevelcontactsintoamanagementtrainingbusi

ness.Theyconductbetween30and40workshopsannually,focusin

gonhalfadozendifferentplays,mostlyforcorporations,butal

soforgovernmentagencies.

Theworkshopsalltakethesameform,focusingonasingleplay

asakindofcasestudy,andusingindividualscenesasspecificle

ssons.InjuliusCaesar,forexample,Cassius,sslyprovocatio

n（狡诈的挑唆）

ofBrutustotakeuparmsagainstCaesarwasabasisforadiscussio

nofmethodsofteambuildingandgrassrootsorganising.

AlthoughneitheroftheAdeImansisacademicallytrainedini

iterature,theprogrammescontainplentyofShakespearetradit

ionandbackground.Theirworkshopon〃emy匕forexample,inclu

desahelpfulexplanationofHenryJswinningstrategyattheBat

tleofAgincourt.ButtheydocometothetextwithafewZ?/ases（偏

向）:theirreadingofjTeTJzyHninimizeshismisuseofpower.Inste

ad,theyemphasizethestoryoftheyouthwhoseizesopportunitya

ndbecomesamasterfulleader.AndattheworkshoponCaesar,Mr.A

delmanshadlittlegoodtosayaboutBrutus,saying“thenoblest

Romanofthemall,,couldn,tmakehismindupaboutthings.

Manyoftheparticipantspointedtoveryspecificelementsin

theplaythattheyfelttoberelated.Caesar'spride,whichledt

ohismurder,andBrutus7smistakesinieadingthe?traitorsaft

erthemurder,theysaid,raisevitaiquestionsforanyoneservin

ginabusiness:whenandhowdoyouresisttheboss?

73.Accordingtoparagraphl,whatdidalltheexecutivesthinkof

Brutus?

A.Cruel.??????????????B.Superior.??????????C.Honorab

le.????????D.Rude

74.Accordingtothepassage,theAdelmanssetup“MoversandSha

kespeares"to.

A.helpexecutivestounderstandShakespeare,splaysbette

r

B.giveadviceonleadershipbyanalyzingShakespeare,spla

ys

C.providecasestudiesofShakespeare,splaysinliteratur

eworkshops??

D.guidegovernmentagenciestofollowthecharactersinShak

espeare'splays.

75.WhydotheAdelmansconductaworkshoponTTeT?/^^?

A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcatchingopportunities.

B.Toencouragemasterfulleaderstoplanstrategiestowin.

C.Toi1lustratetheharmofprejudicesinmanagement.??

D.Towarnexecutivesagainstpowermisuse.

76.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.theAdeImans'programmeprovesbiasedastherolesofchar

actersaremaximized.

B.executivesfeelboredwithtoomanyspecificelementsofSh

akespeare,splays.

C.theAdeImanswi1Imakemoreprofitsiftheyareprofessiona

Ischolars.

D.Shakespearehasplayedanimportantroleinthemanagement

field.

77.Thebesttitleforthepassageis.

A.Shakespeare'splays:Executivesreconsidercorporatec

ulture

B.Shakespeare'splays:Anessentialkeytobusinesssucces

s

C.Shakespeare'splays:alessonforbusinessmotivation

D.Shakespeare'splays:Dramatictrainingbringsdramatic

results

SectionC

Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestio

nsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Youthsporthasthepotentialtoaccomplishthreeimportant©

bjectivesinchildrenJsdevelopment.First,sportprogramspr

ovideyouthwithopportunitiestobephysicallyactive,whichca

nleadtoimprovedphysicalhealth.Second,youth-sportprogram

shavelongbeenconsideredimportanttoyouth,spsychosociald

evelopment,providingopportunitiestolearnimportantlifesk

illssuchascooperation,discipline,leadership,andself-con

trol.Third,youthsportprogramsarecriticalforthelearningo

imotorskills(运动技

能);thesemotorskillsserveasafoundationforfuturenationa

1sportstarsandrecreationaladultsportparticipants.Whenco

achersdevelopactivitiesforyouthpracticesandwhensportorg

anizationsdesignyouth-sportprograms,theymustconsiderthe

implicationofdeliberateplayanddeliberatepractice.

ResearchfromTelama(2006)statesthatregularparticipati

onindeliberateplayordeliberatepracticeactivitiesduringc

hildhoodandyouth(agesninetoeighteen)increasesthelikelih

oodofparticipationinsportsduringadulthoodbysixtimesforb

othmalesandfemales.C?te(2002)definesdeliberateplayactiv

itiesinsportasthosedesignedtomaximizeenjoyment.Theseact

ivitiesareregulatedbyflexiblerulesadaptedfromstandardiz

edsportrulesandaresetupbythechildrenorbyaninvolvedadult

.Childrentypicallychangerulestofindapointwheretheirgame

issimilartotheactualsportbutstillallowsforplayattheirle

vel.Forexample,chiIdrenmaychangesoccerandbasketbalIrule

stosuittheirneedsandenvironment(e.g.,inthestreet,onapla

yingfieldorinsomeone,sbackyard).Wheninvolvedindelibera

teplayactivities,chiIdrenarelessconcernedwiththeoutcome

oftheirbehavior(whethertheywinorlose)thanwiththebehavio

r(havingfun).

Ontheotherhand,Ericsson(1993)suggeststhatthemosteffe

ctivelearningoccursthroughinvolvementinhighlystructured

activitiesdefinedasdeliberatepractice.Deliberatepractic

eactivitiesrequireeffort,producenoimmediaterewards,anda

remotivatedbythegoalofimprovingperformanceratherthanthe

goalofenjoyment.Whenindividualsareinvolvedindeliberatep

lay,theyexperimentwithnewordifferentcombinationsofbehav

iors,butnotnecessarilyinthemosteffectivewaytoimproveper

formance.Incontrast,whenindividualsareinvolvedindeliber

atepractice,theyexhibitbehaviorfocusedonimprovingperfor

mancebythemosteffectivemeansavailable.Forexample,thebac

khandskillsintenniscouldbelearnedandimprovedovertimebyp

layingmatchesorbycreatingfunpracticesituations.However,

playerscou1dmoreeffectivelyimprovetheirbackhandperforma

ncebypracticingdrillsthatmightbeconsideredlessenjoyable

.Althoughthedri1Isusedindeliberatepracticemightnotbethe