选修7unit1grammar市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

RevisetheInfinitive

Unit1Grammar1/69Martysays…2.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker,…Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadaptto

mydisability.3.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.Sentencesfromthisunit:2/694.Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.6.MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.Martysays…5.IamhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando,likewritingandcomputerprogramming.3/69Martysays…7.LastyearIinvented…andabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.8.Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.10.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.9.Tolookaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftime…4/69不定式由“to+动词原形”组成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式能够带宾语或状语组成不定式短语,没有些人称和数改变,但有时态和语态改变。不定式能够作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”组成。不定式5/69动词不定式作用

FunctionsofInfinitive

1主语(subject)2表语(predicative)3宾语(object)4宾补(objectcomplement)5定语(attribute)6状语(adverbial)

7独立结构(absoluteconstruction)

6/69一、不定式作主语(subject)Tokeepsmiling

ishealthyforyou.It’simportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionary

whenyoustudyEnglish.单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。7/69Myjobtoprotecttheworld.Yourtaskisto_____________.is二、不定式作表语(predicative)8/69

Seeingistobelieve.Toseeisbelieving.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.×√√×不定式惯用在系动词be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表语。Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.假如主语部分有个表示不定式内容do,用作表语不定式可省略to。9/69JeremyLinlikestoplay

basketball.Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.Wehopetogettherebeforedark.三、不定式作宾语(object)10/69常接动词不定式作宾语动词有：agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish11/69四、不定式作宾补(objectcomplement)Mymumasksmetoplaythepiano

twohourseveryday.12/69Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.引导不定式作宾补动词：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sb.todosth.13/69

noticelistentohear

watch五看see

lookat

observe三使

let

make

have

二听一感觉:

feel+sb.dosth.（不带to）14/691.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.当以上动词用于被动式，to要还原：MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.15/69不定式做宾补时不带to情况1不定式在感官动词(feel,hear,listento,watch,lookat,notice,observe)后；2

使役动词(let,have,make)后边作宾补时,省去to,不过在被动语态中要还原to；16/693不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,假如这些介词前有行为动词do各种形式,那么介词后不定式不带to,相反则带to。1)Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2)Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3)Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.17/69五、不定式作定语(attribute)1.Kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear.2.Tomhasanicepentowritewith.18/691.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰名词或代词之后(a)Shewasverybusyandhadnotime

tovisitherfriends.(b)

Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.不定式作定语19/69不定式作定语与所修饰词之间有三种关系：Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他总是第一个来。Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我们都有上大学机会。(1)动宾关系(2)主谓关系(3)同位关系20/692.当被thefirst,thelast,theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg:

Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词惯用不定式做后置定语。eg:I’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.21/69注意比较：1)Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么东西要寄吗？2)Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或他人）寄东西吗？

（不定式tosend动作执行者是you）（不定式tobesent动作执行者是已被省略me或someoneelse）22/695.假如不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当介词。Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.on4.也可用在have…todo和therebe句型中。Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear.23/69Igotupearlyto_____________.

Youcamehereto________.inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too...tocatchthetrain六、不定式作状语(adverbial)在一些短语中也有表达24/69eg:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.1)表示目标:toinordertosoasto不定式作状语25/692)表示原因:不定式能够用在作表语形容词后作状语,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed

等。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.26/69so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todotoo+adv./adj.+todoHewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.3)结果状语:27/69Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefranktobehonesttotellthetruth七、独立结构(absoluteconstruction)

28/691.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.Identifyitsfunction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想29/694.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)30/698.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmentto

givefinancialassistancetodisabled

people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement)31/69动词不定式时态和语态时态主动被动普通时进行时完成时完成进行时todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone32/69(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(普通时表示与谓语动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后。)(在谓语动词发生同时,不定式动作也正在进行。)(完成时表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成进行时表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续。)33/69不定式时态

不定式普通时todo

Iamgladtoseeyou.Hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney.

表示动作通常与谓语所表示动作或状态同时或者几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。34/69不定式进行时tobedoingIamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.表示动作通常与谓语动词表示动作同时发生。35/69不定式完成时tohavedoneHehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore.ThenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoChinese.不定式所表示动作发生在谓语动作或状态之前。36/69Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.表示过去没有实现期待或者计划hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned…Hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.不定式完成时在wouldlike后边表示未能实现愿望。

37/69不定式语态主动语态todo被动语态tobedoneItisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Everyonelikestheherotobepraised.38/691.prefern.(doing)ton.(doing)2.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.3.wouldratherdo4.wouldrather+句子（虚拟语气）5.advise/allow/permit/forbidsb.todoadvise/allow/permit/forbiddoing固定词组和句型39/69几对易混同词组：stoptodosth.停下来去做某事doingsth.停顿做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事doingsth.忘记已做了某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事doingsth.记得曾经做某事40/69Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith.1.主语+be+adj.+todo能用于此句型形容词有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲劳),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主动形式表被动意义不定式41/69Theboxislightenoughtocarry.Theriverwateriswarmenoughto

swimin.2.主语+be+adj.+enough+todoThebooksseemedtooheavytocarry.Theiceistoothintoskateon.3.主语+be+too+adj.+todo42/691.LastsummerItookacourseon_____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade43/692.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Therearefivepairs_____,butIamatalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforchoosing44/694.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy_____.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout5._____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept45/696.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_____losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto7.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating46/69Review不定式能够作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语和定语。不定式完成时：to+have+动词过去分词不定式被动式：to+be+动词过去分词47/69Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接48/691.____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(广东)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.MakingI.Multiplechoice.49/692.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_____birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(重庆)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought50/693.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.(全国)A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed4.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But______it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.(北京)A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding51/695.Davidthreatened_______hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(上海)A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported6.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(重庆)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing52/697.Thechildrenallturned_______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.(全国I)A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat8.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation______informationinamoreeffectiveway.(北京)A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent53/699.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.(全国I)A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought10.Wewereastonished______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(辽宁)A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound54/6911.Ihavealotofreadings_______beforetheendofthisterm.(山东)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted12.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant_______.(四川)A.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith55/6913.HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestars______asacarpenterbefore.(上海春)

A.towork

B.tobeworking

C.tohaveworked

D.tohavebeenworking56/6914.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable______.(福建)A.held

B.holding

C.beheld

D.tohold15.Theability______anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(湖南)A.expressing

B.expressed

C.toexpress

D.tobeexpressed57/6916.Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool_____tothenewstudents.(江西)A.speakingB.havingspokenC.tospeakD.tohavespoken17.Thismachineisveryeasy______.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.(辽宁)A.operatingB.tobeoperatingC.operatedD.tooperate58/6918.Volunteeringgivesyouachance_____lives,includingyourown.(北京)A.change B.changing C.changed D.tochange19.Istoppedthecar_____ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.(山东)

A.take B.taking C.totake D.taken59/6920._____warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.(湖南)A.Staying B.Stayed C.Tostay D.Stay60/691.爱和被爱都是最大幸福。____________________arebothgreathappiness.2.听说他已经完成了他工作。Heissaid_________________________________.3.依据报道他们已安全抵达。Theyarereported___________________.Toloveandtobelovedtohavefinished/completedhisworkII.Translation.tohavearrivedsafely61/694.我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。Iwantthisbike___________________________________.5.玛莉好像已经被通知此事了。Maryseemed______________________.6.众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown_________________agoldmedalattheOlympics.toberepairedatonce