浙江省绍兴市上虞区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末教学质量调测英语试题（含听力）（含答案解析）

2023学年第一学期高二期末教学质量调测试卷英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。第Ⅰ卷1至9页，第Ⅱ卷9页至10页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Buyapainting. B.Gotothecinema. C.Playtennis.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:NotonlydidIbuyapaintingtoday,butIalsobookedticketstothelatestmovie.W:Notfortomorrow,Ihope.I’llgotothetennisclubwithJane.M:No,they’reforthedayaftertomorrow.Iknewyouwouldnotbeavailabletomorrow.W:Youaresosweet.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heissick.B.Hewantstoraiseadog.C.Heisallergictolong-hairedanimals.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Youhateanimalswithlonghair,right?M:Well,theirfurmakesmesneezeallthetime.SometimesIevenhavetotakesomemedicine.W:That’sterrible.Ihaveadogandacat.Ifindtheirfursoftandcomfortable.M:Imayraiseahairlesscatoneday.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenshouldSallygettotheoffice?A.At7:55a.m. B.At8:00a.m. C.At8:05a.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sally,youaretenminuteslate.It’s8:10a.m.already.Youknowyoushouldalwaysshowup5minutesbeforenormalworkinghours.W:Sorry,sir.Therewasaroadaccidentonmywaytotheoffice.SoIwasstuckintraffic.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomansound?A.Calm. B.Annoyed. C.Sorry.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ethan!HowmanytimeshaveItoldyoutocleanupaftercooking?Look,thekitchenissomessy!M:Calmdown.Iwasimmersedinwatchinganexcitingmatch.I’lldoitrightnow.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthewoman’ssisterlive?A.InJackson. B.InNewOrleans. C.InBatonRouge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IsthisyourfirsttimeinNewOrleans?W:No,IcameherefromJacksonlastyear.Onthewayback,IwenttoBatonRougetovisitmysister.Shemovedtheretwoyearsago.M:Nice.Ilovethecity.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Co-workers. C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.Toextendaninvitation. B.Toofferanexplanation. C.Toaskforpermission.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Robert,I’mgladyouarehere.Hmm...It’snoteasytosay.M:Whathappened?W:Well,you’renotinourgroup-forthehistoryproject.M:Whatdoyoumean?Youknowwe’realwaysinagroup.W:Iknow.It’sjustthatthistimewehavetostudyindifferentgroups.It’snotaboutyouoryourworkoranythinglikethat.Justbecauseyoudidn’tsignupforitintime.Itwasfullyregisteredonthefirstday.We’vegotintoagroup,see?Therearefouralready.M:OK.Can’twebeagroupoffive?W:Theteachersaidfourpeoplepergroup.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whomadeanappointmentwiththewoman?A.Mr.Miller. B.Mr.Brown. C.MissLee.9.Whatwillthewomanbeinchargeoffirst?A.Cookingfood. B.Packingfood. C.Deliveringfood.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,isMr.Millerhere?Ihadatalkwithhimonlineandheaskedmetocomeheretotalkaboutthejobtoday.M:Sorry,ourstorekeeperisoutnow.IamJohnBrown,hisassistant.Hetoldmesomethingaboutyou.AreyouMissLeeW:Yes.M:Okay,actuallywehaveseveralvacanciesforcasualworkers.You’renewtoSeattle,right?W:Yes,I’manexchangestudentfromChina.ButIcanworkhereinmyfreetime.Ionceworkedinarestaurant,servingfood,washingdishesandsoon.M:Okay.Letmetellyouaboutthejob.Basically,weneedsomebodytoworkabout10hoursaweek.Wehavetwopositionsavailable.Oneistomakefriedchicken,andtheotheristomakedeliveries.Sinceyou’renewhere,youcanstartbypackingfriedchicken.Whatdoyouthink?W:Okay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatdidDavestudyincollege?A.Physics. B.Literature. C.Education.11.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent. B.Aprofessor. C.Aninterviewer.12.WhydidDavegiveupplayingbasketball?A.Helostinterestinit.B.Hehaddifficultystudying.C.Hemissedseveralimportantgames.13.WhatdidDavethinkofplayingcomputergamesinthepast?A.Ithelpedhimrelax. B.Itwasawasteoftime. C.Itwasanewtrend.【答案】10.A11.C12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Dave,hereisaninterestingquestionfromthecommentssection:Whatissomethingthatyouwishyoucouldhavedoneover?M:Well,thereareafewthings.Istudiedphysicsatuniversity,butIammakingalivingbywritingrightnow.IfIcouldgobacktoschoolandstartover,Imightchangemymajoranddiveintotheworldofliterature.W:Ha-ha.Imajoredineducation,butnowIamsittinghereandaskingyouquestions.Soanythingelseyouwishyouwouldhavedone?M:IdeeplyregretthatIspenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames,whichwasacoolthingatthattime.Itseemedthattherewasnothingthatcouldpushmetoactuallygooutandkeepawayfrommycomputer.Althoughitdidn’thaveanadverseeffectonmystudies,Igaveupmybasketballtrainingandmissedsomeimportantmatches.Andlookingbackonit,Ithinkit’sjustawasteoftimetofollowthetrend.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhichchapterhasDianajustfinished?A.19. B.18. C.17.15.WherewillDianafindthevideo?A.FromtheInternet. B.Fromheremailinbox. C.Fromherclassmates16.WhatisDianagoingtodothisFriday?A.Seeadoctor. B.Watchavideo. C.Handinherhomework.17.WhatdoesthemanremindDianatodointheend?A.Makeavideo. B.Takeanonlinetest. C.Writeanarticle.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,Mr.Henderson.M:Yes,Diana.W:IhavefinishedChapter17thatyouassignedtousthisTuesday.AndIwillemailmypaperonittoyoulateron.Isthereanythingelsetodo?M:Letmejustcheckmynotebook.Yes,firstofall,youneedtoreadchapters18and19inthebook.Therearealsotwoarticlestowriteandavideotowatch.I’llsendyouthevideobyemail.W:Ah,OK.Isthereadeadline?M:Yes,thisFriday.W:I’msorry,Mr.Henderson.ButIcan’tgotoschoolthisFriday.Ihaveadoctor’sappointment.IwonderifIcouldhandinmyarticlesnextMonday.M:OK.Butthere’ssomethingelse.Iamgoingtogiveyouandyourclassmatesatesttohelpyouprepareforthemidtermexam.Iwillemailyouthelinktotheonlinetestthisafternoon.RemembertofinishitbeforenextMonday.W:Sure,noproblem.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Todiscussaplan.B.TointroduceabusinesswomanC.Tomakeanannouncement.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutJaneDoe?A.SheisveryexperiencedinwritingB.Sheisgoingtostartworkintheafternoon.CShewillworkinthehumanresourcesdepartment.20.Whenwillthereceptionbeheld?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnThursdaymorning. C.OnFridayafternoon.【答案】18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Goodafternoon,guys.IamgladtotellyouthatJaneDoeisgoingtojoinourteamstartingonJune1st,thisThursday.Sheworkedatafamouswritingcompanyoverthepastfiveyears,soitisexpectedthatshewillbringawealthofknowledgeregardingwriting.JaneDoewillworkasabusinesswriterintheeditorialdepartment.Ifyouworkwithherinthesamedepartment,pleasedolookforanopportunitytogreetherinpersonandhelpbreakherin.Weareasmallbutenergeticteamofcreativepeople.Weareexcitedtowelcomenewperspectivesandapproaches.Pleaseletherknowthatweareexcitedaboutherjoiningourteam.Besides,ourcolleaguesinthehumanresourcesdepartmenthavepreparedareceptionforthisFridayintheconferenceroomtowelcomeJaneDoe.Pleasejoinusat3p.m.foracupcakeandicedtea.ItwouldbemuchappreciatedifyoucouldjoinmeingivingJaneawarmwelcomeinourcompany.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAprojectcalled“IAmAScientist”isgivingmiddleandhighschoolstudentstheopportunitytointeractwithmodern-dayresearchers.Belowarestoriesfromsomeofthescientistswhoareinvolvedintheprogram.NoorAl-Alusi,Epidemiologist(流行病学家)“IhaveablackbeltinTaekwondo(跆拳道).Iamdrivenbyadeepdesiretohelpothers.Ibelievethatallpeoplehaveafundamentalrighttohealthcare.”Herwork:DuringtheZikaepidemic,Al-Alusimetwiththecommunitiesthathadbeenhardesthitbythevirus,usingdataandmathematicalmodelstokeepthemsafeandhealthy.Background:Al-AlusiwasborninCaliforniabutherparentsemigratedfromIraq.Thisexperienceprovidedherwithanunderstandingofthehealthneedsoftheimmigrantcommunity.RyojiAmamoto,Neurobiologist(神经生物学家)“I’mahugesportsfan.I’vetraveledtomorethan40countries.I’malicensedscubadiverbutaterribleswimmer.Ihatedscienceinhighschool.”Hiswork:Amamotostudiesthetinybutamazingbrainsofanimalsthathaveasuperpower—theabilitytoregenerate.Helearnswhatfactorshelpthesespecialbrainsregrow,sothatwecantrytotreatdiseaseslikeParkinson’s.Background:AmamotolivedinJapanuntiltheageofeight,whenhisfamilymovedtoChicago.HehadtoovercomemajorlanguagebarrierswhichsawhimshiftbetweenspeakingEnglishatschoolandJapaneseathome.YamiciaConnor,PhysicianScientist“Ioncecompetedinarobotcompetition.IloveBeyonce.Ilovecooking.I’madoctorwhostudieswaystoimprovewomen’shealth.”Herwork:ConnorisadoctoratahospitalinBostonwhereshestudiescancercellsinalabusingmicroscopesandcomputers,butshealsoworksdirectlywithpatientswhoareundergoingtestsfornewcancertreatments.Background:GrowingupinFlorida,Connorwasaseriouskidwhostressedaboutthelittlethings.Shewasintoherschoolworkandlovedtoputonplayswithherfriendsinwhichshewouldorganizethewholethingandassigneveryonearole.21.Whatcanthestudentsknowaboutthescientiststhroughtheprogram?A.Theireducationexperience. B.Theirgenderandreligion.C.Theirpersonalinterests. D.Theircareerplanning.22.WhatisNoorAl-Alusi’sjob?A.Studyingamazingbrainswhichcanregrow.B.Usingdataandmathematicalmodelstofightagainstviruses.C.Understandingthehealthneedsoftheimmigrantcommunity.D.Workingwithpatientswhoareundergoingtestsfornewcancertreatments.23.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Awardwords.C.Asciencepaper. D.Ahealthwebsite.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项名为“我是科学家”的项目以及参与该项目的一些科学家的故事。【21题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，根据第一段“Aprojectcalled“IAmAScientist”isgivingmiddleandhighschoolstudentstheopportunitytointeractwithmodern-dayresearchers.Belowarestoriesfromsomeofthescientistswhoareinvolvedintheprogram.(一项名为“我是科学家”的项目为中学生提供了与现代研究人员互动的机会。以下是参与该项目的一些科学家的故事)”和NoorAl-Alusi,Epidemiologist部分中“IhaveablackbeltinTaekwondo(跆拳道).(我是跆拳道黑带)”和RyojiAmamoto,Neurobiologist部分中“I’mahugesportsfan.I’vetraveledtomorethan40countries.I’malicensedscubadiverbutaterribleswimmer.(我是个超级体育迷。我去过40多个国家。我有潜水执照，但游泳技术很差)”以及YamiciaConnor,PhysicianScientist部分中“Ioncecompetedinarobotcompetition.IloveBeyonce.Ilovecooking.(我曾经参加过一个机器人比赛。我喜欢Beyonce。我喜欢烹饪)”可知，文章介绍了参与该项目的一些科学家的个人爱好。由此可知，通过这个项目，学生们能了解科学家的个人兴趣。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据NoorAl-Alusi,Epidemiologist部分中“Herwork:DuringtheZikaepidemic,Al-Alusimetwiththecommunitiesthathadbeenhardesthitbythevirus,usingdataandmathematicalmodelstokeepthemsafeandhealthy.(她的工作：在寨卡疫情期间，Al-Alusi会见了受病毒影响最严重的社区，使用数据和数学模型来保证他们的安全和健康)”可知，NoorAl-Alusi的工作是利用数据和数学模型来对抗病毒。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Aprojectcalled“IAmAScientist”isgivingmiddleandhighschoolstudentstheopportunitytointeractwithmodern-dayresearchers.Belowarestoriesfromsomeofthescientistswhoareinvolvedintheprogram.(一项名为“我是科学家”的项目为中学生提供了与现代研究人员互动的机会。以下是参与该项目的一些科学家的故事)”可推知，这篇文章很可能来自一本杂志。故选A项。BItisdifficulttonameafemalearchitectmoreiconicthanZahaHadid,whosenamecanbetranslatedfromArabicasglorious.Shepassedawayfiveyearsagoattheageof65,buttheimpactshehasleftontheworldofarchitectureisprofound.Hadidwasbornintoanupper-classIraqifamilyin1950.AttheverybeginningshewantedtobecomeamathematicianandstudiedscienceattheAmericanUniversityofBeirut,Butatsomepointsherealizedthatshepreferredshapestonumbers.AndsheturnedherconcentrationtoarchitectureandwenttoLondonwhereshemetthefamousDutcharchitectRemKoolhaas.“Thereare360degrees,sowhysticktoone?”Hadidoncesaid.Despiteherabundanceofamazingideas,beforethebeginningofthe90s,notasinglebuildingbasedonherblueprintshadbeenbuilt.Herhighlyexpressivestyle,whileinitiallycriticizedandbelievedtobecrazy,isnowregardedaspioneeringwork.Herstrikingcontemporaryarchitecture,inspiredbynaturallandforms,hasgracedtheskylinesofmajormetropolitancities.“Womenarealwaysbeingtold,‘you’renotgoingtomakeit;It’stoodifficult.Youcan’tdothatDon’tenterthiscompetition;You’llneverwinit’,”Hadidsaid.“Theyneedconfidenceinthemselvesandpeoplearoundthemforsupport.”Neveronetobeboxedinbyconventions,Hadidprovedsocietywrong.Shereceivedherfirstprize,the“GoldMedalArchitecturalDesign”forherBritishArchitecturein1982.Fromthenon,theawardskeptrollingin.ButthetruetriumphforHadidcamein2004.HerprojectfortheLondonOlympicsAquaticCenterwonherthePritzkerArchitecturePrize.ShebecamethefirstwomanandfirstMuslimtoearntheaward,makinganameforherselfandpavingthewayforfemalearchitects.Hadid’sgeniuslivesoninthearrayofmanyotherspectacularbuildingsshehasleftbehindintheworld.AmongthemaretheGuangzhouOperaHouse,theBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport,aswellastheAlWakrahStadiuminQatarwherethe2022FIFAWorldCupwillbeheld.Hadidmaybegone,butherglobalinfluenceonanewgenerationoffemalearchitectsisheretostay.24.WhatmadeHadidquitsciencetolearnarchitecture?A.Hertalentinarchitecture.B.Herinterestinarchitecture.C.Herdifficultyinlearningscience.D.HerencounterwithRemKoolhaas.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutHadid’sworks?A.HerarchitecturewasinspiredbymathematicsB.HerBritishArchitecturewonherthePritzkerArchitecturePrize.C.Herarchitecturestylewastooboldtobeacceptedattheverybeginning.D.HerworkscanonlybefoundinEuropeancountriesandtheMiddleEast.26.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyabout?A.ThetalkbetweenHadidandhercolleague.B.Thereasonwhywomenfailtobearchitects.C.Theprejudicefromsocietyagainstwomen.D.ThedifficultyHadidfacedbeinganarchitect.27.WhatisthemostprofoundimpactHadidhasleftontheworld?A.Sheformedauniquestyle.B.Shebrokeawayfromtheconvention.C.ShereceivedvariousarchitectureawardsD.Sheencouragedotherwomenarchitects.【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了已故女性建筑师哈·哈迪德(ZahaHadid)的生平，作品及伟大的影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Butatsomepointsherealizedthatshepreferredshapestonumbers.AndsheturnedherconcentrationtoarchitectureandwenttoLondonwhereshemetthefamousDutcharchitectRemKoolhaas.(但在某种程度上，她意识到自己更喜欢形状而不是数字。她把注意力转向了建筑，并去了伦敦，在那里她遇到了著名的荷兰建筑师雷姆·库哈斯)”可知，Hadid放弃科学学习建筑是由于她发现自己对建筑感兴趣。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Despiteherabundanceofamazingideas,beforethebeginningofthe90s,notasinglebuildingbasedonherblueprintshadbeenbuilt.Herhighlyexpressivestyle,whileinitiallycriticizedandbelievedtobecrazy,isnowregardedaspioneeringwork.(尽管她有很多令人惊叹的想法，但在90年代初之前，没有一座建筑是根据她的蓝图建造的。她高度表达的风格，虽然最初被批评和认为是疯狂的，现在被认为是开创性的工作)”可知，Hadid的作品在一开始由于风格过于大胆，让人难以接受。故选C。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段““Womenarealwaysbeingtold,‘you’renotgoingtomakeit;It’stoodifficult.Youcan’tdothatDon’tenterthiscompetition;You’llneverwinit’,”Hadidsaid.“Theyneedconfidenceinthemselvesandpeoplearoundthemforsupport.”(“女性总是被告知，‘你不会成功的；太难了。你不能那样做，不要参加这个比赛；你永远也赢不了。”哈迪德说。“她们需要对自己和周围的人有信心，以获得支持。”)”可知，这一段主要讲述了社会对妇女的偏见。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“ShebecamethefirstwomanandfirstMuslimtoearntheaward,makinganameforherselfandpavingthewayforfemalearchitects.(她成为第一位获得该奖项的女性和第一位穆斯林，为自己赢得了声誉，并为女性建筑师铺平了道路)”及最后一段“Hadidmaybegone,butherglobalinfluenceonanewgenerationoffemalearchitectsisheretostay.(哈迪德可能已经离开了，但她对新一代女性建筑师的全球影响力将继续存在)”可推知，Hadid留下的最深远的影响在于她的故事鼓励了其他女性建筑师追求自己的梦想。故选D。CThepandemichasaffectednearlyallaspectsofmodernlifefromtheclothesweweartothefoodweeat.Thereisonething,however,thathasremainedalmostunchanged:theemojiswesend.AccordingtodatafromtheUnicodeConsortium(统一码联盟),nineofthe10most-usedemojisfrom2019alsorankedamongthetop10thisyear.ThetearsofjoyemojirankedNo.1,despitemembersofGenZdeemingituncool.“Itspeakstohowmanypeopleuseemojis.IfemojiswereapurelyGenZthing,thenyouwouldn’tseeitsohighlyranked,”saidAlexanderRobertson,anemojiresearcheratGoogle.“Becauseofthelargenumberofpeopleusingemojis,evenifonegroupthinkssomethingislame,theyhavetobeareallybiggrouptoaffectthesestatistics.”AnditmakessensethatGenZwouldthinkthatcertainemojisaren’tfashionable.It’spartofthe“teenagerexperienceofcreatingasenseofsubculturewherethere’sarightwayandawrongwayofbehaving.”Plus,thereisarangeoflaughterthatcanbeexpressed:There’slightchuckling.There’sacknowledgementlaughter,whichisjustamarkerofempathy.Usingemojis,suchastheskullface(“I’mdead”)orcryingface(uncontrollabletearsoflaughter),canhelptoillustratethatrange.“Itbasicallyindicatesthatwehavewhatweneedtocommunicateabroadrangeofexpression,orevenveryspecificconcepts,”MrRobertsonsaid.“Youdon’tnecessarilyneedaCovidemoji.”“Wedidseeariseintheuseofthevirusemoji.Butitwasn’tmaderemotelyintothemost-commonlyusedonesbecausewestillhadplentytolaughaboutandplentytocryabout,whetheritwasbecauseofthepandemicornot,”saidLaurenGawne,aseniorlecturerinlinguisticatLaTrobeUniversityinMelbourne,Australia.“Eveninthemidstofthismassiveglobalpandemicthatpreoccupiedsomuchofourtime,”Sheadded.“Westillspentalotoftimewishingeachotherhappybirthdayorcheckingorlaughingaboutsomenewandunexpectedelementsofthisslow-burningweirdness.”28.WhydoesthetearsofjoyemojirankedNo.1despitethedislikefromtheZgeneration?A.TheemojiisapurelyZgenerationthing.B.TheZgenerationaretooyoungtoinfluencetherank.C.Thoughtheydislikeit,theZgenerationvoteforitultimately.D.TheZgenerationtakeupaverysmallportioninemojiusers.29.Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inparagraph6referto?A.thevirusemoji B.aCovidemojiC.theuseofthevirusemoji D.theriseintheuseofthevirusemoji30.Whywasn’tthevirusemojipopularaccordingtoLaurenGawne?A.Themassiveglobalpandemichascometoanend.B.Thepandemichaslittleinfluenceonpeople’sdailylife.C.Wehaveabroadrangeofexpressionforcommunication.D.Somenewandusefulemojisarecreatedtoreplacethevirusemoji.31.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePandemicandtheEmoji.B.GenZ,theEmojiGeneration.C.TheEmojioftheYear.D.TheRiseofVirusEmoji【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了疫情没有改变人们对表情符号的使用情况。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Itspeakstohowmanypeopleuseemojis.IfemojiswereapurelyGenZthing,thenyouwouldn’tseeitsohighlyranked,’saidAlexanderRobertson,anemojiresearcheratGoogle.‘Becauseofthelargenumberofpeopleusingemojis,evenifonegroupthinkssomethingislame,theyhavetobeareallybiggrouptoaffectthesestatistics.’(谷歌表情符号研究员AlexanderRobertson说，‘这说明有多少人使用表情符号。如果表情符号纯粹是Z世代的东西，那么你就不会看到它排名这么高。’‘由于使用表情符号的人很多，即使一个群体认为某件事很蹩脚，他们也必须是一个非常大的群体才能影响这些统计数据。’)”可知，在Z世代不喜欢的情况下，喜极而泣的表情却能排名第一的原因是Z世代在表情符号用户中所占的比例很小。故选D项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Wedidseeariseintheuseofthevirusemoji.(我们确实看到使用病毒表情符号的人数有所增加。)”说明使用病毒表情符号的人数有所增加，从而推知划线词句“Butitwasn’tmaderemotelyintothemost-commonlyusedonesbecausewestillhadplentytolaughaboutandplentytocryabout,whetheritwasbecauseofthepandemicornot(但它并没有成为最常用的词汇，因为不管是不是因为疫情，我们仍然有很多欢笑和哭泣的地方)”其中划线词指的是“病毒表情符号”的意思。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘Wedidseeariseintheuseofthevirusemoji.Butitwasn’tmaderemotelyintothemost-commonlyusedonesbecausewestillhadplentytolaughaboutandplentytocryabout,whetheritwasbecauseofthepandemicornot,’saidLaurenGawne,aseniorlecturerinlinguisticatLaTrobeUniversityinMelbourne,Australia.(澳大利亚墨尔本拉筹伯大学语言学高级讲师LaurenGawne说：‘我们确实看到病毒表情符号的使用有所增加。但它远没有成为最常用的词汇，因为不管是不是因为疫情，我们仍然有很多可以笑的地方，也有很多可以哭的地方。’)”和最后一段“‘Eveninthemidstofthismassiveglobalpandemicthatpreoccupiedsomuchofourtime,’Sheadded.‘Westillspentalotoftimewishingeachotherhappybirthdayorcheckingorlaughingaboutsomenewandunexpectedelementsofthisslow-burningweirdness.’(她补充说：‘即使在这场占据了我们大部分时间的大规模全球流行病期间。’‘我们仍然花了很多时间互相祝福生日快乐，或者检查或嘲笑这种缓慢燃烧的奇怪的一些新的和意想不到的元素。’)”可知，根据LaurenGawne的说法，病毒表情符号不受欢迎的原因是疫情对人们的日常生活影响不大。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Thepandemichasaffectednearlyallaspectsofmodernlife,fromtheclothesweweartothefoodweeat.Thereisonething,however,thathasremainedalmostunchanged:theemojiswesend.(这场疫情几乎影响了现代生活的方方面面，从我们穿的衣服到我们吃的食物。然而，有一件事几乎没有改变：我们发送的表情符号。)”可知，本文主要讲述了疫情没有改变人们对表情符号的使用情况以及原因，C项为文章最佳标题。故选C项。DThisquestionhasfascinatedbehaviouralscientistsfordecades:whydowegivemoneytocharity?Theexplanationsforcharitablegivingfallintothreebroadcategories,fromthepurelyaltruisic(利他的)—IdonatebecauseIvaluethesocialgooddonebythecharity.The“impurely”altruistic—IdonatebecauseIextractvaluefromknowingIcontributetothesocialgoodforthecharity.Andthenot-at-allaltruistic—IdonatebecauseIwanttoshowofftopotentialmateshowrichIam.Butarethesemotivesstrongenoughtoenablepeopletodonateasmuchastheywouldwantto?Mostpeoplesupportcharitiesinonewayoranother,butoftenwestruggletomakedonationsasoftenaswethinkweshould.Althoughmanypeoplewouldliketoleaveagifttocharityintheirwill,theyforgetaboutitwhenthetimecomes.Manypeoplearealsoawarethattheyshoulddonatetothecausesthathavethehighestimpact,butfactsandfiguresarelessattractivethannarratives.Inaseriesofexperiments,itwasfoundthatpeoplearemuchmoreresponsivetocharitablepleasthatfeatureasingle,identifiablebeneficiary(受益者),thantheyaretostatisticalinformationaboutthescaleoftheproblembeingfaced.Whenitcomestocharitablegiving,weareoftenruledbyourheartsandnotourheads.Thegoodnewsisthatcharitablegivingiscontagious—seeingothersgivemakesanindividualmorelikelytogiveandgentleencouragementfromanimportantpersoninyourlifecanalsomakeabigdifferencetoyourdonationdecisions—morethanquadruplingtheminourrecentstudy.Habitalsoplaysapart—inthreerecentexperimentsthosewhovolunteeredbeforeweremorelikelytododonatetheirtimethanthosewhohadnotvolunteeredbefore.Insummary,behaviouralscienceidentifiesarangeoffactorsthatinfluenceourdonations,andcanhelpustokeepgivinginthelongerterm.Thisisgreatnewsnotjustforcharities,butalsofordonors.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutpeoplewhodocharitablegiving?A.Mostpeoplesupportcharityasoftenastheythinktheyshould.B.Somepeopledon’twanttoleaveagifttocharityuntilthetimecomes.C.Thosewhodonatebecausetheycangainanadvantagearepurelyaltruistic.D.Somepeoplesendmoneytocharitysimplytotellotherstheyarewealthy.33.Inwhichwaywillpeopledonatemorewillingly?A.Notrevealingthenamesofthedonors.B.Showingfiguresabouttheseriousnessoftheproblem.C.Tellingstoriesthatfeatureasingle,recognizablebeneficiary.D.Remindingpeopletowritedownwhattodonateinthewillinadvance.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5mean?A.Peoplewilllearnfromothersandfollowthesuit.B.Manypeoplearefamiliarwithcharitablegiving.C.Charitablegivinghelpsthebeneficiaryinallaspects.D.Charitablegivingcanbringalotofbenefitstodonors.35.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Topersuademorepeopletodonate.B.Toexplainthesciencebehindwhypeopledonate.C.Tocriticizesomefalsecharitablegivingbehaviours.D.Toexploreapproachestomakingpeopledonatemore.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了人们把钱捐给慈善机构背后的科学原因。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Andthenot-at-allaltruistic—IdonatebecauseIwanttoshowofftopotentialmateshowrichIam.(而完全不是利他主义的——我捐赠是因为我想向潜在的伴侣炫耀我有多有钱。)”可知，我们能从慈善捐赠的人身上了解到，有些人把钱捐给慈善机构只是为了告诉别人他们很富有。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Inaseriesofexperiments,itwasfoundthatpeoplearemuchmoreresponsivetocharitablepleasthatfeatureasingle,identifiablebeneficiary(受益者),thantheyaretostatisticalinformationaboutthescaleoftheproblembeingfaced.Whenitcomestocharitablegiving,weareoftenruledbyourheartsandnotourheads.(在一系列的实验中，人们发现人们对以单一的、可识别的受益人为特征的慈善请求的反应要比他们对所面临的问题规模的统计信息的反应要大得多。当涉及到慈善捐赠时，我们常常被我们的心而不是我们的头脑所支配。)”可知，通过讲述一个单一的、可识别的受益人的故事,人们更愿意捐赠。故选C项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“seeingothersgivemakesanindividualmorelikelytogiveandgentleencouragementfromanimportantpersoninyourlifecanalsomakeabigdifferencetoyourdonationdecisions(看到别人捐赠会让一个人更愿意捐赠，生活中重要的人的温柔鼓励也会对你的捐赠决定产生很大的影响)”说明捐赠是易受别人影响的，从而推知划线词句“Thegoodnewsisthatcharitablegivingiscontagious(好消息是，慈善捐赠是有传染性的)”其中划线句子应为“慈善捐赠是有传染性的”的意思，与A项“人们会向别人学习并效仿”同义。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisquestionhasfascinatedbehaviouralscientistsfordecades:whydowegivemoneytocharity?(这个问题几十年来一直困扰着行为科学家:我们为什么要把钱捐给慈善机构?)”和最后一段中“Insummary,behaviouralscienceidentifiesarangeoffactorsthatinfluenceourdonations,andcanhelpustokeepgivinginthelongerterm.(总之，行为科学确定了一系列影响我们捐赠的因素，并可以帮助我们在更长的时间内继续捐赠。)”可知，文章的写作目的是解释人们捐赠背后的科学原因。故选B项。第二节(共5小题：每题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SomepeoplesaythatA.I.largelanguagemodelscanbeunpredictableandunreliable—givingfalseinformationandactingstrangelytowardusers.I’vebeenusingA.I.toolslikeChatGPTalmostdailyforseveralmonthsnow,andI’veseenthemspitoutplentyofwronganswe