高中英语必修1Unit6Section2讲义

Ⅰ.拼写单词1．Wecan'tsellticketsforthemomentbecauseofaputerbreakdown(故障).2．We'vecollectedlotsofdata(数据)togetreadyforthisexperiment.3．Wateristhesource(来源)oflife.4．Thedocuments(文件)arenotaccessibletoordinaryemployees.5．Youcanfindthesitebyenteringthekeyword(密码)“Quark”．6．He'swrittenapieceofsoftware(软件)whichcalculatesyourtaxreturnsforyou.7．Doyouknowhowtolog(登录)intothesystem?8．Eachcupcontains(含有)thesameamountofmilk.9．Thegovernmenthasthreatenedtotakemilitary(军事的)actioniftherebelsdonotwithdrawfromthearea.10．Hiseldersonwaskilledinacarcrash(碰撞)afewyearsago.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．accessn．接近；通路→accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的2．defencen．保护；防卫→defendv．保护；保卫→defensiveadj.防御性的3．createv．创造；发明→creationn．创造；创建→creativeadj.创造性的4．percentagen．百分数；百分率→percentn.&adj.百分之……5．designv．设计→designern．设计者6．inventionn．发明→inventv．发明→inventorn．发明者7．permissionn．许可；允许→permitv．允许；准许n．许可证[巧记单词]词根词形变化构词点拨accessaccessible名词加ible构成名词designdesigner动词加er构成名词inventinvention动词加(t)ion构成名词Ⅲ.补全短语1．logon/off登录/注销2．consist_of_由……组成3．aswell也，和4．beeknownas...作为……而出名5．godown下降6．eupwith提出7．fromthatmoment_on从那时起8．workas从事9．agreewith同意1．[教材原句]Itthenbecamepossibleforuniversitiestousethesystemaswell.这就使得高校使用网络系统也成为可能。[句型点拨]It＋be/bee＋形容词＋forsb.todo...。[佳句赏析]这使得人们在家做生意成为可能。Itispossibleforpeopletodobusinessathome.2．[教材原句]Berners­LeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.贝尔纳斯·李让每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是高校和军队。[句型点拨]it用作形式宾语，todo不定式为真正的宾语。[佳句赏析]我认为被邀请参加这次晚会是一件很荣幸的事。Ifeelitanhonortobeinvitedtotheparty.1．ACD­ROMisaseparatediskthatcontainslotsofinformation.(P51)CD­ROM是一个包含了很多信息的单独的光盘。★containvt.包含，包括；控制，抑制；容纳①Whiskycontainsalargepercentageofalcohol.威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高。containoneself自制containern.容器；集装箱②IwassofuriousIcouldn'tcontain_myself.我气极了，无法克制自己。[易混辨析]contain通常用来指某容器盛有某物，装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内include通常表示把某事物作为其中一部分包含在内，在句子常构成分词短语：sth.Included或includingsth.选用以上词语填空③Taxandserviceareincludedinthebill.④Howmuchliquiddoyouthinkthisbottlecontains?⑤Thebandplayedmanysongs,including_someofmyfavorites/someofmyfavoritesincluded．[语境串记]Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed,includingknowledgeaboutputersandtheInternet.这本书包含你所需的一切资料，其中包括有关计算机和互联网的知识。2．Itconsistsofmillionsofpagesofdata.(P52)它由几百万页的数据组成。★consistof由……组成①Howmanyplayersdoesabaseballteamconsistof?棒球队由几名队员组成？(1)consistof＝bemadeupof(2)consistin(＝liein)在于；存在于……consistwith与……一致；与……协调(3)consistentadj.一致的；连续的；坚持的②Thebeautyoftheplanconsists_initssimplicity.这项计划的好处就在于简单易行。③Hisactiondoesnotconsist_withhiswords.他言行不一。④Whatyousaynowisnotconsistentwithwhatyousaidlastweek.你现在说的话与你上星期说过的话不相符。[名师点津]consistof通常不用进行时，也不用被动语态。3．Itthenbecamepossibleforuniversitiestousethesystemaswell.(P52)这就使得高校使用网络系统也成为可能。★aswell也，还，又(常放于句末)①NotonlyIlikethismovie,butmymotherlikesitaswell.不但是我喜欢这部电影，我的妈妈也很爱看它。aswellas同……一样好；既……又……may/mightaswell只好……，不妨……②Youneedtolearntodothis,too,andyoumay_as_wellstartincollege.你需要学着这么做，不妨从大学开始做起。③Heas_well_ashisparentsthinksthatthehouseisnotworthbuying.不仅是他父母，他也认为那房子不值得买。[名师点津]aswellas连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数视前者而定，即“就远原则”，如例句③。★It＋系动词＋性质形容词＋forsb.todo...④Itbeesmoredifficultforyoungpeopletobuyaflatincity.年轻人在城里买套公寓变得更加困难。类似结构：It＋系动词＋名词＋todo...It＋系动词＋名词＋that...⑤It_is_a_good_idea_for_us_to_gototheseasidefortheholiday.咱们去海边度假是个不错的主意。⑥It_is_a_pity_thatyoucan'tetotheconcert.你不能来参加音乐会真遗憾。4．TheWorldWideWeb(theweb)isaputernetworkthatallowsputeruserstoaccessinformationfrommillionsofwebsitesviatheInternet.(P52)万维网是一种电脑网络，它允许电脑用户通过因特网来读取众多网站的信息。★accessn．接近，通道；进入(使用)的权利或机会vt.使用；接近；进入①Wecan'taccesstheInternet.我们连不上网。(1)accessto……的通路；接近……的机会；利用……的权利have/get/obtainaccessto得以接近/进入……(2)accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的beaccessibleto易接近的；能进入的②Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefields.去那个农舍的唯一通道是穿过田野。③Studentsmusthave_access_toagoodlibrary.学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。④Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitis_accessible_tochildren.药物不应该放在孩子容易拿到的地方。5．HecameupwiththeideaoftheWorldWideWebin1989...(P52)他于1989年提出了万维网的想法……★eupwith赶上；想出或找到(答案、想法等)；提出①Theythoughtaboutthisquestionfortherestofthedayandwrotedownwhattheycameupwith.那一天余下的时间里，他们都在思考这个问题，并且把他们想到的都写下来。eabout产生，发生eacross遇见，(偶然)发现eout出来，(书等)出版，发行eup走上前；上来；被提出，被提及(不及物)②Alotofnewquestionscame_upatthemeeting.在此次会议上，许多新问题被提了出来。③Howdidthisaccidente_about?这次事故怎么发生的？④Isupposeyounevercame_acrosshiminLondon.我想你在伦敦从来没有见过他。6．Berners­LeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.(P52)贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都能使用因特网成为可能，而不仅仅是高校和军队使用。★该句型是it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语(tousetheInternet)后置。在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，当宾语过长时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。①TheInternetmakesiteasierforpeopletokeepintouchwithothers.互联网使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。(1)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时多用it作形式宾语，主要构成的句型有：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(make＋it＋形容词/名词＋（forsb.）todosth.,make＋it＋形容词/名词＋从句,make＋it＋nogood/nouse/novalue，etc.＋doingsth.))(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think/consider/find/feel等。②Hemade_it_a_ruletogetupatfiveinthemorning.他习惯于每天早上5点起床。③Peoplefind_it_importanttoprotectwildlife.人们发现保护野生生物非常重要。④Wethink_it_no_good_readinginbed.我们认为躺在床上读书没有好处。7．Hedesignedthefirst“webbrowser”，whichallowedputeruserstoaccessdocumentsfromotherputers.(P52)他设计出了第一个“万维网浏览器”使电脑用户能获取其他电脑里的文件。★designn．设计，图案v.设计；计划，谋划；构思①They'vedesignedusasuperbstudio.他们给我们设计了一个极好的工作室。(1)design...for...为……而设计……；为……而拟定……bedesignedfor.../todo...专为……而设计；目的是……(2)bydesign故意地，蓄意地②Thecourseis_designed_forbeginners.这门课程是为初学者设计的。③Theroutewas_designed_to_relievetrafficcongestion.这条路是为缓解交通拥挤而开辟的。④I'msureheignoredyoubyaccidentandnotby_design.我相信他是不经意地忽视了你而不是故意的。8．YouneedpermissionfromtheWorldWideWebbeforeyoucanaccessinformation.(P53)你需要获得万维网的许可，然后才能获取信息。★permissionn．许可；批准①Youhavemypermissiontoleave.我准你离开。(1)withoutpermission未经允许askforpermission请求许可(2)permitv.许可；允许permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事②Heenteredmyroomwithout_permission．未经许可他走进了我的房间。③Myparentsdidn'tpermit_me_to_gowithyou.我父母不准我和你一起去。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Therehasbeenaconsistent(consist)improvementinherattitude.2．Theteachergavemepermission(permit)togohomeearly.3．Theprogrammeis_designed(design)tohelppeoplewhohavebeenoutofworkforalongtime.4．Notallpartsoftheinterior(腹地)ofAustraliaareeasilyaccessible(access),becauseitisveryhotandnotmanypeoplelivethere.5．Mostofthechildrenhaveaccesstoeducation.6．Passengersarepermittedto_carry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.7．Wethinkitourdutytohelptheoldmen.8．HeaswellasIis(be)responsibleforit.9．Shecameacrosssomeoldphotographsinadrawer.10．Successconsistsinhardwork.11．Thebookcontains(contain)alltheinformationyouneed,including(include)howtomaketeaandcoffee.12．Shecouldn'tcontainherself(she)forjoy.13．XuBeihongismostknownfordrawinghorsesasanartist.14．Hesatunderthetree,reading(read)abook.15．Theproblemcame(e)upatthelastmeeting.Ⅱ.完成句子1．你认为对我们来说，把颐和园拆散，搬到某一地方重建有可能吗？Doyouthinkit_is_possible_for_us_to_take_the_Summer_Palace_apart,_removeittosomewhere,andreconstructit?2．他们想让公众清楚他们做的是一件重要的工作。Theywanttomake_it_clear_to_the_public_that_theydoanimportantjob.3．我希望你能提出比这更好的计划。Ihopeyoucane_up_with_a_better_planthanthis.4．我打算去美国度假，汤姆也打算去。IamgoingtoAmericatospendtheholidays,andTom_is_going_as_well.5．我想他今天早晨不是故意上学迟到的。Idon'tthinkhewaslateforschoolthismorningby_design.Ⅲ.一句多译1．这个队由十人组成。①Theteamconsists_oftenmembers.②Theteamis_posed_oftenmembers.③Theteamis_made_up_oftenmembers.2．她不仅唱得好而且作曲也很好。①Shecannot_only_sing_very_beautifully,_but_also_pose_skillfully．②Shecanpose_skillfully_as_well_as_sing_very_beautifully．Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空TheInternet,the1.biggest_(big)sourceofinformationintheworld,whichconsists2.of_millionsofpagesofdata,is3.accessible_(access)throughaputer.In1969，DARPA,aUSdefenseorganization,createdanetworkofputers4.called_(call)DARPANETandonlyusedbytheUSarmy.Thenin1984,theNSFNETnetworkwasstarted,5.known_(know)as“Internet”，andthenitbecamepossibleforuniversitiestousethesystemaswell.Thewebisaputernetwork6.that/whichallowsputeruserstoaccessinformationfrom7.millions_(million)ofwebsitesviatheInternet.Theweb8.was_invented(invent)in1991byanEnglishscientist,whocameup9.with_theideain1989.Healsodesignedthefirst“webbrowser”.Fromthatmoment10.on,_thewebandtheInternetgrew.[对应学生课时达标训练(二十二)]Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Whatpercentage(百分率)ofwomenreturntoworkafterhavingababy?2．TheInternetisofgreatvalueasadatasource(来源)．3．Thereisnoaccess(通路)tothestreetthroughthatdoor.4．Thiskindofstampisdesigned(设计)bysomestudentswhoarelearningartatouruniversity.5．Thebookcontains(包含)plentyofinformationonhowtoplantflowers.6．Inordertoprotectourenvironment,wecan'tfreelycuttreeswithoutthegovernment'spermission(permit)．7．Hesaidthisindefense(defend)ofhisdaughter.8．Theclubconsisting(consist)of300peoplereactedagainsttheplan.9．Theworldchangedrapidlyaftertheinvention(invent)ofthetelephone.10．Economicconditionsmayberesponsibleforthecreation(create)ofsocialunrest.Ⅱ.选词填空eupwith;godown;beknownas;consistof;aswell;bedesignedfor1．Doesthemoneyincludebreakfastonly,ordinneras_well?2．Wewaitedforthewindtogo_down．3．Ourclassisahappyfamily,whichconsists_of16boysand19girls.4．Tom_came_up_withagoodplanatthemeeting.5．Kunmingis_known_asan“SpringCity”．6．Thiskindoftoyis_designed_forchildrenabovethree.Ⅲ.完成句子1．糟糕的天气使我们无法进行下去。Thebadweathermade_it_impossible_for_us_to_go_on.2．——什么使你难过，亲爱的？——我们是否有必要把家搬到城里(这件事令我难过)。—Whatisupsettingyou,dear?—Whetherit_is_necessary_for_us_to_moveourhometothecity.3．该培训项目能在工作上让你振奋起来，同时也能提高40%的收入。Thistrainingprogramcangiveyoualiftatwork,as_well_as_increase_your_ine_by_40%．4．虽然他是个孩子，但是提出了一个解决这个问题的好主意。Childashewas,hecame_up_with_a_good_ideatosolvetheproblem.5．住在那些公寓里的人们可以免费使用那个游泳池。Thepeoplelivinginthoseapartmentshave_free_access_tothatswimmingpool.Ⅳ.阅读理解ATheInternethasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.municationNowwecanmunicatewithapersonwhoissittinginanotherpartoftheworldalmostforfree.Thereareplentyofonlinemessengerservicesthatofferthisservice.Withthehelpofsuchservice,ithasbeeveryeasytoestablishakindofglobalfriendshipwhereyoucanshareyourthoughtsandexploreothercultures.InformationAccesstoinformationisoneofthebiggestadvantagesoftheInternet.AlmostanykindofinformationonanytopicunderthesuncanbefoundontheInternet.SearchengineslikeGoogleorYahooareatyourserviceontheInternet.Youcanfindalmostanytypeofdataonalmostanykindofsubject.EntertainmentEntertainmentisanotherpopularreasonwhymanypeopleliketosurftheInternet.TherearenumerousgamesthatmaybedownloadedfromtheInternetforfree.Chatroomsarepopularbecauseuserscanmeetnewandinterestingpeople.Whenpeoplesurftheweb,theycanfindnumerousthings.Music,hobbies,newsandmorecanbefoundandsharedontheInternet.ServiceMuchserviceisnowprovidedontheInternetsuchasonlinebanking,jobseeking,purchasingticketsforyourfavoritemovies,andhotelreservations.Buttherearealsodisadvantages.IfyouusetheInternet,yourpersonalinformationsuchasname,address,creditcardnumber,etc.mightbeaccessedbyotherpeople.Virus(病毒)threatisanotherproblem.Virusattackscanendupcrashingyourwholeharddisk,causingyoumuchheadache.Pornography(色情作品)isperhapsthebiggestthreatrelatedtochildren'shealthymentallife.TherearethousandsofpornographicsitesontheInternetthatcanbeeasilyfound.Onthewhole,theInternet'sadvantagesoverweighitsdisadvantages.语篇解读：文章介绍了因特网的优点和缺点。1．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．Do'sanddon'tsontheInternet.B．ServiceofferedontheInternet.C．InformationofferedontheInternet.D．AdvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheInternet.解析：选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者主要是讲因特网的优点和缺点，故选D。2．Accordingtothewriter,withtheInternet,wecan________．A．makefriendswithpeoplefromothercountriesconvenientlyB．findanytypeofdataonanykindofsubjectC．buyverycheapthingsonlinefromothercountriesD．downloadwhateverwewantforfree解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Withthehelpofsuchservice,ithasbeeveryeasytoestablishakindofglobalfriendship”可知有了因特网，与别的国家的人交朋友就变得很方便了。3．WhichofthefollowingdisadvantagesisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Yourputermightbeattackedbyviruses.B．Youmayreceivealotofunwantedemails.C．Pornographymightharmchildren'smentalhealth.D．Yourpersonalinformationmightbestolen.解析：选B细节理解题。第六段主要是关于因特网的缺点的，作者在这一段并没有说会收到很多垃圾邮件，故选B。4．Thewriterseemstobelievethat________．A．theInternetisn'tveryusefultochildrenB．theInternetissafertousethanpeoplethinkC．peopledon'tknowhowtomakeuseoftheInternetD．theInternethasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages解析：选D作者观点题。根据末段的“Onthewhole，theInternet'sadvantagesoverweighitsdisadvantages.”可知作者认为因特网的优点多过缺点。BSomecountrieshavealargenumberofearthquakes.Japanisoneofthem,whileothersdonothavemany,forexample,therearefewearthquakesinBritain.Thereisoftenagreatnoiseduringanearthquake.Thegroundvibrates(颤动)．Housesfalldown.Railwaysarebroken,whichcausestrainstoturnover.Sometimesthousandsofpeoplearekilledindifferentways.About60，000werekilledin1783inthesouthofItaly.Somepeoplesaythatearthquakesoftenhappennearvolcanoes(火山),butitisnottrue.Thecentersofsomeearthquakesareunderthesea.Thebottomoftheseasuddenlymoves.Thepowerfulforcesinsidetheearthbreaktherocks.Thecoastisshakenandgreatwavesappear.Thesewavestravellongdistancesandrushoverthelandwhentheyreachit,breakingdownhousesandotherbuildings.Sometimestheybreakmorebuildingsthantheearthquakeitself.AterribleearthquakehappenedinAssam,India,in1986.ThelandnearShillongsuddenlymoved1.5feettooneside,andthenbackagain.Itcontinuedtoactlikethis20timesaminute.Fewbuildingscouldstandwhatwashappeningandthegreatstonesflewfourfeetupintotheair.Whatkindofbuildingstaysupbestinanearthquake?TheAmericanscarefullystudiedtheresultsoftheearthquakeatSanFrancisco(1906)andbelieveditbestforbuildingstobemadewithconcrete(混凝土)wallstogetherbysteelframes.Sucharethebuildingsthatcan'tburnorfalleasily.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了地震带来的危害，并且介绍了1986年发生的地震。5．Whenanearthquakehappens,________canbeheard.A．trainsB．thousandsofpeopleC．agreatnoiseD．thepowerfulforces解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段“Thereisoftenagreatnoiseduringanearthquake.”得知，地震的时候有巨大的噪音，故选C。6．________make(s)morelossthantheearthquakeitself.A．NothingB．VolcanoesC．ForcesinsidetheearthD．Terriblewavesbytheearthquake解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesewavestravellongdistancesandrushoverthelandwhentheyreachit,breakingdownhousesandotherbuildings.Sometimestheybreakmorebuildingsthantheearthquakeitself.”得知地震波带来的危害比地震本身更大，故选D。7．Earthquakesoftenhappen________．A．nearvolcanoesB．inJapanC．inBritainD．BothAandB解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Somecountrieshavealargenumberofearthquakes.Japanisoneofthem”得知日本是地震常发地之一；根据“Somepeoplesaythatearthquakesoftenhappennearvolcanoes(火山),butitisnottrue.”得知A选项是错误的；根据第一段“therearefewearthquakesinBritain”可知C项错误，故选D。8．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Trains'turningoverisdirectlycausedbytheearthquakes.B．Someearthquakeshavetheircentersunderthesea.C．Itisn'tcertainthatearthquakeshappennearvolcanoes.D．Buildingswithconcretewallsarebetteragainstearth­quakes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段“believeditbestforbuildingstobemadewithconcrete(混凝土)wallstogetherbysteelframes”可知D选项答案并不全，应为concretewallstogetherbysteelframes，故选D。Ⅴ.任务型阅读MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.1.________Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier(收银员).2.________Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmoreplex(复杂的)waysofusingmoney.MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.3.________Ifyoumustsaynotoachild'srequesttospendmoney,explain,“youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say,“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”4．________Beginatthegrocerystore(杂货店)．Pickouttwosimilarbrands(商标)ofaproduct—