2021年4月自考00832英语词汇学试题及答案含解析

英语词汇学年月真题

0083220214

1、【单选题】Chamber'sEncyclopedicEnglishDictionaryisagoodexample

of______.

encyclopedicdictionaries

encyclopedia

A:

linguisticdictionaries

B:

specializeddictionaries

C:

答D:案：A

2、【单选题】Accordingtothedegreeofassimilationandmannerofborrowing,

wordslikeport,shirt,andcupcanbebroughtundertheclassof______.

denizens

aliens

A:

translation-loans

B:

semantic-loans

C:

答D:案：A

3、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthebasicwordstockof

English?

Thebasicwordstockhasundergonealmostnochanges.

Wordsofthebasicwordstockaremostlypolysyllabicwords.

A:

Wordsofthebasicwordstockconstitutealargepercentageofthe

B:

Englishvocabulary.

C:

Thebasicwordstockhasfivecharacteristics,ofwhichthemostimportant

isallnationalcharacter.

D:

答案：D

4、【单选题】TheEnglishlanguageusedbetween450and1150iscalled______.

OldEnglish

MiddleEnglish

A:

EarlyModernEnglish

B:

LateModernEnglish

C:

答D:案：A

5、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword”______”canbegroupedtogetherwith

arena,speciesandalibiastheloanwordsfromLatin

mutton

status

A:

piano

B:

model

C:

答D:案：B

6、【单选题】Thesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwordsis

the______.

morpheme

root

A:

stem

B:

suffix

C:

答D:案：A

7、【单选题】Structurally,manywordscanbeseparatedintoevensmaller

meaningfulunits,suchasrecollection,whichcanbebrokendowninto______.

re-,co-,llect,-ion

re-,col-,lect-,-ion

A:

re-,collec-,-tion

B:

re-,collect,-ion

C:

答D:案：D

解析：正确辨析词素recollection包括词根collect、前缀re-和后缀-ion三部分。

8、【单选题】Themorphemeofthepasttensemarker-edispronouncedas/t/in

worked,and/d/intried.Thisexampleshows______.

morphemesareabstractunits

morphsareactualspoken,minimalcarriersofmeaning

A:

allomorphsarephoneticallyconditionedandthuspredictable

B:

affixesareaddedtoothermorphemestocreatenewwords

C:

答D:案：C

9、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword”______”hasaderivationalaffix.

machines

A:

children's

happier

B:

northward

C:

答D:案：D

10、【单选题】Theprefixesa-,in-,andnon-canbeclassifiedinto______

prefixes.

negative

reversative

A:

pejorative

B:

number

C:

答D:案：A

11、【单选题】InwhichofthefollowingsentencesistheitalicizedwordNOT

converted?

I'moneofhisfamiliars.

Wecan'tstomachsuchaninsult.

A:

Continentalquiltssimplifybed-making.

B:

Shesingledhimoutatonceasapossiblevictim.

C:

答D:案：C

12、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theword”______“isformedbyclipping.

medicare

quake

A:

V-Day

B:

smog

C:

答D:案：B

13、【单选题】Wordsarebutsymbols,manyofwhichhavemeaningonlywhenthey

haveacquired______.

sense

concept

A:

motivation

B:

reference

C:

答D:案：D

14、【单选题】Thefollowingwordsareonomatopoeticallymotivatedwords

EXCEPT______.

miaow

greenhorn

A:

trumpet

B:

tick-tuck

C:

答D:案：B

15、【单选题】Thewordhomemayremindreadersoftheir"family,friends,warmth,

safety",etc.Inthissense,thewordhomeconveys______.

connotativemeaning

stylisticmeaning

A:

affectivemeaning

B:

collocativemeaning

C:

答D:案：A

16、【单选题】Synchronically,______isviewedasthecoexistenceofvarious

meaningsofthesamewordinacertainhistoricalperiodoftime.

homonymy

hyponymy

A:

polysemy

B:

synonymy

C:

答D:案：C

17、【单选题】Theprimarymeaningofthewordneckis“______”

thatpartofthegarment

thatpartofmanoranimaljoiningtheheadtothebody

A:

anarrowpartbetweentheheadandbodyofanyobject

B:

thenarrowestpartofanything:bottle,land,straitorchannel

C:

答D:案：B

18、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,thesynonyms“______”resultfromborrowing.

leave/depart

job/gig

A:

dreamer/star-gazer

B:

finish/getthrough

C:

D:

答案：A

19、【单选题】Theprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadaspecialized

meaninghasnowbecomegeneralizediscalled______.

extension

narrowing

A:

elevation

B:

transfer

C:

答D:案：A

20、【单选题】Wordmeaningchangesbythemodeofnarrowing,whichcanbe

illustratedbytheword”______”.

journal(dailypaper-periodical)

poison(drink-poisonousdrink)

A:

governor(pilot-headofastate)

B:

companion(onewhosharesbread-acompany)

C:

答D:案：B

21、【单选题】Degradationofmeaningcanbeshownintheword______.

earl(man-count)

meat(food-fleshofanimals)

A:

criticize(appraise-findfaultwith)

B:

barn(aplaceforstoringonlybarley-astoreroom)

C:

答D:案：C

22、【单选题】Theworddoindoone'steethmeans______.

workout

brush

A:

arrange

B:

study

C:

答D:案：B

23、【单选题】WecanhavedifferentunderstandingswiththesentenceTheball

wasattractivebecauseof______.

thereferent

antonymy

A:

thegrammaticalstructure

B:

C:

homonymy

答D:案：D

24、【单选题】WhattypeofcontextcluesisusedinthesentencePerhapsthe

moststartlingtheorytocomeoutofkinesics.thestudyofbodymovement,was

suggestedbyProfessorBirdwhistell?

Definition.

Example.

A:

Synonymy.

B:

Antonymy.

C:

答D:案：A

解析：本题考查第八章提供线索来猜测题意的方法，一共有definition，explanation,

example,synonymy,antonymy,hyponymy,relevantdetail,wordstructure八种，因

此需要详细学会辨析这八种方法和例子。题干中给出了kinesics,又紧着着说了the

studyofbodymovement,wassuggestedbyProfessorBirdWhistell，符合对定义的

解释说明，因此选择B定义。

25、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutidiomsisNOTtrue?

Idiomsarecolorful,forcibleandthought-provoking

Idiomsarenotreadilyunderstandablefromtheirliteralmeaningsofindividual

A:

elements.

B:

IdiomscanonlybefoundinthelanguageofEnglish.

Idiomsmayincludecolloquialismsandslangexpressionsinabroadsense.

C:

答D:案：C

26、【单选题】Whichtypeoffigureofspeechisusedintheidiomasgratefulas

aswan?

Metaphor.

Simile.

A:

Personification.

B:

Metonymy.

C:

答D:案：B

27、【单选题】Ofthefollowing,theexpression”______”isanidiom.

feetservice

hairservice

A:

B:

teethservice

lipservice

C:

答D:案：D

28、【单选题】Whichofthefollowingisatypeofphoneticmanipulation?

Reiteration.

Repetition.

A:

Juxtaposition.

B:

Rhyme.

C:

答D:案：D

29、【单选题】WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtotheusageinformation

providedbymostdeskdictionaries?

Style.

Register.

A:

Definition.

B:

Currency.

C:

答D:案：C

30、【单选题】Chamber'sEncyclopedicEnglishDictionaryisagoodexample

of______.

encyclopedicdictionaries

encyclopedia

A:

linguisticdictionaries

B:

specializeddictionaries

C:

答D:案：A

31、【问答题】Thepresent-dayEnglishvocabularygrowsveryfast.Explainthe

mainsourcesofnewwordswithexamples.

答案：Generally,therearethreemainsourcesofnewwords.Rapiddevelopment

ofmodernscienceandtechnologybreedsnewwordslikegreenrevolution;

social,economicandpoliticalchangesbringaboutsuchwordsasfastfood;

theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguagescanbefeltinsuchwordsas

kungfu.(其他举例正确的也可给分)

32、【问答题】Whatisthebestwaytoclassifyprefixes?Why?

答案：Themajorityofprefixesarecharacterizedbytheirnon-class-changing

nature.Theirchieffunctionistochangemeaningsofthestems.Accordingly,

weshallclassifyprefixesonasemanticbasis.

33、【问答题】Whatisthedifferencebetweenperfecthomonymsandpolysemants?

答案：Perfecthomonymsandpolysemantsarefullyidenticalwithregardto

spellingandpronunciation.Thefundamentaldifferencebetweenthemliesinthe

factthattheformerreferstodifferentwordswhichhappentosharethesame

formandthelatteristheoneandsamewordwhichhasseveral

distinguishablemeanings.

34、【问答题】Whyiscontextveryimportantfortheunderstandingofword-

meaning?

答案：Becausethemeaningisinfluencedimmediatelybythelinguisticcontext,

andinmanycasesbythewholespeechaswell.Withoutcontext,thereisnoway

todeterminetheverysenseofthewordthatthespeakerintendedto

convey;whereaswithcontextthereisgenerallynodangerofmisinterpretation,

formeaninglivesincontextandthecontextdefinesmeaning.

35、【问答题】lustratethedifferenceofback-formationandbackclippingwith

theexamplewordseditor-editanddormitory-dorm.

答案：Back-formationisconsideredtobetheoppositeprocessofsuffixation.

Asweknow,suffixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingsuffixesto

bases,andback-formationisthereforethemethodofcreatingwordsbyremoving

thesupposedsuffixes.Thisisbecausemanyoftheremovedsuffixesarenot

truesuffixesbutinseparablepartsofthewords.Forexample,theverbedit

ismadebydroppingtheending-orineditor.Clippingisanotherwayof

makingaword.Itistoshortenalongerwordbycuttingapartoffthe

originalandusingwhatremainsinstead.Backclippingkeepsthefrontpartof

theword,droppingtheremainingsyllables,suchasdormfordormitory.

36、【问答题】Commentonthedifferencesbetweensynonymsbyanalyzingthe

followingexamples.(1)little/small/tiny(examples:thelovelylittleboy/the

smallboy/thetinyboy)(2)sense/meaning(examples:Thewordhastwosenses./

Heisamanofsense./Thewordhastwomeanings.)

答案：Synonymsmaydifferinconnotation.Manysynonymshaveclearaffective

values.Forgroup(1),thesethreeadjectiveslittle,small,tinyalldescribe

thesmallnessoftheboy.Butlittlesuggestsattractivenessand

pleasantness,tinyimpliestheabnormalgrowthofthechildandsmallsimply

conveystheideaofbeingnotbig.Therefore,littleisappreciative,smallis

neutralandtinyisderogatory.Synonymsmayalsodifferinapplication.For

group(2),senseandmeaningaresynonymousandinterchangeableinsomecases.

“Thewordhastwosenses”means“thewordhastwomeanings”.Senseand

meaningareinterchangeable.“Heisamanofsense”isacceptable,but“He

isamanofmeaning”isunacceptable.Thus,senseandmeaningarenot

interchangeable.

37、【填空题】TheEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromthe______,whichdoesnot

haveaseparatelettertorepresenteachsoundinthelanguagesothatsome

lettersmustdodoubledutyorworktogetherincombination.

答案：Romans

38、【填空题】The______languagefamilyismadeupofmostofthelanguagesof

Europe,theNearEast,andIndia.

答案：Indo-European

解析：印欧语系的构成有欧洲大部分语言，近东和印度的语言。

39、【填空题】InEnglish,boundrootsareeitherLatinorGreek.Althoughthey

are______innumber,theirproductivepowerisamazing.

答案：limited

40、【填空题】TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschiefly

on______.

答案：word-formation

41、【填空题】Everywordthathasmeaninghas______,butnoteverywordhas

reference.

答案：sense

42、【填空题】Sofarasspellingandpronunciationareconcerned,wordsare

arbitrarysymbolsand______identities.

答案：independent

43、【填空题】Wordswhichwereusedtodesignateonethingbutlaterchangedto

meansomethingelsehaveexperiencedtheprocessofsemantic______.

答案：transfer

44、【填空题】Ambiguity