Unit 4 History And Traditions单元小测 2024届高考英语人教版（2019）必修第二册一轮复习

必修二Unit4HistoryAndTraditions单元小测(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyoulandinIndiaanytimeinlateFebruaryorMarch,it’swisetocheckthedatesoftheannualHoliFestivalandbringasparesetofclothes.That’sbecauseforafewdaysinspring,peoplecrowdthestreetsandpelt(向……投掷)anyonewalkingbywithbrightly-coloredpowdertocelebratethearrivalofspringandtheendofevil.It’shardtoavoidthefunandthepaint,unlessyoustayinsideorlookangryenoughtodiscouragethecustom.“Watchout,madam!”saidmytaxidriverinAmritsaraswedrovethroughacrowdofyoungpeoplepeltingeachotherwithpowder.“Thecolorsnevercomeoutofyourclothes,”hesaid.“Andyoumightbehavingpurplehairformanydays.”Ididaquickcheck.Iwaswearingblack,acolorrarelyseeninIndia.Itisusuallyconnectedwiththelowestsocialclasses,andcanbeviewedasunlucky.Iwashappyformyclothestobepaintedincolors.“IhavesomepowderIboughtformychildren.Youcanhavesomegladly,tojoininourcustoms,”heencouragedme.Holdingwhatthedriverhandedmeasmyweaponofchoice,IwalkedintotheHolismoke.Atfirstpeoplepolitelyavoidedforeigners.Butthenagirlinasari(莎丽)ranupsmilingandputpaintonmyface.Ireturnedthefavorwithahandfulofpink.Withitsbrilliantclothes,exoticflowers,truckscoveredwithlightsandbrightlypaintedpicturesofgods,Indiaistrulyoneofthemostcolorfulplacesontheplanet!1.WhichofthefollowingsentencesabouttheHoliFestivaliscorrect?A.Itfallsonthesamedayeachyearandiscelebratedforafewdays.B.Itisaplayfulculturaleventtothrowcolorsatfriendsorstrangers.C.Ithasmanypurposes,celebratingtheendofspringinparticular.D.Itisfunforlocalpeoplebutalittleunacceptableforforeigners.2.Theauthorwashappyforherblackclothestobepaintedincolorsbecause.

A.thefestivalinfluencedhertasteinfashionB.thetaxidriversuggestedwearingsomethingcolorfulC.blackisthecolornotlikedbypeopleinIndiaD.agirlinvitedhertojoinintheircustoms3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.thecolorblackprovidespeoplewithasenseofmysteryandtraditionB.foreignerscan’tbetoocarefulinthestreetsinIndiaduringtheHoliFestivalC.saris,wornespeciallybyIndianwomen,areamustfortheHolicelebrationD.anyonecanbeattackedduringtheHoliFestivalBTheculturesoftheEastandtheWestarereallydifferentfromeachotheralot.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparateonesonthewhole.TheoriginoftheEasterncultureismainlyfromtwocountries:ChinaandIndia.Bothofthetwoculturesweredevelopedbyrivers—theYellowRiverinChinaandtheIndusRiverinIndia.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasupontheMesopotamianPlain—theMesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientGreeceandAncientRome.AndthesetwoarewellknownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.LiketheChineseculture,theEuropeanculturealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn’thavemuchdifferencefromtheEuropeanculture.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographic(象形文字的)languagewhiletheWesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencescountaswell.Butwhat’smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandtheWest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateduntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswithalmostnointerferencefromtheother.Thedifferencesareeverywhere.Theyareobviousandmakepeople’swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworlddifferent.Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldofthe21stcenturymorecolorful.Theculturaldifferencesshouldnotbetheobstacle(障碍)tothecivilizationofhumanbeing.Itoughttobethedrivingforceofourgoingfarther.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theoriginofcultures.B.Culturaldifferences.C.Languagesystems.D.Thecolorfulworld.5.WhyistheAmericanculturesimilartotheEuropeanculture?A.Bothofthetwocultureshaveaverylonghistory.B.TheyhavethesamemotherriverastheChineseculture.C.TheearlysettlersfromBritainbroughttheirculturetoAmerica.D.BoththeBritishandAmericanslivealongthecoastoftheAtlanticOcean.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“interference”inParagraph4?A.Difference.B.Influence.C.Confidence.D.Environment.7.Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Amagazine.C.Anovel. D.Aguidebook.CHowmuchsleepdoweneed?It’safundamentalquestionaboutabasichumanfunctionwe’vebeenpracticingforalongtime,butthere’sstillnosimpleanswer.Butwhetheryou’reamorningoreveningpersoncouldbeguidedbyyourgenes.Thatis,yoursleepingpatternwillchangenaturallywithage,whichisalsoreflectedintherecommendationsoftheNationalSleepFoundation:itsuggests14—17hoursofshuteyeadayfornewbornbabiesandonly7—8hoursforover-65-year-olds.Butscientistssaiditwasaboutmorethansimpleduration.Teensandpeopleintheirearly20sdowanttogotobedlaterandgetuplatertoo.Somethingmighthavetodowithchanginghormones(荷尔蒙).“Onaverage,there’saboutatwo-hourdifferenceinpreferredsleeptimesbetweenpeopleintheirlateteensorearlytwentiesandpeopleintheirlate50sorearly60s,”hesaid.“Soaskingateenagertogetupat7o’clockinthemorningistheequivalentofaskinga55-year-oldtogetupatfiveinthemorning.”Attheendoftheday,thebestwaytomeasurehowmuchsleepyouneedistolistentoyourownbody.Doyourelyonanalarmclocktowakeup?Doesittakealongtimetofeelawake?Areyoudependentoncoffeedrinkstokeepyoufocusedduringtheday?Areyouoverlyimpulsive(易冲动的)ordoyoufindyourselfrunningalotoftrafficlights,forinstance?Allthesecouldbesignsthatyou’renotgettingenoughsleep.Andthat,weknowtoday,isbad.Theenvironmentcanaffectyoursleeppreferencesbutyourgenesstay.Scientistssaidthattheunderstandingoftheimportanceofsleepwas“oneofthegreatachievementsofmodernneuroscience(神经科学),”andthatsocietywasmovingfromtheall-nighterculturetorespectingtheneedforsleep.8.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Anewbornbabysleepsmorehoursthananoldperson.B.Thereisnosolutiontocalculatingoursleepinghours.C.Oursleepingpatternisinvariable.D.Ourgenesareirrelevanttooursleep.9.What’sthewriter’sintentionofwritingthepassage?A.Toreporthisresearchresults.B.Toexpresstheimportanceofsleep.C.Tolistsomesleepingpatterns.D.Topersuadepeopletohaveenoughsleep.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Notgettingenoughsleep.B.Listeningtoyourownbody.C.Runningalotoftrafficlights.D.Notunderstandingoftheimportanceofsleep.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SleepingPatternsB.TheImportanceofSleepC.AGreatAchievementofNeuroscienceD.DifferentPeopleNeedDifferentAmountsofSleepDThemostpopularmartialarts(武术)todaycamefromAsia,especiallyChina.SomeChinesefightingstyleswereinventedmorethan3,000yearsago.Manymartialartswereinventedbecausepeopleneededtodefendthemselvesorprotectothers.Nowadays,peoplelearnmartialartsasawayofkeepingfitorasacompetitivesport,buttheyarestillveryusefulforself-defence.Martialartsareoftenreferredtoasbeingeithersoftorhard.Thesetermsimplyawayofdealingwithyouropponent’s(对手的)force.Softmartialarts,suchast’aichi,teachyoutouseyouropponent’sownforcetodefendyourself.Softstylesusemovementsandtimingtoavoid,deflectandredirecttheopponent’sattacks.Thesemartialartsaresoftforthedefenderbutnotfortheattacker!Ontheotherhand,hardstyles,suchaskungfu,teachyoutodefendyourselfbyusingforce.Techniquesinvolveblocks,posturesandpowerfulpunchesandkicks.Hardmartialarttechniqueswillbemoreeffective(有效的)ifyouaremoreskillful,morepowerfulandfasterthanyouropponent.PerhapsoneofthebestknownJapanesemartialartstodayiskarate.ButdoyouknowthatitcamefromFujianProvince?AcommunityofChinesemigrants(移民)fromFujiansettledinwhatwasthenthekingdomofOkinawa.TheChinesemigrantsusedtogatherinaparktoenjoyculturalactivities—oneofwhichwaskungfu.Thissooncaughttheattentionoflocalyouths,whostartedlearningkungfufromtheirChineseneighbours.Infact,Chineseinfluenceonmartialartswasnotonlykungfu.TheveryfirstKoreanmilitarytrainingmanualwasbasedonaChineseversion.DuringtheJapaneseinvasion(侵略)ofKoreainthe16thcentury,theKoreanarmyneededaneffectivewaytotrainalargenumberofsoldiers.TheyusedatrainingmethodologyfromaChinesemilitarymanualcalledJiXiaoXinShu,writtenbythefamousChinesegeneral,QiJiguang,whohaddefeatedtheJapanesearmyhimself.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Softmartialarts.B.Hardmartialarts.C.Theeffectsofmartialarts.D.Thekindsofmartialarts.13.Whichplaceisthehomeofkarate?A.Japan.B.Korea.C.China.D.Okinawa.14.WhydidtheKoreanarmyuseJiXiaoXinShu?A.Tostrengthenitsarmy.B.Togainfame.C.ToinvadeJapan.D.ToenlargetheareaofKorea.15.Fromthepassagewecanlearnpeoplehavebeenusingmartialarts.

A.todefendothersB.toprotectthemselvesC.tokeepfitD.asacompetitivesport第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manycountrieshavetraditionaldishes,madefromspecialingredientsandpreparedinacertainway.16,andwhentouristsvisit,thesearethefoodstheywanttotry.Butwhyaresomefoodsmorepopularthanothersincertainareas?

TraditionalingredientsTypicalrecipes(菜谱)areusuallymadefromnativeplantandanimalproducts.Forexample,KoreandishesoftenincludericeandsoybeansbecausebothplantsarenativetoEastAsiaandgrowwellinhot,wetareas.Incontrast,wheatgrowswellindrierareas,liketheMiddleEast,wherebreadisacommonstaplefood.17,whereasinlandcuisinestendtousemoremeatfromfarmanimals.

FoodpreservationLocalcuisinesoftendependonhowpeopletraditionallypreparefoodforstorage.Inwarmweather,meatandfishcangooffquickly,sotheymustbecookedrightawayorpreservedforlater.18.Forthatreason,modernNorwegiancuisinesincludemanysmokedfoods.

Cookingtechniques19.InChina,peopleoftenfryfoodinadeepmetalpanorsteamitinabasketoverhotwater.InMorocco,peoplecooktraditionaldishesinaspecialpotcalledtagine.Andsomelocaldishesaren’tcookedatall.

Imported(进口的)ingredientsSometimeslocalcuisinesincludeingredientsthatoriginallycamefromanotherplace.20,whilemanyRussiandishesaremadeofpotatoes.However,alloftheseingredientswerebroughttoEuropefromSouthAmericainthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturies.Butnowtheyarecommonaroundtheworld.

A.SeafoodisoftenakeyingredientincoastalareasB.ThereisadangerthatlocalfoodtraditionswillbelostC.ManydifferentcookingtechniquesareusedaroundtheworldD.Forexample,ItaliandishesoftenincludetomatoesandpeppersE.TheselocaldishescanbecomesymbolsofaplaceanditscultureF.Nowadays,wecanbuyfoodproductsfromallaroundtheworldG.InNorway,theVikingsusedto“cure”meatandfishbysmokingthemoverafire16.17.18.19.20.

第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheBritishIslesconsistoftwolargeislands.OneiscalledIrelandandtheotherBritain.Britain,orGreatBritain,isthelargeroneofthesetwoislands,anditis21intothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.

TheUnitedKingdomisthatpartoftheBritishIsles22bytheQueen.ItismadeupofScotland,WalesandEngland,thatis,thewholeofBritain,andalsoaboutonesixthofIreland,thenorthernpart.TherestofIrelandisself-governing.ToftheUnitedKingdomis24“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”.

Englandis25andricherthanScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland,andhasthemost26oftheUnitedKingdom,sopeopleoftenusethe27“England”and“English”whentheysay“Britain”and“British”.ThissometimesmakestheScotsandtheWelshalittle28.TheScotsinparticulararevery29oftheirseparatenationality.TheWelshalsodonot30themselvesastheEnglish,andhaveacultureand31alanguageoftheirown.

IrelandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdomin1801,butforfortyyearsthe“IrishQuestion”wasthegreatestheadacheoftheUnitedKingdom.32,Irelandwasdividedintotwo:NorthernIrelandstill33totheUnitedKingdom,andin1922therestofIreland34tofoundanIrishFreeState,latercalledEireandnowtheRepublicofIreland.

TheRepublicofIrelanddoesnotregarditselfaspartofBritain,andisnotnowevenasupporteroftheCommonwealthofNations.UnlikethemajorCommonwealthcountries,itdidnotliftafingerto35BritainintheWorldWarⅡandnowwantsthewholeofIrelandtobearepublic.

21.A.divided B.cutC.broken D.turned22.A.watchedout B.takenupC.defendedagainst D.ruledover23.A.correct B.trueC.full D.last24.A.because B.thereforeC.likely D.perhaps25.A.meaner B.widerC.poorer D.larger26.A.colleges B.officialsC.cities D.population27.A.words B.namesC.spellings D.pronunciations28.A.angry B.cautiousC.enjoyable D.lonely29.A.proud B.tiredC.fond D.careful30.A.respect B.rankC.elect D.regard31.A.ever B.evenC.seldom D.never32.A.Finally B.HoweverC.Meanwhile D.Instead33.A.returns B.belongsC.refers D.adds34.A.turnedaway B.ranawayC.brokeaway D.keptaway35.A.unite B.rejectC.fight D.help第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaisthenativeplaceoftea.Originally,tea36(use)asakindofmedicineinsteadofadrink.Later,astheancientChineseexplored37(far)intothefeaturesoftea,theyseparatedit38herbsandmadeitintoakindofdrinkand39(gradual)itdevelopedintoChineseteaculture.

Recordsshowthatthecustomofteadrinking,40startedintheWesternHanDynasty,alreadybecame41fashionforpeopleinahigh42(society)positionduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty.IntheTangDynastyitwascommon43(drink)tea.Andpeopletriedoutevenmore44(approach)todrinkingtea.IntheSongDynasty,teaplantingandtradewereontheincreaseandthetechniqueof45(make)teawasgreatlyimproved.BytheYuanDynasty,drinkingteahadbecomesomethingverycommonineverydaylife.IntheMingandQingdynasties,peopledrankteainalmostthesamewayaswedotoday.

36.37.38.39.40.

41.42.43.44.45.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华,你有一位英国网友,名叫Tom,他听说了中国的故宫,但对其了解不多,于是给你发来一封电子邮件,请你给他介绍一些有关故宫的情况。请根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件:1.故宫(thePalaceMuseum)又叫紫禁城(theForbiddenCity)。2.它于1406年开始建造,于1420年建成。3.相传它有殿宇宫室9,999间。在传统上,中国人认为9是一个吉利的数字。4.现在,故宫每周二免费向全国的中学生开放。5.故宫存放着有上千年历史的珍宝(precioustreasures),请他亲自来看一看。注意:1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearTom,Itisnicetoreceiveyoure-mail.NowI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutthePalaceMuseum._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150词左右。Peterwokeupearlyinthemorning.Hewentdownstairsinahurryandstartedtohavehisbreakfastasquicklyaspossible.“Whyareyouinsuchahurry,earlybird?”Mumaskedhim.“WewillhaveanEnglishspellingtesttoday,Mum,”Petersaid.“Mr.Whitepromisedtoofferprizestothosewhogetascoreof100.I’vebeenstudyingthewordlistsincelastweek.Althoughthewordsaredifficult,Iamwellpreparedforthem.”PeterreviewedthespellingofeachwordoncemorecarefullywhenDaddrovehimtoschool.Atlast,itwastimeforthestudentstohaveatest.“Responsibility,”Mr.Whitestarted.Peterwroteitonhistestpaperquicklyandconfidently.“Thesecondword:contribution,”Mr.Whitesaid.“Soeasy,”Peterthought.Hequicklywrotetheworddown.Thirtywordslater,thetestpaperswerecollectedbyMr.White.“Iamtomarkyourpapersnow,”hetoldtheclass.Aftermarkingthetestpapers,Mr.Whitesaid,“Threeofyouwinaprizetodayforexcellenttestscores.Peter,DavidandMaryget100percentinthespellingtest!”Mr.Whitepraisedthem.Meanwhile,hegavethethreestudentseachadictionary.Peter’swasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary—theonehelikedbest.Peterwassoexcitedthatheheldithighwhenhisclassmatescheered.“Thisismyhappiestmoment,”Peterthought.AfterMr.Whitegavethetestpaperback,Peterhadalookatthewords,feelingproudofhisspelling.Allofasudden,theword“contribution”confusedhim.Itdidn’tseemright.Peterbegantocomparethemaftertakingoutthewordlist.“C-o-n-t-r-i-b-u-s-i-o-n,”hewhispered.Hehadspelleditwrong.“WhatamItodo?”Petersaidtohimself.“IexpectmyclassmatestothinkI’mamasterinspelling.IfItellMr.WhiteoneofmyspellingwordsiswrongI’llhavetogivemyprizeback,orIwillbecomeanexampleoftellingalie.”Staringattheredsign“100%”whichwaswrittenonhistestpaper,Peterwaslostinthought.Afterawhile,herememberedalessonMumusedtoteachhim,“Weoughttobeanhonestperson.”Paragraph1:Slowly,Peterraisedhishand.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Peterlookedaround.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________