2022-2023学年安徽省六安市金安区田家炳实验中学高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

2022-2023学年安徽省六安市金安区田家炳实验中学高一（下）

期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

AirTravelGuidelinesforChildren

We'reheretohelpyoupreparetoflywithyourchildren.Here*showitworks.

Bookingachild'sticket

You'llneedtobuyaseparateticketif：

•Youbookanintemationalflight.

•Yourchildis2yearsoldorolderattakeoff.

•Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.

Insomecases,childrencanflyforfree.Ifeverythingbelowistrue,youwon'tneedtobuyyourchilda

separateticket：

•Youbookadomestic（国内）flight.

•Yourchildisababy（lessthan2yearsold）,altakeoff.

•Yourbabysitsonthelegsofatravelerovertheageof12.

•Nomorethan1babyisseatedonthelegsofatraveler.

Nowfortherules,eachtravelerovertheageof12mayaccompany（陪伴）upto2babies,eachseated

intheirownseat.

Documentsachildwillneed

Theairlinesdeterminewhatdocumentsyou'llneedtotravel.Inshort,ifyou'reflyingdomestically,each

childmightneedaphotoID.Ifyou'reflyinginternationally,eachchildwillneedapassport.Additionally,

childrenunder18travelingtoMexiconeedtoprovideproveddocumentationandlettersofpermission.For

moreinformation，pleasevisittheUSEmbassy（大使馆）website.

Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights

•Someairlinesmaychargeafeeforunaccompaniedchildservice.

•Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.

•Boththeadultdroppingthechildoffattheairportandtheadultpickingthechilduparerequiredtoshow

identification.

Contactyourairlinetoaskaboutmoreinformation.

1.Underwhichconditiondoyouhavetobuyaticketforyourbabygirl?

A.Shesitsonyourlegs.

B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.

C.Sherequiresaseparateseat.

D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.

2.WhatdocumentmightachildneedtoflywithintheUSA?

A.AphotoID.B.Apassport.

C.Proveddocumentation.D.Aletterofpermission.

3.Whocanuseunaccompaniedchildservice?

A.A4-year-oldboy.B.A1O-year-oldboy.

C.An18-year-oldboy.D.A19-year-oldboy.

B

AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（创业者），whoinMay2015setupherbusiness

AilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollars

withtheinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.

ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandy

bar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissing

outoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodfor

myteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynoto

it

?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadif

shecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentists

aboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.

Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogeta

recipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteeth

cleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcan

reduceoralbacteria.

Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheir

firstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct-CanCandy.

AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiastic

aboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthatevery

kidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.

Meanwhile,withherparents'help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshe

foundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseherunique

talenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withher

talentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.

4.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?

A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetriedtofindawayout.

C.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.

5.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?

A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.

B.Itisfreeofsweeteners.

C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.

D.Itisproducedtoadentists1recipe.

6.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?

A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.

C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.

C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.

D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.

c

Tosome,acow'sburp（打嗝）mighlseemlikeasmallthing.BuiinNewZealand,therearemorecows

thanpeople.ThereareonlyfivemillionpeopleinNewZealand,whichishometo10millioncows.

Cowsdonoteasilydigestthegrasstheyeat——instead,theyferment（发酵）itintheirstomachs.The

processreleasesalotofgas.So,everytimesomeoneeatsbeefordrinksmilk,theprocesscomesatahigh

costtotheenvironment.Thecowsproducemethane（甲烷）gas,whichhasamuchstrongereffecton

globalwarming.

ThescientistsinNewZealandareworkingonwaystoreducetheamountofgasthatcomesoutofthe

cows.Theyareconsideringchangingthefoodtheanimalseatorputtingadeviceonthecowtochangethe

methaneintosomethinginnocuous.Thereisalsotalkoffeedingthecowsakindofspecialredseaweedor

givingthemafoodadditionthatwouldhelpthemdigestthegrass.

Inaddition,farmerswantasolution.ThatisbecauseNewZealandhasannouncedplanstotaxfarmers

whoseanimalsproducetoomuchmethanegas.Thefarmerssaytheywillbeaffectedifthetaxplangointo

effect.

AfarmerrunningafarminthetownofFeatherston,intheWellingtonRegion,istryingtogetmoremilk

fromeachcow.Theincreasedefficiencymeanshedoesnotneedasmanycows,whichinturnreducesthe

amountofmethanecomingfromhisfarm.Atafarmerlevel,heisdoinghisbittohelpsavetheplanet.

ThefightagainstmethaneisseriousinNewZealand.Thecountrypromisedtoreducethegasproducedby

farmanimalsbyupto47percentbytheyear2050.

8.Whydoescows*burpingbecomeaprobleminNewZealand?

A.NewZealandersprefermilk.

B.Thenumberofthecowsistoolarge.

C.Thecowsconsumemuchgrass.

D.Thecowshavethedigestiveproblem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"innocuous"meaninparagraph3?

A.Rare.B.Poisonous.C.Harmless.D.Inexpensive.

10.Whydocowfarmerswantasolution?

A.Theywillraisefewercows.

B.Theyareaffectedbythewarmclimate.

C.Theycan'tincreasemilkingefficiency.

D.Theywillfaceaheavierfinancialburden.

11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ClimateChange：CowRaisingIstoBlame.

B.MethaneGas：TheFightAgainstItIsSerious.

C.GlobalWarming：NewZealandTargetsCowBurps.

D.CowBurping：ScientistsLookforSomeWaystoStopIt.

D

“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It'sjustthatwecan'thearthesounds."Scientistsat

TelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertain

stressfulsituations.

Plantsproduceahighfrequency（频率）clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,the

clicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirsty

orinjured.nEachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,usaidProfessorLilachHadany,

wholedtheresearchstudy.

Focusingparticularlyontomatoes,wheatandcorn，theplantswereplacedinasoundproof（隔音的）

roomandrecordedbymicrophones.Someplantswerestarvedofwater,otherscut,andacontrolgroupwas

leftundamaged.Theresearchersusedanalgorithm（算法）toseparatethenoises,successfullytelling

thedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisina

greenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizethe

particularcriesforhelpoftheplants.

Onaverage,thehumanearcanhearsoundsuptoaround20kHz,whilethesoundsproducedbyplantsare

inthe40-80kHzregion,farbeyondourhearing.MThesoundsmadebyplantscan'tbeheardbyhumansbut

canprobablybeheardbyvariousanimals,suchasbats,miceandinsects,"Hadanytellsus.Thoughthis

hasyettobeproven,it'spossiblethatthesecreaturesusethisinformationtochoosewhichplantstoeat.

AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthat

plantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthat

plantscanreacttosounds,there'snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.

12.Whatcanweknowfromthesix-yearexperiment?

A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequency.

B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.

C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.

D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequencywhateverthesituation.

13.Whatisthealgorithmusedforintheresearch?

A.Torecordthesounds.B.Tocontrolthesounds.

C.Toproducethesounds.D.Toidentifythesounds.

14.Whathasbeenprovenbyscientistsaccordingtothepassage?

A.Plantscanheareachother'scryforhelp.

B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.

C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.

D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.SoundsThatWeCan'tHear

B.BeautifulSongsfromPlants

C.PlantsReacttoDifferentTypesofStress

D.PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

HowtoOvercomeSocialAnxiety

Socialanxietyisacommontypeofanxietydisorder.(1).Sotheywanttobeunattractive,hiding

awayfromothersinasocialevent.Hereareafewtipsthatcanhelpyoutoovercomeit.

(2)______

Alotofpeoplewithsocialanxietyfeelashamedofgettinghelpfromaprofessional,butregularvisitswith

atherapist(治疗专家)willhelpinsomanyways.Therearemanytherapistswhospecializeindealingwith

socialanxiety,sotrytogethelptoproperlydealwiththeanxietyattacks.

Listdownthethingsthatstressyouout

Listdownallyoursituationsthatcancauseanxietyaccordingtoitslevelsyoufeel.(3).Make

itahabittolistdownhowyoureacttothosesituationsasyouprogress.Thenmoveyourwayupthe

list.Practisedoingthisregularlyandyouwillfindthatyouhavemadegreatimprovements.

Createrealisticandobjectivegoals

Setarealisticandobjectivegoalforeveryplanyoumake.Makesurethatyouaresettingyourgoals

correctly.(4)Alwaysremindyourselfofthisgoaleverydayandkeepyoureyesonituntilyou

gettheresultyouareaimingfor.

(5),becausesocialanxietyisabattleinthemind.Youjusthavetoreprogramyourthinking

approaches.

A.Seekprofessionalhelp

B.Trytohideyourselfawayfromothers

C.Startoffbyexposingyourselftotheeasiestones

D.Aboveall,you'dbetterchangethewayyouthink

E.Manypeoplearesufferingsocialanxietynowadays

F.Non-realistictargetsmayjustbringyoudisappointmentinthelongrun

G.Peoplewithitfearthenegativeorevenpositiveevaluationofothersaroundthem

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

WhenIwasachild,Ibeganlearningtoplaythepiano,whichwasmyfavouritemusical(1),

butIwasforcedtogiveupwhenIstartedmymiddleschoolsothatIcouldconcentratemoreonmystudies.

It'soneofmybiggest(2)tostoppractisingthepianowhenIrecallsadlytoday.Duringthe

followingyears,IkepttellingmypianoteacherthatIwould(3).However,Ididn'tkeepmy

promisebecauseIwasoccupiedwithmystudy.(4)Ilosttouchwithmyteacher.Someyearslater,

myteacherdied.IwasverysadbecauseIlostsuchagoodteacher.Shewasaverywarmandgentle

person.lthurtsmetothinkshemayhavebeen(5)thatIneverreturned.Ihaven'ttakenlessons

sincethenbuttobehonest,I(6)to.Sittingatthepiano,Icouldn'thelprecallingmanymemories

—timesofmypractisingathomeandplayingbeforemyteacherandonetimemyteacher(7)

meafterIplayedentirepiecesofmusicwronginfrontofhercolleagues.Iwasso(8)thatIcould

hardlysayanything.Buther(9)helpedeasemyshame.Thesememories,(10),

goodorbad,nevercausedmycourageforplayingthepianoagain.

Thisthoughtthenledmetothinkthat(11)islikemusic,andthatwealltrytoplaydifferent(12)

intheinstrumentofourlife.Sometimesthepitch(音准)(13)whenweplayitwell,

butsometimesweareoutoftune.However,weallcontinuetocreateourown(14)styleof

music.Nomatterwhatstyleourmusicis,itisimportantthatwesingthesongsofjoy,quietnessand

love.ThoughImaynevermakeitbacktopianolessons,itdoesn't(15)thatFvestoppedmaking

music.

21.A.roomB.performanceC.instrumentD.stage

22.A.successesB.decisionsC.regretsD.hobbies

23.A.performB.graduateC.leaveD.return

24.A.ActuallyB.ConstantlyC.GraduallyD.Suddenly

25.A.disappointedB.gladC.astonishedD.amazed

26.A.likedB.wantedC.neededD.decided

27.A.instructedB.hurtC.punishedD.respected

28.A.frightenedB.movedC.excitedD.embarrassed

29.A.happinessB.comfortC.satisfactionD.sigh

30.A.insteadB.meanwhileC.thereforeD.however

31.A.lifeB.learningC.attitudeD.enjoyment

32.A.cardsB.rolesC.sportsD.games

33.A.hardB.surprisingC.wonderfulD.complex

34.A.uniqueB.boringC.commonD.similar

35.A.matterB.meanC.reportD.appear

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Millionsoffirst-yearChineseprimary；middleandhighschoolstudentshavereceivednew

versionsofChineselanguagetextbooks.(1)(write)bytheMinistryofEducation,the

textbooksattachmoreimportancetotraditionalChineseculture.

TextbooksforhighschoolshavemorecontentontraditionalChinesearticlesandpoems.Primary

schoolstudents*bookscontain129ancientChinesearticles,(2)takeup30percentofall

thetexts.Thearticleswerechosenfromclassicessays,historicalrecords,andpoetry(3)

(date)backtotheHan,TangandSong(4)(dynasty).Beforetheofficialrelease；

thetextbooks(5)(test)inschoolsin2016,butnoteveryoneisafan：Someparents

havequestionedtheaddedfocus(6)classicalChinesenolongerinuse.

However,otherswelcomethenewbooks."Studentsatthatagemaynotbeabletounderstandclassic

poetryandessayswell,but(7)(them)willbenefitsoonerorlater,"oneteachersaid.

Infact,thetextbooksarriveatatimewhenancientChinesecultureisregaining(8)

(popular)inChina.Duringthisyear'sSpringFestival,theChinesePoetryConferencewaswatched

by(9)(many)peopleinChinathanmanysoapoperasorrealityshows.

It'stimeforourchildren(10)(learn)traditionalChineseculture.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是高一学生李华，某国际美术协会将组织青少年绘画比赛。你有意参加，请你用

英语给负责人写一封邮件，询问相关信息。要点如下：

(1)报名时间及方式；

(2)需要提供的信息；

(3)费用及其他。

注意：(10词数100左右；

(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Oneofmyleachersonceaskedmyclasswhatourfavoritememorywas.Myleacheraskedforthe

momentinwhich"youfellthebest；youfellthatyouhadtheworldinthepalmsofyourhand."Some

describedamazingawards；otherdescribedwinningatournament.Myanswer,however,invited

gigglesandhesitantsmiles.Why?BecauseIfeltthebestwhenIfirstlearnedhowtoridemybikeat

thirteen.Ididn'tmindmyclassmates*staresandmockery,becauseIknewtherewasmoretothestory.

MyeldersisterandIsharedatypicalsisterlyrelationship：wecouldn'tstandeachother.Iwasan

annoyancetoher.Anysortofconversationwehadusuallyendedupfighting.Gradually,Istartedto

learntobetotallyindifferent；perhapsthesilenttreatmentwouldgetmoreapproval.Iwaswrong.We

soonfellintoasadpattern.Iavoidedher,andsheignoredme.Deepinside,ithurt.Sothatwashow

itwasbetweenus.Shewasonlyasisterinname.Itrulybelievedthatwewouldforeverbeapart,two

housemateswithoutconversation,twostrangerswithoutwarmth.

IstillrememberthedayIlearnedtorideabike.IhadreceivedthebikethatChristmas,whichwas

great,untilIrealizedthatIhadnoideahowtorideit.Mymomhadlongabandonedanyattemptto

teachme.Ihadproventobeafrustratingstudent.Itookituponmyselftoleam,alittlebiteachday.It

wasnodifferent.!wascomingtotheendofmydailyone-hourtorture（折磨）.1wassofrustratedthat

Ithrewmybikeasideandbegantocry.

注意:

(1)续写词数应为150左右;

(2)请按相应位置作答。

Iguessthatwaswhatcausedmysistertocomeoutside.

"Imadeit,"Iexclaimedwithdelight.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Bookingachild'sticket中的•Yourchildisababysittinginhisorher

ownseat.（•你的孩子是一个坐在自己座位上的婴儿。）可知，如果需要一个单独的座位时需要

买票。A.Shesitsonyourlegs.她坐在你的腿上；B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.她需要国内航班;

C.Sherequiresaseparateseat.她需要一个单独的座位；D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.起飞

时她还不到两岁。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Documentsachildwillneed中的Inshort,ifyou'reflyingdomestically,

eachchildmightneedaphotoID.（简而言之，如果你乘坐的是国内航班，每个孩子可能都需要带

照片的身份证。）可知，孩子在美国境内飞行可能需要带照片的身份证。故选A.

（3）细节理解题。根据Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights中的

,Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.（・5岁以下和17岁以

上的孩子可能不适合无人陪伴的儿童服务。）可知，10岁的男孩可以使用无人陪伴儿童服务。故

选B。

这篇短文主要介绍了关于儿童乘机的一些指南和规定。首先是购买儿童机票的条件，如果是国际

航班、儿童年龄在2岁及以上、或者婴儿需要独自占座位，都需要购买单独的机票。但如果是国

内航班、婴儿年龄在2岁以下、并且婴儿坐在12岁以上的旅客腿上，且每个旅客腿上只有一个婴

儿，那么儿童可以免费乘机。其次是儿童所需的文件，国内航班可能需要身份证明，国际航班需

要护照，去墨西哥的未满18岁的儿童还需要提供证明文件和许可信。最后是关于未成年儿童乘机

的规定，一些航空公司可能会收取未成年儿童服务费，5岁以下和17岁以上的孩子可能不适合独

自乘机，送孩子去机场和接孩子的成年人都需要出示身份证明。建议咨询航空公司获取更多信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】B、A、B、C

［解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第二段的"ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesired

togetroundthewarning,Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan't

saynotoit?"但

是摩尔厌倦了错过糖果。所以她想避开这一警告：”为什么我不能做一种对牙齿有益的健康糖果,

这样我的父母就不会拒绝呢？”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父

亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。故选B项.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段的"Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusing

naturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.因此，她成功地

制作了一种只使用天然甜味剂的糖果，这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。”可知，这种糖只使用天然

甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对口腔健康有益。故选A项。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段的"Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheir

smiles.摩尔想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。”可知，Moore

想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。故选B项.

（4）C.推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moore的创业故事。面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，

积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故

选C项.

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了AliceMoore,一个年轻有为的创业者的故事。故

事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。

此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力。做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题

干进行比较，再做出正确选择。在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根

据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

8~11.【答案】B、C、D、C

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Tosome,acow'sbuq?mightseemlikeasmallthing.ButinNew

Zealand,therearemorecowsthanpeople.ThereareonlyfivemillionpeopleinNewZealand,whichis

hometo10millioncows.（对一些人来说，牛打嗝似乎是一件小事。但在新西兰，奶牛比人多。新

西兰只有500万人口，那里有1000万头牛。）和第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhas

amuchstrongereffectonglobalwarming.（奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。）

可知，奶牛打嗝会成为新西兰的一个问题是因为奶牛的数量太多了，会排放出大量的导致全球变

暖的甲烷气体。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhasamuchstrongereffecton

globalwarming.（奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。）和第三段的Theyare

consideringchangingthefoodtheanimalsealorputtingadeviceonthecowtochangethemethaneinto

somethinginnocuous.（他们正在考虑改变动物吃的食物，或者在牛身上安装一个装置，将甲烷转

化为innocuous的东西。）可知，该装置可以把甲烷变成安全无害的东西，以减少对全球变暖的影

响，所以划线词意为"无害的"。A.Rare稀罕的;B.Poisonous有毒的;C.Harmless无害的;D.Inexpensive

便宜的。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段的ThatisbecauseNewZealandhasannouncedplanstotaxfarmerswhose

animalsproducetoomuchmethanegas.Thefarmerssaytheywillbeaffectedifthetaxplangointoeffect.

（这是因为新西兰宣布计划对动物产生过多甲烷气体的农民征税。农民们表示，如果税收计划生

效，他们将受到影响。）可知，奶牛养殖户想要一个解决方案的原因是他们将面临更沉重的财政

负担。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第二段的Thecowsproducemethanegas,whichhasamuchstronger

effectonglobalwarming.（奶牛会产生甲烷气体，这对全球变暖的影响要大得多。）和最后一段的

ThefightagainstmethaneisseriousinNewZealand.Thecountrypromisedtoreducethegasproducedby

farmanimalsbyupto47percentbytheyear2050.（在新西兰，与甲烷的斗争是严肃的。该国承诺到

2050年将农场动物产生的甲烷气体减少47%。）可知，本文主要讲述的是，因为奶牛打嗝产生的

气体对全球变暖有很大影响，新西兰在寻找方法减少奶牛打嗝产生的气体，因此C选项“全球变暖：

新西兰着手解决奶牛打嗝”概括了文章大意，突出了中心，适合作为文章标题。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。短文章主要介绍了新西兰拥有比人口更多的奶牛，它们的放屁会产生甲烷气

体，对环境造成负面影响。新西兰的科学家正在研究减少奶牛产生甲烷气体的方法，包括改变奶

牛的饮食和使用特殊的红海藻。此外，政府计划对产生过多甲烷气体的农民征税，因此农民也在

积极寻求解决方案。新西兰承诺到2050年将减少农场动物产生的甲烷气体。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It's

justthatwecan'thearthesounds."ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,

provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.（"一片美丽的花田可能是一个相当嘈杂的

地方。只是我们听不到声音。”特拉维夫大学的科学家们进行了一项为期六年的实验，证明植物在

某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。）以及第二段Plantsproduceahighfrequency（频率）clickingsound,

andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,

dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured,"Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoa

specificsound."saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.（植物会发出高频率的咔

哒声，当缺水或受损时，咔哒声会变得更有规律。它们也会发出不同的声音，这取决于它们是口

渴还是受伤。”每种植物和每种类型的压力都与一种特定的声音有关，”领导这项研究的利拉克•哈

达尼教授说。）可知，这项为期六年的实验表明植物在有压力的情况下会发出有规律的声音。

A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequency.不同种类的植物发出相同频率的声

音；B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.植物在某些有压力的情况下会

发出更有规律的声音；C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.植物在受到

压力时发出的声音频率要低得多；

D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequencywhateverthesituation.植物无论在什么情况下都会发

出相同频率的声音。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Theresearchersusedanalgorithm（算法）toseparatethenoises,

successfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Theal

gorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,

butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.（研究人员使用了一种算法来

分离噪音，成功地根据它们缺水还是受到切割来区分声音。该算法在温室环境中进行了这项工作，

温室环境中有更多的周围声音，但它仍然能够识别出植物的特殊呼救声。）可知，该算法用来分

离噪音，辨别声音。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段

AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijingyearsago,

alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,

withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,

there'snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.（几年前，中国农业大学的RedaHassanien

领导的一项研究也证明了植物对声波的反应，一些植物的产量大大提高。虽然有证据表明植物可

以对声音做出反应，但现在还没有证据表明它们真的能听到声音。）可知，植物可以发出声音并

对声波做出反应。A.Plantscanheareachothefscryforhelp.；

B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.；

C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.；

D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.。故选Co

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段

“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.Ifsjustthatwecan'thearthesounds.nScientists

atTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,

provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations/"一片美丽的花田可能是一个相当嘈杂的

地方。只是我们听不到声音。"特拉维夫大学的科学家们进行了一项为期六年的实验，证明植物在

某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。