黄金卷5-2023年高考英语模拟卷（广东、山东卷）（原卷版）

【赢在高考・黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（山东、广东卷）

黄金卷05

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

TheCurb-cutEffect（路缘坡效应）referstothefactthatsupportingsmallgroupsofpeopleoftenendsup

helpingmuchlargerrangesofsociety

Curbcuts:Easingthewalking

Inthe1940s,hundredsofthousandsofWorldWarIIsoldiersreturnedhomewithdisabilities.Disappointed

bythedifficultiestheyfaced,JackFisherofKalamazoo,Michigan,asoneofthem,askedhiscitygovernmentto

buildanexperimentalcurbcut-agentleslopethatbringstheendofasidewalkdowntomeetthelevelofthe

street-atthecornersofseveralblocksdowntown.Afewmonthslater,Fisherreportedthatevenresidentswithout

wheelchairswereenjoyingtheimpactofthelittleslopes.

Readingmachines:Gettingthemessage

In1976,technologistRayKurzweilinventedamachinefortheblindandvisuallydamagedtochangeimages

intotextthatitthenreadaloud.Smartspeakerswiththosevoicesarenowinroughlyone-quarterofUShomes.By

detectingstreetsignsandhousenumbers,itishelpingbuildthemapsthatself-drivingcarsusetonavigatethe

world.

Closedcaptions（字幕）：Followingtheconversation

SearslaunchedthefirstTVwithabuilt-inequipmentthatalloweddeafandhard-of-hearingviewerstoread

alongwiththeirfavoriteprogramsin1980.Inthe1990s,textbecameincreasinglycommonasDVDsand,later,

streamingservicesaddedtheabilitytoswitchthewordsonatwill.A2006surveyfoundthatonlyaround20

percentofthepeopleusingcaptionshadhearingproblems.

DeafSpacedesigns:Keepingthingsquiet

Morethan150designsoftheDeafiSpaceProjectcamefromarchitectHanselBauman.Oneaimistoclear

distractingnoises,whichcanmakeitdifficultforpeopletousetheirlimitedhearingabilities.Bykeeping

conversationsandothersounddisturbancesfromwalkingandjumpingaroundtheroom,thesewaysalsomakeit

easierforallsortsofstudentsandworkerstofbcus.

CLICKHEREFORMOREINFORMATION

1.Whowerethefourinventionsinitiallyintendedtoserve?

A.Thearmy.B.Specialgroups.C.Allhumanbeings.D.Professionals.

2.WhatmightbeJackFisher?

A.Acitydesigner.B.Acitygovernor.C.Adisabledsoldier.D.Anordinaryroadman.

3.Whoseinventionhelpspeopletoconcentrate?

A.Sears*.B.JackFisher's.C.RayKurzweifs.D.HanselBauman's.

B

Byage12,GavinSvensonhadastronginterestininsects.Hecouldn'tgetenoughofdiggingforthem,

watchingthem,andcollectingthem.Heremembersthathisparentspatientlyindulged（纵容）hispassionfor

insectsevenashestoredtheminthefridgeoftheirhome.

Aroundthatage,SvensonsawaninterviewwithaninsectologistonTVandthought,44Whoa!Youcandothis

asajob?"Clearly,yes,whichexplainshowheendedupasthecurator（馆长）attheClevelandMuseumofNatural

History.

Deepintereststhatpresentatanearlyageoftenstaywithusthroughoutlife,saysSusanNewman,asocial

psychologist.

Sohowdoyouhelpyourteenagerfindtheirpassion?Parentscanbepatientandsupportive

withoutoverdoingit.Svensonfeelshisparentsfoundthenightbalance.<4Myparentsweresupersupportive,

butitwasmostlymedrivingit,“saysSvenson.Thoughhisparentshadsomeworriesabouthisnarrowchoiceofa

careerpath,theynevertriedtoforcehimtochangeit.

Teensarelikelytotrylotsofnewactivitiesandmaydropthemalmostasquicklyastheypickthemup.So

howcanparentsknowwhenit'satruepassionandwhennot?Newmandescribesapassionas“aninterestor

activitythatyoucan'tgetenoughof;itkeepsyoucomingbackformore.^^Newmansays,"Asaparent,you'll

noticethatyoucan'tgettheirattentionbecausetheyaretotallyabsorbed.^^

Butwhatifthepassionthat'sabsorbingyourchildisnottheoneyouwouldhavepickedforthem?"Parents

havetorealizethattheirchildrenareseparatehumanbeingswithinterests,likes,anddislikeshatcanbevery

differentfromtheirown,“saysNewman."Youhavetoletyourteentaketheleadinwhatintereststhem.”

Nowaparenthimself,Svensonconcurs."Neverloweryourkids5interests.Kidsaresmart,andtheyhavea

greatabilitytoformtheirownopinion.,,

4.WhydidSvensonstoreinsectsinthefridgeofhishome?

A.Tocookthem.B.Tostudythem.

C.Tofollowanexpert'sadvice.D.Toplayajokeonhisparents.

5.WhatdoesSvensonthinkofhisparents?

A.Theyareonhisside.

B.Theyaresingle-minded.

C.Theyshouldnotchangehislife.

D.Theyshouldnotworryabouthim.

6.WhatadvicemightNewmangiveparents?

A.Tolettheirkidsfindtheirowninterest.

BTodevelopthesameinterestastheirkids.

C.Topickalong-terminterestfortheirkids.

D.Tohelptheirkidsstickwiththeirinterest.

7.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“concurs“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Feelssurprised.B.Refusesallhelp.

C.Makespromises.D.Expressesagreement.

C

Backinancienttimes,philosopherslikeAristotlewerealreadyspeculatingabouttheoriginsoftaste,andhow

thetonguesensedelementaltasteslikesweet,bitter,saltyandsour."Whatwediscoveredjustafewyearsagois

thatthereareregionsofthebrain-regionsofthecortex-whereparticularfieldsofneuronsrepresentthesedifferent

tastesagain,sothere'sasweetfield,abitterfield,asaltyfield,etcetera."NickRyba,asensoryneuroscientist（感官

神经科学家）attheNationalInstitutesofHealth.

Rybaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatyoucanactuallytastewithoutatongueatall,simplybystimulatingthe

“taste“partofthebrain-theinsularcortex.Theyrantheexperimentinmicewithaspecialsortofbrainimplant-a

fiber-opticcablethatturnsneuronsonwithapulseoflaserlight.Andbyswitchingonthe“bitter“sensingpartof

thebrain,theywereabletomakemicepuckerup,asiftheyweretastingsomethingbitter-eventhoughabsolutely

nothingbitterwastouchingthetonguesofthemice.

Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersfedthemiceabitterflavoringontheirtongues-butthenmadeitmore

palatablebyswitchingonthe“sweet“zoneofthebrain."Whatweweredoingherewasaddingthesweetness,but

onlyaddingitinthebrain,notinwhatweweregivingtothemouse.^^Thinkaddingsugartoyourcoffee-butdoing

itonlyinyourmind.ThefindingsappearinthejournalNature.

Rybasaysthestudysuggeststhatalotofourbasicjudgmentsabouttaste-sweetmeansgood,bittermeans

bad-areactuallyhard-wiredatthelevelofthebrain.Asforthatvirtual-sugar-in-your-coffeeidea?”thinkit's

basicallysciencefictiontothinkthatthiswouldbesomethingthatwouldbeappliedtohumans.^Buttoday's

sciencefictionmightbetomorrow'sartificialsweetener.

8.TheauthorreferredtoAristotleinthefirstparagraphto.

A.explainthequestionwithphilosophicalideas.

B.pointoutthemistakesoftheancientphilosophers.

C.indicatethedifferencebetweenphilosophyandscience.

D.showpeoplewereconcernedaboutthisproblemlongago.

9.Whatcanwesayabouttheinsularcortex?

A.Itreactsthesametoallthetastes.

B.Itplaysalargeroleincognitionandconsciousness.

C.Itcanbeimplantedinanotherperson'sbrain.

D.Itcan'tpairappropriateemotionswithoutsideevents.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthetext?

A.Ourbasicjudgmentsabouttastemaydifferintime.

B.Today'ssciencefictionmightgotofuture'skitchen.

C.Artificialsweetenerswillchangeourbrainstructureoneday.

D.Thevirtual-sugar-in-your-coffeeideamaycometrueinthefuture.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Whohasdamagedourtaste?

B.Thebrainalonemaybeabletosensethetaste.

C.Changeyourtongueandtastethedeliciousfood.

D.Thesweetspot:disappearingtastecenterofhumanbrain

D

Theargumentthathuman-causedcarbonemissionsaremerelyadropinthebucketcomparedtogreenhouse

gasesgeneratedbyvolcanoeshasbeenmakingitswayaroundtherumormillforyears.Andwhileitseemstobe

reasonable,thesciencejustdoesn'tbackitup.

AccordingtotheUSGeologicalSurvey(USGS),theworld'svolcanoes,bothonlandandundersea,generate

about200milliontonsofcarbondioxideannually,whileourautomotiveandindustrialactivitiescausesome24

billiontonsofCO2emissionseveryyearworldwide.Despitetheargumentstothecontrary,thefactsspeakfor

themselves:Greenhousegasemissionsfromvolcanoescomposelessthanonepercentofthosegeneratedbytoday's

humanactivities.

AnotherindicationthathumanemissionssurpassthoseofvolcanoesisthefactthatatmosphericCO2levels,as

measuredbysamplingstationsaroundtheworld,havegoneupconsistentlyyearafteryearregardlessofwhetheror

nottherehavebeenmajorvolcaniceruptionsinspecificyears.€4Ifitweretruethatindividualvolcaniceruptions

dominatedhumanemissionsandwerecausingtheriseincarbondioxideconcentrations,thenthesecarbondioxide

recordswouldbefullofspikes-oneforeacheruption,"saysCobyBeck,ajournalistwritingforonline

environmentalnews.''Instead,suchrecordsshowasmoothandregulartrend.”

Furthermore,somescientistsbelievethatvolcaniceruptions,likethatofMt.St.Helensin1980andMt.

Pinatuboin1991,actuallyleadtoshort-termglobalcooling,notwarming,assulfurdioxide(SO2),ashandother

particlesintheairandstratospherereflectsomesolarenergyinsteadoflettingitintoEarth'satmosphere.

Scientiststrackingtheeffectsofthemajor1991eruptionofthePhilippines'Mt.Pinatubofoundthatthe

overalleffectoftheblastwastocoolthesurfaceoftheEarthgloballybysome0.5degreesCelsiusayearlater.

Inaninterestingtwistontheissue,volcanicactivitymaybecontributingtothemeltingoficecapsin

Antarcticabutnotbecauseofanyemissions,naturalorman-made.Instead,scientistsHughCorrandDavid

VaughanoftheBritishAntarcticSurveybelievethatvolcanoesunderneathAntarcticamaybemeltingthe

continent'sicesheetsfrombelow,justaswarmingairtemperaturesfromhuman-inducedemissionserodethem

fromabove.

12.AccordingtoParagraph1,somepeoplearguethat.

A.theiropinionissupportedbyscience

B.volcanoesgeneratemostofthegreenhousegases

C.humanactivitiesaretoblameforgreenhousegases

D.carbonemissionsproducedbyvolcanoesareincreasing

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spikes“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Suddenincreases.B.Smoothtrends.C.Stableregularities.D.Sharpdeclines.

14.Accordingtothispassage,whatdothescientistsbelieveaboutvolcaniceruptions?

A.Theybroughtaboutglobalwarming.

B.TheyactuallypartlycooledthesurfaceoftheEarth.

C.TheymeltedtheicesheetsinAntarcticfromabove.

D.Theydominatedhumanemissionsingreenhouseeffect.

15.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A.comparetheresultsofthestudies

B.contradictaviewheldbysomepeople

C.presentnewfindingsforgreenhousephenomenon

D.reporttheeffectsofCO2ingreenhousephenomenon

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphas

manybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,improvesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlives

suchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleave

uswithoutafriend16Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Belowaresome

helpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.

1.Associatewithothers.

Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnew

people.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.

2.Startaconversation

Startingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.17Youcanalways

starttheconversation.Beingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.

3.18

Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalways

bringyouandyourfriendtogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.

4.Letitgrow.

Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsas

thiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.19.Thebestfriendshipsarethe

onesthatgrownaturally.

5.Enjoyyourfriendship

Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.20.Trynottochange

themfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobeto

you.

A.Becheerful.

B.Dothingstogether.

C.Donotwaittobespokento.

D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.

E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.

F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.

G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Sincethefirstdayofpreschool,Iwasalwaysthetypetoinvestmoretimeinmyphysicalwarthansocial

activities,thetypethat21thegirlswhocouldgetupinfrontoftheclassand22givea

presentation.Anythingintheareaofbeingvocallyconfidentwasnevermy23.ButnowI'mdifferent.

Suchachange24mysummerjob.

MyentireexistencehasbeendefinedbythesummersI'vespentinAvalon,NewJersey.Then,inmy14th

summer,Igotajob,whichmadea25tome.

Atfirstitfrightenedme:Theideaofhavingto26myfreedom.Notonlywasthelossoffreedom

saddeningme,butthe27inmecameouttoplaywhenIrealizedthatIwasgoingtolaunchmyselfintoa

completely28environment.

TheplacewasBrian'sWaffleHouse.AtthebeginningIwasverynervous,29Igraduallypushed

myselfmuchmoreandboostedmyconfidence.I'vemadesomanygreatfriendsthatI'll30contact

withevenwhentheWaffleHouseislonggone.ThetimeintheBrian'sWaffleHouseisnotdull.Andevery

customerisavaluablepartofthe3J.

Mysummerjobhashelpedguidemeinmyownpersonalgrowth.NowI32tosinginfrontofa

largegroupofpeople.AndInevermissa33toallowmyfashionablestyletoshine.IfIhadn'twalked

intotheshop,Iwouldn'thave34thesocialskillsIhavenow.Iwillbe35Ibrthelessons

andvaluesIhavelearnedforever.

21.A.ignoredB.convincedC.enviedD.consulted

22.A.confidentlyB.definitelyC.fortunatelyD.secretly

23.A.expectationB.strengthC.excuseD.ambition

24.A.emergedfromB.departedfromC.sufferedfromD.recoveredfrom

25.A.introductionB.contributionC.discoveryD.difference

26.A.exciteB.possessC.abandonD.threaten

27.A.shynessB.delightC.curiosityD.pressure

28.A.secureB.strangeC.formalD.natural

29.A.asB.orC.butD.so

30.A.restoreB.loseC.establishD.maintain

31.A.memoryB.experienceC.incidentD.journey

32.A.dareB.failC.promiseD.demand

33.A.goalB.planC.choiceD.chance

34.A.assessedB.acquiredC.exercisedD.applied

35.A.readyB.eagerC.gratefulD.suitable

第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Doyoudreamoftravelingtheworldinsearchofadventures,deliciousfoodanddifferentcultures?

36(sad),manyambitioustravelersnevertakeaction37(travel)theworldbecausethey9re

worriedthatagapintheirresume(简历)couldaffecttheircareerswhentheyreturn.Itseemsthatpeoplewith

internationalworkexperiencearemorepopular.Well,38isthevalueofinternationalworkexperience?

Inanincreasinglyglobalizedworld,applicantswhoarecomfortableengagingwithdifferentculturesand

peoplefromdifferentbackgrounds39(favor)bymanyemployers.Navigatinganewcountry,oftenina

foreignlanguage,immersing40(you)inanewcultureandadaptingtonewcustomsshowsthatyou're

flexible,respectfulandresourceful.

Livingandworkingabroadleadstopersonalandoftenprofessional41(grow).Evenifyourwork

abroadwasin42differentfieldtoyourcuiTentcareer,itwillstillhaveaddedarangeofnewsoftand

interpersonalskillstoyourskillset.

Havinglivedand43(work)abroadalsoshowsanemployerthatyouarewillingtomoveoutofyour

comfortzone,andthatyoucanbuildanewnetwork.Aswithanyexperience,thevalueofinternationalwork

experience44(depend)onthejobyou'reapplyingfbr,somakesuretoalwaysadapthowyoudescribe

yourexperience45eachposition.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.请你为21stCentury写一篇报道，介绍你校为高三学生创立的"心灵城堡(SoulCastle)”专栏(column),

并从正面谈谈自己的感想。内容要点包括：

开设目的：缓解压力，确保健康：

专栏优势：专业指导；

专栏内容：建议，心声；

你的感想：

参考词汇：expertisen.专门知识：专门技术；专家的意见

fromapsychological/physiologicalpointofview从心理学/生理学的观点

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内