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20语法填空应对策略(无提示词)

【策略精析】

策略回顾1:如何确定填何种冠词

1.用定冠词the的常考点

(1)特指某人或某事;

(2)用在序数词或最高级前或用于only,very,same等词前;

(3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前;

(4)用在乐器名词前;

(5)和形容词、过去分词连用,表示一类人或事物。

(6)用在“逢十”的年代前,表示“在某世纪几十年代”。

2.用不定冠词a/an的常考点

(1)泛指一类人与物,表示概念“一”;

(2)在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。

3.固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前填冠词

(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中,如:atthesametime,onthecontrary,totellthetruth,inthedistance,makethe

most/bestof,onthespot等。

(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中,如:catchacold,haveafever,allofasudden,asamatteroffact,asaresult,

haveagiftfor,makealiving,have/takearest,givesbalift,haveagoodknowledgeof等。

(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb+介词+the+身体部位

(4)抽象名词具体化

抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用,常考到的有:surprise,pleasure,fort,danger,success,

failure,beauty等。

【典例分析1】(2020全国卷II)

Theplumtreesare70.firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthe

promiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

答案the[句意:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first前要加定冠词

the。]

【典例分析2】(2020浙江7月卷)

Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with64.riseofscience,changesbegan.

答案the[根据空后的riseofscience可知,此处是名词的限定性修饰,语意表示“科学的兴起”,故填定

冠词the,表示特指。]

【典例分析3】(2020浙江1月卷)

AchildbornintheUstodayhas63.veryrealisticchanceoflivingbeyond100andneedstoplan

according.

答案a[根据下文的chance可知,这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”,故填不定冠词,表示泛指。]

【典例分析4】(2019全国卷I)

Of69.nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six7O.are(be)stable,

oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

答案the[此处特指确认的19个北极熊亚种群,故用定冠词the。]

【典例分析5】(2019浙江6月卷)

Everybodywears57.samestyleofclothes.

答案the[此处特指校服的款式相同,thesame...“相同的...”。1

【典例分析6】(2019全国卷H)

Whenwegotacall68.saying(sav)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69.joke.

答案a「joke"笑话,玩笑”,是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke,故其前用a。]

策略回顾:如何确定填何种介词

1.介词多义看语境

(Din表示情况、状态,意为“处在……中”;表示手段、形式、方式,意为“以,用”;表示服饰,意为“穿

着,戴着“;表示范围、领域,意为“在……方面”。

(2)with表示状态,意为“带有,具有“;表示手段、方法,意为“以,用”;表示关系,意为“和……在一起”;

表示伴随,意为“随着”;表示原因,意为“因为,由于

(3)by用于被动语态,表示“被,由”;表示“用,靠,凭借“;表示乘用交通工具。

(4)for表示方向,意为“往,向”;表示对象,用途等,意为“为,给”;表示时间、距离、数量等,意为“计,

达”;表示原因,意为“因为,由于

(5)through表示位置,意为“穿过”;表示时间,意为“整个……”;表示手段、媒介,意为“依据,经由”。

2.依据句式和搭配填介词

⑴与动词搭配,如:remindsbofsth”提醒某人某事“;robsbofsth"抢劫某人某物“;gobackto/datefrom”追

溯至...";exchange...fbr...”交换...”

(2)与名词或代词搭配,如:byaccident“偶然”;byonesel*靠自己”

(3)与形容词搭配,如:becuriousabout”对...感到好奇”;beproudof4H........而自豪),

【典例分析1】(2020全国卷川)

Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist70.earth,MotherNature.

答案on[onearth在世上。]

【典例分析2】(2020新高考卷I)

Museumsmustpete45.people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.

答案for[根据语境可知,此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争“,pete

fbr"为……竞争”,故应用介词for。J

【典例分析3】(2020浙江7月卷)

Sometimeafter10>000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived56.

throughagriculture.

答案in[livein是固定词组,表示“在……地方生活”,故填in。]

【典例分析4】(2020浙江1月卷)

Thisagingofthepopulationisdriven59.twofactors.

答案by[空处位于表示被动的动词后,故应该填by。]

【典例分析5】(2019全国卷I)

Modernmethods63.trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-

1980s.

答案of/for[methodsof/fordoingslh做某事的方法,故填of/for。]

【典例分析6】(2018浙江6月卷)

Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum'shome

65_dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.

答案for[gotosomeplacefbrdinner”去某个地方吃饭介词for在此表示目的。]

策略回顾3:如何确定填何种代词

1.常见考法

(1)如果空格前文出现了单数名词,并且空处作主语,可根据代指的情况用he,she或者it。

(2)如果空格前文出现了单数名词,并且空处作宾语,可根据代指的情况用him,her或者it。

(3)如果空格前文出现了复数名词,并且空处作主语,填they。

(4)如果空格前文出现了复数名词,并且空处作宾语,填them。

2.it的用法

(1)指代天气、时间、距离等。

(2)代替上文提到过的事物。

(3)代替性别不明的婴儿、动物或不确定的某个人。

(4)代替不定式、动名词或从句形式主语或形式宾语。

(5)it的常用固定句型

Itis/was+被强调成分+that+其他

It+be+adj.+of/forsbtodosth

Itisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth

Itisapity/afact/nowonder/。好.+that...

Itseems/appears/turnsout/occurstosb+that...

Itissaid/reported/be1ieved...+that...

Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth

主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep...+it+补语+todosth/that...

主语+like/hate/love/appreciate...+it+从句

【典例分析1】(2018浙江6月卷)

Manywesterners57.whoetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap

58.canbetoeatout.

答案it[考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是toeatout。]

【典例分析2】(2017全国卷H)

However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewere

using67.everyday.

答案it[指代前句中的therailway,故填it。]

策略回顾4:如何确定填连词或引导词

1.关系分析法

分析设空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系,确定用哪个连词。

(1)表示并列或递进关系的有:and,both...and...,notonly...but(also)...等。

(2)表示选择关系的有:or,either...or...,not...but…等。

(3)表示转折或对比关系的有:but,while等。

(4)表示因果关系的有:so,for等。

IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,but1didn'twanttospendalldaywithher.

很高兴又见到詹妮了,但是我不想花一整天的时间和她在一起。

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.

昨晚一定下雨了,因为到处都这么湿。

2.句型法

⑴祈使句+and/or+陈述句

'beabouttodo...when...

bedoing...when...

beonthepointofdoing...when...

hadjustdone...when...

Pleasesenduspostcardsandwe'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.

请给我们寄些明信片,我们好知道你到过哪里。

Wewerehavingaheateddiscussionwhentherewasafailurepower.

我们正在热烈地讨论,突然停电了。

【典例分析1】(2020新高考卷I)

Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37.untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoa

museum.

答案or[句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里,直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世,然后这些藏品被捐给一

家博物馆。根据语境可知,前后陈述的是两种可能性,应使用连词or“或者”。故填or。J

【典例分析2】(2020浙江1月卷)

It,salsothattheyareonaveragehealthier65.moreproductiveforlonger.

答案and[结合句意可知,healthier和moreproductive构成并列关系,故填and。]

【典例分析3】(2019全国卷H)

IworknotbecauseIhaveto.67.becauseIwantto.

答案but[not...but…“不是……而是……”。句意:我工作不是因为我必须工作,而是因为我想工作。]

3.定语从句:确定关系词

设空处无提示词,而设空前的主句完整:设空后的句子不完整,且对设空前的某一名词或代词起限定

作用,就要考虑填定语从句关系词。

(1)分清限制与非限制

在先行词的后面出现逗号的,是非限制性定语从句。

①that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

②which引导非限制性定语从句可代表主句的全部或部分内容,which意为“这一点”。

③as引导非限制性定语从句,可置句中或句首,意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是beseen,beknown,be

reported,bementioned,besaid,beoftenthecase等。

Thelittleproblemsthat/whichwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.

我们在日常生活中遇到的问题有可能是伟大发明的灵感。

Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.

这个男孩离家出走一周了,这令他的父母很担心。

Justasthesayinggoes,“Onetreedoesn'tmakeafbrest.”

正如谚语所说:“独木不成林

(2)寻找先行词,判断属性(指人还是指物,表时间,地点,还是原因)

①先行词指人:that/who/whom/whose;

②先行词指物:that/which/whose等;

③表时间/地点/原因:when/where/whyo

Theannualcampusbookfairaimstoprovideaplatformwherestudentscanhaveachancetoexchangeandmake

useoftheirbooks.

一年一度的校园书展目的是为学生提供一个平台,使学生有机会交换和利用书籍。

(2018浙江6月卷)Manywesternerswho/thatetoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncethey

realizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.

许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭多么便宜,他们就会比在自己国家做饭少得多。

(3)判断所缺成分,确定关系词

①缺少主语:that/which/who;

②缺少动词的宾语:that/which/who/whom;

③缺少介词的宾语:whom/which;

④缺少定语:whose;

⑤缺少时间、地点或原因状语:分别用when,where,why。

Manytraditionalartsarelosingnowadays,someofwhicharebeingreplacedbymodernproducts.

目前,许多传统艺术正在丢失,其中有一些正在被现代产品所取代。

ThereasonwhyIdon'ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.

我不相信他的理由是他经常说谎。

(2018天津卷)Kate,whosesisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.

凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了,上大学时,我和她妹妹住在一个房间。

【典例分析4](2020全国卷I)

Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiomunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbit

abovethemooninaspot63.itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.

答案where[句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向

航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是aspot,关系词替代先行词在

从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。]

【典例分析5】(2020全国卷m)

InancientChinalivedanartist61.paintingswerealmostlifelike.

答案whose[句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist,且

先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。]

【典例分析6】(2020新高考卷I)

The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,38.formed(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritish

Museum39.openedin1759.

答案which/that[句意:例如,汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。

此处是限制性定语从句,先行词是theBritishMuseum,关系词在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which/that

引导。故填which/that。]

【典例分析7】(2020北京卷)

Someuniversitystudentscarriedoutacampaign4.theyspenttheirwholedaywithoutcellphone.

答案where[分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词为campaign,空格处在从句中作地点状

语,故填where。]

[典例分析8](2019全国卷II)

NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,62.sheopened

withherlatehusbandLes.

答案which[分析句子结构可知,逗号后是非限制性定语从句,thepetshop是先行词,定语从句中缺少

opened的宾语,故用which。]

【典例分析9】(2019全国卷m)

Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64.hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.

答案who/that[分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词theirmasters,且在从句中

作主语,故填关系代词who/that。]

【典例分析10](2019浙江6月卷)

Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth58.givesofflightinthedark.

答案that/which[分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句。先行词为apieceofcloth,而且空格处在从句

中作主语,所以用that或which来引导。]

[注意]

⑴不能忘记“介词+关系代词”的使用3规则

构成用法

介词提前时,指物只能用Which,指人只

介词(短语)+which/whom

能用whom

数词/形容词最高级/不定代词+of+

表示部分与整体的关系

which/whom

the+名词+of+which/whom表示所属关系,可转化为“whose+名词”

⑵注意并列句和定语从句的区别

[辨析1]

©Theyliveinasmallhouse,infrontofstandsanorangetree.

②Theyliveinasmallhouse,andinfrontofstandsanorangetree.

答案①which;②il[两句的区别是连词and,句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句,设空处为引导词表示物,

故填which;句②and连接两个并列分句,设空处指代前面分句中的asmallhouse,故填it。]

[辨析2J

@Theoldmanhasthreesons,noneofisadoctor.

②Theoldmanhasthreesons,butnoneofisadoctor.

答案①whom;②them[两句的区别是连词but,句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句,设空处为引导词表示

人,故填whom;句②but连接两个并列分句,设空处指代前面分句中的threesons,故填them。]

4.名词性从句:确定名词性从句的5方向

①Thatyoudidn'tknowtheruleswon'tbeanexcusefor

方向1:不缺任何成分,且

yourfailure.

引导词无意义,常用that

②Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedto

引导名词性从句

serveinthearmy.

方向2:不缺任何成分,且

引导词表示“是否“,常用@Heaskedherthequestionwhethertheycanbefriends.

whether引导名词性从句,②1didn'tknowwhether/ifhewouldattendtheconcert.

其中if可以用于宾语从句

©Whenyouarereading,makeanoteofwhatyouthinkisof

方向3:缺少主/宾/表语,

greatimportance.

用连接代词(which,what,

②Whenopportunityknocks,pleaseanswerthedoor.Don't

who等)

keepaskingwhoitis.

方向4:缺少状语,用连接@Ihavenoideawhenhewillebackhome.

副词(where,when,why,②Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwe

how)等feel.

方向5:it作形式主语或形©Itisannouncedintoday'snewspaperthatthepresident

式宾语的名词性从句要牢willpayavisittoChinanextweek.

记②[feelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentotheget-together.

(典例分析111(2020浙江7月卷)

Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson57.couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthe

wild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

答案what[根据语法结构可知,what引导宾语从句,作on的宾语,由于该宾语从句中缺少主语,同时

空处表示”……的事物",故填what。]

【典例分析12](2020天津卷改编)

ThestudentpletedthisexperimenttomakeetrueProfessorJosephhadsaid.

答案what[句意:这个学生完成了这个实验,使约瑟夫教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导

宾语从句。]

【典例分析13](2019全国卷I)

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whilethey

arerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61.theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic>andasfarsouth

asJamesBayinCanada.

答案that[本句含有一个同位语从句,解释了名词evidence”证据”的具体内容,空处在从句中不充当成

分,也无意义,故本空填连接代词that。J

(典例分析14](2018全国卷IH)

I'mnotsure61.ismorefrightened>meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutof

nowhere.

答案who[句意:我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓,是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。

根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语,表示“谁",故填who。]

【典例分析15】(2018北京卷改编)

Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

答案what[句意:这就是父亲教我的——总是要面对困难,并且抱最大的希望。分析句子结构可知,空

处引导表语从句,并在从句中作taught的宾语,故应用what。]

(典例分析16](2017北京卷改编)

Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowingshewasheading.

答案where[句意:简在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着,不知道去往哪里。分析句子结构可知,空

处引导宾语从句,且从句中缺少地点状语,应用where引导宾语从句。]

5.状语从句:根据句意及固定句式定引导词

a.句意法确定状语从句引导词

(1)while/when/as/since引导的时间状语从句

(2)before/after引导的时间状语从句

(3)if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句

(4)though/although引导的让步状语从句

(5)when/where引导的时间、地点状语从句

Whenheknockedatthedoor,Iwasworkingatthetable.

当他敲门时,我正在桌旁工作。

Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.

许多高楼在一年前还全是废墟的地方拔地而起。

Shesaysthatshe'llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.

她说她不得不关闭此商品,除非生意得到改善。

b.固定句式法确定状语从句引导词

(1)连词before的意义及句型

Itwillbe+一段时间+before...表示“多久以后才...”

Itwon'tbe+一段时间+before…表示“用不了多久就会……”

Itwon'tbelongbeforeweknowtheresultoftheexperiment.

要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。

⑵连词since的意义及句型

Itissometime(一段时间)+since引导的时间状语从句

=Ithasbeensometime(一段时间)+since引导的时间状语从句。该固定句型意思是“自从...以来已经多长

时间了”

Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.

据报道,清华大学建校已有一百多年了。

(3)whether...or(not)...”无论...还是....”,引导让步状语从句

Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.

无论你是否相信,这都是真的。

【典例分析17](2020全国卷III)

65.heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)

artist,theysmiledand66.pointeddowntheriver.

答案When/As[When/As在句中表示“当...时”。]

【典例分析181(2019天津卷改编)

Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents,opinionhewantstheirsupport.

答案unless[句意:汤姆很独立,除非他想得到父母的支持,否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可

知,这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。J

【典例分析19】(2018北京卷改编)

wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

答案If[句意:如果我们不能阻止气候变化,世界上的许多动物和植物将会消失。故用if引导条件状语

从句。]

【典例分析20](2017北京卷改编)

Ifyoudon^understandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigure

itout.

答案until[句意:如果你不明白某件事情,你可以研究,学习,也可以与其他人谈谈,直到弄明白为止。

until“直到”,引导时间状语从句。]

【策略精讲】

1

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mostpeopledreamoflivinginabigexpensivehouse.ButTimSheajustwantedtofindaplace__1

couldbeehishome.

This70yearoldhomelessmanhadspentseveralyearslivingonthestreetsuntilhebecamethefirstresident

ofavillagefilled23Dprintedlittlehouses.

Sheawaschosentobethefirstperson3(move)intomunityFirstVillage,a51acresiteinAustin,

Texas.Thesmallhousesinthevillage,likeShea's400squarefbothome,werebuiltbytheAustinbasedstartup

panyICON.

Lifewasn'teasyforSheabefore4(live)inmunityFirstVillage.HelivedinanRV(野营车)for

mostofhislife.Thismade5(he)stayawayfrompeople.uIthinkfrommy6(person)experienceof

myformerlifestyle,Idevelopedashell,“Sheasaid."Ididn'tfeelsecure(安心的)andanytimeIhadthe

opportunity,Iwouldhide.”

Luckily,7(thing)changedwhenSheagothisnewhouse.Sincethen,hehasbeenmeetingnewpeople

andmakingfriends."NoweverythingIdo8(be)justtheopposite.Ihavemanyactivitiestodoeveryday

withothers,“Sheasaid.

Thehouses9(design)byICONhavesixdifferentlayouts(布局).Sheachoseahomewithanopen

floor.Thisway,10willbeeasierforhimtousehiswheelchair.

2

MeetAlexa,YourDigitalRoommate

WhoisAlexa?SheisadigitalassistantthatispartofthevoiceactivatedEchoDot“smartspeaker“produced

byAmazon.ThisyearSaintLouisUniversityinMissourihasplacedoneofthespeakersineverydorm

room11itscampus.Studentscanaskthevirtualassistantanythingfrom“Whenarethefootballteams

playing?^^to“What'sthesquarerootof1440?”

SLUstudentBrendanMcGuiresaid:"InsteadofsearchingontheInternetwhileI12(tap)awayatmy

puter,IcanjustaskAlexa:HeyAlexa,askSLUwhat'sthemolecular(分子的)weighlofwater?AndIcanhavethe

answerwithout13(interrupt)myprocess.^^That'sexactly14schoolofficialshadinmindwhenthey

decidedtoprovidethesmartspeakersfreeofchargeforstudents.

“Thestudentsweattract15(drive)toachievesuccessinandoutoftheclassroom,DavidHakanson,

SLU'svicepresident,said.uEveryminutewecansaveourstudentsfromhavingtosearchfortheinfoimation

onlineisanotherminute16(mit)totheireducation/

SaintLouisUniversityisthefirstintheU.S.17(include)anEchoDotsmartspeakerineverycampus

livingspace.Othercollegeshavealsofoundwaystoofferthetechnologytostudents.ThisyearNortheastern

UniversityinBostoninstalled60speakersinpublicplaces18studentscouldgetanswerstomon

questions.

AtArizonaStateUniversity,engineeringstudentslivinginthebrandnewresidencehallhavetheoptionof

addinganAmazonEchoDottotheirrooms.t4Ourfbcusisputtingthistechnologyintothehandsofourstudentsin

away19willbuildanecosystem.20supportsvoicetechnologiesthroughouttheASUcampus,“

saidHeredia,adirectoratASU.

3

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Thissummer,haveyoubeensurprisedbywomenwearinghanfu,orHanstyleclothing,atsubwaystations,

shoppingmallsorscenicareas?

In2018,theCentralmitteeofthemunistYouthLeagueofChinasetthe21(three)dayofMarchin

theChineselunarcalendar,22(traditional)thebirthdayoftheYellowEmperorastheannualTraditional

ChineseGarmentDay.Sincethen,23beautyofhanfuhasgainedmoreandmorerecognitionand

acceptancebymonpeople.

Generally,hanfurefers24traditionalChineseclothingwornbytheHanethnic(民族的)groupbefore

theQingDynasty(1644—1911).Historically,HanChineseclothinghasalsoinfluencedsomeofitsneighboring

culturalclothing,25(include)theJapanesekimono,Koreanhanbok,andclothingofMongolia,Vietnam

andBhutan.

Hanfuappearselegantandbeautiful,26isnotonlyduetothethousandsofyearsofculturebehindits

beautifuldesign,butalsobecauseofitsextraordinarycraftsmanship(工艺)3ndaesthetics(美学).Hanfuincludes

morethan3027(example)ofChina'sintangible(非物质的)culturalheritageaswellasChineseartsand

craftsunder28(preserve).

Hanfu29(represent)anaestheticforlivingandacontinuationoftraditionalChineseculture.

Nowadays,moreandmorefashiondesignslooktohanfuforinspiration30(create)theirownbrand.

4

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

31(see)fromouterspace,Earthisablueplanet,duetothefactthattheoceancoversover70percentof

itssurface.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScience,theoceanplaysagreatrolein32

(slow)downglobalwarming.Itis33importantbuffer(缓冲物)34TheNewYorkTimesputit.

Theoceanscanabsorb93percentofthehealtrappedbythegreenhousegases35humansreleaseinto

theatmosphere.Andtheother7percent36(absorb)bytheair,landandicecaps,accordingtotheGuardian.

“Iftheoceanwasn'tabsorbingasmuchheat,thesurfaceofthelandwouldheatupmuch37(fast)

thanitisrightnow,“saidprofessorMalinL.PinskyatRutgersUniversityintheUS."Infact,theoceanissaving

usfromrapidwarmingrightnow.”

However,theoceanitself,asDiscoverMagazinenoted,isheatingup40percentfasteronaveragethanthe

UnitedNations38(believe)fiveyearsago.Thatmeansiftheoceantemperaturesincrease39this

speed,thehighwatertemperatures“willkilloffmarineecosystems,raisesea40(level)andmake

hurricanesmoredestructive(破坏性的)”,theGuardianreported.

5

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since201l,thecountry41(grow)more

cornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover42past25years,whilericehas

increasedonly7percent.

Atasteformeatis43(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeed

chickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcom'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcom

insteadofrice44(improve)waterquality.Comuses45(little)waterthanriceandcreatesless

fertilizer(化月巴)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased46(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirs

andmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal47(globe)fertilizer

consumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment48

(start)asoiltestingprogram49givesspecificfertilizerremendationstofarmersand2011,fertilizeruse

droppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China's

approachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile50(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagriculture

andfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVbegele.

6

Thisbookisabout51(die),butitisnotpessimistic.Indeed,itwasapleasantsurprise52

(find)thatthisbookisfilled53joyandhope.Morrie's54(brave)towardstheendofhislifeis

inspirationalandhasmademevaluemyownlifemore.Infact,farfrombeingabookaboutdeath,it'sabook

aboutlife.55Morriesays,“Onceyoulearnhowtodie,youlearnhow56(live).^^AsMorrie

knowsthatheissoongoingtodie,heobserveseverythingasifitisnew.Thethingsaroundhimlookeven57

(beautiful)thaneverbeforeandholdnew58(mean).Fromhiswindow,hewatcheseachseasonchange,

59(know)itcouldbehislast.Thisencouragesustoappreciate60wehave,andtomakethemost

ofeachday.

7

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

Thecavedwelling(YaodonginChinese)inXi'an,ShaanxiProvince,islaidoutinrowsoneatoptheother,

lookinglikebuildingsofmultiplefloorsinthedistance.Itisasortofdistinctivecavehouse61(dig)

intothemountainsfordwellingofmanylaboringpeopleontheLoessPlateauinnorthwestChina.

Acavehouseisusuallysixmetersdeepandfourmeterswide.Stoneslabs(厚板)62(pile)uptoforma

semicircleattheentrance,63isdecoratedwithbeautifulwoodormetalwindowsina64(vary)

ofstyles.Thetypesofthecavedwellingcanbedividedintotheearthcavedwelling,brickcavedwelling65

stonedwelling.Forcenturies,theyhavebeenregarded66thesymbolofthepeasantsinnorthernpartof

ShaanxiProvince.

Thebeautyaboutthecavedwellingis67theyhelpmaintainlocalgeographyandsaveonfarmlands

by68(make)useofspacethatwouldhavebeenotherwiseleftunused.Theyarewarminwinterandcool

insummer.Thetemperatureinsideisusually13degreesCelsiushigherthanintheopeninwinterand10degrees

Celsius69(low)insummer.Statisticsshowthat40millionpeopleliveincavedwellingsthatare

scatteredoveranareaof600,000squarekilometersin70middleandupperreachesoftheYellowRiver.

8

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sixweeksbeforehis97,hbirthday,GiuseppePaternofulfilledthedreamofalifetime:He71(get)a

universitydegree.

Mr.Paterno^72(graduate)hasinspirednewsreportsaroundtheworld,partlybecause73

hisage.Buthehasalsodrawnattentionbecausehislifestoryspeaksofmitment,athemethathasresonated(产生

共鸣)asmillionsofschoolchildreninItalyandelsewherefaceextr

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