2024年英语中考复习专题介词动词（动名词不定式）

介词＆介词＆动名词&动词不定式PresentationPresentation介词表示时间的介词in,on,at的用法其他表示时间的介词表示地点和方向的介词其他常用介词介词与动词的搭配介词与形容词和名词的搭配一、表示时间的介词1. in,on,at的用法介词用法举例at+时刻或相当于时刻的词at7:30atnoonatChristmas固定搭配atoncein+年份in2017+月份inJune+季节insummer+一日的早中晚inthemorning+朝代intheTangDynasty+世纪，年代inthe21stcentury+一段时间inthreeyearson+星期onMonday+日期on1stJune,2017+一天的节日onTeachers’Day+具体一天的早中晚onthemorningof30May+其他onacoldmorning2. 其他表示时间的介词介词举例after在…之后afterschoolbefore在…之前beforeclassby到…为止bytheendoflastweekduring在…期间duringtheafternoonfor持续…时间foralongtimepast过去twentypastfourfrom…to…从…到…frommorningtoeveningsince自从since2017till/until直到…为止tilllastweekwithin在…以内withinthreedays二、表示地点和方向的介词介词意义举例above在…上方Millionsofstarsarehighaboveinthesky.across横穿goacrossthestreetalong沿着…alongtheriverbankamong在…之间amongthemountainsaround围绕…aroundhisneckat靠近atthezoobetween在…之间betweenthetwocitiesbehind在…后面behindthehousebeside在…旁边besidethetreeby靠近bythewindowdown向下rundownthehillfrom来自startfromEnglandin在…里面intheclassroominfrontof在…前面infrontofthehouseinside内部insidetheboxinto进入….gointotheroomnear在…附近neartheparkoff离开…jumpoffthetreeon在…上面onthedeskonto到…上jumpontothehorseoutof从…里到外面outofherbagoutside以外outsidethehouseover超过gooverthebridgethrough通过…walkthroughtheforestthroughout遍及throughoutthecountryto朝…turntometowards朝…towardsmeunder在…下面underthedeskup向…上climbupthetree三、其他常用介词介词意义举例by表示方式，手段，动作执行者，后跟oneself时表示“独自”byairbyphonebymyselfwith与…在一起，拥有，原因，态度withhisfamilywritewithpenwithoutwith的反义词，还可表示否定的条件withoutbreakfastwithouttheirhelpfor表示目的，原因，动作对象，交换等，for的介词短语还可作动词不定式的逻辑主语goforawalkfortworeasonsThanksfortellingme.as作为workasateacherlike像…looklikeaballexcept不包括exceptoneboybut除了…There’snothingbutacardonthedesk.about关于…talkaboutanewfilmat表示从事，方向，方面atworkpointatin表示情况，特点，方式insurpriseindangeron从事，支持，关于onshowto表示对象，导致talktosb.of表示所属，其中一部分或比较范围，构成双重所有格和构成量的修饰语。someofthemapieceofafriendofthem四、介词与动词的搭配agreewith 同意某人 keepon 继续 agreeto同意计划/建议knock…into…将…敲入 agreeon 在…取得一致 knockon/at 敲arrivein/at 到达 landon 登陆 askfor 请求得到laughat/to 嘲笑… beginwith 以…开头 learnfrom 向…学习borrow…from…向…借 leavefor 出发去 callon 拜访lend…to… 借给 catchupwith 赶上 listento 听change…into… 把…变成 liveon 靠…生活 einto 走进lookafter 照顾 eround 过来 lookat 看cover…with 用…覆盖 lookfor 寻找 cut…into… 将…切成looklike 看起来像 dieof/from 死于 lookoutof 朝外看dowellin 做得好 lookover 检查 dowith 处理lookup 查阅 dressup 装扮 makefriendswith 交朋友eatup 吃光 fallbehind 落后 moveto 搬到feellike 想要 payfor 支付 fightagainst 打仗playwith 玩耍 fillin 填入 putoff 推迟fullof 充满 goonwith 继续做 putout 熄灭goover 复习 putup 张贴 happento 发生于returnto 回到 hearfrom 收到来信 sellout 买完hearof 听说 sendfor 派人请 helpwith 帮助sendup 发射 shoutat/to 高喊 joinin 参加smileat/to 朝…微笑 speakup 谈话 turninto 将…变成stop…from 阻挡 turnoff 关 takecarefor 照顾turnon 开 turnto 翻到 thinkabout 考虑turnup 调大 thinkof 认为 wakeup 苏醒thinkover 仔细考虑 waitfor 等待 wearout 穿坏tryon 试穿 workat 从事于 tryout 尝试worryabout 担心 turndown 调小 writeto 写信给五、介词与形容词和名词的搭配1. 形容词与介词的搭配beafraidof 害怕 beknownas 被誉为 beangryabout 因…生气bepoliteto 对…有礼貌 beangrywith 对…生气 bepoorat 不擅长…bebadfor 对…有害 berichin 富含… bebusywith 忙于…beshortfor 是…的缩写 becoveredwith 被…覆盖 beshortof 短缺bedifferentfrom 与…不同 bestrictin 对某事严格 bedressedin 穿着bestrictwith 对某人严格 befamousfor 以…而闻名 besureof 确信befarfrom 远离 besurprisedat 对…感到惊奇befilledwith 被…充满 betiredof 厌倦 befriendlyto 对…友好beusedas 被当作… befullof 充满 beusedby 被使用bereadyfor 准备… beusedfor 被用作 begoodat 擅长beusedto 习惯于 begoodfor 对…有益 beweakin 在…薄弱begoodto 对…友好 beworriedabout 担心 beinterestedin 对…感兴趣bewrongwith …有毛病 bekindto…对…友善 bedifferentin 在…不同2. 介词与名词的搭配afterclass 下课后 atthebeginningof 在…开头 afterschool 放学后attheendof 在…尽头 atbreakfast 吃早饭 atthefootof 在…脚下atfirst 首先 atthemoment 此刻 athome 在家atthesametime 同时 atlast 最后 atwork在工作atnoon 在中午 bybicycle 骑自行车 atonce 立即byhand 手工的 atschool 在上学 byoneself 独自地forawhile 一会儿 inthemorning 在早上 forexample 例如intheopenair 在户外 foryears 好几年 intime 及时fromnowon 从现在起 introuble 处于困境 inahurry 匆匆地ofcourse 当然 inaminute 一会儿 onbusiness 出差inbed 在床上 onduty 值班 inEnglish 用英语onfire 失火 infact 实际上 onfoot 步行inhospital 住院 inline 排队 onshow 展出insilence 沉默地 ontheradio 通过收音机 inspace 在太空中ontime 准时 insurprise 惊奇地 intheend 最后withone’shelp 在…帮助下 inthemiddle 在中间 withoutone’shelp 没有…帮助PresentationPresentation动名词动名词的用法可以接动名词的动词或词组动名词的用法用法举例作主语FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.作宾语Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?Sheisafraidofwalkingaloneatmidnight.作表语Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.可以接动名词的动词或词组动词后加动名词作宾语admit 承认 plete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 prevent 阻止 finish 完成 imagine 想象mind 介意 miss 想念 practise 训练 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险suggest 建议 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 keep 继续下面这些词组后也接动名词prefer…to beusedto leadto devoteoneselfto bebusylookforwardto nogood nouse It’sworth aswellascan’thelp It’snouse betiredof befondof beafraidofbeproudof thinkof keepon insiston besuccessfulinbegoodat giveup burstout prevent…from..PresentationPresentation动词不定式动词不定式的用法动词不定式与疑问句连用一、动词不定式的用法用法举例作主语Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把不定式放在后面，因此上面的句子改为：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.作表语Hishopeistosucceed.Hiswishistobeadriver.作宾语Learntowalkbeforeyourun.TheybegantolearnEnglishlastterm.作宾补SheaskedustospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.Weoftenseethem(to省略)playgamesunderthetrees.作定语Haveyouanythingtosay?Wouldpleasegivemesomethingtoeat?作状语Hehasgonetogetsomefruit.Mylittlebrotheristooyoungtogotoschool.二、动词不定式与疑问词连用用法举例作主语Wheretoholdthemeetingisstillunknown.Whentostartisnotdecidedyet.作表语Thequestioniswhentostart.Whathewantstoknowiswheretogetthiskindofstamps.作宾语Idon’tknowwheretogo.Miketaughtmehowtorunthemachine.Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)( )1. TheplanearrivedatLondonAirport______Wednesday.A.on B.at C.in D.for( )2. Whatdoyouusuallydo______Christmas? A.of B.at C.in D.for( )3. Thefirstclassbegins______8o’clock______themorning. A.at,on B.at,in C.on,in D.on,on( )4. ______thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork. A.For B.On C.Since D.At( )5. Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperience______theirclassmates. A.to B.in C.at D.with( )6. WewillbeinNanjing______Tuesday______Thursday. A.on,through B.on,to C.from,to D.on,until( )7. MrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuildings______twodays. A.before B.after C.at D.in( )8. ______theendoflastspring,WangHaijoinedthearmy______theend. A.At,at B.By,in C.In,at D.At,in( )9. Wewillhaveafootballmatch______thisSaturdayafternoon.A.on B./ C.in D.for( )10. Hecametoseeyou______theeveningofMay10. A.in B.at C.on D.for( )11. I’mafraidIgaveyoualotoftrouble______mystayhere. A.in B.for C.during D.on( )12. Thesinginggroupwillhavetwoperformances______October. A.after B.since C./ D.for( )13. Thesupermarketisopen______midnight. A.at B.on C.until D.in( )14. Shedidn’tgotowork______thatmorning.Sheslept______noon. A./,until B.on,until C.at,at D./,at( )15. Hewasill______aweek,and______theweekheatealmostnothing. A,for,at B.for,during C.during,during D.for,for( )16. Childrengetpresents______Christmasand______theirbirthday.Grannyisingfor lunch_____ChristmasDay. A,at,on,on B.on,on,on C.at,in,at D.in,on,in( )17. ______NewYear’sEvepeopleusuallydon’tgotobeduntilmidnight. A,At B.On C.For D.In( )18. TomandPaulusuallywatchTV______weekends. A,at B.in C.for D./( )19. Wehadbuiltthreebridgesovertheriver______theendof2016. A,at B.on C.for D.by( )20. Doyouoftenworklate______night? A,at B.in C.for D.duringpletethesentenceswithproperprepositions.(用括号中所给单词的适当介词)Goalongthestreet,andyou’llseethehospital______theendoftheroad._____whichfloordoeshelive?Sorry,Idon’tknow.Phonemeassoonasyouarrive______Beijing.eandsit______meunderthetree.It’scoolhere._____theboxthereisnothingbutapieceofpaper.Theteacherisstandingintheclassroomwithsomepupils_____her.Someboysareplayingfootballintheplayground.______them,theboyinwhiteisthebestplayer.Aplaneisflying_____thelakeandashipisgoing_____thebridge.Don’tsit_____theTVset.Itwillbeharmfultoyoureyes.Thetwogirls_____theblackboardaretwins.Theyarestanding______theblackboardandtheteacher’sdesk.Don’twalk______theforestsalone,it’sverydangerous.Lookcarefullybeforeyougo_____thestreet.Icecanbeturned_____waterinawarmplace.Therearealotofstarsintheclearsky______us.Theysawathiefclimb_____theshopwithanemptybagatnight.Thedoghasjustswum_____theriver,soitiswetallthrough.Thedogisrunning______thehouse.Perhapsthedoorisshut.ThosetouristswillleaveNanjing_____Nanchangtomorrow.Let’stakeawalk_____theriverafterdinner.Heisrunning_____usandshoutingloudly,“Apurse,apurse!”Thereisabridge______theriver.Thebusisrunning______thespeedof45kilometresperhour.Ourschoolisn’tfarfrommyhomesoIgotoschool______footeveryday.Youcan’tmakenicecakes______thisway.What’swrong______themachine?Itdoesn’twork.Thehungryboyaskedhismum______somebreadafterschool.Heraisedhisarmtoprotecthishead______theblow.Theboyprefersfootball______basketball.Theboythoughtthemedicinetastednice______orangejuice.______histeacher’shelp,Mikehasworkedouttheproblem.Newspapersaremade______paperandpaperismade______wood.Ilikeallthestamps______thatsmallone.Johnhasbeenillforaweek.Nowhe’sstill______hospital.______mystayinBeijing,Imetalotofoldfriends.Hehasshowedus______hisschool.Hisisbiggerthanours.Weoftengoout______anoutingonSundayifitdoesn’train.WhenIseethepicture,Ithink______thelifeinBeijing.Listen.Whoisknocking______thedoor?MrWangistheteacher______chargeofClass9.Idon’tlikedogs.Iamafraid______them.Ittakesmorethanthreedaystogo______theEarth______theMoon______spaceship.Thankyou______youring.Hespentalongtime______theMathsproblemMrLiisgoingtohelphim______hisChinesethisafternoon.Howmuchdidyoupay______thisbook?Thepriceoftheputerhasreduced______5%.Pleasefillthebottle______tea.Themachinescutbigpiecesofmetal______smallpieces.Billyworkshardatschoolandhisteachersoftenpraisehim______hishardwork.IgotangryandIthrewastone______him.Youcanborrowthebook______yourschoollibrary.Wouldyoupleaseshowme______ourfactory?Don’tcatchme______thearm.Ihavenothingtodo______thematter.Helpyourself______somefish.Ittastesverynice.Billmustdeliverthenewspaper______people’shouses______allkindsofweather.Letmeintroduceher______you.Lindafell______herbicyclethismorning.Tomhasmadefriends______manyChinesestudentssincehecamethreeyearsago.Afterschool,Ioftenlearnsinginganddancing______hobbies.Tonyfellillthismorning,soheasked______leave.Iamnotquitesatisfied______whatyouhavedoneatschoolrecently.Shanghaiisfamous______itsnightviews.Itisalsoknown______theShoppingParadise.Myhusbandisresponsible______sales,andhehasalreadybeensuccessful______signingseveralcontracts.Ourclassismadeup______18girlsand24boys.Kenismygoodfriend.Heisgood______drawingandheisalwaysfriendly______others.Howwillyougetthere,______seaor______air?Ihaven’theard______Janeforalongtime.Iamworried______herverymuch.Sheisunaware______being______danger.______thehelpoftheteacher,Tomhasmaderapidprogress______hisstudies.Thegirlwastired_____havingthesamefoodeveryday.Thereisnothingtobeafraid______.Theyweresurprise______yourdoingthat.Iamfond______musicwhilemyyoungersisteriskeen______finearts.Look.Thehouseis______fire.Afriend______needisafriendindeed.______hersurprise,shefoundherself______hospital.Chinaisagreatcountry______alonghistory.Drinkingaglassofyogurteverydayisgood______yourhealth.Doyoulive______thecentreofthecityor______thesuburbs?Thebosscameintothecoffee______silencesothatnoonenoticedhimatall.Who’s______dutytoday,LiMingorZhuHong?Althoughthemanwasseriouslyinjured,theambulancearrived______timeandtookhimimmediatelytothehospital.Remember:youshouldarrive______timetomorrow.______thebeginningoftheterm,MrLiwasillandMrsWangtookhisclass.Yearsago,manyyoungpeopleleanedEnglish______theradio.WhydoJaneandAliceoftenwearskirtssimilar______eachother?Iamverysorry______botheringyouforsuchalongtime.Areyouinghere______businessor______apersonaltrip?IlivequiteclosetoschoolsoIgotoschool______footnearlyeveryday.Theoldmanlived______himselfbutheneverfeltlonely.Ihaven’tseenSimonforalongtime.______fact,wehadabigargumentseveralmonthsago.Thehalliscrowded______morethantwothousandstudentsfromdifferentschools.Thegirl______blondhairisfromGermany.Theworkissodifficultthatwecannotfindit______ourown.Let’sgotothemuseum.Manyancientthingsare______displayinit.Danielis______abadmoodanddoesn’twanttotalktoanyone.WelikeourEnglishteacherbecausesheisalwaysverykind______us.______theendofterm,wewillhaveagreatpartytocelebrateourgraduation.ThebikewhichIhaveownedforalmost10yearswasmade______Shanghai.Itisstill______verygoodcondition.Theshoesaremade______leatherandtheyarequitesuitable______walkingforalongtime.I. Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)( )1. Lilylikes______theclothesoflightcolour.★A.toputon B.putting C.todress D.wearing( )2. WhenIamtired,Ienjoy______music. A.listening B.listeningto C.tohear D.hearingthe( )3. IheardMother______withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight. A,talk B.talking C.totalk D.istalking( )4. TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom______theearthaway. A.blow B.toblow C.blowing D.blew( )5. ______isbadforourhealth. A.Doingeyeexercises B.Gotobedearly C.Eatingtoomuch D.Takingawalkafterdinner( )6. Wendyisgoodat______English. A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.spoke( )7. Mostofthechildrenenjoy______putergames. A.play B.playing C.played D.toplay( )8. Sheshoulddoherhomeworknow.Butshedoesn’tfeellike______it. A.does B.do C.doing D.todo( )9. Thoughhehadoftenmadehissister______,todayhewasmade______byhissister. A.cry,crying B.crying,crying C.cry,tocry D.tocry,cry( )10. Whatafineday!Howabout______outforawalk? A.go B.togo C.gone D.going( )11. Marywent______aftershefinished______herwork. A.swim,doing B.toswim,todo C.toswim,doing D.swimming,todo( )12. Wouldyoumind______thewindow,please?It’scoldoutside. A.toclose B.closing C.closed D.close( )13. Afridgeisusedfor______vegetablesandotherfoodcoolandfresh. A.kept B.keeping C.tokeep D.keeps( )14. Thefarmersonthefarmarebusy______applesonthetrees. A.picking B.topick C.pick D.picked( )15. OnedaywhenEdisonwasfiveyearsold,hisfathersawhim______onsomeeggs. A.sat B.tosit C.sitting D.wassitting( )16. Whenclassbegan,westopped______totheteachercarefully. A.listening B.listen C.listens D.tolisten( )17. Therearesomanykindsofradiosintheshop.Ican’tdecide______. A.tobuywhat B.tobuywhichC.whattobuy D.whichtobuy( )18. DoyouoftenhearJohn______inhisroom? Yes,Ido.Listen.Nowwecanhearhim______inhisroom. A.sing,tosing B.singing,singing C.sing,singing D.tosing,singing( )19. Iusuallyforget______thedoor,butIremembered______itwhenIleftyesterday. A.closing,closing B.toclose,toclose C.closing,toclose D.toclose,closing( )20. OnJune1,boysandgirlsarebusy______. A.tocelebrateChildren’sDay B.tocelebrateChildrens’Day C.celebratingChildren’sDay D.celebratingChildrens’DayII. pletethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词)Hisbrothertoldmeheenjoyed______footballverymuch.(play)Stop______,youwillhearsomethingstrange.(talk)Theprofessorhadastrangewayof______hislessonslivelyandinteresting.(make)Sheoftendoes______intheevening.(shop)IsawMary______withhersisterunderthetree.(play)Mostofthestudentsarebusy______theirhomework.(do)I. Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)( )1. Ihavealotofthings______thisweekend. A.do B.did C.doing D.todo( )2. You’dbetter______upstairsandtellthechildren______makesomuchnoise. A.go,notto B.go,don’t C.togo,notto D.togo,don’t( )3. It’stoolate.Why______now? A.nottogo B.notgoing C.notgo D.don’tgo( )4. Lindawasverysorryforbeinglate.Buttheteacher’ssmilemadeher______better. A.feel B.tofeel C.fall D.tofall( )5.