外文翻译-基于tms320f2812dsp的有死区时间补偿的svpwm调速永磁同步电动机

Dead-timeCompensationofSVPWMBasedonDSPTMS320F2812forPMSMSongXuelei*,WenXuhui,GuoXinhua,andZhaoFengInstituteofElectricalEngineering,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,P.R.ChinaE-mail:songxl@Abstract—Thedead-timeeffectinathree-phasevoltagesourceinvertercanresultinvoltagelosses,currentwaveformdistortionandtorquepulsation.Inordertoimprovethecurrentwaveformanddecreasethetorquepulsation,thispaperproposesadead-timecompensationmethodofSVPWM.Thismethoddividestheiα-iβplaneintosixsectorsandcompensatesthedead-timeofSVPWMaccordingtothesectornumberofstatorcurrentvectordeterminedbytheα-andβ-axiscomponentsofthestatorcurrentvectorinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframe.Inaddition,thismethodcanbeimplementedentirelythroughsoftwarewithoutanyextrahardware.FinallyexperimentsbasedonDSPTMS320F2812areestablishedandmade,andtheexperimentresultsindicatethattheproposedmethodiscorrectandfeasible.IndexTerms--dead-timecompensation,SVPWM,PMSM,TMS320F2812I.INTRODUCTIONBecausethepermanentmagnetsynchronousmachine(PMSM)hasalotofadvantagessuchashighpowerdensity,highefficiency,hightorquetoinertiaratio,highreliability,etal[1],therefore,thePMSMdrivingsystemhavebeenwidelyusedinmanyapplicationfields,especiallyinhybridelectricvehicles(HEV)inrecentyears[2]-[6].InthePMSMdrivingsystem,thethree-phasevoltagesourceinverterisusuallyadoptedandtheIGBTandMOSFETarealsousedbecauseoftheirfastswitchingfrequency.Forthethree-phasevoltagesourceinverter,inordertoavoidtheshortcircuitofthedclinkoccurringwhenthetwoswitchdevicesofthesamephaseareturnedonsimultaneously,thedead-timeisusuallyinsertedinthegatedrivingswitchsignals.Duringthedurationofthedead-time,bothofthetwoswitchdeviceofthesamephaseareturnedoff.Theexistingofthedead-timewillleadtoaseriesofdead-timeeffectproblemssuchasvoltagelosses,currentwaveformdistortionandtorquepulsation,especiallyundertheconditionofsmallcurrentorlowspeed.SVPWM(SpaceVectorPulseWidthModulation)isapopularmodulationmethodforthree-phasevoltagesourceinverterinmotordrivingsystem.Inordertoimprovethecurrentwaveformofmotorsanddecreasethetorquepulsationofmotors,severaldead-timecompensationmethodsofSVPWMhavebeenresearchedandusedinthemotordrivingsystem[7]-[11].Mostofthecompensationmethodsarebasedonthetheoryofaveragevoltagedeviation.Inthispaper,anoveldead-timecompensationmethodofSVPWM,whichisalsobasedonthetheoryofaveragevoltagedeviation,isproposed.Thismethoddividestheiα-iβplaneintosixsectorsandcompensatesthedeadtimeofSVPWMaccordingtothestatorcurrentvectorangleφdeterminedbytheα-andβ-axiscomponentsofthestatorcurrentvectorintheα-βreferenceframe.Inaddition,thismethodcanbeimplementedentirelythroughsoftwarewithoutanyextrahardwaredesign.FinallyexperimentsaremadeonthePMSMdrivingplatformbasedonDSPTMS320F2812totestandverifytheproposedcompensationmethod.II.DEAD-TIMECOMPENSATIONMETHODFig.1showsthetopologydiagramofthePMSMdrivingsystemwhoseinvertunitadoptsthethree-phasevoltagesourceinverter.InFig.1,Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5andQ6aresixIGBTsofthethree-phasevoltagesourceinverter,andD1,D2,D3,D4,D5andD6aretheirreverseparalleldiodesrespectively.Inaddition,thedrivingswitchsignalsg1,g2,g3,g4,g5andg6areprovidedbythecontrolunitofthedrivingsystem.Definethephasecurrentsia,ibandicarepositivewhentheyflowfromtheinvertertoPMSM,andnegativewhentheyflowfromPMSMtotheinverter.ThereareeightswitchcombinationstatesforthesixIGBTsinthethreephasevoltagesourceinverter,andduringthedurationofdead-time,therearecorrespondinglysixcurrentcombinationstatesforthree-phasecurrentsia,ibandicaccordingtotheirpolarity:(1)ia>0,ib<0andic<0;(2)ia>0,ib>0andic<0;(3)ia<0,ib>0andic<0;(4)ia<0,ib>0andic>0;(5)ia<0,ib<0andic>0;(6)ia>0,ib<0andic>0.Itisveryimportantanddifficulttodetectthezerocrosspointorthepolarityofeachphasecurrent.Traditionally,ifthezero-crosspointisdetectdirectlythroughA/DconverterofDSPorMCU,biggermeasurementdeviationwillbeledespeciallyundertheconditionofsmallcurrent,whichwillresultinbiggerdead-timecompensationdeviationandalsoaffecttheresultofdead-timecompensation.Therefore,thispaperadoptsanindirectlymethodtodetectthezero-crosspointofphasecurrent,whichisbasedonthecurrentvectorangleφinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframe.Forconvenientanalysisandillustration,placethethree-phasecurrentsia,ib,icinthethree-phasestaticreferenceframeandthetwocurrentcomponentsiα,iβofthecurrentvectorinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframeintothesamefigure,whichisshowninFig.2.Accordingtothepolarityofthree-phasecurrentsia,ib,ic,theiα-iβplaneinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframecanbedividedintosixsectors:I(1),II(2),III(3),IV(4),V(5)andVI(6).Foreachsectorintheiα-iβplane,thereisacorrespondingdead-timecompensationrule.Inotherwords,oncethesectorwhichthecurrentvectorbelongstoisknown,thedead-timeeffectcanbecompensatedaccordingtothecorrespondingcompensationrule.Therefore,recognizingthesectornumberofthecurrentvectoristhekeyproblem.Inthispaper,thesectornumberisdeterminedbythecurrentvectorangleφwhichcanbecalculatedthroughtheα-andβ-axiscomponentsofthestatorcurrentvector.Equation(1)showsthecalculationmethodofthecurrentvectorφ,andequation(2)showstherelationshipbetweenthesectornumberandthecurrentvectorφ.φ=kπ+arctan（iβ/iα）(k=0,1)Fig.2.CurrentPolarityandCurrentVectorAngleϕTABLEIDEAD-TIMECOMPENSATIONRULESTABLEOFSVPWM(2)Forthree-phasevoltagesourceinverter,theessenceofdead-timecompensationistocompensatingthevoltagedeviation.However,inthedigitalmotordrivingandcontrolsystem,voltageregulationisimplementedthroughpulsewidthmodulation,thatis,throughregulatingthedutycycleofvoltagepulsewhichhassomethingtodowiththepulsewidthTinonePWMperiodTpwm.Therefore,infactitisthepulsewidthTthatiscompensatedinthepracticalapplication.TABLEIshowsthedead-timecompensationrulescorrespondingwiththepolarityofthree-phasecurrentsia,ib,icandthesectornumberofthecurrentvectorintheiα-iβplane.Itcanbeseenthatfordifferentsectorsoftheiα-iβplane,thecompensationvaluesarecorrespondinglydifferent.Inoneword,theproposeddead-timecompensationmethodcanbecarriedoutthroughthefollowingsteps:(1)Calculatethecurrentvectorangleφthroughtheα-andβ-axiscomponentsofthestatorcurrentvectorinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframeaccordingtoequation(1).(2)Determinethesectornumberthroughthecurrentvectorangleφaccordingtoequation(2).(3)Executethedead-timecompensationalgorithmaccordingtothecompensationrulestableTABLEI.III.EXPERIMENTSInordertotestandverifytheproposeddead-timecompensationmethodofSVPWM,experimentsareestablishedandmade.TheexperimentsystemconsistsofPMSM,three-phasevoltagesourceinverter,controlplatform,dynamometer,heatdissipationsystem,etal.ThetypeofIGBTintheinverterisCM600DY-24AproducedbyMitsubishi.ThecontrolplatformisbasedonDSPTMS320F2812producedbyTexasInstrument.ItisaspecialmotorcontrolDSPwhichhasmanyadvantagesandcanimplementhigh-performancemotorcontrolsuchasFOC(FieldOrientedControl)andDTC(DirectTorqueControl).ThemainparametersofthecontrolobjectPMSMusedinexperimentsarelistedinTABLEII.Fordifferentpulsewidthcompensationvaluesof0.76μs,1.10μs,1.33μsand1.60μs,thedead-timecompensationexperimentsareallmade.Fig.3showstheexperimentwaveformsofthree-phasestatorcurrentsandthesectornumberofstatorcurrentvectorfordifferentpulsewidthcompensationvalues,andFig.4showsthecorrespondingfrequencyspectrums.TABLEIIMAINPARAMETERSOFPMSMUSEDINEXPERIMENTS(a)NoCompensation(b)PulseWidthCompensationValue=0.76μs(c)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.10μs(d)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.33μs(e)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.60μsFig.3.ExperimentWaveformsofThree-phaseStatorCurrentsHere,theCPUfrequencyofDSPissetat150MHz,theswitchingfrequencyofIGBTsinthree-phasevoltageinverterissetat10kHz,thedead-timeissetat3.2μsthroughthehardwareandsoftwareofDSP,themotorcontrolmethodadoptsFOCalgorithm,thedclinkvoltageissetatabout330V,andthephasecurrentiscontrolledatabout10A.(a)NoCompensation(b)PulseWidthCompensationValue=0.76μs(c)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.10μs(d)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.33μs(e)PulseWidthCompensationValue=1.60μsFig.4.FrequencySpectrumofStatorCurrent(PhaseA)ItcanbeseenfromFig.3andFig.4that,comparedwithexperimentresultsofnocompensation,throughtheproposeddead-timecompensationalgorithmthethreephasestatorcurrentwaveformsofPMSMareallimprovedeffectivelyandtheharmoniccomponentsofthree-phasestatorcurrentsarealsodecreasedeffectively.Especiallywhenthepulsewidthcompensationvalueissetatabout1.10μs,comparedwithexperimentresultsattheotherpulsewidthcompensationvaluesof0.76μ,1.33μsand1.60μs,thecompensationresultisthebestandtheharmoniccomponentsofthree-phasestatorcurrentsaretheleast.Therefore,theproposeddead-timecompensationmethodiscorrectandfeasible.IV.CONCLUSIONSTheproposeddead-timecompensationmethodcanbeimplementedeasilythroughsoftwarealgorithmwithoutanyextrahardwaredesign.Solongasthecurrentvectorangleφisdeterminedbytheα-andβ-axiscomponentsofstatorcurrentvectorinthetwo-phasestaticreferenceframe,thedead-timecompensationalgorithmcanbecarriedouteffectivelyaccordingtothecorrespondingdead-timecompensationrulestable.FinallyexperimentsareestablishedandmadeonthePMSMdrivingplatformbasedonDSPTMS320F2812andtheresultsindicatethattheproposedmethodcanimprovethecurrentdistortionanddecreasethetorquepulsationeffectively,especiallywhenthepulsewidthcompensationvalueisequaltoabout1.10μs.Therefore,theproposedmethodiscorrectandfeasible.REFERENCES[1]SongChi,ZhengZhang,LongyaXu,“ARobust,EfficiencyOptimizedFlux-WeakeningControlAlgorithmforPMSynchronousMachines”,Proceedingsofthe2007IEEEIndustryApplicationsConference,pp.1308-1314,2007.[2]ZhangQianfan,LiuXiaofei,“PermanentMagneticSynchronousMotorandDrivesAppliedonaMid-sizeHybridElectricCar”,Proceedingsofthe2008IEEEVehiclePowerandPropulsionConference,pp.1-5,2008.[3]Y.Dai,L.Song,S.Cui,“DevelopmentofPMSMDrivesforHybridElectricCarApplications”,IEEETransactionsonMagnetics,Vol.43,No.1,pp.434-437,2007.[4]RahmanM.A.,“IPMMotorDrivesforHybridElectricVehicles”,Proceedingsofthe2007InternationalAegeanconferenceonElectricalMachinesandPowerElectronics,pp.109-115,2007.[5]RahmanM.A.,“HighEfficiencyIPMMotorDrivesforHybridElectricVehicles”,Proceedingsofthe2007CanadianConferenceonElectricalandComputerEngineering,pp.252-255,2007.[6]FuZ.X.,“Real-timePredictionofTorqueAvailabilityofanIPMSyn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