Unit1-高一英语单元速记巧练（人教版2019）（原卷版）

Unit1话题节日活动词汇Congratulaterangefigurefeaturetypicalreflectfaithoccasionrepresentfancymomentrespectdecoratesignificantmarchoriginharvestgatherfadeevilbeliefmerryroastfrankregionrepresentfancybriefrespect短语dressupafteralltakeadvantageofrangefromtofadeawayinspiteofhaveinmontobefrankgooffexceptforsetofffromnearandfarbemovedbypreparefor句型asif引导含虚拟语气的方式状语从句“nomatter+特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句现在分词作前置定语because引导表语从句语法动词ing形式用作定语和表语写作anarrativeessayaboutafestivalorcelebrationexperience围绕节日的记叙文Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations考点1．dress(sb)up穿上盛装；装扮拓展经典练单句语法填空①(剑桥高阶)Hewasdressed________adarkgreysuit.②(柯林斯词典)Ijustlovethefunofdressing________inanotherera'sclothing.能力提升单句表达③(牛津高阶)他不知道如何穿着得体。Hehasnoideaof______________________．④(柯林斯词典)他竭力筹备好各项事宜，以便这次出行看上去像联合国代表团出访一样。Hetriedtoorganizethingssothatthetripswould____________________aUNmission.考点2．congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Youcancongratulate________(you)onhavingdoneanexcellentjob.②(牛津高阶)Icongratulatedthemall________theirresults.③(柯林斯词典)Isaid________(congratulate)andwalkedovertohimandshookhishand.能力提升单句表达④(柯林斯词典)俱乐部还就布朗被任命为会长一事向她表示了祝贺。Theclubalso__________________________toD.Brownonherappointmentaspresident.考点3．afterall毕竟；别忘了拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)All________allithadbeenagreatsuccess.②(牛津高阶)First________allwemustidentifytheproblemareas.能力提升单句表达③(柯林斯词典)他毕竟不能阻止世上所有的恶行。Hecouldnot,____________，stopalltheevilintheworld.④(牛津高阶)她突然意识到她从开始就错了。Itsuddenlycametoherthatshehadbeenwrong____________.考点4．rangen.一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Therewillbeanincreasein________rangeof0to3percent.②(中国日报)WangYuanyuan,thescenicarea'sbrandmanager,saidtheagesofitsvisitorsrange________20to45,andmostofthemareparentswithchildren.③(牛津高阶)Thiscaris________therangeofmostpeople'spockets;wecan'tafforditeither.能力提升单句表达④(柯林斯词典)那些薄薄的小册子描述了一系列服务和设施。Theslimbookletsdescribe________________servicesandfacilities.⑤(剑桥高阶)价格在50美元到250美元之间。Prices____________$50and$250.考点5．figuren.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定拓展经典练写出下列句中figure的含义①(牛津高阶)By2004,thisfigurehadrisento14million.________②(柯林斯词典)ErniesawthedimfigureofRoseinthechair.________③(牛津高阶)Ifigured(that)ifItookthenighttrain,IcouldbeinScotlandbymorning.________④IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.________能力提升单句表达⑤(柯林斯词典)他们用了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这台设备。Ittookthemaboutonemonthto____________________________．考点6．featurevt.以……为特色n.特色；特征；特点拓展经典练单句语法填空①(中国日报)“TheyallconstitutethediversityofarchitectureinHunan;the________(feature)differfromotherprovinces，”Tansays.②(朗文当代)ThefilmfeaturedMadonBrando________theGodfather.能力提升单句表达③(朗文当代)语言学习在英语文学课程中应当很重要。Astudyoflanguageshould____________anEnglishliteraturecourse.考点7．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的拓展经典练单句语法填空①(柯林斯词典)Theroomis________(typical)simpleandunadorned,withwhitewallsandatiledfloor.②(牛津高阶)Thispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypical________theEnglishlandscape.能力提升单句表达③(剑桥高阶)伊恩的典型做法就是把那么多钱花在设备上，然后在课程中途失去了兴趣。____________________________allthatmoneyontheequipmentandthenloseinteresthalfwaythroughthecourse.考点8．takeadvantageof利用；欺骗；占……的便宜拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)HerFrenchupbringinggiveshercertainadvantages________otherstudentsinherclass.②(剑桥高阶)Itwouldbe________youradvantagetoagreetohisdemands.能力提升单句表达③(柯林斯词典)我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们需要的物品。Iintendto____________________thistriptobuythethingsweneed.考点9．Festivalsarebeingmoreandmoremercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations．随着商业对这些庆祝活动的利用，节日变得越来越商业化。[剖析]句中的with复合结构(with＋名词＋现在分词)作状语。with复合结构可在句中表示状态或背景，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Withthehomework________(finish),theboywentouttoplay.②(牛津高阶)Don'tstand________yourhandsinyourpockets.③(2022·全国乙卷)Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdrones________(assist)thecrews'efforts.能力提升单句表达④(剑桥高阶)随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。________________，it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.⑤(牛津高阶)天气若不很冷，我总开着窗户睡觉。Isleep______________________unlessit'sreallycold.考点10．reflectvt.显示；反映；反射拓展经典练单句语法填空①(朗文当代)Hisspeechwasanaccurate________(reflect)ofthepublicmood.②(剑桥高阶)Themanagerdemandedtimetoreflect________whattodo.③(剑桥高阶)Hesawhimselfreflected________thewater.能力提升单句表达④(2021·浙江高考)她非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，秩序井然。Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewas____________________，everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.考点11．faithn.宗教信仰；信任；相信拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Theeventswere________(faith)recordedinherdiary.②(剑桥高阶)His________(faith)olddogacpaniedhimeverywherehewent.③(牛津高阶)Ihaven'tmuchfaith________thismedicine.能力提升单句表达④(剑桥高阶)她如实讲述了那晚发生的事情。She____________________whathadhappenedonthatnight.考点12．occasionn.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Itshouldhavebeenanoccasion________rejoicing,butshecouldnotfeelanyrealjoy.②(牛津高阶)Icanrememberveryfewoccasions________hehadtocancelbecauseofillhealth.③(中国日报)Thefairisanoccasion________youcanconnectwithmanypeople.能力提升单句表达④(剑桥高阶)他有时犯点小错误。Hehas,____________，madeasmallmistake.⑤(牛津高阶)他在退休时获赠这块手表。Hewaspresentedwiththewatch________________hisretirement.考点13．representvt.象征；代表；相当于拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Theyrepresentedtheirconcerns________theauthorities.②(牛津高阶)Thesurveycoversa________(represent)sampleofschools.③(朗文当代)Shedecidedtorepresent________(she)duringthetrial.能力提升单句表达④(剑桥高阶)他自称是个专家，可是他一窍不通。He____________________________，butheknowsnothing.考点14．fancyadj.花哨的；精致的；昂贵的vt.想要；倾慕；自以为是拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Sheratherfanciesherself________asinger.②(剑桥高阶)Ididn'tfancy________(swim)inthatwater.能力提升单句表达③(剑桥高阶)我想要一件简洁的黑色礼服，不要花哨的东西。Iwantedasimpleblackdress,____________．考点15．Aftersingingsomesongs,thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasiftheywereeagles.在唱了几首歌之后，参赛者们在绿色草地上跳舞，像老鹰一样在空中挥舞着双臂。[剖析]主句是thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield;Aftersingingsomesongs作时间状语；waving...eagles是v.­ing形式作伴随状语；其中asif引导方式状语从句。拓展经典练单句语法填空①(牛津高阶)Ifeltasifmyheart________(stop).②(牛津高阶)Itsoundsasthoughyou________(have)agoodtime.③(牛津高阶)Atonestageitlookedasthoughthey________(win).能力提升单句表达④(剑桥高阶)我觉得好像已经晒了好几个小时的太阳。Ifelt________________________inthesunforhours.考点16．momentn.片刻；瞬间拓展经典练单句语法填空①(朗文当代)I'llebacktothepoint________amoment.②(牛津高阶)We'rehappylivinginaflat________themomentbutwemaywanttomovetoahousesoon.能力提升单句表达③(牛津高阶)也许你没注意到，可我此刻忙得不可开交。Itmighthaveescapedyournotice,but________________________.④(朗文当代)他说他一到家就给你打。Hesaidhe'dphoneyou________________________________．考点17．respectn．&vt.尊敬；尊重拓展经典练单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,________(respect)Flora'sspace.②(朗文当代)Oldpeopledeservetobetreated________respect.③(牛津高阶)Shehasahealthyrespect________herrival'stalents.能力提升单句表达④(中国日报)为全面建成小康社会，2015年，中央加大了全国脱贫攻坚力度。Tobuildamoderatelyprosperoussociety____________，thecentralgovernmentsteppedupitsnationwidecampaigntoeliminatepovertyin2015.⑤(剑桥高阶)新教师必须要赢得学生的尊重。Newteachershaveto____________________theirstudents.语法点：Ving做定语和表语非谓语：1.todo(表目的和将来）doing(ving)(表主动和正在进行）：现在分词、动名词done（ved）(表被动和完成）动词ing形式由“动词原形+ing”构成。动词ing形式可在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，但是不能单独作谓语。动词Ving形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语以及状语。今天我们主要研讨一下其作定语和表语的用法：一、Ving形式作定语1.单个的动词Ving形式作定语，通常位于所修饰词之前。例如：boilingwater，therisingsun，thesurprisingnews，themovingblackboardWhichclassdoestheshoutingboyefrom？那个大喊大叫的男孩来自哪个班？2.由动词Ving形式构成的短语作定语，只能位于所修饰词之后。例如：WhoisthegirlfollowingourEnglishteacheralltheway？一直跟在我们英语老师身后的那个女孩是谁？Theboyhavingseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.看见事故的那个男孩说那辆车把那个人从自行车上撞落下来。现在分词作定语，相当于定语从句的省略，上述三句可补全如下：Whichclassdoestheboythatisshoutingefrom？WhoisthegirlthatfollowedourEnglishteacheralltheway？Theboywhohadseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.3.Ving形式作定语，还可表示所修饰词语的用途，可换用for表示。例如：asleepingcar=acarforsleeping卧铺车厢asleepingpill=apillforsleeping安眠药丸awalkingstick=astickforwalking拐杖aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming游泳池当然，Ving形式作定语更多的时候说明的是所修饰词的性质、特征、所处的状态等。例如：asleepingdog=adogthatissleeping正在睡觉的狗awalkingman=amanwhoiswalking正在走路的男子4.另外，Ving形式作定语时，容易和Ved分词发生错用。Ving形式有“主动”或“进行中”之意，Ved分词则表示“被动”或“已完成”。试比较如下：Sheisthestudentrepresentingherschooltoattendtheconference.（表示主动）她是代表她学校参会的那个学生。Ithinkyouhavetoagreeheisarespectedcolumnist.（表示被动）我想你得承认他是个备受尊敬的专栏作家。Youcantdrinkboilingwater.Youcandrinkboiledwater.你不能饮用滚烫的水，你可以饮用（凉）开水。（Ving形式表进行中，Ved分词表已完成）二、Ving形式作表语Ving形式作表语可分两种情况：1.相当于形容词;2.相当于名词。例如：Englishisquiteinteresting.（interesting相当于形容词）HerjobisteachingEnglish.（teachingEnglish相当于名词）第一种情况，应注意其与过去分词的区别。Ving形式表示“主动”之意，Ved分词则表示“被动”。试比较如下：Thisnewsisreallydisappointing.Wearealldisappointedatthenews.这个消息真地很令人失望。我们对这个消息都很失望。（Ving形式表主动，Ved分词表被动）第二种情况易与进行时结构相混，可从以下两个方面予以区别：1.看主语是否是Ving动词的执行者（即Ving动词的动作是否是句子主语的动作）。是则为进行时，不是则为Ving形式。例如：1）Heiscleaningthestreet.他正在打掃街道。2）Hisjobiscleaningthestreet.他的工作是打扫街道。例1中的clean是主语he的动作，为进行时。例2中的clean显然不是hisjob的动作，为Ving形式。2.看Ving动词（结构）能否与主语对换位置。能则为Ving形式，不能则为进行时。例如：3）Themostdifficultproblemisbuildingthebridgebase.最困难的问题是建造桥基。4）Theyarebuildingthebridgebase.他们正在建造桥基。例3可以调整为：“Buildingthebridgebaseisthemostdifficultproblem.”，故为Ving形式。而例4则不能（Buildingthebridgearethey.不正确），故为进行时。【跟踪练习】一、用动词Ving形式改写下列句子。1.Idon’tknowthemanwhoisnoddingtomyfather.2.Atrainwasingandtheboywhowasplayingonthetrackswastoofrightenedtomove.3.Thepatientissittingintheroomwhichfacessouth.4.Thedustmenwhoweregoingonstrikesaidtheywerebadlypaid.5.TodayatleastintheeyesofthelawblackswholiveinAmericahavetheequalrightsaswhites.6.Airwhichgivesuslifeisaroundus.7.ThewatchthatbelongstoMaryislost.8.Wecanseetheplaneistakingofffromtheairport.9.Isawhewasridinghisbikeinthestreet.10.ThecitizensinPisasawalightballandaheavyballwerefallingataboutthesamespeed.二、用所給动词的适当形式填空。1.Theteacherandstudentswereall____（please）withthe____（please）result.2.Therearetwohundredboys____（range）fromseventofourteeninage.3.Fromhersadexpression，wecanknowthattheouteisreally____（disappoint）.4.A____（fly）birdcanbeagreatdangertoanyairplane，____（cause）anaircrash.5.The____（defeat）playerreceivedan____（encourage）messagefromhiswife.6.Ourfirststepis____（divide）thehallintoseveralseparateoffices.7.Themostdifficulttaskwas____（search）forthelostchildinthevalley.8.____（boil）waterisstillveryhotwhile____（boil）watermaybecoolenoughtodrink.9.The____（march）soldierswere____（excite），____（shout）slogansalltheway.10.Thenaughtyboyisextremely____（disappoint）.Hisbehaviormadetheteacher____（annoy）again.好句鉴赏：1.这一节日于每年农历六月初四开始，持续三天。Thefestivalfallsontheforthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalender,usuallylastingforthreedays.2.我看到许多人身着华丽的蒙古袍。IsawalotofpeoplewearingfancyMongolianrobes.3.这刚与柔的展示深深地打动了我。Iwasquitemovedbytheirshowofstrengthandgrace.晚会上精彩的表演深深地打动了我。Iwasquitemovedbythewonderfulperformanceattheeveningparty.4.我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“HorsesareattheheartofMongolianculture”.我顿时明白了为什么人们说“团圆是中国人的信仰”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“ReunionisthebeliefoftheChinesepeople”.5.(那达慕大会）它主要有三大赛事：赛马，摔跤和射箭，每项运动都动人心魄。It(TheNaadamFestival)isrepresentedbythreeevents:horseracing,wrestling,andarchery,whichareallsoexcitingtowatch!元宵节(LanternFestival)主要有三项活动：赏花灯，舞狮子，猜灯谜，每项运动都十分有趣。TheLanternFestivalisrepresentedbythreeevents:watchinglanterns,performingLionDance,andguessinglanternriddles,whichareallinteresting!单词补充：节日SpringFestival春节TombsweepingFestival清明节LanternFestival元宵节DragonBoatFestival端午节MidAutumnFestival中秋节LunarNewYear’sEve除夕活动LunarNewYear'sdinner年夜饭SpringFestivalGala春晚athoroughcleaning大扫除SpringFestivalcouplets春联setofffireworks放烟花watchlanterns赏灯guesslanternriddles猜灯谜DragonBoatracing赛龙舟ricedumplings粽子mooncakes月饼haveagettogether聚会payavisittosb.拜访某人bebusydoing忙于……写作实践你校英语报Festival栏目正面向全校学生征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一次节日经历，并投稿。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯____________________________________________________________________________________________________