高三年级试题词汇拓展学案 高考英语一轮复习

2023学年第一学期十一月联考高三年级试题词汇拓展练习

第一部分词汇的检测及补充

optionalsemesterenrollment

intensiveenrollarangeof

currentaccessundertake

semestercreditinstitution

approvalconfirmmence

substitutionfeepayment

diversepetentlog

toughest____________________masterpiece____________________backup_____________________

entertainreleasetrap

motivatesponsorliterature

seekspiritualinspiration

launchedassistconventional

wisdomimpressivesubstantial

capableofinnerverbally

sentientacademicsignificant

roboticscanflee

abandonincidentalconstitute

evidencesymptomconsume

altersubstanceshint

negativepositivedemonstrate

intelligencecalculationsocialize

skillfulhesitantlycasually

eagerlydespitereveal

possessfigureoutsurround

vitalingredientexhibit

passionvividintuitive

reluctantcreativityinteractive

giantillustratecautious

pessimisticnumerousinquiry

urgesensitivejournal

absurdacplishboundary

capacityemotionanalysis

statedramaticevaluate

meltinvisiblestandard

dinesankroyal

understateanideafloodedintohishead

Hewhisperedittothekidsaroundhim__________________________________________

Inageneralroundofselfintroductions__________________________________________

Whenitesto...__________________________________________

...fearingthatif...__________________________________________

第二部分语法专项单句练习

(一)动词(谓语动词、非谓语动词)

1.Anyone(qualify)toenrollintheSummerSemester,butpleasenotesomecoursesareonlyavailableto

currentstudentswhoareenrolledinaUQdegree.

2.Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearch(back)uptheideathatbooksnotonlyentertain,butalsohelpus

recoverandgrow.

3.Theyofferpanionshiptothelonely,insighttotheanxious,andreleasetothosewhofeel(trap).

4.Bibliotherapyisanapproach(employ)booksandotherformsofliteraturetoimproveapatient'smental

health.

5.Thebumblebeesshowedasignificantchangeintheirbehaviorafter(attack)bytheroboticspider.

6.Malefruitfliesstressedby(rob)ofmatingopportunitiespreferfoodcontainingalcohol,andbeesevenshow

withdrawalsymptomswhenremovedfromanalcoholrichdiet.

7/Scientistsexhibita(heighten)levelofcuriosity/readsa2007reportonscientificcreativity.

8.Discoveringtheseabilitiesmaybehard,Allenthinks,asmanyscientistswillbereluctanttorevealthemandwouldprefer

topreservethemysteryofcreativity,(fear)thatifitbecameanobjectofstudyitwouldloseitsmagic.

9.Aslongasourbesttechnologyforseeinginsidethebrainrequiressubjectstolienearlymotionlesswhile

(surround)byagiantmagnet,we'reonlygoingtomakelittleprogressonthesequestions.

10.Schoolstransformfromaplaceforaskingquestionstoone(fund)byourabilitytoanswerthem.

ll.Whenitestohowwephrasequestions,we(advise)toopenwithlesssensitivequestions,favorfollowup

questions,andkeepquestionsopenended.

12.Wecanalsopracticeaskingquestionsofandforourselvesbykeepinga(run)listofquestionsinajournal.

13.Greatquestionscanopenupourcapacitytochangebecausetheyallowustodrawpeoplein,openingthemupto

(share)knowledge,ideas,andopinions.

14.Inshort,askingquestionsisthebestway(deepen)ourunderstandingofthethingsthatmattertoourlife.

15.Theprofessorsupplemented(补充)myselfintroduction(fit)Americanstandards,sayingIwasoneofthe

world'sexpertsonthetopic.

16.WhenIlivedinNorthCarolina,mynewfriendscameover(dine).Conversationswerefullofinterestand

energy,andtherewasalotoffun.

17.Thesealhasmanynamesinhistory.It(call)Xiyin(玺E|l)duringtheWarringStatesperiod,theQinandHan

dynasties,andtheWeiandJinperiods.

18.Universally,theMingandtheQingdynasties(acknowledge)tobethetwogoldenperiodsinthehistoryof

sealcutting.

19.ThelongperiodfromtheTangDynastytotheYuanDynastyturnedout(be)atimewhentheroyalsealwas

onthedecline.

20.Myfriendsmeanttoshowgratitude,buttheymademethinkthey(distance)themselvesfromme.

21.TheprofessorattheUniversityofMichiganmeant(make)mefeelgood,butinsteadmademeunfortable.

(二)介词

l.Areviewofseveralstudiesfoundsuchprogramshavealongtermeffectpeople'swellbeing.

2.Thereadingcoacheswillmatchtheirpatientsappropriatepoetryandnovelsaswellasnonfictionbasedon

patients'condition,andwillintroducethemtolibrariansandotherreaders.

3.Schoolstransformfromaplaceforaskingquestionsonefundedbyourabilitytoanswerthem.

4.Wecanbebraveraskingquestionsinpublicandencouragingotherstopursuetheircuriosity,too.

5.Whenitestohowwephrasequestions,weareadvisedtoopenlesssensitivequestions,favorfollowup

questions,andkeepquestionsopenended.

6.Themakingmaterialsinancienttimesmainlyincludedgold,silver,copper,jadeandwood,withcoppermaking

anoverwhelmingmajority.

short,askingquestionsisthebestwaytodeepenourunderstandingofthethingsthatmattertoourlife.

8.DuringmystayattheUniversityofMichigan,oneoftheseniorprofessorsaskedmetojoinaseminarculture

andemotion.

9.Inageneralroundofselfintroductions,Iintroducedmyselfa(n)understatedDutchwayasoneofthose

are'Interestedincultureandemotion".

response,Ilookeddowninembarrassment,andthoughtthat“expert"wasabigword.

11.Wethinkaboutemotionsasfeelingsdeepinsideus,butinreality,ouremotionshappeninteractionswith

others.

12.Officialsealsreferthoseofemperorsandofficials.

(三)连词、从句连接词

l.WritingforTheGuardian,shedescribedreadingandwritingfictionhelpedherunderstandherown

responseandallowedhertoescapeintoadifferentworld.

2.Afterall,isupliftingtoonereaderwillseemtwee(太花口肖的)toanotherandwhatonefindsunpleasantmay

bereassuringtothenext.

3.15yearsago,Iperformedanexperimentinweaskedwhetherbumblebeescouldlearnaboutthreatfrom

theirnaturalenemies.

thisincidentalobservationdidnotconstituteformalevidenceofanemotionlikestate,itdidopenthedoortotheideathat

suchstatesmightexistininsects.

5.Researchersdiscoveredthatbeesactivelyseekoutdrugssuchasnicotineandcaffeinegiventhechoiceand

eventreatthemselveswithnicotinewhensick.

6.Thescientists'jobistofigureouttheworldworks,to“torture(拷问)〃Naturetorevealhersecrets,asthe

17thcenturyphilosopherFrancisBacondescribedit.

7.ButforAllen,thisisallpartofabiggerquestionofliesbehindanyone'sbehavior.

8.Andwerecognizethatsocietyrewardsthepeopleproposetohavetheanswers.

9.Inthatencouragement,wehelpcreateanenvironmentthosearoundusfeelsafetoaskquestions.

10.Greatquestionscanopenupourcapacitytochangetheyallowustodrawpeoplein,openingthemupto

sharingknowledge,ideas,andopinions.

11.Attheendoftheevening,myguestsleft,theythankedmeforthedinner.

12.Myheartsank,becauseIwasbornandraisedintheNetherlands,"thankingfordinner“meansthe

relationshipisdistant.

13.Emotionsaredifferentenoughtofeeloutofplaceyoumovefromoneculturetoanother.

14.Inmyownculture,itwashardtoobservetheinvisibleemotionsofothers,butIwasabletoseethemwhenImovedto

theUSadifferentculturefromIwasraised.

15.ThelongperiodfromtheTangDynastytotheYuanDynastyturnedouttobeatimetheroyalsealwason

thedecline.

(四)其他

l.Eachyear,UQhasanumberofcoursesavailablefor(enroll)intheintensive8weekSummerSemester.

2.Somespeciesofwasps(黄蜂)recognizetheirnestmates'facesandacquire(impress)socialskills.

3.Webuiltaplasticspidermodelwithamechanismthatwould(brief)trapabumblebeebetweentwosponges

beforereleasingit.

4.Twovitalingredientsseemtobenecessarytomakeascientist:thecuriositytoseekoutmysteriesandthe

(creative)tosolvethem.

5.Theygo(far)anddeeperintobasicquestionsshowingapassionforknowledgeforitsownsake.

6.Onceuponatime,wewereallquestionaskingexperts.Westartedaskingourparents(number)questions

askids.

7.Bypreschool,our(inquiry)evenreachedthedepthsofscience,philosophy,andthesocialorder.

8.SealcuttingorZhuankeinChineseisa(parative)independenttraditionalartform.

9.Themakingmaterialsinancienttimesmainlyincludedgold,silver,copper,jadeandwood,withcoppermakingupan

overwhelming(major).

lO.Wethinkaboutemotionsasfeelingsdeepinsideus,butinreality,ouremotionshappenin(interact)with

others.

ll.Wethinkaboutemotionsas(feel)deepinsideus,butinreality,ouremotionshappenininteractionswith

others.

12.Intheworldthatdoesnotlookmuchasdidyearsago,wemustaskquestions.

第三部分英译中分析下列句子成分，并将其翻译成中文

l.AsforthenovelistYiyunLi,itwasWarandPeacethathelpedhergetthroughthetoughesttimes;whenshelauncheda

virtualreadinggroupofLeoTolstoy'smasterpieceinlockdown,3,000peoplesignedup.

2.Giventhesubstantialworkontheplexityofinsectcognition（认知），itmightseemsurprisingthatittookscientistsso

longtoaskwhether,iftheyarethatsmart,couldalsobesentient,capableoffeeling.Sincewehavenodirectwindowinto

theinnerworldofananimalthatcannotverballymunicateitsthoughtsandfeelings,thequestionofwhetherinsectsare

sentientremainedacademic.

3.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theylearnedtoavoidflowerswithspidersandmeticulouslyscannedeveryflowerbeforelanding.

Curiously,however,theysometimesevenfledfromimaginarythreats,scanningandthenabandoningaperfectlysafe,

spiderfreeflower.

4/Weareonlyjustbeginningtounderstandhowthecharacteristicsoforganisms,includingourselves,aren'tthefixed

productsofeithergenesorofenvironment/culture,buteachofusistheproductofacontinualinteractiveprocessin

whichwehelpbuildtheenvironmentsthatinturnshapeus/hesaid.

5.Theuseofthesealalsovaried.ClayimpressionwasusedbeforetheSuiandTangdynastiesandinkpadorredinkpaste

hasbeenusedsincetheTangandtheSongdynasties.Classifiedintotwocategoriesofficialsealsandprivateseals,Xiyinis

stillwidelyusednowadays.

6.MaxPlanck,oneofthefathersofquantumphysics（量子物理学），oncesaid,thescientist“musthaveavividandintuitive

imagination,fornewideasarenotgeneratedbydeduction（推论），butbyanartisticallycreativeimagination/Butothers

disagreewiththisuniversalscientificmind.Theybelievethatscientistshavespecialabilitiesthatsetthemapart.

第四部分中译英用补充的词汇翻译下列句子。

1.教授以相当大的热情谈到了组织能力的重要性。

2.戴维小心翼翼地往前挪，从边缘向下张望。

3.我对我们的第一次见面有清晰的记忆。

4.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。

5.他具有操作计算机的能力。

6.天黑了，一轮巨大的月亮把道路照得通明，周围的景物可以看得一清二楚。

7.屋里的紧张气氛开始缓和。

9.太阳渐渐西沉。

10.这种方法的优点不胜枚举。

11.他犹豫着尝了第一口，接着就开始狼吞虎咽了。

12.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。

［参考答案］

optionaladj.可选择的，非强制的

semestern.（尤指美国的大专院校的）学期；半学年

enrollmentn.登记，注册（人数）；入会；入学；入伍

intensiveadj,加强的，强烈的；［农］精耕细作的；［语］加强语意的；（农业方法）集约的；密集的

enrollv.注册；登记；招收

arangeof一系列；一些；一套

currentadj.当前的；流通的n.（河、湖或海的）水流；电流；趋向

accessn.入口，通道；（使用或见到的）机会/权利v.访问，存取（计算机信息）；到达，进入，使用

undertakev.承担；承诺

creditn.赊购；结余；贷记；有权索要的款项；赞扬；为…赢得好感的人/事物；演职员表；学习单元v.存钱；把・・

归于；认为…有；相信

institutionn.机构；社会收容机构；习俗；建立；开创；制定；设立；出名的人；制度；习俗

approvaln.赞成；认可；通过；赞许；试用

confirmv.证实，确认；使感觉更强烈；使确信；批准；受坚信礼；使坚定

mencev.开始

substitutionn.代替；代用；替换；＜化＞取代（作用）

feen.费用；服务费

paymentn.支付，付款；款项；报答

diverseadj.形形色色的；不同的

petentadj.有能力的；能胜任的，称职的

logn.记录；日志；原木v.伐木；把…载入正式记录；行驶

toughestadj.坚强的（tough的最高级）；坚韧的；艰苦的；粗暴的

masterpiecen.杰作，名作；杰出的事

backupvi.＜篮球〉协防，补防；支持；堵塞；复制；往后退

entertainv,招待；娱乐；使有兴趣；怀有（想法、希望、感觉等）

releaseV.释放；松开；发泄；解雇；（使）放松；公布n.释放；发行；排放；解脱

trapv.释放；松开；发泄；解雇；（使）放松；公布n.释放；发行；排放；解脱

motivatevt.使有动机，促动，激发，诱导；刺激；激发…的积极性

sponsorn,发起者，主办者；担保者；倡议者，提案人；后援组织vt.赞助

literaturen.文学；著作

seekv.寻找；谋求；请求（帮助），征求（意见）；想方设法

spiritualadj.精神上的；宗教上的n.灵歌

inspirationn,灵感；鼓舞人心/启发灵感的人或事；好主意

launchV,开始从事；发起；上市；使（船）下水；发射；猛扑向前n.发射；下水；上市；发起；大型汽艇

assistV.帮助；援助；促进n.（体育比赛中的）助攻

conventionaladj.传统的；通常的；非核的

wisdomadj.传统的；通常的；非核的

impressiveadj.令人赞叹的；给人深刻印象的

substantialadj.大量的；结实的，牢固的；重大的

capableof有…能力（或技能）的，能…的

inneradj.里面的，内部的；内心的

verballyadv.言词上；口头地；照字面地；作为动词

sentientadj.有感觉能力的；有知觉力的

academicadj.学术的，学业的，教学的；学院的，学校的；成绩优秀的n.大学教师；高校科研人员

significantadj.重要的；显著的；意味深长的

roboticadj.机器人的；自动的；像机器人似的；呆板的

scanv.粗略地看；细看；扫描；符合格律n.扫描检查；胎儿扫描检查；浏览

fleeV,迅速离开；逃离

abandonv.抛弃，舍弃；中止，放弃；放纵n.放任，放纵

incidentaladj.附属的；易发生的，偶然发生的；伴随发生的n.附带事件；伴随事件杂费；非主要的附带项或费用

constitutev.组成，构成；被视为；设立

evidencen.证据；（法庭）证物，证词v.证明

symptomn.症状；征兆

consumev.消耗；吞噬；充满（感情）；吃喝；烧毁

alterv.改变；变更，更改

substancesn.物质（substance的名词复数）；实质；物体；［哲学］1）。本质

hintn.线索，迹象；提示，注意事项；暗示；微量vt.暗示vi.暗示，提示

negativeadj.消极的；否定的；负的；阴极的v.拒绝；否定n.底片；阴性结果；坏的事情

positiveadj.积极乐观的；建设性的；拥护的；正面的；明确的；有把握的；阳性的；完全的；大于零的带正电的

demonstratev.证明；说明；（游行）示威；演示

intelligencen.聪颖；智力；情报

calculationn.计算，估算；算计

socializevi.（与…）交往，联谊；参与社交vt.使社会化；使适合于过社会生活；使参加集体学习

skillfuladj.灵巧的；制作精良的

hesitantlyadv.迟疑地，踌躇地

casuallyadv.偶然地；无意地；未经考虑地；漫不经心地

eagerlyadv.渴望地，热切地

despiteprep.尽管，虽然；不由自主

revealv.揭示；展示

possessv.拥有；具备；控制；使言行失常

figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白

surroundv.围绕；包围；与…密切相关；喜欢结交n.边饰；环境

vitaladj.必要的，至关重要的；生命的，维持生命所必需的；生气勃勃的

ingredientn.（混合物的）组成部分；（烹调的）原料；（构成）要素；因素

exhibitv.展览；表现n.展览品；（在法庭上出示的）证据

passionn.热情；热恋；强烈的情感；盛怒；酷爱，热衷的爱好

vividadj.生动的；（记忆、描述等）清晰的；（人的想像）丰富的；（光、颜色等）鲜艳的，耀眼的

intuitiveadj.直觉的；凭直觉获知的；直观的

reluctantadj.不情愿的，勉强的；顽抗的；难处理的；厌恶的

creativityn.创造性，创造力,创作能力

interactiveadj.互相作用的，相互影响的；［计］交互式的；互动的

giantn.巨人；巨兽；大公司；伟人adj.巨大的；伟大的

illustratev.（用示例/图画等）说明；插图于…

cautiousadj.小心的，谨慎的

pessimisticadj.悲观的，厌世的；悲观主义的

numerousadj.很多的，许多的；数量庞大的；数不清的

inquiryn.调查，审查；询问，质问，质询，追究；探究；打听

urgev.敦促，催促；推，拉；驱赶；强烈要求n.冲动；强烈的欲望

sensitiveadj.体贴的；艺术感觉好的；易生气的；敏感的；过敏的；灵敏的；棘手的；须妥善保管的

journaln.日记，日志；期刊，杂志

absurdadj.荒谬的；不合理的

acplishv,完成，达成

boundaryn.边界，分界线

capacityn.容量；才能；职责；生产能力；载客量adj.座无虚席的

emotionn.情绪；强烈的情感

analysisn.分析（报告）；精神分析疗法

statev.陈述；公布n.状态；国家；州adj.国家的

dramaticadj.戏剧（性）的；突然的；激动人心的；给人印象深刻的

evaluatev.估计

meltv.（使）熔化，融化；（使）软化；（情绪）消散；与…融为一体n.奶酪三明治

invisibleadj.看不见的，无形的

standardn.标准；军旗adj.标准的；合格的；一般的

dinev.用餐，吃饭

sankv.（使）下沉，（使）沉没（sink的过去式）

royaladj.王室的；皇家的；庄严的n.王室成员

understatevt.少说，少报；有意识地轻描淡写vi.保守地说；有意轻描淡写

anideafloodedintohishead一个想法涌入了他的脑海

Hewhisperedittothekidsaroundhim他小声地对周围的孩子们说

Inageneralroundofselfintroductions在一轮一般性的自我介绍中

Whenites㈠…说至"…

...fearingthatif...…担心如果…

l.isqualified;2.hasbacked;3,trapped;4,empl