2023年高考英语考试易错题(学生版) 定语从句

专题06定法从旬Q战2023年商考英「考「易不『题

【导入】

“鞅什么，卦什么”，率确迄用关系词

1.如果先行词指人，且定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that,非限制性

定语从句中用whOo

2.如果先行词指人，且定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom,非

限制性定语从句中用whom。

3.如果先行词指物，且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that,

非限制性定语从句中用whicho

4.如果先行词指时间，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，定语从句中用when；如果先行词

指地点，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，则定语从句中用where；如果定语从句中缺少的是主

语或宾语，则用that/whicho

5.无论先行词指人还是指物，只要关系词在定语从句中作定语就用whose。

6.如果先行词指人，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom；如果先

行词指物，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whicho

技巧1关系副词引导的定语从句

画画囹网

1.ThenthedaycameIfinallyrealizedIhadtomakeachange.

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：后来有一天，我终于意识到我必须做出改变。分析句子可知，句子为限制

性定语从句，先行词为theday,在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。

故填：when。

【答案】when

金易错点击

关系在从句中与“介词+关系

先行词

副词的作用代词”的关系

表示时间的名词：time,=at/in/on/

when作时间状语

day,year等duringwhich

表示场所的名词：park,

where作地点状语=in/at/to/onwhich

place,country,house等

表示理由的名词：the

why作原因状语=forwhich

reason

(1)先行词为有地点含义的抽象名词point,position,situation,stage,state,case,scene,spot等后也常用

where引导定语从句。

Hesaidifweevergottothepointwhereweneededtouselifejackets,hewouldhavealreadydiedofterror.

他说假定我们真的到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。

(2)thereason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。

Thebossdoesn'twanttohearanyreason(that/which)youmightgive.

老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。

即时见g]

1.WereachedQuebecontheeighthday,mostpeoplespeakFrench.

2.Theplanisdesignedtocreatedanatmosphere,thestaffaremotivatedtoworkhard.

技巧2关系代词whose引导的定语从句

画画囹画

1,We'lltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodpowertendtobelinkedwithpositiveemotions.

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们将讨论一种特殊类型的舒适食品，其功效往往与积极情绪有关。分析

句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是food,指物，在从句中作power的定语，应用关系代词

whose引导。

故填:whoseo

【答案】whose

⑥易错点击

关系代词指代的对象及其作用

关系代词指代对象在从句中的作用

who人作主语、宾语、表语

whom人作宾语

which事物作主语、宾语

that人或事物作主语、宾语、表语

whose人或事物作定语

人或事物，一般用于“such...as“"thesame...as”"as...

as作主语、宾语、表语

as”结构中

即时见S

1.（2015•四川）Thebooksonthedesk,coversareshiny,areprizesforus.

A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.that

2.Inthisarticle,wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodpowermainlyliesinthe

associationsitcallstomind.

基础夯实

考点一关系代词引导的定语从句

一、关系代词的基本用法

先

行

关系代词词在从句中的作用

人

who主语、宾语、表语

人

whom宾语

物

which主语、宾语、表语

人

物

that或主语、宾语、表语

人

或物

whose定语

as主语、宾语、表语

Thelittleproblemsthatwemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.我们在日常生活中遇

到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。

Myeldestson,whoseworktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.我大儿子的工作需要他

奔波于世界各地，他现在在纽约。

易错提示

as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式:such+名词+as...（像...一样的;像....之类的）;thesame+名

词+as...（和...同样的）

二、that和which的用法区别

只用that的情况先行词是all、few、little、much、something>anythingsnothing等不/E代词时

先行词被theonly、thevery、thesame、all等修饰时

先行词是序数词、形容词最高级、被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时

先行词既有人又有物时

只用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句时

关系代词前有介词时

Readersattractssomanyaudiences,whichmeansthatitbecomesmoreandmorepopularinChina.

《读者》杂志吸引了那么多的读者，这意味着它在中国变得越来越受欢迎。

三、as和which的区别

asas引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，像……常作实义动词

(如see、know、expect、say等)的宾语。

whichwhich引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点；这件事”等，which引导的从句与

主句之间常含有并列或因果关系。

Astheoldsayinggoes,''Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”

正如老话说的那样：“有志者，事竟成。”

考点二关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副用法例句

词

when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededto

于“in/at/on/during+makealiving.完全靠体力谋生的时代已经一去不复返了。

which^^

where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，相当Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswhere

于“in/at/on/to+which“theycangainvaluableexperience.

学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得宝贵的经

验。

why指原因，在从句中作原因状语，相当Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday?

于“for+which”你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？

易错提示

当先行词为situation>case、stagepoint等，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语时,常用关系副词where引导。

Theirchildisatthestagewhereshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.他们的孩子处于能说个别单

词但不能说完整句子的阶段。

考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

一、“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关

系。此类结构常见的有“some/several/afew/alittle/many/more/most/the

largest+of+which/whom”等形式。

Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneofwhichhasbeenproved.科学

家们提出了很多关于为什么人类在哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论都尚未得到证实。

Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.彳艮多年

轻人都去了偏远的地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。

二、在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以转换为“the+名词+ofwhich”；

修饰人时，可以换为"the+名词+ofwhom”。

Thenewly-builtcafe,whosewalls(=thewallsofwhich)arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplacefor

us,especiallyafterhardwork.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说真是一个安静的地方，

特别是在辛苦工作后。

易错提示

“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom,且不能省略。

September30isthedaybywhichyoumustpayyourbill.在9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。

模拟演练

I、单项选择

1.OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,youcanhearsomelovelymusic.

A.whomB.whoseC.asD.where

2.ThereareagreatnumberofattractionsinTianjin,IliketheAncientCulturalStreetbest.

A.whichB.whereC.amongthemD.amongwhich

3.Aftera57-dayhiking,theexplorersfinallyreachedaplace,theybelievedwastheSouthPole.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.as

4.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why

5.1thinkyou'vegottothepointachangeisneeded,otherwiseyou'llfail.

A.whenB.whereC.由atD.which

6.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursa

personcanreceive.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where

7.TherearehundredsofscenesinEnglishnovelscharacterswalkthroughalandscapeoffallenleaves,

whichmirrorstheirfeelings.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

8.Heoftengoestoschoolbybike,helpshimkeepfit.

A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that

9.HerearefourexperimentswehavetofinishbeforeJune6th,twoshouldbedoneinthewild.

A.ofwhichB.whoseC.inwhichD.that

10.1placethosephotostakenwithmyfriendsIcanseethemeverydaysothatitcouldremindmeof

thosebeautifuldays.

A.whatB.thatC.whenD.where

1l.AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstandsartistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthe

visitors.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

12.Hemayhavemissedthetrain,hewon'tarriveinanotherhour.

A.inwhichcaseB.inthatcase

C.underwhichconditionD.onthatoccasion

n、语法填空

1GranddaughterGayleParks,31—worksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremained

unknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.

2.TheCrescentSpring,beautyattractstouristsfromhomeandabroad,hasbecomearomanticparadisefor

visitors.

3.Thesample,includes1JOOgramsoflunarrocksandsoil,islargerthanpreviousones.

4.1tmarkedthesuccessfulconclusionofChina'scurrentthree-steplunarexplorationprogramoforbitingand

landing,andbringingbacksamples,beganin2004.

5.Therisingnumberofwildbirdsinthereservehasbroughtabenefitforbirdwatchers,areabletospot

orientalstorks(东方白鹤)andotherwildbirdsevenoutsidethereserve.

6.Astheweathergetswarmerandtheairbecomesdrier,peopletendtofeeltheirmouthsandtonguesaredry,

cancausecoldsorcoughs.

7.PractisingyogaorTaiChicanhelptokeepourbodiessupple,inturncanlowerjointpainandhelpto

protectusfrominjury.

8.The2020SummerOlympics,wereplannedforthissummerinTokyo,havebeenformallyputoffuntil

2021becauseofCOVID-19.

9.InAug2019,Liangwonthegoldmedalatthe45thWorldSkillsCompetitioninElectronicsinKazan,Russia,

isthebiggestvocationaleducationandskillsexcellenceeventintheworld,organizedeverysecondyear

bytheWorldSkillsInternationalwithanaimtoshowtheskillsandpromotecareerofyouth.

lO.ThemostfamousoftheseistheGreatRedSpot,issobigthatEarthcouldfitinsideit.

11.Whileflyingthroughthewind,itproducedsoundlikethemusicproducedbygu-zheng,isa

traditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.

12.ThevalleyincludingamuseumclaimstobetheonlyplacevisitorscansafelyobservewildAsian

elephants.

in、短文填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It'sneverbeensoimportanttospendtimeoutside,1.that'sbecauseit*stheonlyplacetoexperiencedifferent

scenesorforthementalandphysicalgoodprovidedbyfreshairandexercise.It'snotalwayseasyto

be2.(motivate),which,however,iswherenaturecollectingcanhelp.

Startbylooking3,(closely)attheflowersinyourgardenortreesonyourstreetthaneverbefore.Howmany

speciesorunusualfeaturescanyouspot?Pickupafallenleaforexamineaprettyflower.Allowyourself

time4.(stop),breathe,switchonyoursensoryantenna(触角)andconnectwiththebiggerpicture.Make5.extra

efforttolook,listen,smell,touchandtaste.Whenyouformnewhabits,whynotsetyourselfthechallengeof

collectingandidentifying100natura!6.(treasure)overtheseasons,7,(use)somerelevantknowledge?

Whenit8.(come)todisplayingyourfinds,therearemanymethodstoexplore,fromcontainerdisplays,and

pressed-flowerart9.otherworksofart.Youcanalsotakephotosormakedrawingsofliveanimals,rareplantsor

otheritems,10.youthinkneedtostayinthewild,suchasseashellsandpebbles(鹅pf)石)onthebeach.Makeit

personaland,aboveall,enjoy!

真题演练

【2022年】

1（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecieslivewithin

theGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

2（2022年浙江1月）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbut

growingminorityofacademicsarecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.

[2021年】

1.（2021•天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakeswecanlearn

withoutrepeatingthem.

A.fromwhichB.inwhichC.withwhomD.forwhom

2.（2021•天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstandsartistsdemonstratetheirskills

andteachthevisitors.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when

3.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（体重指数）across200countries,thescientistsfound

thatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28.thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.

【2020年】

1.（2020-江苏卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,fromstudentscanchooseforfree.

A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.whom

2.（2020•天津卷）Dr.Rowan,secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisown

typing.

A.whoseB.ofwhomC.ofwhichD.which

3.（2020•新课标III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist61paintingswerealmostlifelike.

【2019年】

1.[2019-江苏卷】Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.

A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that

2.[2019-天津卷]Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what

3.12019•新课标I卷】OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.

4.【2019•新课标II卷】NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,

62sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

5.【2019♦新课标III卷】Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64hadgreatexperiencewithcaring

fortheseanimals.

6.12019•新课标III卷】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatis

createdforthem.

7.[2019-浙江卷]Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth58givesofflightinthedark.

8.【2019•北京卷】Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8theygo.

9.【2019・北京卷】Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengaged（参与）in

academiclife.

【2018年】

1.【2018•北京】Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,helpsthemkeepfit.

A.whichB.whoC.asD.that

2.12018•天津】Kae,sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkin

Australia.

A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her

3.［2018-江苏］Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

4.【2018•新课标I卷】Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showed

amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses

(cause).

5.【2018•新课标I卷】Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummerthey

earnedquitealotby