2019英语练习方略资料：8Unit1Alandofdiversity

Unit1Alandofdiversity多元化的社会Ⅰ.单词盘点根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇1.________(n.) 手段；方法2._______(n.) (人口、贸易的)繁荣

(vi.) 处于经济迅速发展时期meansboom3._________(n.) 海关；关税；进口税4._______(vi.) 发生；出现5._________(vt.) 指出；标示；表明；暗示6.________(n.) 行李7.______(vi.) 滑动；滑行；滑跤

(n.) 滑动；滑倒8._____(vt.&n.) 租用；雇用customsoccurindicateluggagesliphire9._________(adv.)无处；到处都无10._______(vt.&vi.)改革；革新

(n.)改革；改造；改良11._______(vt.&n.)抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会12.________(adj.)清晰的；明显的；明确的→

__________(n.)差别；区分；卓著13.__________(n.)大多数；大半→_________(n.)少数14._____(vt.)选择；决定做某事；选举某人→_______(n.)选举nowherereformgraspdistinctdistinctionmajorityminorityelectelection15.__________(n.)申请人→_______(vi.)申请→__________(n.)申请书；申请16._________(adj.)显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→____________(adv.)显然地；显而易见地applicantapplyapplicationapparentapparently【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空①___________,shetooknonoticeofthe__________mistakesintheaccident.(apparent)②Allthe_________can_____inpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheir___________beforeMay6th.(apply)ApparentlyapparentapplicantsapplyapplicationsⅡ.短语回放1.继续存在；继续生存 _______2.用……办法；借助…… ______________3.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ___________4.坚持；维持，沿袭(风俗、传统等) ________5.背靠背 ____________6.与……合作或一起工作 ____________7.画线；标出……界线 _________liveonbymeansof...makealifekeepupbacktobackteamupwithmarkout8.包括；吸收 ______9.许多；很多 ________________10.申请；请示得到 ________takeinagreat/goodmanyapplyforⅢ.句式扫描1.However,___________(很可能)thatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.2.__________(那就是为什么)todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.3.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,____________(被吸引)theclimateandthelifestyle,stillimmigratetoCalifornia.

itislikelyThatiswhyattractedby4.__________________(人们相信)beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

Itisbelievedthat【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子①Itbelikelythat...很可能……仿写：他很可能成为我们的新领导。_____________________________________②Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……仿写：人们相信第三次世界大战不会发生。___________________________________________________Itislikelythathewillbeournewleader.ItisbelievedthattheThirdWorldWarwillnotbreakout.核心要点majority

三年2考

occur三年1考

keepup三年4考1.majorityn.

大多数；大半(1)a/themajorityof... 大多数beina/themajority 构成大多数/大部分(2)majoradj.

主要的

vi.

专修；主攻majorin 主修(3)minorityn.

少数；少数派/人①ThemajorityofpeopleinterviewedpreferTVtoradio.大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。②Mybrothermajoredintwosubjectsintheuniversitylastyear.我哥哥去年在大学里主修两门课程。③Youngpeoplewere_____________atthemeeting.这次会议年轻人占了多数。inthemajority④Mostpeoplewanttoowntheirownhouse.(同义句转换)=______________peoplewanttoowntheirownhouse.大多数人想要拥有他们自己的房子。Themajorityof【点津】(1)当a/themajorityof...作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。(2)当themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。

2.occurvi.

发生；出现sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosb.that-clause 某人突然想起①ThereportfindsthemostrapiddeclineinchildlaborhasoccurredinLatinAmerica.这份报告发现童工人数下降最快的地方是拉丁美洲。②Didn’titoccurtoyouthathewaslying?你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？③

______________________(他从未想到)thatshewouldbesodispleased.

Itneveroccurredtohim【真题链接】［2010陕西，18］Itneveroccurredtome_____youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.if【解析】选C。考查固定句型。Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that...是固定句型，意思是：某人突然想起……，其中that引导主语从句，故选C。【点津】occur常与介词to搭配，相当于动词happen，不能用于被动语态。【想一想】表示“某人突然想起”的表达方式还有哪些?【拓展延伸】主语

句型

想到的事情作主语或it作形式主语

sth.strikessb.sth.comestosb.Itstrikessb.that-clauseIthitssb.that-clause

人

sb.comesupwithanidea/athought

3.bymeansof...用……办法；借助……Ifoundmybikebymeansofanoticeinthenewspaper.我借助于报纸上的一则通知找到了我的自行车。【拓展】翻译以下短语bythismeans ___________bynomeans _______________byallmeans _________________用这种方法决不；一点也不当然可以，没问题【真题链接】［2011浙江，17］—CanIcomeandhavealookatyournewhouse?—Yes,_______!A.withpleasure B.IlikeitC.Iquiteagree D.byallmeans【解析】选D。考查交际用语。句意：——我可以来看看你的新房子吗？——好的，当然可以。A项：非常乐意；B项：我喜欢它；C项：我非常同意；D项：当然可以，没问题。4.keepup坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)①Youarealldoingasplendidjob;keepupthegoodwork!你们干得很出色；继续好好干吧！②Thehighcostofrawmaterialsiskeepingpricesup.昂贵的原材料费用使价格居高不下。③Weshouldnotkeepupoldcustoms.我们不该沿袭古老的风俗。【拓展】翻译以下短语keepupwith ________________keeptosth. ___________________________keepoff ____________________keepout ______________________keepon _____keepback __________________跟上；并驾齐驱坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)避开；使……不接近使不进入；使留在外面继续隐瞒；扣下；留下5.takein包括；吸收阅读下列例句，写出takein的汉语意思①Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteacherhadtaught.()②Iftheskirtistoobig,wecantakeinthewaist.()③Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.()④Don’tletyourselfbe

taken

inbyhistricks.()⑤Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday,takingeverythingin.()理解改小吸收欺骗包括【拓展】takefor 当做；误认为

takeoff 脱衣服；(飞机)起飞；成功takeon 呈现；雇用；承担takeup 占据；从事；继续；拿起takeover 接管takeback 撤回；同意收回【真题链接】［2011陕西，25］Someinsects______thecolouroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.A.takeinB.takeoffC.takeonD.takeout【解析】选C。考查动词短语含义辨析。句意：一些昆虫呈现出它们周围环境的颜色，目的是为了保护自己。takein“吸收；改小；理解；欺骗”；takeoff“起飞；脱衣服；摆脱；成名”；takeon“雇用；呈现”；takeout“拿出来”。根据句意可知C项正确。6.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，很可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。It’slikelythat...很可能……。在该句型中，it为句子的形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。①ItislikelythatTomwillattendtheparty.汤姆很可能会参加这个晚会。【点津】Itbelikelythat...也可转换为：sb./sth.+belikelytodosth.，意为“某人/某物可能做某事”。

②Itislikelythattheweatherwillbefine.=Theweatherislikelytobefine.天气可能会很晴朗。③Sheislikelytoringmetonight.(句型转换)=_____________shewillringmetonight.她可能今晚给我打电话。Itislikelythat【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空likely

用于①itislikely+that从句②sb./sth.islikelytodosth.但一般不用于itislikelyforsb.todosth.

possible

用于①itispossible(forsb.)todosth.②itispossible+that从句但不用于sb.ispossibletodosth.

probable

常用于itisprobable+that从句

④Itissunny,soitis_________thathewillcomehere.=Heis______tocomehere,becauseitissunny.⑤Anythingis________.Youneedtoconvincemethatyouarereasonable.

probablelikelypossible【助记】7.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们认为，过不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会如此之大，以至于不可能存在明显的主要的种族和文化群体，而是一个多种族、多文化的混合体。It’sbelievedthat...人们认为……。在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。①Itisbelievedthatthestoryistrue.据说故事是真的。【点津】“It+be+过去分词+that从句”该句式可改写为：主语(sb./sth.)+be+过去分词+不定式或People+动词+that...。Itbesaidthat...=sb./sth.besaidto...=Peoplesaythat...

②Thelittleboyisbelievedtobesleepingintheroom.(句型转换)=_______________thelittleboyissleepingintheroom.=People___________thelittleboyissleepingintheroom.人们认为那个小男孩正在房间里睡觉。Itisbelievedthatbelievethat【想一想】类似的it作形式主语的主语从句的形式还有哪些?【拓展延伸】(1)it+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprised,good,etc.)+that从句It’sobviousthatheknowsthetruth.很明显他知道真相。(2)It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句It’snosurprisethatourteamhaswonthegame.我们队赢了比赛并不奇怪。1.electvt.

决定做某事；选举某人；选择①Sheelectedtobecomealawyer.她决定当律师。②WeelectedJames(tobe/as)chairman.

我们选举詹姆斯当主席。【归纳】electtodosth. __________electsb.(tobe/as)+职务 __________________【点津】“独一无二的”职务、官衔作同位语、补语、表语时，其前不加冠词。

决定做某事推选某人担任某职务【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空choose

指在两个或多个之中选择其一，可与from或between连用。

select

指在同类事物中选择最好或最合适的,一般有一定的目的性。

elect

是指通过“选举”选出。

③Youcan_______whatyouwantfromthesebooks.④I________fourpostcardsandhandedthemtothecashier.⑤Hewas_______mayorlastyear.

chooseselectedelected2.apparentadj.

显而易见的；显然的；表面上的Itisapparentthat... ……是显然的apparentlyadv.

显然地①_________________shewasgoingtodie.很显然她将死去。②Certainproblemswereapparentfromtheoutset.某些问题从开始就是显而易见的。Itwasapparentthat③Shemanagedtoclimboutofthecar,apparentlyunhurt.她从车里爬了出来，很显然没受伤。3.teamupwith与……合作或一起工作①Heteamedupwithhisbrotherandpulledthecarout.他与弟弟携手将车拉了出来。②Thetwocompanieshaveteamedupwitheachothertodevelopanewracingcar.这两家公司已经合作开发一种新型赛车。

【拓展】补全以下短语team___ 结对；合作ateam___... 一队……___a...team 属于……队play____a...team 为……队效力upofonfor4.markout画线；标出……界线①Thestudentsaremarkingoutthe