阅读理解（文章大意题）方法与练习-2023年高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解 解析版

2023年高考英语第二轮复习点对点刻意训练

专题07阅读理解（段落大意题）对策与训练解析版

目录内容

板块一命题规律探究

板块二高考真题引领

板块三名校模拟演练

命题规律探究

艾草是南；乂Jrr；；；表/管弓O段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，具体段落的中心

思想又是为文章整体中心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在

理解具体段落中心的基础上的。找出每小段的主题句（各段的主题句常在该段的

首句或尾句），各段主题句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主

题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要进一步加工概括。观察全文的结构安排，

理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细节。

①主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，用细节来解释或拓展主题句

所表达的主题思想，是最常见的演绎法写作方式。新闻报道、说明文或议论文通

常采用这种写法。

②主题句出现在文末。在表述细节后，归纳要点以概括主题，是最常见的

归纳法写作方式。

③主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结束时再次点出主题。

④主题句出现在中间。写作方式为：细节描述一一归纳主题一一进一步解

释。

一、文章大意题设题方式

LWhatisthetextmainlyabout?

2.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?

3.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?

二、正确选项的特征

1.通常不含细节信息的词。

2.通常不含绝对意义的词。

3.能概括全文或某段的全部内容；涵盖性强，精确度强，恰当的表意范围和情

感色彩。

三、干扰选项的特征

1.过于笼统,不知所云。所概括的内容超出原文的范围。

2.以偏概全，主次不分。以文章中的细节内容或个别词语做出选项内容。

3.移花接木，偷换概念。选项中定语和状语影响语意范围，或者把属于A的内

容放在B上。

4.主观臆测,无中生有，选项中关键词也在文中提及，但选项的实际含义与文

章主题无关。

四、文章大意题思维导图

‘借助段落主］常处位置

题句归纳U段末

文

章首段（新闻报道、

大［借助文章主］常处位置议论文、说明文）

意「［题段归纳］

题末段（记叙文、议

论文）

抓住文中出现频率较高的主

借助主峥

J题词,然后对其进行概括和

归纳

归纳,确定文章的主旨大意

高考真题引领j

甲卷C篇，保留原题序号）

AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoo

penguins（企鹅）longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherand

kick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouther

Career（职业）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther

Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotakn

theplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,

eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshe

couldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,

thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.ς4Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,“shesays.ςςI

hadnoideaaboutwhatΓdfindthereandIwasn,tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.Andɪwantedtodo

italoneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”

InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe,dnevermetbefore,tobeginthe

journeytowardsAntarctica.ςςFromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperience

wasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,“Ginnisays."Iremember

thefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureand

Ithoughtitwassmilingatus.YoucouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingUnderWate匚"

Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggest

thingsthathithometoGinni.

28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsςςtaketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

29.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?

A.Lovelypenguins.B.Beautifulscenery.

C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend,sinvitation.

30.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejoumey?

A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.

C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.

C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.

28-31ACCA

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了71岁的GillIIiBalinton从小就对旅行有

着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008

年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。

28.Ao词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“ThroughoutherCareer（职业）asaprofessional

dancer9shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生

涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）”和“Whensheretiredfromdancingandher

sonseventuallyflewthenest,（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活）”可知，Ginni在退

休和儿子们成家立业之后,她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知,划线词组taketheplunge

与trychallengingthings”尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。故选Ao

29.Co细节理解题。根据第三段中的"AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldget

last-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFUego.（正

是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船只）”可知,

是一张折扣票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。

30.C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespected

byhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.（意识到这是一^块宝贵的土

地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。）”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认

为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。

31.Ao主旨大意题。根据第二段“Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71hashadadeeplove

fortravel.（今年71岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了

71岁的GinniBaIinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家

立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。由此可知，Achildhood

dream.（童年的梦想）能够概括文章主旨。故选A。

（2022全国U卷C篇，保留原题序号）

Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearchers

saidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenthe

UniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelop

betterspatialskills.PuzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofCOgnitiOn（认矢口）after

controllingfordifferencesinparents,income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levine

said.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivities

athomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetter

spatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.

“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthat

assessedtheirabilitytorotate（旋转）andtranslateshapes,,,Levinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalf

ofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohave

childrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshad

betterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andthe

parentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythan

parentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.

24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?

A.Buildingconfidence.

B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.

D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?

A.Parents9age.

B.Children'simagination.

C.Parents5education.

D.Child-parentrelationship.

26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Amathematicalmethod.

B.Ascientificstudy.

C.Awomanpsychologist.

D.Ateachingprogram.

【导读】本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究

过程和结果。

24.Bo细节理解题。根据第二段中…foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2

and4developbetterspatialSkilI（在2岁至∣J4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好）

可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。

25.Co细节理解题。根据第二段（LeVine说，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母谈话

次数后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测）可知LeVine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母

的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。

26.Do细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplex

puzzlesthangirls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。

27.B.主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究

过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。

名校模拟演练

（2023•北京房山•统考一模）Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwayto

communicatewiththeworld-throughpainting.

BeforeIeamingtopaint,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferent

fromherpeersbecauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforhera

doortocreativityandawayofexpression.

“Istillremembermyfirstmural,whichwastohelpakindergartentodesignandpaintits

wall/Lisays.ςςThcprojectmademerealizehowhappyIwasimmersingmyselfintopainting.”

Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationaland

technicalschool.4Taintingbrushescanhelpmecreateacolorfulworldinmyimagination,telling

mythoughtsonpaper,insteadofthroughvoices/9Lisaid.

Graduatingfromcollegein2005,Ligotajobasatypistatapublicinstitute.Butshecould

notcommunicatewellwithherothercolleagues.Herhusbandunderstoodhowshefeltbecausehe

losthishearingduetomedicationwhenhewas1yearold.Heisalsoanartlover.InMarch2016,

underherhusband,ssuggestion,Liquitherjobandjoinedherhusband,scompany,which

specializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings.

Wallpaintingisademandingjobbecauseitrequirespeopletoworkoutdoors,whetherin

extremelycoldorhotweather.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impairedintheircompany,

communicationwithclientsisthemostcommonchallengethattheteamfaces.

Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsand

interactivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.

“MyhusbandandIwanttointroducepaintingtomorepeoplelikeusandhelpthemfindtheir

ownwaytomakeaIiVingJLisays.NowLihasanapprenticewhojustgraduatedfromcollege.

Whilecoachingthenewcomer,Liisexploringherownstyleandhopestobecomeanillustrator

andopenherownexhibitiononeday.

ςςThey,reenergeticyoungpeoplewithapassiontocreatenewthings,andyoucanfeelthatin

theirpaintings,,,oneoftheirclientssaid.uThey,realsoaprofessional,dedicatedteam,often

workinglateintothenightonthedesignsforus.”

Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirown

careersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepaintingclassinprimaryschool.

A.startedLi,sfirstadvertisingdesign

B.helpedLifindanewwaytoexpressherself

C.madeLilearnabout3Dwallandgroundpaintings

D.turnedLi,sdreamofopeninganexhibitionintoreality

2.WhatcanWeknowfromthispassage?

A.Licancommunicatewithherclientseasily.

B.LilostherhearingwhenshewasIyearold.

C.Liandherhusbandhavecreatedmanywonderfulpaintings.

D.Liandherhusbandhopetobecomeillustratorsinthefuture.

3.Tohelppeoplewithhearingloss,whatdoesLiintendtodo?

A.Donatemoneytothem.B.Designpaintinggiftsforthem.

C.Inspirethemtocreatetheirowncareers.D.Supportthemtocompletecollegeeducation.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.D.Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhowill

【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Li天生听力严重受损，但她通过绘画找到了与世

界交流的方式，她希望她的故事能鼓励那些与她一样听力受损的人建立自己的事业，实现

自己的梦想。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforhera

doortocreativityandawayofexpression4但小学的绘画课为她打开了一扇通往创造力和表

达方式的大门。）”可知，小学的绘画课为她打开了创造力与表达自己的大门。故选B项。

2.细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehave

createdlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartof

thedrawings4现在，在很多公园和景区，这对夫妇创作了大型壁画和互动路面绘画，让旁

观者成为绘画的一部分。）”可知，在许多公园和景点都能见到Li与她丈夫的作品，由此可

知，她与她丈夫创作了许多美好的绘画。故选C。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemore

hearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessof

howtoughitmaybe.（Li希望他们的故事可以鼓励更多的听障人士建立自己的事业并实现自

己的目标，无论多么艰难。）”可知，Li希望用自己的故事激励那些跟她一样听力受损的人

无论有多难，要建立自己的事业，实现自己的梦想。故选C项。

4.主旨大意题。根据首段“BornwithseverehearingIoss9Lihasfoundherwayto

communicatewiththeworld—throughPaiiIting.（天生患有严重的听力损失，李找到了与世

界交流的方式一一通过绘画。）”可知，Li虽听力受损，但她仍找到了与世界沟通的方式一

一绘画，根据第四段中的“Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesign

atavocationalandtechnicalSChoOL（为了追求自己对艺术的热情，李去一所职业技术学校学

习广告设计。）”可知，她为追求自己对艺术热爱，她上大学学习广告设计，并顺利毕业，

找到一份工作，但她不满意自己的工作状况，又辞职与她丈夫从事3D墙面和地面绘画，并

在各公园和旅游景点创作许多的艺术作品，由此可知，本文主要告诉我们的是，只要肯努

力，没有什么不可能。故选D项。

（2023•辽宁丹东♦统考一模）BettySandisonwashavinglunchwithsomefriendswhenthe

subjectofwishlistscameup.Althoughshehadspentmorethan30yearsworkingasaregistered

nurse,Bettytoldherfriendsthatsheregrettedneverfinishingthebachelor,sdegreeshc,dstarted

morethan67yearsearlier.

Bettywasthefirstpersoninherfamilytopursuehighereducation.Withadreamof

becominganurse,BettyenrolledattheUniversityofMinnesota.Butwhenshewasjust25credits

shortofgettingherdegree,forsomereason,Bettydroppedoutofschoolandsoongotmarried.

Hercareerwasputonholdasthecouplemovedaroundforherhusband,sjob,spendingtime

livingindifferentplaces.

Manyyearslater,Bettyreturnedtocommunitycollegetobecomearegisterednurse.She

workedasanurseformorethan30yearsbeforeretiringin2013.

Butin2018,shestillfeltregretfuloverherunfinisheddegree.Encouragedbyherfriends,

Bettydecidedtoreturntouniversitytocompleteherbachelor,sdegree.Shechosetoliveinthe

dormitoryandgotonwellwithherroommates.Sheenrolledinclassesandstartedworkingon

thoselast25credits.However,shewasdiscouragedbythenewtechnologyusedwhentaking

onlinecoursesduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Evenso,Bettypersevered.

Atage84,Bettygotherbachelor,sdegreeinMultidisciplinaryStudiesfromtheCollegeof

ContinuingandProfessionalStudies.Shedescribedtheaccomplishmentas“purejoy,pure

satisfaction^^.Bettymayevenaudit（旁听）collegeclassesnowthatherdegreeiscomplete.Sheis

notsurewhat,snext,butthere,sonethingshedoesknow:Life,stooshorttolivewithregrets!

5.Whydidn,tBettygetherbachelor'sdegree?

A.Becauseshedecidedtomarryherbelovedone.

B.Becauseshedidn,tachievetherequiredcredits.

C.Becauseshedroppedoutofschooltoworkasanurse.

D.Becauseshevolunteeredtofightthecoronaviruspandemic.

6.WhatmadeBettylessconfidentduringherpursuitofherbachelor'sdegree?

A.Thedifficultcourses.B.Thenewtechnology.

C.Thecoronaviruspandemic.D.Theinterpersonalrelationship.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBetty?

A.Accomplishedandfriendly.B.Popularandcaring.

C.Determinedandhard-working.D.Ambitiousandresponsible.

8.Whatmessagedoesthispassageconvey?

A.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.

B.Notmatterofthetodaywilldragtomoπow.

C.Bethechangeyouwanttoseeintheworld.

D.Itisnevertoolatetocrossitemsoffthewishlist.

【答案】5.B6.B7.C8.D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年事已高的贝蒂•桑迪森在和朋友闲聊的时候谈到她

后悔没有完成67年前开始的学士学位，于是她回到大学继续完成未完成的学分并获得学士

学位。贝蒂•桑迪森认为，生命太短，不能带着遗憾生活。

5.细节理解题。根据第二段“Butwhenshewasjust25creditsshortofgettingherdegree,for

somereason,Bettydroppedoutofschoolandsoongotmarried.（但当贝蒂离获得学位只差

25个学分时，出于某种原因，她辍学了，很快就结婚了）”可知，贝蒂未能得到学习学位的

原因是没有修够学分，故选B项。

6.细节理解题。根据第四段“However,shewasdiscouragedbythenewtechnologyusedwhen

takingonlinecoursesduringthecoronavirusPandemiC.（然而，她对新冠疫情期间参力口在线

课程时使用的新技术感到沮丧广可知，在攻读学士学位的过程中，让贝蒂感到不那么自信的

是新技术，故选B项。

7.细节理解题。根据第四段“Bettydecidedtoreturntouniversitytocompleteherbachelor,s

degree（贝蒂决定回到大学完成她的学士学位）”以及“However,shewasdiscouragedbythe

newtechnologyusedwhentakingonlinecoursesduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Evenso,

BettyPerSeVered.（然而，她对新冠疫情期间参加在线课程时使用的新技术感到沮丧。尽管如

此，贝蒂还是坚持了下来）”可知，贝蒂是一个很坚定，且努力工作的人，故选C项。

8.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Atage84,Bettygotherbachelor'sdegreein

MultidisciplinaryStudiesfromtheCollegeofContinuingandProfessionalStudies.（84岁时，

贝蒂在继续与专业研究学院获得了多学科研究学士学位）”以及“Life，Stooshorttolivewith

regrets（生命太短，不能带着遗憾生活）”可知，本文要传达的是实现自己的愿望，年龄再大

都不迟，故选D项。

（2023•湖北•华中师大一附中校考二模）TherearedayswhenIfinditnecessarytostep

outsidemyclassroomandchecktobesurethatmynameisstillintheTEACHERspaceovermy

door.SometimesIfeelthatIamastudentinmyclassroomratherthantheteacher.

Seatedintheclassroom,mysixthgradestudentseachheldadifferenttoolinthehand.The

studentsdiscussedhowwordsareliketools-theyhavetheabilitytobuildortodestroy,andthey

discoveredhowtherighttoolusedattherighttimefortherightjobcanproducegreatresults.I

watchedandlistenedwithasenseofsatisfaction.Theygotit!

A.fewdayslater,oneofmystudents,Laura,hadanunexpectedoutburstinclass.She

refusedtoworkwithhergroup.Iaskedhertoexcuseherselfandtogotoournextdoorteam

center.Shemarchedfromthebackoftheroomtoourclassroomdoor-shootingmeanangrylook,

andthenproceededtoslamthedoorassheleftfortheteammeetingroom.

Minuteslater,ɪstoodoverher.Beingextremelyangryaboutherdisrespectfulbehavior,ɪwas

sharpinmytoneandharshwithmywords.WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated,ςςYou,re

usingyourtoolagainstme.^^Iwasspeechless.

Therearetimeswhenyouareatacriticalcrossroadswithastudentandtheroadyouchoose

willmakeallthedifference.Iknewatthatmomenttherightthingtodowastokneeldownnextto

herchair,andsoftlysay,"You'reright,Laura.Ihaveusedmywordsunwiselyandunkindly.Will

youforgiveme?"Shelookedmeintheeyeandsimplysaid,ςςYes,Iforgiveyou,Mrs.Ekre.Γm

sorry,too.^^

Attheendoftheyear,shewrotemeabeautifulletter,attachedtowhichwasasmallkey-a

tool,shesaid,foralanguageartsteacherwhotaughtherhowimportantwordscanbe.Itservesas

myreminderofalessonItaughtasateacherbutoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.

9.Whydoesthewriterfeelsheisastudent?

A.Herstudentsoftenchallengeher.B.HernameisnotintheTEACHERspace.

C.Herstudentstransformherideas.D.Sheabusesherpowerasateacher.

10.WhatmadethewriterspeechlesswhendealingwithLaura?

A.Laura,sangrylook.B.Laura,sabruptexplosion.

C.Laura,sslammingthedoor.D.Laura,saccusationagainsther.

Iɪ.Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriter?

A.Caringbutstubborn.B.Tolerantandopen-minded.

C.Strictandchangeable.D.Sincereandflexible.

12.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thepowerofwords.B.Theimportanceofteaching.

C.Thevalueofforgiveness.D.Thebeautyofunderstanding.

【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者作为一名老师的一次授课的经历，让作者意

识到老师也可以从学生那里学到一些东西，同时也暗示了话语的力量之大。

9.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ItservesasmyreminderofalessonItaughtasateacher

butoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.（它提醒我作为老师教的一课，但我真正从我的学

生那里学到了一课。）”并结合作者在教学中与LaUra发生的不愉快的经历可知，Laura的行

为让作者的思想发生了转变，认为老师也可以从学生那学习，所以作者觉得自己是名学生。

故选C项。

10.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated,wYou,reusing

yourtoolagainstme.”（当我停下来等待她的回答时，她说：“你在用你的工具对付我。

可知，LaUni指控作者用语言对付她，这让作者感到无语。故选D项

11.推理判断题，根据倒数第二段中的“Iknewatthatmomenttherightthingtodowasto

kneeldownnexttoherchair,andsoftlysay,"You'reright,Laura.Ihaveusedmywords

unwiselyandunkindly.Willyouforgiveme?”Shelookedmeintheeyeandsimplysaid,

“Yes,Iforgiveyou,Mrs.Ekre.I,msorry,too."（我知道那一亥!j正确的做法是跪在她的椅子旁

边，轻声说：“你说得对，劳拉。我用词不明智和不友善。你会原谅我吗？她看着我的眼睛，

简单地说：“是的，我原谅你，埃克雷太太。我也很抱歉。可知，作者委身向学生LalIra

诚挚地道歉并征得她的原谅，可以看出作者的宽容与豁达。故选B项。

12.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Attheendoftheyear,shewrotemeabeautifulletter,

attachedtowhichwasasmallkey-atool,shesaid,foralanguageartsteacherwhotaught

herhowimportantwordscanbe.（年底，她给我写了一封漂亮的信，信上附着一把小钥匙

——她说，这是给一位语言艺术老师的工具，老师教她单词有多重要。）”并结合全文作者对

该经历的阐述可知，话语是一种工具，可能会伤人，但也能去安慰人，所以Laura在给老

师的礼物中的信中说到的是话语多么的重要，由此可推知，本文主要讲述的是话语的力量。

故选A项。

（2023•吉林♦长春吉大附中实验学校校考一模）MyqueststartedwhenIwasontheNew

Yorksubway.Somechildrenwerewhining.Fourtrainscamescreamingintothestationatonce.I

putmyhandsovermyearsandcowered（蜷缩）一thenoisewasdeafening.Incities,the

ever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereis

noescapefromitanditwasbeginningtodrivememad.

ɪnanattempttorecapturesomepeace,Idecidedtogoonamissiontofindthequietestplace

onEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.TheoneplaceIwasmostexcitedabout

visitingwasananechoicchamber（消声室）inMinnesota.

Ironically,farfrombeingpeaceful,mostpeoplefinditsperfectquietupsetting.AndyetI

bookeda45-minutesession-noonehadmanagedtostayinforthatlongbefore.Whentheheavy

doorshutbehindme,Iwasplungedintodarkness—alllightswereturnedoffbecausetheycould

alsomakeanoise.

Forthefirstfewseconds,beinginsuchaquietplacefeltlikeheaven,aremedyformy

unsettlednerves.Then,afteraminuteortwo,Ibecameawareofthesoundofmybreathing.Asthe

minutestickedby,thebeatofmyheartbecameapparent.Thenɪheardastrange,metallicscraping

noise.Wasɪhallucinating?Thefeelingofpeacewasspoiledbyasensationof

disappointment-thisplacewasn,tquietatall.

ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsIcouldhearandbegantoenjoyit.I

didn,tfeelafraidandcameoutonlybecausemytimewasup.EveryonewasimpressedthatI,d

beatentherecord,buthavingspentsolongsearchingforquiet,Iwascomfortablewiththefeeling

ofabsolutestillness.Afterward,Ifeltwonderfullyrestedandcalm.

Mydesireforsilencechangedmylife.Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmyday

isthekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsound

environment-fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you,llbecomealot

moreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydaylife.

13.Whatpushedtheauthortoseekachange?

A.Theannoyingkids.B.Loudchatsinstations.

C.Theroarofsubway.D.Endlessnoisesindailylife.

14.WhydidtheauthorpicktheanechoicchamberinMinnesota?

A.Itmightgiveperfectsilence.B.Itlaunchedatimechallenge.

C.Itofferedprofessionalguidance.D.Itwastheonlyoneofitskind.

15.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasintheanechoicchamber?

A.Hestartedtalkingtohimself.B.Heheardsoundsfromtheoutside.

C.Hemadesomementaladjustments.D.Hefeltscaredinthefirstfewminutes.

16.Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?

A.Noisesstopusfrommakingprogress.B.Momentsofinnerquietbetterourlives.

C.Weshouldbravelyovercomeourfears.D.Astateofpeaceandcalmishardtoattain.

【答案】13.D14.A15.C16.B

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者逃避噪音，寻求安静的过程，告诉读者内心

平静的时刻使人们的生活更美好。

13.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Incities9theever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,

cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereisnoescapefromitanditwasbeginningto

drivememad.（在城市里,无处不在的飞机、汽车、机器和人声的沉闷轰鸣声是生活的现实。

它无处可逃，快要把我逼疯了）”可知，是日常生活中无休止的噪音促使作者寻求改变。故选

D项。

14.细节理解题。根据第二段“Inanattempttorecapturesomepeace,Idecidedtogoona

missiontofindthequietestplaceonEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.The

oneplaceIwasmostexcitedaboutvisitingwasananechoicchamber（消声室）inMinnesota.

（为了重新获得一些平静，我决定去执行一项任务，找到地球上最安静的地方，看看绝对的

安静是否存在。最让我兴奋的地方是明尼苏达州的一个消声室）”可知，因为明尼苏达州的消

声室可能会带来完美的安静，作者选择了它。故选A项。

15.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsI

couldhearandbegantoenjoyit.（然后，我不再纠结于我能听到什么这项身体功能，我开始

享受它）”可知，在消声室里作者做了一些心理调整。故选C项。

16.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmydayis

thekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsound

environment—fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you,llbecome

alotmoreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydayIife.俄发现在每天的生活中为安静的时刻留

出空间是幸福的关键。如果你偶尔能成为自己声音环境的主人——从关掉手机到去乡下旅

行，你会变得更能接受日常生活中的噪音）”可知，本文传达了内心平静的时刻让我们的生活

更好的信息。故选B项。

（2022•全国•模拟预测）IstartedpowerliftingwhenIwas65.Iworkedinrealestatein

Michiganf