2023-2024学年北京第三十二中学高三年级上册英语期末试卷含解析

2023年北京第三十二中学高三英语期末试卷含解析

一、选择题

1.Despitebeingtakenfromverydifferentsources,theresultsareremarkably.

A.consistentB.constantC.contradictoryD.controversial

参考答案：

A

2.USslangishugelythankstothemanydifferentethnicgroupsthathavesettledinthe

country.

A.delicateB.dynamicC.diverseD.desperate

参考答案：

C

【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：由于在美国定居了许多不同的民族，美国俚语非常多样

化。A.delicate微妙的；B.dynamic有活力的；C.diverse不同的；D.desperate不顾一切

的，根据题意，故选C。

3.thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethan

thoseofherage.

A.SpendingB.SpentC.HavingspentD.Tospend

参考答案：

C

4.—Howwasyourjobinterview?

—Oh,Icouldn'tfeel.Ihardlyfoundproperanswerstomostofthequestions

theyasked.

A.betterB.easierC.worseD.happier

参考答案：

C

略

5.I'mnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehadaimagination.

A.clearB.cautiousC.funnyD.vivid

参考答案:

D

解析：考查形容词的用法。句意为：他才成为一名作家我一点也不奇怪。正当他

是孩子的时候，就具有丰富的想象力。Cleai•表示“清楚的,明确的，澄清的”；

cautious表示“十分小心的，谨慎的"；funny表示“滑稽的，有趣的"；vivid表示

“生动的，栩栩如生的，鲜艳的”。根据句意应选D。

6.Hestood__tothepaintingandstudiedit___.

A.close;closeB.closely;closelyC.closely;closeD.close;closely

参考答案：

D

略

7.It'sreallystrangethatthegirlsoearly.

A.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarry

参考答案：

C

略

8.Wearelivinginanage__mostofthingsaredoneoncellphones.

A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when

参考答案：

D

试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是anage,定语从句是一个被动语态，句

子结构很完整。故使用关系副词，故D正确。句意：我们生活在一个很多事情都是由计算

机完成的年代里。故D正确。

点评：定语从句的关键是分析句子成分，如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使用关系副

词；如果句子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词。同时也要注意一些

关系词的特殊用法，如whose,that,which等。Whose是关系词中唯一的一个可以放在

名词前面做定语的关系代词。要特别注意which引导非限制性短语从句的用法。

【答案】

【解析】

9.—Youweredrivingat100kmanhour,sir.

—Butofficer,I___.Mycarcantgomorethan80.

A.maynothavebeenB.couldn'thavebeen

C.wouldn'thavebeenD.needn'thavebeen

参考答案：

B

10.（2013•安徽合肥二模）一Thecarsgiveoffagreatdealofwastegasinthestreets.

—Yes.ButI'msuresomethingwillbedonetoairpollution.

A.reduceB.remove

C.collectD.warn

参考答案：

A

选A考查动词辨析。空处所在句子的句意：但是我确信一些举措会被实施用以减少大气

污染。reduce"缩小，减少〃；remove”清除〃；collect〃收集〃；warn〃警告,提醒〃。根据句意

应选A。

11.competenceinacquiringEnglishtodaycomesfromtheabilitytoexpressoneself

ratherthaninsimplypassingexams.

A.DueB.Raw

C.CoreD.Keen

参考答案：

C

【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当今，英语学习的核心能力来自于表达自己的能力，而

不是简单的通过考试的能力。A.due到期的，预期的；B.raw生的，无经验的；C.core最

重要的，主要的，基本的；D.keen渴望的；强烈的。故选C。

12.MostAustraliansactuallydon'tseemtodomuchsport.,Australiaisgenerally

consideredtobeagreatsportingnation.

A.ThoughB.StillC.OtherwiseD.Thus

参考答案：

B

13.—Therearesomanycurrentstyles,whichoneshouldIchoose?

A.It'syouropinionB.Idon'tmind

C.IfsalluptoyouD.That'syourdecision

参考答案：

C

考查交际用语。句意为“这么多衣服流行款式，我该选哪一种？"。长s(all)upto

you你看着办吧，表说话者无所谓或无权作出决定，靠对方自己作出决断。

14.Kmreallythisweather-whycan'titbesunnyforachange?

A.putupwithB.fedupwith

C.comeupwithD.caughtupwith

参考答案：

B

【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的厌烦了这种天气，--为什么不变成晴天？A.

putupwith忍受；B.fedupwith厌烦；C.comeupwith提出；D.caughtup

with赶上。根据下一句可知，说话者不喜欢这样的天气，故选B。

15.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrisingsteadilysince

2010.

A.isB.are

C.hasbeenD.havebeen

参考答案：

C

试题分析：考查动词时态。since1999since自从---以来，和现在完成时态连用;Thenumber

of—作主语后面的谓语动词用单数，故选C

考点：考查动词时态。

16.Johnthinksitwon'tbelongheisreadyforhisnewjob.

A.whenB.afterC.

beforeD.since

参考答案:

C

二、单词拼写

1.Weneedtocomeupwitheffectiveapproachesto(fight)airpollution.

2.--Takeacigarette,please.

一No,thanks.ItisthreeyearsIsmoked.

3.Havinggotthegiftshewantedthemost,shehadnointerestinopeningthe

(remain)gifts.

4.Itwasthelasttimethatthey(practice)thesongasagroup.

5.Therearetimeswewanttogiveupinfaceofdifficulty.

6.Christmasisaroundthecorner.However,Ihaven'thadany(arrange)yet.Doyou

haveanyidea?

7.Thechurchroofwashalf(hide)bytrees,sowedidn'tseeitatfirst.

8.China(see)asharpincreaseinthenumberofagedpeopleoverthepastdecade.

9.Youcan'tbuyonlyoneeggbecauseeggsherearesoldbydozen.

10.ItwasinOsaka,JapantheChinesewomen/volleyballteamwonChina'sfifthWorld

Cuptriumph.

参考答案:

1.fighting2.since3.remaining4.hadpracticed5.when

6.arrangemnets7.hidden8.hasseen9.the10.that

18.单词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

86.TheAntarcticTreatyaimstopreventthecandmilitaryuseofthecontinent.

87.Thevaluesoftheworldweiandthepeoplewesurroundourselveswith

haveaprofoundeffectonwhoweare.

88.Policecaughtupwithoneofthegang,buttheotherthreef.

89.Swimminghelpstogetthebloodcthroughthemuscles.

90.Inthisvillagethecattleothepeople.

91.Youaresoangry,butIdon'tthinkyouare(有正当理由的).

92.Thiscouldhaveserious(后果)fortheeconomy.

93.Therehavebeenmany(冲突)thoughtheworldisinpeacegenerally.

94.Ihopethearrangementwillmeetwithyour(赞成).

95.(起初)shebelievedinhim.Butgraduallyshefoundhewasdishonest.

参考答案：

86.commercial87.inhabit88.fled89.circulating90.outnumber

91.justifiable92,consequences93.conflicts94.approval95.Initially

三、阅读理解

19.Whenanantdies,otherantstakeitoutofthenest,oftenwithinanhourafteritsdeath.

Thisbehaviorinterestsscientistsandtheywonderhowantsknowforsure-andso

soon-thatanotherantisdead.

Onescientistrecentlycameupwithawaytoexplainthisantbehaviour.Dong-Hwan

Choeisabiologist,ascientistwhostudiesanimalsandplants.Hefoundthatantshavea

chemicalontheoutsideoftheirbodiesthatsignalstootherants,“Pmdead-takeme

away“whenitisdead.

Butthere'saquestiontoanswer:Asweknow,ifanantisdead,itstopsmoving.But

whenanantissleepingorknockedunconscious,itisalsonotmoving.However,other

antsdon'tmovethelivingantoutofthenest.Howdotheyknowthisantisnotdead?

Choefoundthatantshaveanotherchemicalontheirbodies,whichtellsnearbyants

somethinglike,“Wait-Pmnotdeadyet“whenitisnotdead.Choesuspectsthatwhen

anantdies,thechemicalthatsays,“WaitI'mnotdeadyet“quicklygoesaway.When

otherantsdetectthe"dead"chemicalwithoutthe“notdeadyet“chemical,theymove

awaythebody.

Totesthistheory,Choeandhisteamputdifferentchemicalsonants.Whenthescientists

usedthe'Tmdead“chemical,otherantsquicklymovedthetreatedantaway.Whenthe

scientistsusedthe“Wait——Pmnotdeadyet“chemical,otherantsleftthetreatedantalone.

Choebelievesthisbehaviorshowsthatthe“notdeadyet“chemicaloverridesthe"dead”

chemicalwhenpickedupbyotherants.Andthatwhenanantdies,the“notdeadyet”

chemicalfadesaway.Othernearbyantsthendetecttheremaining"dead"chemicaland

removethebodyfromthenest.

Understandingthisbehaviorcanhelpscientistsfigureouthowtostopantsfrominvading

newplacesandcausingproblems.

59.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Leadingthefollowingparagraphs.B.Showingthemainideaofthepassage.

C.Introducingthebackgroundofthepassage.D.Givingasummaryofthepassage.

60.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“overrides”in

thefourthparagraph?

A.isweakerthanB.isstrongerthanC.isbetterthanD.isworsethan

61.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Livingantscanalsobetakenawaywhentheyarenotmoving.

B.Whenanantdies,itcantellothersusingacertainchemical.

C.Alivingantcanpretendtobedeadusingaspecialchemical.

D.Antsoftenusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.

62.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutDong-HwanChoeisright?

A.Choedidthisstudyinordertostopantsfrominvadingnewplaces.

B.Choeisabiologistwhoisonlyinterestedinanimals,especiallyinants.

C.Choefirstcameupwithanideatoexplainthisantbehavior,andthendidsometests

toprovehistheory.

D.Choedidtheresearchonthisantbehavioronhisown

参考答案：

59—62ABBC

略

20.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Globalemissions（抖F放）ofcarbondioxidefromfossilfuelburningjumpedbythe

largestamountonrecordin2010.Emissionsrose5.9percentin2010,accordingtoan

analysisreleasedonSundaybytheGlobalCarbonProject.

Scientistssaidtheincreasewasalmostcertainlythelargestjumpinanyyearsince

theIndustrialRevolution.Theincreasesolidifiedatrendofever-risingemissionsthat

willmakeitdifficult,ifnotimpossible,tostopsevereclimatechangeincomingdecades.

Theburningofcoalrepresentedmorethanhalfofthegrowthinemissions,the

analysisfound.IntheUnitedStates,emissionsdroppedbyaremarkable7percentinthe

yearof2009,butrosebyover4percentin2010,thenewanalysisshows.

“Eachyear,emissionsgoup,andthere'sanotheryearofnegotiations,anotheryear

ofindecision,saidGlenP.Peters,aresearcherattheCenterforInternationalClimate

andEnvironmentalResearch."There'snoevidencethatthispathwe'vebeenfollowing

inthelast10yearsisgoingtochange.9,

ScientistssaytherapidgrowthofemissionsiswarmingtheEarthandputting

humanwelfareatlong-termrisk.Buttheirincreasinglyurgentpleasthatsocietyfinda

waytolimitemissionshavemetsharppoliticalresistanceinmanycountriesbecause

doingsowouldinvolvehigherenergycosts.

Thenewfiguresshowacontinuationofatrendinwhichdevelopingcountrieshave

surpassed（超过）thewealthycountriesintheiroverallgreenhouseemissions.In2010,

theburningoffossilfuelsandtheproductionofcement（水泥）sentmorethannine

billiontonsofcarbonintotheatmosphere,thenewanalysisfound,with57percentofthat

comingfromdevelopingcountries.

Onthesurface,thefiguresofrecentyearssuggestthatwealthycountrieshavemade

headwayinstabilizingtheiremissions.ButDr.Peterspointedoutthat,inasense,therich

countrieshavesimplyexportedsomeofthem.

Thefastriseindevelopingcountrieshasbeencausedtoalargeextentbythegrowth

ofenergy-intensivemanufacturingindustriesthatmakegoodsthatrichcountriesimport.

“Allthathaschangedisthelocationinwhichtheemissionsarebeingproduced/9Dr.

Peterssaid.

Manycountries,aspartoftheirresponsetotheeconomiccrisis,investedbillionsin

programsdesignedtomaketheirenergysystemsgreener.Whileitispossible,thenew

numberssuggesttheyhavehadlittleeffectsofar.

68.Manygovernmentsint