2024年广东省高三一模英语试题答案讲评词汇积累课件

广东一模2024高中英语广东一模

讲评2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试(一)

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试(一)

英语参考答案21~23ABC24~27BADB28~31DCBD32~35DDAC36~40EDACG41~45DCACB46~50DABDC51~55BCABD56.a57.observing58.established59.proudly60.which61.commitment62.washeld63.and64.to65.todisplay阅读理解01A篇【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章揭开了图书馆索书号的奥秘。

WelcometoWSULibraries!Inthisguide,we'llunlockthemysteriesofcallnumbersandlocationprefixes.Knowingthesehelpsyouquicklylocateandaccessyourdesiredbooks.CallNumbersBooksandmaterialarearrangedonourshelvesaccordingtotheLibraryofCongress(LC)classificationsystem.Thesecallnumbersuniquelyidentifyandorganizeitemsnearothermaterialonthesameorsimilarsubjects.Considerthecallnumber:LB2395C651991.●LBdefinesthesubjectarea.Thecalllettersaretypicallyarrangedinalphabetical(字母的)order,startingfromAandcontinuingthroughthealphabet.Knowingtheletter(s)for

yoursubjectareagivesyouaplacetostartbrowsingtheshelves.Forexample:A-GeneralWorks;B--Philosophy，Psychology，Religion;D-WorldHistory;G-Geography;H-SocialSciences;J--PoliticalScience;K--Law;L--Education;M一Music;N--Arts;

P--LanguageandLiterature;Q--Science...Formore,clickhere.

21.●2395istheclassificationnumber，whichfurtherdistinguishesthesubjectmatter.Read

asawholenumber:1,2,3,45,100,2430...●C65istheCutternumberandusuallyrepresentstheauthor'slastname.FindC,then

65.Readthenumberasadecimal(小数).●1991istheyearofpublication.LocationPrefixesSomecallnumbershavealocationprefix.Locationprefixesmeanthatthebookormaterialisshelvedinaspecialplace，andmayhaveloanrestrictions.WSUusesthefollowingprefixes:22.23.21.Whichbookmaybeidentifiedunderthecallnumber“NU238C7192013"?A.AnIntroductiontoModernArt.B.TheABCofComputerScience.C.TheRecyclingofWasleOils.D.AShorlHistoryofFrance.22.WhatwouldbeheCutlernumberifyouarelookingforabookbyWhitneySherman?A.C78.B.S53.

C.W67.D.L59.23.Wherecanyoufindthebook“ResAG243G871992”?A.Onthe2ndor4thfloorofthelibrary.B.IntheReferenceAreaonlhe1slfloor.C.IntheCirculationAreaonthe1stfloor.D.AttheLearningResourcesCenleronthe2ndfloor.细节理解。从第一部分列举的字母序列号含义可知，N代表艺术Arts。细节理解。Cutternumber(卡特号)通常代表作者的姓氏—representstheauthor’slastname，因此寻找WhitneySherman的作品要从字母S开始。细节理解。从第二部分表格第三行可知，Res开头的索书号存放在一楼CirculationArea。词汇积累1.unlockv.开……的锁；释放（潜能），揭开（秘密）

2.prefixn.前缀3.locatev..确定……的位置

4.accessn/v..入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权5.classificationsystem分类系统

6.definev.给……下定义，解释7.browsev./n.随意翻阅；（动物）吃草；浏览信息

8.philosophyn.哲学9.psychologyn.心理学

10.religionn.宗教11.distinguishv.使有别于；认出；区别

12.lastname姓氏firstname=givenname名字13.restrictionn.限制规定，限制法规

14.identifyv.认出，识别；确认；发现；证明（身份）B篇【语篇解读】这是一封书信。文章介绍了美国作家WillaCather礼貌谢绝Masaryk总统索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。WillaCather在她的作品中既歌颂边疆开发者的不畏艰险的开拓精神，讴歌他们的理想主义，是美国文学史上最后一个其作品带有浓厚描写地方色彩的代表，也是一个刻画妇女形象，表现出妇女意识的作家。按照她作品的问世时间，她与海明威和共同生活在两次世界大战之间那一时代，但又属比后者更早的一代。凯瑟的作品结构匀称，节奏舒缓从容，文字清新优美。近年美国批评界认为她是20世纪美国最杰出的小说家之一。托马斯·加里格·马萨里克（TomášGarrigueMasaryk，1850—1937），捷克斯洛伐克首任总统（1918～1935）。捷克资产阶级政治家、大学教授。1918~1935年，任捷克斯洛伐克资产阶级共和国总统。曾任奥匈帝国议会议员，主张捷克国家在帝国范围内的自治，支持工人八小时工作制和普选权的要求，但对工人运动持否定态度。1914年他成了反奥地利起义的领袖。1916年成为捷克斯洛伐克巴黎民族委员会主席，并在俄、法、意等国组建捷克斯洛伐克军团。

ALetterfromWillaCathertoPresidentTomaSMasarykHonoredSir，Yourletter,senttomethroughyourLegationatWashington，confersuponmegreat

honorandgivesmegreatpleasure.lamgJadtohavecarriedamessagefromthe

Bohemian(波希米亚)neighbors,whomIgrewupwith,totheirhomecountryoftheCzechRepublic.IhavejustreturnedtoNewYork，whereIhadthepleasureoftakingAnniePavelka,

theliving“Antonia”inmybookMyAntonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirstscreening

ofALostLady.Ihavethegoodfortunetoproserverelationswithmostofmycharacters.

“Antonia”andhersplendidchildrenarefleshandbloodrealities.EverytimeIgoback

tothem,Ifeelhowmuchmoreinterestingandlovabletheyarethanmypictureofthem.

IwishIcouldpresentthemtoyouinperson.24.IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographical(传记的)

material.Iavoidbiographers,askingthemtowaituntilIgetmyworkfurtheralong.My

firstnovelwaspublishedin1912，andaperiodoftwelveyearsishardIylongenoughfor

awritertofindtheformbestsuitedforwriting.IwasnotyoungwhenIbegantowrite,

andthoughlivingisagoodpreparationforwriting，

Idoneedmoretimetoacquirea

simpleandmodestwayofpresentingmywork，howeverwellIknowwhatIwishto

present.Iamabletosendyouaverygoodphotographtakenrecently.Iencloseashort

biographicalaccountwhichmypublishersuseforpublicitypurposes，andsomecasual

reviews.Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriterhasnomore

tosay,andIdonotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.Ibegyou,PresidentMasaryk,tobelieveinmygratefulappreciationofyourletter.Respectfullyyours,WillaCather25.26.27.24.WhoisAntonia?A.Adirectorofamovie.B.Acharacterinabook.C.Cather'srelativeinNewYork.D.Cather'sneighborfromBohemia.25.Whatdoestheauthorneedforamostsuitablewritingstyleaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Time.B.YouthC.Publishers'advice.D.Financialsupport.细节理解。第二段作者解释了Antonia是她一本书里的人物，而AnniePavelka是该人物的生活原型。推理判断。第三段作者表达了拒绝的遗憾，并解释她需要时间去完善写作风格。26.Whatdoeswritingabiographymeantotheauthoraccordingtoparagraph4?A.Aninspirationtoherreaders.B.Arecordofherachievements.C.Awindowintoawriter'sworld.D.Anendpointinawriter'scareer.27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisletter?A.TorebuildherBohemianconnection.B.Todeclinethepresident'srequest.C.Toexplainherphilosophyofwriting.D.Toappreciatethepresident'sinterest.推理判断。从第四段可知作者回避写传记的原因。她认为作家创作枯竭的时候才写传记，而她还有很多想要表达的。写作目的。这封信的目的是谢绝Masaryk总统索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。为此，作者首先感谢总统的来信；分享与过去的人和小说中的人物联系的喜悦；解释不能提供传记材料的原因；附上一张近照和一段简短的传记以示对该请求的尊重和感激。词汇积累1.conferupon授予，授给2.fleshandbloodrealities有血有肉的现实3.acquire获得，得到4.enclose随信附上，包围，围住5.publicity报道宣传，推广6.review评论，复习，回顾长难句分析：IamgladtohavecarriedamessagefromtheBohemian(波希米亚)neighbors,whomIgrewupwith,totheirhomecountryoftheCzechRepublic.我很高兴把来自和我一起长大的波西米亚邻居们的消息带到了他们的祖国——捷克共和国。C篇【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会。这篇文章主要讲述了一种经济学现象：缩水式通胀，及其原因和影响。Ifyou'venoticedyou'regettinglesswhileyourbillalmoststaysthesame,it'snotjustyou.“Shrinkflation”一reducingaproduct'ssizeorquantitywhilekeepingitspricestable--isshowingupinshopsaroundtheworld.Astheglobaleconomystruggleswithinflation(通货膨胀)，risingmaterialcostsandhigherhumancost，consumersarebearingtheincreasingproductionprices.“Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproductlost'whensizesdecrease,"saysMarkStiving,thechiefpricingeducatoratImpactPricing.Asaresult,companiesuseshrinkflationtomakeconsumers“lesspainful"Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation，theproblemdoesn'tendafterinflationdoes.Oncethenewsizesareontheshelf,theyarelikelytostaythatway.“Shoppersdon'thaveachoice.Theyhavetoadaptthemselvestothechanges，”addsStiving.Therearerareexceptions,butcompaniesgenerallytaketheopportunitytogetmoreprofits.29.28.Formanycompanies，shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable.Infoodindustry,forexample，wherecustomersarehighlysensitivetoprice，liftingpricesmightmakecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.Butfacingthecontinuousinflation,thecompanieshavetodosomethingtomaintaintheirprofits.Introducingsmallreductioninthesizeoftheirgoodsshouldenablethemtoimproveprofitswhilekeepingtheirpricescompetitive.利

30.客观Butoncecustomersnoticethechange,theymightfeelfooled,leadingtoalossoftrust

andconfidence.弊Somegrocersareusingstickerstoremindshoppersofshrinkflation,butstill,it'satoughhittothebottomline--especiallybecausethepriceofproductsgenerallydoesn'tfallasinflationdoes.Consumersmayneedtoexaminebothpriceandsizesensiblyastheyshop,andmakesuretheydon'tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeontheshelf.31.28.Whydoesshrinkflationmakeconsumers“lesspainful”accordingtoStiving?A.Shrinkflationreduceshumancost.B.Shrinkflationraisespurchasingpower.C.Consumersbecomemoreawareofsize.

D.Consumersexperiencelittleincreaseincost.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theconcernsofshoppers.

B.Theinterestsofcompanies.C.Theimpactofshrinkflation.

D.Thephenomenonofinflation.

细节理解题。根据文章中的描述，相比于商品尺寸的减少，消费者更关注价格的波动。因此，公司使用缩减通货膨胀来使消费者“减少痛苦”。主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了缩减通货膨胀的后续影响，即产品的尺寸一旦减少，后续可能很难会再变回来。

30.Whatistheauthor'saliudetotheshrinklationinparagraph4?A.Favorable.

B.Objective.

C.Dismissive.

D.Unclear.31.Whatshouldconsumersdoaccordingl0thelastparagraph?A.Drawabollomline.

B.Putwarningstickers.C.Choosesmallerpacks.

D.Makeaconsciousdecision.情感态度题。作者在第四段中提到，迫于市场的诸多因素，对许多公司来说缩水式通胀是无法避免的，这可以保证其公司在市场的竞争力。但消费者可能会感觉收到了受骗，导致信任和信心的丧失。因此，作者对于缩减通货膨胀的态度是客观的，既指出了其带来的问题，也指出了其对公司的好处。

推理判断题。最后一段提到，消费者在购物时需要明智地考虑价格和尺寸，确保自己不会陷入价格陷阱。因此，消费者应该做出明智的决定。PassageC1.Shrinkflationn.缩水式通胀

2.strugglev.奋斗，努力；争夺，艰难行进3.profitn.利润，盈利；

4.unavoidableadj.不可避免的；不能废除的5.continuousadj.连续不断的，持续的；

6.maintainv.保持，维持；维修，7.stickern.（有图或文字的）粘贴标签，贴纸；

8.bottomline底线，最低限度9.impactn.撞击，冲击力；巨大影响

10.dismissiveadj.轻蔑的，鄙视的长难句分析：1.Consumersaremorelikelytonotice（howtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproduct‘lost’whensizesdecrease宾语从句）,saysMarkStiving,（thechiefpricingeducatoratImpactPricing同位语）.Impactpricing的首席定价教育专家马克•斯蒂文(MarkStiving)说，消费者更有可能注意到他们的购买对他们钱包的影响，而不是尺寸减小时“损失”了多少产品。2.Infoodindustry,(forexample插入),（wherecustomersarehighlysensitivetoprice定语从句）,（liftingprices动名词作主语）mightmakecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.例如，在消费者对价格高度敏感的食品行业，提高价格可能会让消费者跳槽到另一个品牌。词汇积累D篇【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了模仿对于人际互动，学习和人类文明演进的重要性。Welearnaboulheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulated(积累)overthousandsofyears.Standingonhe.shouldersofgrealmen,wedon'lhavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinvenledeachtimelorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus，professorat_LoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsrootsinearliestchildhood.“I'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate(模仿)isinbormn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations'efforls,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings,”saysMarkusPaulus.32.Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabiescameintothelabforthefirsttimeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations，theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.Thelong-termstudyshoweduhatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthe.baby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.33.Paulus'researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildrensuccessfullylearnvariousskills，suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage.“Thisinteractionisthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,"”saysPaulus.“Culurallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers，particularlyouncaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,”saysPaulus.“Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothaveto.beconstantlyinventedagain.”35.32.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?A.Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels.B.Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.C.Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulus'research?A.Children'simitationwasrecordedbymothers.B.Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren'simitation.C.Children'sabiltywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.D.Effectiveinteractionpromotedchildren'sdevelopment.写作目的题。据文章第一段和第二段的内容可知，作者提到轮子的例子是为了强调先前知识的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我们不必再重新进行研究和试验。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，Paulus的研究表明，妈妈越频繁地模仿孩子，孩子的发育水平越好。因此可知，有效的互动促进了孩子们的发展。34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nucleus"meaninparagraph4?A.Core.B.Result.C.Aim.D.Content.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter?B.HowtoInteractwithChildren?C.Imitation:TheEngineofEvolutionD.CulturalLearning:TheRoolofImitation词义猜测题。下文提到“thisinteractionisthebasisoflearning”，因此可以推断出“nucleus”指的是核心或基础的意思，即学习的基础是互动。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了模仿在人类进化中的重要性，强调了模仿对于人类进化的推动作用。因此，最佳标题应该是“Imitation:TheEngineofEvolution”（模仿：进化的引擎）。PassageD1.accumulate Vt.积累2.reinvent Vt.重新发明【re-重复】3.imitate Vt.模仿→imitationn.模仿4.haveitsrootsin其根源在于isrootedin 植根于5.observation n.观察→observeVt.观察→observatoryn.天文台;气象台;天文观测站;6.interaction n.互动；交互作用（影响）；交相感应；干扰（涉）7.caregiver n.照顾者【合成词】8.aculturaltransferofknowledge 知识的文化转移【trans-反;转移;变化;超越】Transact： 交易、办理等行为。 Transborder：涉及跨越国界的行动或事务。Transcribe：指抄写、转录等过程。 Transcript：与记录、抄写有关，通常指记录下来的文字或声音。Transect：表示横切、横断等动作。 Transform：表示改变、转变等。Transfer：涉及迁移、转移等概念。 Transfuse：涉及输血等过程。 Translate：涉及翻译、解释

Transgress：指冒犯、违背等行为。 Transient：表示短暂的、瞬时的。 Transition：表示转变、转换Transport：涉及运输、搬运等过程。

Transpose：涉及改变位置或顺序等过程。Transplant：指移植等过程。

Transcription：指将声音或文字记录下来的过程。。Translation：指翻译成另一种语言的过程或结果。词汇积累9.overallability n.综合能力10.acquisitionoflanguage n.语言习得→acquireVt.获得；得到;购得11.constantly adv.不断地12.givesriseto V.引起;产生（giveriseto的第三人称单数）;导致;13.evolutionary adj.进化的 evolution n.演变;进化;发展;渐进;14.praise v&n.赞扬15.describe v.描述→descriptionn.描述16.sensitivemothers 敏感的母亲17.emphasize v.强调→emphasisn.强调put/layemphasison强调18.necessity n.需要;必要;必需品→necessaryadj.必要的19.core n.最重要的部分，核心，要点，精髓;20.content n.内容;含量;，主要内容;(书的)目录adj.满意;满足;愿意;Vt.使满足;使满意;知足;21.matter n.问题;（统称）物质;事情;材料;事态;课题;关乎…的事情;当前的状况;Vi.要紧;有重大影响;事关紧要;22.It’sgenerallyassumedthat...一般认为......【主语从句】长难句分析：1.It'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitateisinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.【主语从句】人们通常认为孩子的模仿能力是天生的，但根据我们的观察，孩子模仿是因为他们自己被照顾者模仿。2.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,(which,throughgenerations’efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings). 【非限制性定语从句】这种互动使知识在文化上得以转移，通过几代人的努力，从而导致人类的发展3.Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild,soverallabilitywasattheageof18months. 【the+比较级....the+比较级】“越....越....”这项长期研究表明，母亲在与六个月大的孩子互动时越敏感，模仿孩子的次数越多，孩子在18个月大时的整体能力就越强。4.Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood. 【it=culturallearning】【D选项说反了】 文化学习是人类进化的重要组成部分，它植根于对他人的模仿，尤其是在我们童年早期的照顾者。02七选五【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主题语境为“人与社会”。文章依据总——分——总的结构，主要介绍了音乐帮助老人延缓衰老的途径，包括激发欢愉感受、触发美好回忆和保持思考力三个方面。Gettingoldermeansgreatermaturityandwisdom.36Inasocietythatisagingfast，ithasbecomecrucialtofindwaystopreventrelatedmentalandemotionaldisorders.Musicemergesasapromisingloolforpromotingwell-beingoftheelderly.Musichasagreatpowertocausestrongemotionsandintensepleasure._37Singinganddancingtomusicwithothersisnotonlyfunbutalsoimprovesmood.Musicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreducestressbecausetheytakeourmindsoffproblems.Theyalsohelpusfeellesslonelyandmoreconnectedwithotherpeople.考查转折关系。空格前一句指出变老的益处（成熟与智慧），而后一句强调预防变老时精神情绪问题的重要性。因此空格处应突出变老带来的挑战。

E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmental

challenges.考查指代衔接。This指代前一句音乐能激发强烈感受的功能。

D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhenheyaredepressedoranxious.Finally,musiccontributestokeepingourthinkingskillssharp.Itmakesourbrainsworkhardinuniquewayslounderslandtherhythmandmelody._39Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic，particularlyclassicalmusic,duringcognilive(认知的)tasksisshownloimproveolderpeople'scognitiveprocesses,suchiasprocessingspeedandworkingmemory.38Asongmaybecomeasoundtrackforaparticulartime，suchasadelightfulpartywithfriendsthatyouhadalongtimeago.Listeningtothalsongallowsyoutorememberallthehappymemoriesfromthattime.考查主旨句。此句为段首主旨句，本段围绕“音乐能唤起过去的美好回忆”展开，因此选A。A.Musiccanalsoopenforgotlendoorsloourmemories.考查递进衔接。Even强调无意识地听音乐也能帮助老年人更好地思考，为前一句的进一步补充，同时think词汇复现，呼应本段主题。

C.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetler.Inconclusion,musicisapowerfulloollofighlagainslaging-relaledemotionalandcognitiveproblems.Itisanenjoyableandsocialaclivily,availabletoanyoneregardlessoftheirbackgroundorpreviousmusicalexperience.40考查总结提炼句。本句为段尾句，同时是全文的总结，强调音乐作为延缓老年人衰老的重要方式的必要性。同时accessible与前一句available为近义词，呼应前文。G.Thus，thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityfor

healthyaging.A.Musiccanalsoopenforgotlendoorsloourmemories.B.Recallinghappymemoriescanliflourmoodonabadday.C.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetler.D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhenheyaredepressedoranxious.E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges.F.Theabilityloformnewmemoriesisessentialforprocessinginformation.G.Thus，thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityfor

healthyaging.词汇积累Gap-Filling七选五1.maturity(思想行为、作品等)成熟

2.crucial至关重要的，决定性的3.promising有希望的，有前途的

4.well-being幸福，安康5.Intensepleasure强烈的愉悦感

6.soundtrack配乐，声带，声道7..Processn.过程,进程v.处理，加工

8.available可以得到的，可以利用的9.aging-relatedemotionalandcognitiveproblems与老年相关的情感和认知问题10.contributetokeepingourthinkingskillssharp有助于保持我们的思维敏锐11.Regardlessof不管，无论长难句分析：Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic,particularlyclassicalmusic,duringcognitive(认知的)tasksisshowntoimproveolderpeople‘scognitiveprocesses,suchasprocessingspeedandworkingmemory.例如，在认知任务中听到背景音乐(尤其是古典音乐)表明能提高老人的认知进程，如信息处理速度和工作记忆。

03完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了年轻的健身教练SummerClayton通过网络直播为手机另一端的人们提供鼓励和生活贴士，填补他们生活中“父亲”一职的空缺。He’sa‘prouddad’to3millionpeople|CNN/2022/06/19/us/tiktok-dad-fathers-day-cec/index.htmlSummerClaylonmaynolhavechildreninreallife,buthe'sa“prouddad”to2.8millionpeopleontheInternet.Everyweek,hesitsdowntodinnerandhasa__41chatwithhis“kids".He

looksintothecameraandasksabouttheirday.He_42themhowtoshave,and

remindsthemit'sOKtobe_43

whenlifehurls.41.A.quick

B.formal

C,secret

D.virtual42.A.trains

B.convinces

C.teaches

D.supports43.A.painful

B.peaceful

C.shameful

D.hopeful考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每周，他坐下来吃晚餐并和他的“孩子们”进行线上交谈。由上文的“he’sa‘prouddad’to2.8millionpeopleonTikTok”和后文“helooksintothecamera”可知，他是通过手机直播跟网络另一端的“孩子们”进行交流，因此是虚拟的，故选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他教他们如何刮胡子，并提醒他们当生活让人受伤时可以感到痛苦。由后文“canyouteachmehowtoshave”可知，他是应粉丝的要求，教他们如何刮胡子，故选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他教他们如何刮胡子，并提醒他们当生活让人受伤时可以感到痛苦。由本句中的“whenlifehurts”及生活常识可知，在此Clayton是想提醒粉丝不必压抑情绪，当生活让人受伤时，表达痛苦的情绪是正常的，故选A。Tosome，hisone-wayconversations

mayseem_44Buthisefforlshavestruckachord(引起共鸣)amongpeoplewho

45afatherfigure--orjustsomeonewholistenslotheir46inthedailylife.

44.A.dull

B.lough

C.silly

D.brief45.A.find

B.need

C.admit

D.start46.A.decisions

B.hobbies

C.excuses

D.troubles考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于有些人来说，这样单向的交谈似乎很傻。由常识和下文的转折可知，本句表达的意思是有人对于网络上的虚拟谈话是不认可的，故选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他的努力在那些需要父亲形象的人中引起了共鸣。由上文的“he’sa‘prouddad’to2.8millionpeopleonTikTok”可知，和Clayton进行直播交谈的人在实际生活中父亲角色是缺失的，因此需要父亲形象，故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者只是一个在日常生活中倾听他们烦恼的人。由上文“remindsthemit’sOKtobepainfulwhenlifehurts”可知，Clayton在直播时会倾听粉丝生活中的烦恼，并鼓励他们，故选D。Claytonisacivilianfitnesstrainerinreallife.Hestarted

47ontheInternetin

late2020with-inspirationalandhow-tovideos,and__48_jokinglycalledhim“dad"

Hisfirstvideotogoviralwasashavinghow-l0--a

49tosomeonewhosenthima

messageasking，“heyDad,canyouteachmehowtoshave?”Thevideo__50_，

earninghimlensofthousandsofnewfanswithinhours.47.A.posting

B.profting

C.searching

D.donating48.A.critics

B.followers

C.experls

D.reporters49.A.suggestion

B.promise

C.reward

D.response50.A.caughtup

B.cameout

C.blewup

D.heldout考查动词义辨析。句意：2020年末，他开始在TikTok上发布鼓舞人心的视频和如何操作的视频。由后文的“Hisfirstvideotogoviralwasashavinghow-to”可知，把视频上传到网上并且大受欢迎，故选A。考查名词义辨析。句意：粉丝们开玩笑地称他为“爸爸”。由上文的“he’sa‘prouddad’to2.8millionpeopleonTikTok”可知，叫他“爸爸”的是他网络上的追随者，故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：他第一个在网上疯传的视频是一个教如何刮胡子的视频，这是对有人给他发信息问他：“嘿，爸爸，你能教我怎么刮胡子吗？”的回应。由句意可知，Summer的粉丝问他怎么刮胡子，于是作为回应，他拍摄视频并传上网，故选D考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：视频大受欢迎，在几个小时内为他赢得了数以万计的新粉丝。由上文的“Hisfirstvideotogoviral”和后文“earninghimtensofthousandsofnewfanswithinhours”可知，他的视频大受欢迎，故选C。Clayton'sextendedfamilycomesinall_51.Manyofhis“kids"areoldenough

tobehisparents.Clayton's__52doesn'tseemtobotherhisfans.Al58，Sarah

D'ImperiomaynolseemlikeClaylon'slargelaudience,bulshebelievesthatit'sa(n)

53-idea，especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynolhaveapaternal(父亲的)rolemodel

thatlistensorhas_54tolisten.51.A.places

B.ages

C.types

D.classes52.A.faith

B.experience

C.youth

D.appearance53.A.brilliant

B.ambitious

C.complicated,

D.abstract考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clayton的大家庭来自各个年龄段。由后文“Manyofhis“kids”areoldenoughtobehisparents”可知，Clayton网络上的“孩子们”来自不同的年龄段，故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clayton的年轻似乎并不困扰他的粉丝。由上文的“Manyofhis“kids”areoldenoughtobehisparents”可知，Clayton对于他的部分“孩子们”来说是年轻的，而他的年轻并不影响粉丝对他的喜爱，故选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：58岁的SarahD’Imperio看起来可能不是Clayton的目标观众，但她认为这是一个绝妙的主意，尤其是对于那些可能没有父亲模范来倾听或有时间倾听的年轻人来说。由后文“It’sjustheartwarmingtosee”可知，Sarah对Clayton的做法是肯定的，认为这是一个好主意，故选A。“Il'sjustheartwarmingtoseesomeone,tryingto

55asmallpartofthatroleforanyone,"shesays.54.A.luck

B.time

C.energD.honor55.A.value

B.create

C.define

D.fill考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah认为这是一个绝妙的主意，尤其是对于那些可能没有父亲模范来倾听或没有时间倾听的年轻人来说。由全文和常识可知，Clayton的“孩子们”在现实生活中缺失父亲的角色或者父亲忙于工作没有时间倾听他们的困扰，故选B。【试题分析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到有人试图为任何人填补这个角色的一小部分真是令人暖心。由全文可知，Clayton通过手机直播跟网络另一端的“孩子们”进行交流，为他们提供鼓励和生活的建议，这些做法填补了“孩子们”现实生活中缺失的父亲角色，故选D。词汇积累ClozeTest完形填空1.virtualadj.虚拟的

2.shavev.剃（须）3.convincev.说服

4.one-way单向的；单方面的5.shamefuladj.可耻的

6.figuren.数字；图形；人物形象7.dulladj.迟钝的；木讷；无精打采的

8.toughadj.顽固的；坚韧的；艰难的9.inspirationaladj.有灵感的；鼓舞人心的

10.how-to指引的11.goviral迅速传播

，走红

12.extendv.扩展13.botherv.（使）烦恼；打扰

14.rolemodel榜样，角色模型15.criticn.批评者

16.blowup爆炸；扩大到不合理的程度，走红长难句分析：Buthiseffortshavestruckachordamongpeoplewhoneedafatherfigure—orjustsomeonewholistenstotheirtroublesinthedailylife.但他的努力在那些需要父亲形象的人——或者只倾听他们日常生活中的烦恼的人中引起了共鸣。

04语法填空BormintoanethnicMiaofamilyinruralGuizhouProvince，ZhangwasexposedfromayoungagetotherichtraditionofMiaoembroidery(刺绣)一_

56culturalcraft

thathasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.Shespentcountlesshoursasachild

57(observe)hermotherandgrandmotherstitchingfancypatternsontofabricsby

hand.In2003,hopingtomodernizeandsharethisheritage,sheopenedherfirstclothing

shopintheprovincialcapital.

Adecadelater,Zhang

58(establish)herownclothingbrandfocusedon

combiningtraditionalChinese-styleqipaodresses.withcolorfulcustomizedembroidery

patterns.“WehavetrainedhundredsoflocalMiaowomenintheancientneedlework

techniques,”Zhang

59(proud)remarked.“Theclothinglinecelebratesthei

breathtakinghandiwork,

60Ihopeadvancesmyhomevillage'srevitalization.”Her

61(commit)toculturalpreservationandruraldevelopmentwas

recognizedin2019，whentheChinaWomen'sHandicraftInnova