湖北省十堰市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

十堰市2023—2024学年上学期期末调研考试题高二英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?A.Gotothehospital.B.Returnsomebooks.C.Buysomemagazines.2.Onwhichdaydoesthewomanliketogotothezoo?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.3.WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inacollege.B.Inahospital.C.Inadrugstore.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At1:00pm.B.At1:30pm.C.At2:30pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thebookisboring.B.Themanneedstofinishthebook.C.Themanshouldcheckwithhisprofessor.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hestudiedalot.B.Hejoinedaclub.C.Hewentcamping.7.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toplaysportsinside.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.C.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Teachageographylesson.C.Takeabooktoherfriend.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InBoston.B.InMemphis.C.InNewOrleans.11.Whatdoestheboythinkofskiinginthefrontyard?A.Itisunsafe.B.Itispopular.C.Itisuninteresting.12.Howdoesthegirlknowsomuchaboutthesnow?A.Shegrewupinacoldarea.B.Shelearnedaboutitfromhermother.C.Shespenteverywinterinthemountains.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman?AAdoctor.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Goingshopping.C.Makingasurvey.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About50.B.About40.C.About14.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingperweek?A.Reading.B.Talkingtofriends.C.Talkingtothefamily.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance.B.Paintingpictures.C.Playingoutdoors.18.WhatdidJohndosoonafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness.B.Hestudiedbiology.C.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohninitiallygohunting?A.Forfood.B.Formoney.C.Forpleasure.20.WhatarethemainobjectsofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds.B.Familymembers.C.Humanbehaviors.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyoudreamaboutworkingandmeanwhiletravellingindifferentcountries,we’vemadealistofjobsthatallowyoutotouraroundtheglobewhileearningsomemoney!ATravelNurseIfyou’reinthemedicalfield,becomingatravelnurseisagoodoption.Atravelnurseinworldwidedemandiswellpaid,somedicalprofessionalscanwearuniformsonanycontinent.Thenursingassignmentsvaryinthelengthofworkingtime.Youcanenjoyaccommodationpaymentandinsurancebenefits,butyouhavetoworkinthehigh-stressenvironment.AWaiterAwaiterabroadisapopularchoiceforyoungtravelersbecausesomerestaurantsdon’trequiremuchpreciousexperienceorqualifications,buttheydonothaveaccesstohighhealthinsurance.Manypeopledoserviceworkforawhiletoearnenoughmoneytotravelabroadfortherestoftheyear.It’sOKforthosewithoutfamilytodealwithcustomersatnight,buttheycan’tgethighwages.AnEnglishTeacherEnglishisoneoftheworld’smostspokenlanguages,sothereisalwaysademandforpeoplewhocanteachit.BeinganEnglishteacherabroadoftenrequiresaTEFL(TeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage)certification.Therearesomepopulardestinationsforprospectiveteachers.However,asteachersabroad,especiallypart-timeteachers,theirsalariesarenothigh.AnOilIndustryWorkerOilindustryisoneofthehighestpayingfieldsforbothskilledandunskilledworkers,withplentyofopportunitiestotravelwhethertheyfulfillapositioninexplorationorproduction.Youcanbearesearcheroranengineerondeepseadrillingrigs(钻塔).Thejobiswellpaid,andyoucanhelpcompaniesdolessharmtothesea.1.Whatshouldtravelnursesdo?A.Assignnursingtasks. B.GetaTEFLcertification.C.Payfortheirownaccommodation. D.Developagoodanti-pressureability.2.What’sthecommonfeatureofworkingasawaiterandanEnglishteacherintraveling?A.Thelowpay. B.Theprospectivecareergrowth.C.Largehealthinsurancebenefits. D.Professionaltrainingopportunities.3.Whichjobisbestsuitedtoatravellerwantingtocontributetotheenvironment?A.Atravelnurse. B.Awaiter.C.AnEnglishteacher. D.Anoilindustryworker.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种可以在环游世界时赚钱的工作。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcanenjoyaccommodationpaymentandinsurancebenefits,butyouhavetoworkinthehigh-stressenvironment.(你可以享受住宿费和保险福利，但你必须在高压力的环境中工作)”可知，旅行护士应该培养良好的抗压能力。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“It’sOKforthosewithoutfamilytodealwithcustomersatnight,buttheycan’tgethighwages.(对于那些没有家人的人来说，晚上接待顾客是可以的，但他们拿不到高工资)”以及第四段“However,asteachersabroad,especiallypart-timeteachers,theirsalariesarenothigh.(然而，作为国外的教师，尤其是兼职教师，他们的工资并不高)”可知，旅行中当服务员和当英语老师的共同特点是工资低。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thejobiswellpaid,andyoucanhelpcompaniesdolessharmtothesea.(这份工作薪水很高，而且你可以帮助公司减少对海洋的危害)”可知，石油工业工人最适合想要为环境做贡献的旅行者。故选D。BSarahwasnotanearlyriser.Butwhatmadetheannoyingearlymorninghoursbearablewasthecomfortingsmelloffreshcoffeefloatingintheair.Herfavoritecoffeeshopwasjustafewminutesawayfromherapartment.Onesunnymorning,Sarahrushedtogetdressed.Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.Shegrabbedhercarkey,dashedoutofthedoorandmadeherwaytoherfamiliarcoffeeshopasusual.Asshejoinedthelineofcarsatthedrive-through,thesmellofroastedcoffeebeansandthethoughtofthefirsttasteofcoffeewereherlittledailyluxury.Thelineinchedforward,andsoon,Sarahfoundherselfatthedrive-throughwindow.Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.Assheexitedthedrive-through,Sarahglancedinherrearviewmirror(后视镜)atthenextcarapproachingthecoffeeshopwindow.Anideabegantocomeintohermind.Maybeshecoulddothesameandbrightensomeoneelse’smorning.Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”Theassistantsmiledandnoddedagain.AsSaraheventuallyleftthecoffeeshop,Sarahcouldn’thelpbutwonderhowthenextdriverwouldreact.AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Sheledalifeofluxury. B.Sheusedtogetupearly.C.Shewasnervousabouttheinterview. D.Shewasnewtothecoffeeshop.5.WhydidSarahgobacktothecoffeeshop?A.Tofindoutwhopaidforhercoffee. B.Toorderherselfanothercupofcoffee.C.Toseewhatwasexactlyhappeningthere. D.Tobuycoffeeforthedriverbehindher.6.HowdidSarahfeelwhenshefinallyleftthecoffeeshop?A.Ambitious. B.Content. C.Awkward. D.Suspicious.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achainofcoffeeshops. B.Anunforgettableinterview.C.Thekindnessfromanassistant. D.Thepowerofpayingitforward.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莎拉某天早上去面试路上去一家咖啡店买咖啡，结果付钱的时候被告知咖啡被前面的人付过了，莎拉十分惊讶和感激，于是也为后面的司机付了咖啡钱。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.(有一个工作面试，她感到焦虑，害怕迟到)”可知，莎拉对面试很紧张。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”(她决定回到咖啡店。进去后，她走近收银员说：“我想为我后面那辆车里的人买咖啡。”)”可知，莎拉回到咖啡店是为了给后面的司机买咖啡。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.(当萨拉看到咖啡连锁店人们继续排队时，一阵满意的情绪涌上心头。)”可知，当莎拉最终离开咖啡店时，她感到满足。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.(她伸手去掏钱包准备付款，但还没等她把信用卡递给店员，店员就笑着说：“你的咖啡已经被前面那辆车付了。”萨拉吃了一惊。“真的吗？”她问，既惊讶又感激。店员点点头。这一意想不到的善举让她脸上露出了笑容，让她觉得即将到来的面试有点放松。)”以及最后一段“Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.(她知道她刚刚开启了慷慨和善良的链条。)”结合文章主要讲述了莎拉某天早上去面试路上去一家咖啡店买咖啡，结果付钱的时候被告知咖啡被前面的人付过了，莎拉十分惊讶和感激，于是也为后面的司机付了咖啡钱。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是传递爱的力量。故选D。CAnewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行动物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinction,whichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.Thelargesteveranalysisofthestateoftheworld’sreptiles,publishedinNature,hasshowedthat21%ofthereptilespeciesarefacingextinction.Thestudysaysfromlizardstosnakes,suchalosscouldhavedisastrousimpactsonecosystemsaroundtheworld.Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.“Ifweremovedreptiles,itcouldchangeecosystemsfundamentally,withunfortunateknock-oneffects,suchasincreasesinpestinsects,”saidNeilCox,co-leaderofthestudy.“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.”Ourhopeisthatthisfirst-everassessmentoftheworld’s10,000-plusreptileshelpsputtheminthespotlightandgoessomewaytohighlightingthisdiversity,andjusthowmuchwehavetolose.Aswellascontrollingrats,mosquitoesandotherpests,reptilesdelivermanyotherbenefits.“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments,”saidresearcherHoffmann.“We’vealsoachievedmanymedicaladvancesfromstudiesofreptiles.”Theresultsofthestudyarenotalldoomandgloom.Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(两栖动物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.8Whichisthemainconcernraisedbythenewstudy?A.Theoverpopulationofreptiles. B.Thelossofreptiles.C.Thesharpincreaseinreptilespecies. D.Thedisastrousinfluenceofreptilesonnature.9.Howmanyfactorscausingtheextinctionofspeciesarementionedinparagraph3?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10.WhatdidNeilCoxandHoffmannbothsayaboutreptiles?A.Theirbenefits. B.Theirhabitats.C.Theirlivinghabits. D.Theirhealthproblems.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“doomandgloom”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Disappointing. B.Odd. C.Satisfactory. D.Amazing.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能对地球产生不良影响。文章介绍了导致爬行动物灭绝的因素以及爬行动物的益处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Anewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行动物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinction,whichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.(一项新的研究警告说，超过五分之一的爬行动物物种面临灭绝的威胁，这可能对地球产生不良影响。)”可知，这项新研究提出的主要担忧是爬虫类动物的消失。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.(虽然许多爬行动物生活在沙漠等干燥环境中，但大多数物种生活在森林中，在那里它们受到诸如农业用地砍伐等威胁。30%的森林爬行动物面临灭绝的危险，而干旱栖息地的这一比例为14%。狩猎也是爬行动物的主要威胁，尤其是海龟和鳄鱼，其中许多都有灭绝的危险。另一个主要因素是入侵物种的引入。)”可知，第3段提到了三个导致物种灭绝的因素。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.(包括爬行动物在内的生物多样性支持为人类提供健康环境的生态系统服务。)”以及倒数第二段“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments(它们有助于传播种子，尤其是在岛屿环境中)”可知，尼尔·考克斯和霍夫曼提到了爬行动物的益处。故选A。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(两栖动物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.(令人惊讶的是，科学家们发现，如果他们开始保护受威胁的鸟类、哺乳动物和两栖动物共同生活的地方，他们同时也会保护更多受威胁的爬行动物。)”可知，后文提到了更多受威胁的爬行动物会受到保护，说明这项研究的结果并不都是令人失望的。故划线词意思是“令人失望的”。故选A。DInMarch,2023,agroupofcomputerscientistspublishedanassessmentofanewchatbotwithartificialintelligence(AI).Theteam’sreportdrewglobalattentiontoonetestinparticular:Wehaveabook,nineeggs,alaptop,abottleandanail,andpleasetellmehowtopilethemontoeachotherinastablemanner.Thisisatoughpuzzle.Earlierversionsofthechatbotgavesillyandunreasonableanswers.Butthenewchatbot’suniqueanswerhelpedsetoffthecurrentglobalwaveofAIadvocacyandanxiety.Itfueleddebateabouthowlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)wereabletoperformcreativetasks.By2022,LLMswerebeingtrainedonasmanyas17trillionwordsofhuman-generatedtext,mainlyfromtheInternet.Itwascertainthatthenewchatbotwasexposedtofunctionalfixedness(功能固着)problemsinitstraining.Theresearcherswereofcourseawareofthatandinventedthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzletopreventthenewchatbotfromdishonestlycopyingananswerfromtheInternet.LLMsusedlanguagestatisticsonly.Noonehadsaidhowtopilethesenineeggsontopofeachothereverbefore.TheextremerarityofthosewordswouldtendtopreventLLMsfromtalkingaboutpilingeggsinunrealisticways.Oneoftheresearchersthattestedthenewchatbotthinksit’slikelythatanLLMtrainedontrillionsofwordscreatesaworldmodel,andthisiswhatgivesitthe“magical”extrapolation(外推)properties.AreLLMstrulyoriginaloraretheyjustplagiarists(剽窃者)?Thetwostatementsmaynotbeasdifferentastheyseem.There’snothingentirelynewunderthesun.Edisondidnotinventthelightbulbbutimprovedit.Mostso-calledcreatorsapplyknowledgefromdifferentfieldstoaproblemandarriveatasolution.It’smoreamatterofmakingrelevantconnectionsthanofinventingsomethingcompletelynew.IfLLMsareindeedacquiringtheabilitytomakerelevantconnections,thatwouldbeahistoricbutdiscomfortingdevelopment.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewchatbot’sanswertothepuzzleinparagraph1?A.Itwassilly. B.Itsetpeoplethinking.C.Itdrewlittleattention. D.Ithighlightedlanguageinnovation.13.Whydidtheresearchersinventthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzle?A.Tocopyonlineanswers. B.Tostopthechatbotcheating.C.Totrainhumanstouselanguage. D.Toexposethechatbottofunctionalproblems.14.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Howaninventioncameintobeing. B.HowEdisonbecamesuccessfulinhistory.C.WhyEdisoninventedsomethingentirelynew. D.Whyaninventionrequiredeffortandopportunity.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WillRobotsReplaceHumans? B.CanRobotsDevelopSmoothly?C.CanAIComeUpWithAnythingOriginal? D.WillAISolveMagicalAndDifficultProblems?【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一群计算机科学家通过一个“鸡蛋和笔记本”的问题，来测试新聊天机器人是否可以进行创作。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butthenewchatbot’suniqueanswerhelpedsetoffthecurrentglobalwaveofAIadvocacyandanxiety.Itfueleddebateabouthowlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)wereabletoperformcreativetasks.(但这款新型聊天机器人的独特回答，在一定程度上引发了当前全球对人工智能的倡导和焦虑。它引发了关于大型语言模型（LLMs）如何能够执行创造性任务的争论)”可知，新聊天机器人对谜题的答案引起人们思考。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearcherswereofcourseawareofthatandinventedthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzletopreventthenewchatbotfromdishonestlycopyingananswerfromtheInternet.(研究人员当然意识到了这一点，并发明了“鸡蛋和笔记本电脑”难题，以防止新的聊天机器人不诚实地从互联网上复制答案)”可知，研究人员要发明“鸡蛋和笔记本电脑”的谜题是为了阻止聊天机器人作弊。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“There’snothingentirelynewunderthesun.Edisondidnotinventthelightbulbbutimprovedit.Mostso-calledcreatorsapplyknowledgefromdifferentfieldstoaproblemandarriveatasolution.It’smoreamatterofmakingrelevantconnectionsthanofinventingsomethingcompletelynew.IfLLMsareindeedacquiringtheabilitytomakerelevantconnections,thatwouldbeahistoricbutdiscomfortingdevelopment.(太阳底下没有什么是全新的。爱迪生没有发明电灯泡，而是改进了它。大多数所谓的创造者将不同领域的知识应用于一个问题，并得出解决方案。更重要的是建立相关的联系，而不是发明全新的东西。如果LLMs确实获得了建立相关联系的能力，那将是一个具有历史意义但令人不安的发展)”可知，作者在最后一段想表达一项发明是如何产生的。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“AreLLMstrulyoriginaloraretheyjustplagiarists(剽窃者)?Thetwostatementsmaynotbeasdifferentastheyseem.(LLMs是真正的原创者还是只是剽窃者？这两种说法可能并不像看上去那么不同)”结合文章主要说明了一群计算机科学家通过一个“鸡蛋和笔记本”的问题，来测试新聊天机器人是否可以进行创作。可知，C选项“人工智能能创造出原创的东西吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoHaveanEco-friendlyNewYearNewYearisatimeofgreatjoy,butitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Itisimportanttohaveaneco-friendlyNewYear.DoyouwanttodosomethingtohelpprotecttheplanetintheNewYear?____16____Wrapgiftsinaneco-friendlyway.Itisappealingtowrapgiftsinshinywrappingpaper.____17____Youcanwrapgiftsinbeautifulsquareclothsthatcanbeusedagainandagain.Useribbonstotiethemtogether.Goastepfurtherbymakingyourowngiftbagswhichcanbereusedthroughouttheyears.____18____Yourlovedoneswouldratherspendmoretimewithyouthanhavemorestuff.Youcaneitherbookanexperiencetogetherorshareaskillwhichyouhavewiththem.Eatablepresentsarealsofuntomake.Notonlywillyoucreatenewmemoriesandhavesomethingtolookforwardtointhenewyearbutyouwillalsoavoidgivingthemstufftheydon’twant.Makehome-madedecorations.Spendingtimemakingdecorationswithfriendsandfamilyisagreatactivityincolddays.Yourhomewillbecomebeautifulwithhome-madepaperstarsmadeoutofoldnewspapers.Andstickingpapercutstowindowswillbeimpressive.Also,trytouseacookiecuttertocutoutanythingyouwant,starsorevendeer.____19____Avoidfoodwaste.Planmealsaheadandthinkaboutwhatyouwilldowithleftovers.____20____Whynotdoityourself,makeyourownfoodtraditionstosuityourtastesandmakesurethatnofoodgoestowaste?A.Justletyourimaginationrunwild.B.Givegiftsthatmakenewmemories.C.Youwantyourlovedonestosendgiftstoyou.D.Butitisnon-recyclableandgoesstraighttowaste.E.Hereishowtocutbackonunnecessarypurchases.F.Andifnoonelikessomething,thereisnoneedtobuyit.G.Buyasmuchasyoucanincasealargenumberofguestsarrive.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了环保地过新年的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“NewYearisatimeofgreatjoy,butitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Itisimportanttohaveaneco-friendlyNewYear.DoyouwanttodosomethingtohelpprotecttheplanetintheNewYear?(新年是一个充满欢乐的时刻，但它也可能导致过度消费。过一个环保的新年很重要。在新的一年里，你想做些什么来帮助保护地球吗？)”以及后文主要介绍了环保地过新年的方法，故E选项“以下是如何减少不必要的购买”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Wrapgiftsinaneco-friendlyway.Itisappealingtowrapgiftsinshinywrappingpaper.(用环保方式包装礼物。用闪亮的包装纸包装礼物很吸引人)”以及后文“Youcanwrapgiftsinbeautifulsquareclothsthatcanbeusedagainandagain.(你可以用漂亮的方形布包装礼物，这样可以反复使用)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出包装纸的缺点，故D选项“但是它是不可回收的，直接被浪费了”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Yourlovedoneswouldratherspendmoretimewithyouthanhavemorestuff.Youcaneitherbookanexperiencetogetherorshareaskillwhichyouhavewiththem.Eatablepresentsarealsofuntomake.Notonlywillyoucreatenewmemoriesandhavesomethingtolookforwardtointhenewyear,butyouwillalsoavoidgivingthemstufftheydon’twant.(你爱的人宁愿花更多的时间和你在一起，而不是拥有更多的东西。你可以和他们一起体验，也可以和他们分享你的技能。可食用的礼物制作起来也很有趣。你不仅能创造新的回忆，在新的一年里有盼头，而且还能避免给他们不想要的东西)”可知，后文提到了创造新的回忆，可知是建议送能制造回忆的礼物。故B选项“送能制造新记忆的礼物”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Makehome-madedecorations.Spendingtimemakingdecorationswithfriendsandfamilyisagreatactivityincolddays.Yourhomewillbecomebeautifulwithhome-madepaperstarsmadeoutofoldnewspapers.Andstickingpapercutstowindowswillbeimpressive.Also,trytouseacookiecuttertocutoutanythingyouwant,starsorevendeer.(自制装饰品。在寒冷的日子里，花时间和朋友和家人一起装饰是一件很棒的事情。用旧报纸自制的纸星星会让你的家变得美丽。在窗户上贴剪纸会让人印象深刻。此外，试着用饼干切割器切出任何你想要的东西，星星甚至鹿)”可知，上文建议用饼干切割器切出任何你想要的东西，星星甚至鹿，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明这一做法的要求。故A选项“让你的想象力尽情发挥吧”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Avoidfoodwaste.Planmealsaheadandthinkaboutwhatyouwilldowithleftovers.(避免食物浪费。提前计划好每顿饭，想想怎么处理剩饭剩菜)”可知，本句主要说明如何应对剩菜剩饭问题。故F选项“如果没有人喜欢某样东西，就没有必要买”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Igotadegreeineducationandhadaninternship(实习)inaprimaryschool.SoIthoughtIwas____21____tobeateacher,andIfeltIwasreadyformyfirstrealjob—teachingpupils.Inthebeginning,I____22____mylessonobjectivesandplans.ThenIbrokedown____23____ideasintosimpleconceptsthatpupilscouldunderstand.Butitturnedouttobea____24____whenIwentintotheclassroom.Icouldn’tkeeptheclass____25____.Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.Allstudentsrushedoutofthedoorimmediatelythebellrang.I____26____mystudentsdidn’tlikeme.IeventhoughtIdidn’thavethe____27____todothejob.However,Ihadnoregretsandcomplaints.Idecidedtoimprovemyteachingability.Ishouldlearnfromthemost____28____teacherIknew-Alice.Shewassospecialthatherstudentslovedherverymuch.Shewasenergeticandbrightlike____29____intheirlives.Theywould____30____herinthehall,givingherhugsandbows.Oneday,Iwasluckytolistenand____31____forawhileinAlice’sclass.Iwaswatchinghercarefully.Whata____32____!Ispentalmostthewholeclassteaching,whileshesetasidemoretimeforherstudentstoparticipateintheclass.“Students’interest____33____most.Theiractiveparticipationinclassroomactivitiesisthekey,”Alicesaid.“Iftheyarenotlearning,wearenotteaching,”she____34____explained.Sincethen,I’vebeenadoptingthemodelofstudent-centeredteaching.Now,mystudentsgraduallylikemyclass,andIalsobeginto____35____iteveryday.21.A.qualified B.confused C.afraid D.sad22.A.doubted B.delayed C.shared D.prepared23.A.foolish B.complex C.unique D.mysterious24.A.fortune B.joy C.failure D.trick25.A.frightened B.focused C.asleep D.active26.A.complained B.denied C.suspected D.regretted27.A.responsibility B.capability C.ambition D.experience28.A.popular B.romantic C.ordinary D.independent29.A.air B.wind C.rain D.sunshine30.A.greet B.protect C.serve D.introduce31.A.speak B.rest C.run D.observe32.A.mess B.contrast C.trouble D.pity33.A.matters B.transforms C.decreases D.struggles34.A.impolitely B.impatiently C.still D.further35.A.thinkhighlyof B.lookforwardto C.sumup D.breakoff【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A31.D32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是新老师，才开始给学生上课的时候遇到了挫折，于是像受欢迎的爱丽丝老师学习，得到了一些上课经验。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我认为我有资格成为一名教师，我觉得我已经为我的第一份真正的工作做好了准备——教学生。A.qualified有资格的；B.confused困惑的；C.afraid害怕的；D.sad悲伤的。根据后文“tobeateacher,andIfeltIwasreadyformyfirstrealjob—teachingpupils”可知，作者认为自己有资格成为一名教师，我故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我准备了我的课程目标和计划。A.doubted怀疑；B.delayed推迟；C.shared分享；D.prepared准备。根据后文“mylessonobjectivesandplans”指准备好课程目标和计划。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我把复杂的想法分解成学生们能理解的简单概念。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.complex复杂的；C.unique独特的；D.mysterious神秘的。根据后文“ideasintosimpleconcepts”可知，把复杂的想法分解成简单概念。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当我走进教室的时候，它却变成了一个失败。A.fortune运气；B.joy快乐；C.failure失败；D.trick诡计。根据后文“Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.(一些学生大声说话，另一些学生跑来跑去)”可知，作者上课失败了。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法让班级集中注意力上课。A.frightened害怕的；B.focused集中的；C.asleep睡着的；D.active活跃的。根据后文“Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.(一些学生大声说话，另一些学生跑来跑去)”可知，作者无法让班级集中注意力上课。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑我的学生不喜欢我。A.complained抱怨；B.denied否认；C.suspected怀疑；D.regretted后悔。根据后文“mystudentsdidn’tlikeme”可知，学生不听话让作者怀疑学生不喜欢自己。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至认为我没有能力做这项工作。A.responsibility责任；B.capability能力；C.ambition抱负；D.experience经历。根据后文“todothejob”可知，作者自我怀疑，认为没有能力做这项工作。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我应该向我认识的最受欢迎的老师——爱丽丝学习。A.popular受欢迎的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.ordinary普通的；D.independent独立的。根据后文“Shewassospecialthatherstudentslovedherverymuch.(她很特别，她的学生都很喜欢她)”可知，爱丽丝老师受学生的欢迎。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她精力充沛，像他们生活中的阳光一样明亮。A.air空气；B.wind风；C.rain雨；D.sunshine阳光。根据上文“brightlike”指爱丽丝像阳光一样，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会在大厅里问候她，给她拥抱和鞠躬。A.greet问候；B.protect保护；C.serve服务；D.introduce介绍。根据后文“herinthehall,givingherhugsandbows”指学生问候爱丽丝老师，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我很幸运地在爱丽丝的课上听了一会儿，观察了一会儿。A.speak说话；B.rest休息；C.run奔跑；D.observe观察。根据后文“forawhileinAlice’sclass”可知，作者在爱丽丝的课堂旁听和观察。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么鲜明的对比啊！A.mess混乱；B.contrast差异；C.trouble麻烦；D.pity遗憾。根据后文“Ispentalmostthewholeclassteaching,whileshesetasidemoretimeforherstudentstoparticipateintheclass.(我几乎用了整节课的时间来授课，而她则留出了更多的时间让她的学生参与课堂)”可知，爱丽丝的课和作者的课形成了对比。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“学生的兴趣最重要。”A.matters重要；B.transforms转换；C.decreases减少；D.struggles努力。根据后文“Theiractiveparticipationinclassroomactivitiesisthekey(他们积极参与课堂活动是关键)”可知，学生的兴趣最重要。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果他们不学习，我们就不教，”她进一步解释道。A.impolitely粗鲁地；B.impatiently不耐烦地；C.still仍然；D.further进一步。上文“Iftheyarenotlearning,wearenotteaching”是爱丽丝对于教学的进一步解释。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我的学生逐渐喜欢上了我的课，我也开始每天都期待着它。A.thinkhighlyof高度评价；B.lookforwardto期待；C.sum