浙江省湖州市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末调研测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省湖州市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末调研测英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)，第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’sweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.2.Whenwillthewomanreturn?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnFriday.3.Howmanytestsdocsthewomanhavetotaketoday?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabookstore.B.Atalibrary.C.Attheman’shome.5.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetoysintotal?A.$10.B.$30.C.$40.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)所下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatkindofpersonisMr.Smith?A.Humorous.B.Kind.C.Generous7.WhatdoesthemanlearnfromMr.Smith?A.Maths.B.Historicstories.C.Jokes.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwilltheplanetakeoff?A.At4:50.B.At6:30.C.At7:30.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Bytaxi.B.Byunderground.C.Bybus.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Colleagues.11.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMs.White?A.Formal.B.Casual.C.Mean.12.HowoftendothewomanandMs.Whitehaveaget-together?A.EveryFriday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Onceamonth.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoarethetwospeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Husbandandwife.C.Parentandchild.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.15.Whatdessertwillbeservedatthedinnerparty?A.Pie.B.Cookies.C.Acake16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Dosomecleaning.B.Invitetheguests.C.Decoratethehouse.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Exerciseandhealth.B.Trafficandpollution.C.Lifeandwork.18.Whatarecityplannerstryingtodo?A.Keepoutcars.B.Addmorebuses.C.Closeshopsinthecitycenter.19.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetothepracticeofcityplanners?A.Uncertain.B.Supportive.C.Opposed.20.Whatcanwedotomakeadifferenceaccordingtothespeaker?A.Makesensibledecisions.B.Spendmoneywisely.C.Helppeopleunderstandtheproblems.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWithahugevarietyofanimals,plants,andgeologicalfeatures,it’snosurprisetheRockyMountainshostmanynationalparksinboththeUSandCanada.HereareafewofthenationalparksintheregiondedicatedtopreservingtheuniqueenvironmentsoftheRockyMountains.RockyMountainNationalParkThefirstofthegreatnationalparksintheRockyMountains,thisparkincludes415squaremilesoflandacrosstheContinentalDivide.Becauseofitssize,visitorscanexperiencehighmountainpeaks,grassyvalleys,hiddenalpinelakes,andbeautifulwaterfalls.RockclimberscanscaleathousandfeetupthesheerrockcliffsofLongsPeak,andtherearemanyhikingtrails.YellowstoneNationalParkYellowstoneisprobablyoneofthemostwell-knownnationalparks.PresidentUlyssessS.GrantdesignatedYellowstoneastheveryfirstnationalparkintheUnitedStatesonMarch1,1872.Itisfamousforitshotsprings,boilingmud,fumarolesandgeyserssuchasOldFaithful,whichshootsboilingwatermorethan100feetintotheair.Yellowstonealsohasitsowncanyonandmagnificentwaterfall.Visitorscanseebison,elk,wolvesandgrizzlybears.GrandTetonNationalParkTravelerscanleaveYellowstoneonaparkwaythatbringsthemrighttoGrandTetonNationalPark,justnorthofJackson,Wyoming.Humanshavelivedintheareaformorethan11,000years,andtracesofthishistorycanbefoundthroughoutthepark.GrandTetonhasmanyopportunitiesforhiking,camping,boating,rockclimbing,andviewingwildlife,aswellasamazingviewsoftheGrandTetonMountainRange.BanffNationalParkBanffNationalParkislocatednearCalgary,inAlberta,Canada.BanffwasCanada’sfirstnationalpark,andisknownforitsmountainpeaks,itshundredsofglaciers,andglacier-fedlakessuchasLakeLouise.Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.1.Whichofthefollowingbestsuitswintersportslovers?A.RockyMountainNationalPark. B.YellowstoneNationalPark.C.GrandTetonNationalPark. D.BanffNationalPark.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.RockyMountainNationalParkhasitsowncanyon.B.YellowstoneNationalParkarefamousforcampsites.C.GrandTetonNationalParkenjoysthelongesthistory.D.BanffNationalParkisthefirstnationalparkinCanada.3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Awildlifeguidebook.〖答案〗1.D2.D3.B【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园以及旅游特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.(班夫有许多徒步小径和露营地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，班夫国家公园最适合冬季运动爱好者。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“BanffwasCanada’sfirstnationalpark,andisknownforitsmountainpeaks,itshundredsofglaciers,andglacier-fedlakessuchasLakeLouise.(班夫是加拿大的第一个国家公园，以其山峰、数百座冰川和路易斯湖等冰川湖泊而闻名)”可知，班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Withahugevarietyofanimals,plants,andgeologicalfeatures,it’snosurprisetheRockyMountainshostmanynationalparksinboththeUSandCanada.HereareafewofthenationalparksintheregiondedicatedtopreservingtheuniqueenvironmentsoftheRockyMountains.(落基山脉拥有种类繁多的动物、植物和地质特征，因此在美国和加拿大拥有许多国家公园也就不足为奇了。这里有几个国家公园致力于保护落基山脉的独特环境)”以及最后一段“Banffhasmanyhikingtrailsandcampsites,andwintervisitorssnowshoe,ski,andskate.(班夫有许多徒步小径和露营地，冬季游客可以穿雪鞋、滑雪和滑冰)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个国家公园以及旅游特色。由此推知，文章做可能选自一本旅游手册。故选B。BIn1996,someonefoundsomeveryoldclothesinanoldmineinNevada,USA;theyincludedapairofdirtyoldjeans.Today,thosejeansareveryvaluable,andtheyarenowintheLeviStraussArchivalCollection,inSanFrancisco.Thejeans,whichareover140yearsold,aretheoldestpairofLevi’s501jeansintheworld.Theyarealmostthesameasamodernpairof501’s;therearejustsomesmalldifferencesinthedetailForinstance,today’s501’shavetwobackpockets,theoldpairjusthasone.In1853,ayoungtailorfromGermany,calledLeviStrauss,beganworkinginSanFrancisco;Levisoldthickcanvastominers;theminersusedthecanvastomaketents.Oneday,aminertoldLevithathecouldnotfindtrousersthatwerestrongenoughforworkinthegoldmines.Levidecidedtomakesometrousersoutofcanvas.Verysoon,hehadsoldallthecanvastrousershe’dmade!Theywerejustwhatminerswanted.However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;itwascalledsergedeNimes.AmericansjustcalledthisdeNimes,andthisnamesoongotreducedtodenim.Denimwasabitlighterthancanvasbutitwasverystrong:itwasidealforminers.However,originaldenimwasalmostwhite,andminersdidnotlikethecolor!Theirdenimtrousersgotdirtyassoonastheybeganworking!LeviStraussthereforedecidedtousecoloreddenim,andhechosedarkblue.In1873,hebegantomakedenimtrouserswithmetalrivetstomakethemstronger.Thiswasaradicalnewidea:“Bluejeans”hadarrived!Levi’sjeansweresopopular,thathiscompanygotbiggerandbigger,soon,otherfirmsweremakingbluejeanstoo.Minerslikedthem,butsodidcowboysandotherworkingmen.BluejeansbecameclassicAmericanworkingtrousers.AftertheSecondWorldWar,jeansbecamepopularallovertheworld.Today,bluejeansarenowtheinternationaluniformwornbyyoungpeople.4.WhydidLevistarttomakejeansatfirst?A.Tostartabusiness. B.Tomakeuseofcanvas.C.Tomakeadifference. D.Tomeettheminers’needs.5.Whatdoyouknowabout“denim”?A.Itwasoriginallydarkblue.B.ItwasintroducedfromFrance.C.Itwasthoughtlittleofbycowboys.D.Itwasheavyandstiffcomparedtocanvas.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLevi?A.Diligentandhonest. B.Innovativeanddevoted.C.Nobleandpersistent. D.Generousandwarm-hearted.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Acreativetailor. B.Along-existingtrend.C.Theoriginofjeans. D.Thefamousbrandofjeans.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.B7.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是牛仔裤的由来。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Oneday,aminertoldLevithathecouldnotfindtrousersthatwerestrongenoughforworkinthegoldmines.Levidecidedtomakesometrousersoutofcanvas.(一天，一个矿工告诉Levi，他找不到在金矿工作时穿的结实的裤子。Levi决定用帆布做一些裤子。)”可知，有矿工告诉Levi他们找不到在金矿工作时结实的裤子，Levi决定用帆布做一些裤子，由此可知，Levi最初作牛仔裤是为了满足矿工的需要。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;itwascalledsergedeNimes.AmericansjustcalledthisdeNimes,andthisnamesoongotreducedtodenim.(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi开始寻找一种不同的纺织品；很快，他找到了一件来自法国的重纺织品；它叫sergedeNimes。美国人把它叫做deNimes，这个名字很快就变成了denim。)”可知，denim是Levi寻找到的以一种纺织布，原来叫做sergedeNimes，使用来自于法国的重纺织品，叫做sergedeNimes，由此可知，denim是从法国引进的。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“LeviStraussthereforedecidedtousecoloreddenim,andhechosedarkblue.In1873,hebegantomakedenimtrouserswithmetalrivetstomakethemstronger.(因此，Levi决定使用彩色牛仔布，他选择了深蓝色。1873年，他开始制作带有金属铆钉的牛仔裤，以使其更加坚固。)”可知，在了解到矿工不喜欢白色的牛仔布时，Levi开始选择使用深蓝色，为使牛仔裤坚固，开始制作带有金属铆钉的牛仔裤，由此可知，Levi是一个很有创新能力的人，根据第六段中的“However,thecanvaswasratherheavyandstiffLevithereforebegantolookforadifferenttextile;soonhefoundaheavytextilefromFrance;(然而，帆布又重又硬，因此Levi开始寻找一种不同的纺织品；很快，他找到了一件来自法国的重纺织品)”可知，在发现帆布存在的问题后Levi开始寻找不同的纺织品，最后找到了来自于法国的重纺织品，由此可知，Levi是一个全心全意的人，由此可知，Levi是一个富有创新思想和全心全意的人。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据首段“In1996,someonefoundsomeveryoldclothesinanoldmineinNevada,USA;theyincludedapairofdirtyoldjeans.Today,thosejeansareveryvaluable,andtheyarenowintheLeviStraussArchivalCollection,inSanFrancisco.Thejeans,whichareover140yearsold,aretheoldestpairofLevi’s501jeansintheworld.(1996年，有在美国内华达州的一个旧矿里发现了一些非常旧的衣服；其中包括一条又脏又旧的牛仔裤。今天，这些牛仔裤非常有价值，它们现在在旧金山的Levi档案收藏中。这条牛仔裤有140多年的历史，是世界上最古老的Levi的501牛仔裤。)”可知，本段介绍1996年发现的一件牛仔裤是世界上最古老的牛仔裤，它是Levi的501牛仔裤，由此引出本文讲述的话题，结合下文中介绍的Levi制造牛仔裤的原因，选择牛仔裤的用料和以及颜色的改进可知，本文主要介绍的是牛仔裤的由来。故选C项。CTheAmazonrainforestspreadsacrossnineSouthAmericancountriesbutmostofit(60%)isinBrazil.Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoreversethedamagecausedbydeforestationandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.Amazoniandarkearth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.ADEisakindofcompost—asoilmadefromdeadplantsandanimals.Variouskindsofcompostaresoldingardeningcentersaroundtheworld,butADEisunique.Itwascreatedbyindigenouspeople(thedescendantsofpeoplewholivedsomewherebeforeanotherculturearrivedandtookover)fromtheAmazonbetween2,000and2,500yearsago.TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes,includingbacteriathathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofthemuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide,agasthatcauseclimatechange.ToseeiftheAmazon’sspecialsoilcouldhelp,thescientistsgrewgrassesandtreesinADE,regularearthandamixtureofboth.TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.ADEtakeshundredsofyearstocreate,sothescientistscan’tsimplymakemore.Teammember,Dr.SiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.8.WhatareBrazilianscientiststryingtodo?A.Tobringforestsback. B.Tomeasuredamage.C.Toreducefarmland. D.Todigoutancientsoil.9.WhatmadetheAmazoniandarkearthspecial?A.Deadplants. B.Animalbones. C.Foodwaste. D.Bacteriainside.10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thereasonsforcuttingdownforests. B.Thebenefitsofraisingcattle.C.Thesignificanceofforestecosystems. D.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.11.WhichofthefollowingmightDr.Siuagreewith?A.Amazoniandarkearthishelpfultomicrobes.B.Amazoniandarkearthisproducedinlargequantities.C.Microbesarebeneficialtotherevivalofforests.D.Microbesarethecharacteristicsofthenaturalhabitats.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西科学家发现当地亚马逊森林中的黑土可能可以帮助人们恢复森林生态系统，这种黑土富含有益的微生物，有助于土壤中成分的转化，帮助植物的生长，但这种黑土形成所需的时间较长，因此科学家只能通过复刻其特征来尝试恢复自然栖息地。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoreversethedamagecausedbydeforestationandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.(巴西科学家认为，他们可能已经找到了一种方法，可以扭转森林砍伐造成的破坏，让农田重新变成森林。秘密在于当地古老的土壤知识)”可知，这些科学家在尝试恢复被破坏的森林。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes,includingbacteriathathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.(亚马逊人，今天被称为美洲印第安人，用木炭、动物骨头、食物垃圾和粪便创造了亚马逊黑土。它含有微生物，包括有助于将土壤中的化学物质转化为植物和树木所需的有用营养物质的细菌)”可知，亚马逊黑土的特别之处在于亚马逊人创造它的方法使它最终含有一些细菌，有利于土壤成分的转化。故选D项。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofthemuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide,agasthatcauseclimatechange.(科学家们正在寻找一种将草原变回雨林并恢复森林生态系统的方法。这些系统滋养成千上万的动植物物种，其中许多是该地区独有的。森林还会吸收大量二氧化碳，这是一种导致气候变化的气体)”可知，本段主要介绍恢复森林生态系统带来的好处，包括滋养特有的生物，以及吸收二氧化碳，即森林生态系统的重要性。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Teammember,Dr.SiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.(团队成员SiuMuiTsai博士说，相反，他们想尝试“复制它的特征”，尤其是它的有益微生物，看看它是否有助于恢复自然栖息地)”可知，他希望通过创造与亚马逊黑土类似的物质，尤其是其中的有益微生物，来恢复自然栖息地。由此推知，他会赞同“微生物对森林的恢复是有益的”的观点。故选C项。DDoesiteverseemlikesomethingisgoingonwithourattentionspans?GloriaMark,anattentionresearcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,saysthereisscientificevidencethatattentionspanshaveshrunkconsiderably.“Westartedstudyingattentionspanlengthover20yearsago,”Marksaid.“In2003,wefoundthatattentionspansaveragedabouttwo-and-a-halfminutesonanyscreenbeforepeopleswitched,Inthepastfive,sixyears,theyareaveraging47secondsonthescreen.”Markmaintainsthatashorterattentionspanhasthreedownsides:Thefirstisthatpeoplemakemoreerrorswhentheydoattentionshifting;seconddownsideisthatittakeslongertodosomething,becausewehavetoadjusttoeverynewtaskeverytimeweshift;thethirddownside—maybethisistheworstofall—isthatstressincreases.Whenpeopleareworkingonmultipletasksandtheyhavetoshifttheirattention,theirbloodpressurerises.Youdon’thavetobeaprofessortoguessatthecauseofourgreatdistractability:It’stechnology,ofcourse-phones,socialmedia,texting.Itmightbehardtothinkofthelasttimeyouevenhadatech-freehour.Sosheofferedacoupleoftipsforstayingfocused:First,whenyoufeeltheitchtochangetasks,analyzewhy.Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延症),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.Second,pictureyourselfattheendoftheday.Whatdoyouwanttohaveaccomplished?Whatdoyouwanttofeel?“Aconcretevisualizationofyourselfsittingonthecouch,youknow,watchingyourfavouriteshowisreallygoodmotivation,”shesaid.Theinternethasthisincredibleresourceavailabletous,soratherthanbeupsetbyitbecauseitdistractsus,howcanweturnthataroundandinsteadfindvaluefromit?AndhowcanweutilizeourtimebestwhenweusetheresourcesfromtheInternetwithoutgettingexhaustedfromit?ThesequestionsarewhatGloriaMarkwillfocusoninhersubsequentresearch.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Negativeeffectsofshortattentionspans. B.Benefitsoflongattentionspans.C.Causesofshortattentionspans. D.Waystodealwithshortattentionspans.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinpara.3probablymean?A.Necessity. B.Courage. C.Desire D.Choice14.WhichofthefollowingmayGloriaMarksuggest?A.Imaginingwhatyouwillaccomplishattheendofthedayisawasteoftime.B.Multitaskingisagoodwaytoextendourattentionspan.C.Itisnecessarytothinktwicebeforeshiftingyourtasks.D.We’dbettersaynototheinternetsometimesasitdistractsus.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AreOurAttentionSpansGettingShorter? B.HowDoWeLivewiththeInternet?C.IsMultitaskingPossible? D.WhatCanWeDotoMakeOurAttentionSpansLonger?〖答案〗12.A13.C14.C15.D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短。文章说明了较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点、注意力持续时间变短的原因以及我们如何应对的建议。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Markmaintainsthatashorterattentionspanhasthreedownsides:Thefirstisthatpeoplemakemoreerrorswhentheydoattentionshifting;seconddownsideisthatittakeslongertodosomething,becausewehavetoadjusttoeverynewtaskeverytimeweshift;thethirddownside—maybethisistheworstofall—isthatstressincreases.Whenpeopleareworkingonmultipletasksandtheyhavetoshifttheirattention,theirbloodpressurerises.(马克认为，较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点：首先，人们在注意力转移时犯了更多的错误；第二个缺点是，做某件事需要更长的时间，因为每次转换时，我们都必须适应每一项新任务；第三个缺点——也许是最糟糕的——是压力增加。当人们同时处理多项任务，不得不转移注意力时，他们的血压就会升高)”可知，第二段的主要内容是注意力持续时间短的负面影响。故选A。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延症),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.(如果只是无聊或拖延，跟自己约定再工作20分钟，然后给自己一个奖励)”可知，马克建议当你渴望改变任务的时候，要分析一下原因，来让自己保持专注。故划线词意思是“渴望”。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sosheofferedacoupleoftipsforstayingfocused:First,whenyoufeeltheitchtochangetasks,analyzewhy.Ifit’sjustboredomorprocrastination(拖延症),makeadealwithyourselftoworkanother20minutes,andthentreatyourselftoareward.(因此，她提供了一些保持专注的建议：首先，当你想要改变任务时，分析一下原因。如果只是无聊或拖延，跟自己约定再工作20分钟，然后给自己一个奖励)”可知，格洛丽亚·马克建议在改变你的任务之前，有必要三思而后行。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Doesiteverseemlikesomethingisgoingonwithourattentionspans?GloriaMark,anattentionresearcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,saysthereisscientificevidencethatattentionspanshaveshrunkconsiderably.(我们的注意力有没有出现过变化？加利福尼亚大学的注意力研究员GloriaMark表示，有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短)”结合文章主要说明了有科学证据表明，注意力持续时间已经大幅缩短。文章说明了较短的注意力持续时间有三个缺点、注意力持续时间变短的原因以及我们如何应对的建议。由此可知，D选项“我们能做些什么来延长注意力的持续时间？”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouhavemountainsofhomeworkandstudyingahead,gettingstartedcanseemlikeanimpossibletask.____16____Readontolearnhowtostopprocrastinating(拖延)onstudying,focusevenwhenyou’retired,andgetmotivatedtodoyourschoolwork!Startwithyoureasiesttasktogettheballrolling.____17____Whenyoureallydon’tfeellikegettingstarted,it’sbettertosetyourselfupforaquickwin.Tryworkingfromtheshortesttothemosttime-intensivetask,andworkfromeasiestprojecttothehardest.Onceyoufinishasmallsteportwo,you’llgetanawesomesenseofaccomplishmentthat’llmakeiteasiertokeepgoing!____18____Pickafewtasksyoucanaccomplishinjustonesitting.Divideyourlargerstudyinggoalsintosmall,concretesteps.Identifyspecific,achievablegoalsthatyoucanworkononeatatime.Thisway,youcanmakegoodprogress,andachievingeachgoalwillmakeyoufeelaccomplishedattheendofyourstudysession.Rewardyourselfwhenyoucompleteatask.Treatyourselftohelpyoustaymotivatedandmakestudyingfun.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofastudysession,youcantakeaquickwalk,eatagranolabar,orlistentoafavoritesong.____19____Workwithyourfriendsoratutor.Positivepeerpressurecanbeagreatmotivator!Unlessworkingwithotherscreatesmoreofadistraction,findastudybuddyorgroupyoucancollaboratewith.____20____Ifgroupstudyingdoesn’tworkforyou,findatutorwhocanhelpyouworkthroughyourassignments.A.Breakdownyourworkintosmallerpieces.B.Setgoalstogether,andcheck-inalongtheway.C.Makethingslessstressfulbystartingwithjustasmalltask.D.Tryafreshapproachtoyourstudiesifyou’resickofreadingandwriting.E.We’llteachyouhowtogetintotherightframeofmindbeforeyoustartstudying.F.Ifyou’vefinishedyourstudysession,feelfreetowinddownbyplayingavideogame.G.Ifyou’retoattendacollege,eachsmallstudymeetingwillgetyouclosertoyourdream.〖答案〗16.E17.C18.A19.F20.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成功完成作业的建议。【16题详析】根据上文“Whenyouhavemountainsofhomeworkandstudyingahead,gettingstartedcanseemlikeanimpossibletask.(当你有堆积如山的作业和学习时，开始似乎是一项不可能完成的任务)”以及后文“Readontolearnhowtostopprocrastinating(拖延)onstudying,focusevenwhenyou’retired,andgetmotivatedtodoyourschoolwork!(继续往下读，学习如何在学习上不再拖延，即使累了也要集中精力，并且有动力去做功课！)”可知，后文主要介绍了如何完成作业，集中精力有动力去做功课，故E选项“我们会教你如何在开始学习之前进入正确的心态”符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Startwithyoureasiesttasktogettheballrolling.(从你最简单的任务开始)”以及后文“Whenyoureallydon’tfeellikegettingstarted,it’sbettertosetyourselfupforaquickwin.Tryworkingfromtheshortesttothemosttime-intensivetask,andworkfromeasiestprojecttothehardest.Onceyoufinishasmallsteportwo,you’llgetanawesomesenseofaccomplishmentthat’llmakeiteasiertokeepgoing!(当你真的不想开始的时候，最好让自己做好快速获胜的准备。试着从最短的任务到最耗时的任务，从最简单的项目到最难的项目。一旦你完成了一两小步，你就会有一种很棒的成就感，这会让你更容易继续前进！)”可知，本段的建议是从最简单的任何开始，从最短的任务到最耗时的任务，且提到了完成了一两小步。由此可知，此处在建议把任务分成小任务去完成，并说明这么做的原因。故C选项“从一个小任务开始，减轻压力”符合语境，故选C。【18题详析】根据本段内容“Pickafewtasksyoucanaccomplishinjustonesitting.Divideyourlargerstudyinggoalsintosmall,concretesteps.Identifyspecific,achievablegoalsthatyoucanworkononeatatime.Thisway,youcanmakegoodprogress,andachievingeachgoalwillmakeyoufeelaccomplishedattheendofyourstudysession.(挑选一些你可以一次完成的任务。把大的学习目标分成小的、具体的步骤。确定具体的，可实现的目标，你可以一次完成一个。这样，你可以取得很好的进步，实现每个目标会让你在学习结束时感到很有成就感)”可知，本段的建议是把大的学习目标分成小的、具体的步骤，故A选项“把你的工作分成更小的部分”符合语境，故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Rewardyourselfwhenyoucompleteatask.Treatyourselftohelpyoustaymotivatedandmakestudyingfun.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofastudysession,youcantakeaquickwalk,eatagranolabar,orlistentoafavoritesong.(完成任务后奖励自己。善待自己，让自己保持动力，让学习变得有趣。如果你正在学习，你可以散个步，吃个格兰诺拉麦片，或者听一首喜欢的歌)”可知，本段建议完成任何后奖励自己，本句为本段最后一句，故与上文并列，都是就如何奖励自己进行举例。故F选项“如果你已经完成了学习，可以打个电子游戏放松一下”符合语境，故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Workwithyourfriendsoratutor.Positivepeerpressurecanbeagreatmotivator!Unlessworkingwithotherscreatesmoreofadistraction,findastudybuddyorgroupyoucancollaboratewith.(和你的朋友或家庭教师一起学习。积极的同伴压力是一个很好的动力！除非和别人一起学习会让你分心，否则找一个可以合作的学习伙伴或小组)”可知，本句承接上文具体说明如何和学习伙伴或小组一起学习，故B选项“共同设定目标，并在此过程中进行检查”符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Most13-year-oldsmighthavespentthosethreeyearspreoccupiedwithschoolworkorhangingoutwithmates.Oneteenager,however,spenthisnightssleepingina____21____toraisemoneyforthehospice(安养院)thatlookedafterhisfriend.Now,MaxWooseyhasdecidedtogobackindoorsafterthreeyearsandhisyears-longfundraisingcampaignhas____22____morethan£700,000incharitabledonations.“Ilovecamping,it’soneofmy____23____thingsandI’mdefinitelygoingtomissit,”hesaid.“Ithinkthehighlightwouldhavetobethesecondcampout,____24____thatyearwasthehardest.”“Thefirstyearwasquitenicebutthesecondwas____25____andtherewereworsestorms.Itwasreally____26____formebecauseallmyfriendsandfamilywerethere.”Hesaidthatalthoughthewindandrainprovedtobe____27____adversaries(对手),itwaslastsummer’sheatwavethatalmost____28____himtoreturntothecomfortsofhisbedroom.“____29____,itwashorrible,andwhenthere’saheatwaveyourtentturnsintoagreenhouse.Itwasabsolutelyboiling,”hesaid.Ontheprospectofsleepinginsideona____30____basisagain,hesaid:“Ithinkit’sgoingtobeweird(怪异的)thefirstfewnightsbutIthinkitistimetocomeinsidenow.Therearefuture____31____thatwearehopingcanbecomepossible.ItisgoingtobestrangebutI’mjustgoingtohaveto____32____it.”SpeakingtoITV’sGoodMorningBritain,hesaid:“MyfriendRickwasabsolutelyamazing.He____33____theoutdoors,heenjoyedsportsandwegotalongreallywell.TheNorthDevonhospicejusttookbrilliantcareofhimandIwantedtosaythankyouinthe____34____wayIcould.SoIstartedsleepingoutsideandItriedtoraiseasmuchmoneyasIcouldforthem.”DonationswillgotoNorthDevonhospice,whichwillmakea____35____tothepatientsandfamilies.21.A.hotel B.house C.bedroom D.tent22.A.raised B.donated C.saved D.earned23.A.efficient B.ridiculous C.dangerous D.favourite24.A.but B.because C.so D.unless25.A.easier B.strongerC.tougher D.nicer26.A.helpful B.meaningful C.terrible D.simple27.A.brilliant B.committed C.reliable D.tricky28.A.forced B.troubled C.commanded D.banned29.A.Apparently B.Certainly C.Honestly D.Equally30.A.sound B.regular C.voluntary D.occasional31.A.adventures B.journeys C.applications D.generations32.A.takeover B.passover C.getover D.engagein33.A.respected B.recalled C.annoyed D.loved34.A.biggest B.hardest C.earliest D.easiest35.A.proposal B.contribution C.difference D.donation〖答案〗21.D22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述13岁少年MaxWoosey通过在野外露营来进行慈