天津市滨海新区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市滨海新区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题第Ⅰ卷听力(满分30分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A．Apet.B．Acar.C．Ajob.2．Whydoesthegirlfeelsurprised?A．Theboyspentallhismoneysoquickly.B．Theboycouldn’tpaythemoneyback.C．Theboyaskedtheirmotherformoneyagain.3．Whatisthewomandoingnow?A．Makingafunnyvideo.B．Readinganovel.C．Watchingacomedy.4．What’stheweatherlikenowinthewoman’scity?A．Rainy.B．Sunny.C．Windy.5．Wheredoesthewomanplantogofirst?A．Totheairport.B．Toataxicompany.C．Toashop.第二节(共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分)听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。6．Howdoesthewomansoundatfirstaccordingtotheman?A．Respectful.B．Impolite.C．Helpful.7．Whoisprobablytheman?A．Achemistinadrugstore.B．Aprofessorinauniversity.C．Astudentinahighschool.8．Wheredoesthewomanprobablyhopetoworkinthefuture?A．Inauniversity.B．Inahospital.C．Atanewspaper.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。9．Howlonghasthemanhadthecomputer?A．Foraboutamonth.B．Foraboutthreemonths.C．Foraboutthreeyears.10．Whatwillthemanprobablydowiththecomputer?A．Haveitrepaired.B．Throwitaway.C．Continueusingitasbefore.11．Wherearemostprobablythespeakers?A．Inacomputerstore.B．Inacafe.C．Inaclassroom.听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。12．WherewillProfessorCathyBerggiveatalk?A．IntheUnionTheater.B．Inthelecturehall.C．Intheblueroom.13．WhatcanstudentsdoattheEnglishcomerinthemainbuildingat3:30pm?A．Discussnewactivities.B．MeettheStudentUnionmembers.C．Talkwithtwoprofessors.14．AtwhattimedoesBellaMulder’sshowbegin?A．7:00p.m.B．8:30p.m.C．9:00p.m.15．HowmuchisaticketforthemovieForrestGump?A．$7.B．$6.C．$5.第Ⅱ卷选择题(满分90分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分52.5分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.—IhavebeenlearningEnglishforabout5months.—!YourEnglishissogood.A.Youcan'tbeserious B.YougotitC.Icouldn'tagreemore D.I'mstuck〖答案〗A〖解析〗考查情景交际。句意：——我学英语已经有5个月了。——你一定是在开玩笑。你英语那么好。A.Youcan'tbeserious你一定是在开玩笑；B.Yougotit没问题；C.Icouldn'tagreemore我完全同意；D.I'mstuck我被卡住了！根据后文“YourEnglishissogood.”可知回答者认为对方英语很好，根本不需要学习英语，所以认为对方是在开玩笑。故选A。2.________computergamesisthereason________heisabsent-mindedinclass.A.Beingaddictedto;that B.Addictedto;whyC.Beingaddictedto;why D.Addictedto;that〖答案〗C〖解析〗考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：沉迷于电脑游戏是他上课心不在焉的原因。beaddictedto为固定短语，表示“沉迷于”，分析句子结构可知，空处作句子主语，应用其动名词形式，即beingaddictedto，第二空引导定语从句，修饰先行词thereason，先行词指原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导从句。故选C。3.GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.A.As B.What C.It D.That〖答案〗B〖解析〗考查主语从句。句意：去黄山使我想起了披头士乐队的那首流行歌曲《漫漫长路》。这段经历最令人惊叹的是（它所呈现的）世界之外的景色。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代“经历的事情”应用what。故选B。4.Wewillbepostingaseriesof__________regularlyformnowonsothosewhoreadourpostswon’tbeconcernedaboutus.A.issues B.updates C.descriptions D.schedules〖答案〗B〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们。A.issues发行；B.updates最新消息；C.descriptions描写；D.schedules计划。根据句意可知，为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示“最新消息”，应用updates，故选B。5.Thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanracecouldbe______bynuclearmissilesjustatthepushofabutton.A.wipedout B.givenaway C.putup D.takenoff〖答案〗A〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：最大的恐惧是，只要按下一个按钮，人类就可能被核导弹消灭。A.wipedout消灭；B.givenaway赠送；C.putup张贴；D.takenoff起飞。根据后文“bynuclearmissilesjustatthepushofabutton”指人类被核导弹消灭。故选A。6.Unfortunately,whenwedroppedin,MrSmith______forIndonesiatorescuetheinjuredpeoplethere,sohecouldsparelittletimeforafewwords.A.hasjustleft B.justleft C.hadjustleft D.wasjustleaving〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查时态。句意：不幸的是，当我们造访时，Smith先生正要动身去印度尼西亚去救那些伤员，所以他几乎没能抽点跟我们讲几句话。根据句意，Smith先生几乎没能抽时间跟我们讲几句话，说明他当时还没有离开，只是即将离开，正要离开，所以选择过去进行时表示过去即将，正要做….。故选D项。7.Thissmallbutunexpectedsuccesscan______formanyotherlessfortunatecases.A.assist B.multiply C.endure D.compensate〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小而意外的成功可以弥补许多其他不幸的案例。A.assist帮助；B.multiply大大增加；C.endure持续存在；D.compensate补偿。根据后文“formanyotherlessfortunatecases”可知，指小而意外的成功可以弥补许多其他不幸的案例，短语compensatefor表示“补偿”。故选D。8.—Tom,youhavewonthecompetitionagain!—Themostimportantadvice______I’dliketogiveistogoallout.A.where B.what C.how D.that〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查定语从句。句意：——汤姆，你又赢得了比赛！——我想给的最重要的建议是全力以赴。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词advice，指物，关系词在从句作宾语，且先行词前面有最高级修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故选D。9.Forme,Snow’swriting,RedStaroverChina______,isamust-readforanyonewithaninterestinthatperiod.A.invain B.inadvance C.inparticular D.intime〖答案〗C〖解析〗考查介词短语辨析。句意：对我来说，斯诺的作品，尤其是《红星照耀中国》，是任何对那个时期感兴趣的人的必读之作。A.invain徒劳地；B.inadvance提前；C.inparticular尤其，特别；D.intime及时。根据后文“isamust-read”指斯诺的作品中，尤其是《红星照耀中国》是任何对那个时期感兴趣的人的必读之作。应用inparticular。故选C。10.I______mygrandmotheratthreeo’clockthisafternoon.A.willvisit B.willhavevisited C.amvisiting D.willbevisiting〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查时态。句意：今天下午三点我将去看望我的祖母。分析句子结构，根据时间状语atthreeo’clockthisafternoon可知句子表示的是在将来某个时间正在进行的动作，句子时态使用将来进行时，故选D项。11.—Isthenewjobarealchallengeforhim?—Well,______difficultieshemeets,Ibelievehewillneverloseheart.A.whenever B.however C.whichever D.whatever〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查让步状语从句。句意：——这份新工作对他来说真的是个挑战吗？——不管他遇到什么困难，我相信他永远不会灰心。A.whenever每当，无论何时；B.however无论以何种方式，不管怎样；C.whichever任何一个，无论哪个；D.whatever无论什么。此处引导让步状语从句，连接词修饰名词difficulties，指“无论什么困难”，应用whatever引导。故选D。12.______theemployersmokingintheofficemadethemanagerratherangry.A.Finding B.Find C.Found D.Beingfound〖答案〗A〖解析〗考查非谓语动词。句意：发现雇主在办公室抽烟，经理很生气。分析句子结构可知，空处需要动名词作主语。根据句意可知，发现雇主在办公室抽烟让经理很生气，此处表示主动含义。故选A。13.Theoldwomanhastwodogsandthreecats,______playwithherhappily.A.andallofwhich B.allofthem C.andallofthat D.allofwhich〖答案〗D〖解析〗考查定语从句。句意：这位老妇人有两只狗和三只猫，它们都和她玩得很开心。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词twodogsandthreecats，表示“全部”应用allof，作介词的宾语，指物，应用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。14.Similarly,suchdevelopmentsaremakingthelinebetweenartandtechnologyless______.A.worthy B.enthusiastic C.distinct D.delightful〖答案〗C〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样，这些发展也使艺术和技术之间的界限变得不那么明显。A.worthy值得的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.distinct明显的；D.delightful令人愉快的。根据上文“suchdevelopmentsaremakingthelinebetweenartandtechnologyless”可知，此处指发展使艺术和技术之间的界限变得不那么明显，应用distinct。故选C。15.HavingbeeninvitedtodinnerataUniversity,hewas______whenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.A.followedinhisfootsteps B.putonthespotC.beyondhisexpectations D.setinmotion〖答案〗B〖解析〗考查习惯用语辨析。句意：应邀到一所大学参加晚宴，校长突然请他发表演讲，这让他措手不及。A.followedinhisfootsteps追随他的脚步；B.putonthespot使陷入困境；C.beyondhisexpectations出乎意料；D.setinmotion启动。根据下文“whenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech(校长突然请他发表演讲)”可推理出空白处应填表示“使陷入困境”含义的表达，故选B项。第二节完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mygreat-grandmaisnow102.“MissMartha”,asshehasbecomeknownatherseniorhome,hasdevelopedareputationforbeing___16___.Ialwaysenjoy___17___toherbecausesheisfullofcaring___18___,willingtosharelifelessons.OnedaywhenIwenttovisitmygreat-grandma,shesatinachairandsaidtome,“Caleb,youmustbe___19___andstayalivetoreachyourgoals.So,takecareofyourbodyand___20___oryou’llneverreachyourbiggestdreams.”Sheknowsathingortwoaboutgoals:Shestill___21___tokeepplayingthepianofortheweeklyseniorhomesingalongandtohave“fivemoreyears”.Mygreat-grandma___22___wenttotheOlympics,ownedabusiness,orwroteabook.Shesaidthatherdreamswere___23___:tohaveenoughfoodtoshare,tobehealthyandtosurvivechallenges.Assheleaned(倚靠)back,sheproudlytalkedaboutherfamilymembers’___24___:Afterfifteenyearsofcountlesssurgeries,herdaughtercould____25____onherownandraiseafamily.OtherfamilymemberscompetedintheOlympicgames,rantheirownbusinesses,orbecamea(n)____26____readbymostpeople.Yetmygreat-grandmawasparticularly____27____ofseeingherfamilyserveothersandtrytomakea____28____.“Youknow,membersofourfamilyare____29____theirgoals,andthat’senoughforme,”shesaid.ButIknowshehasalsoreachedherowngoals.Overtheyears,shehas____30____choosingjoy.Shethinksthatintentional____31____haskepther“fromdrowning(淹死)inthefloodofpersonaltears”whenshe____32____,likewhenherhusbandwaskilledbyadrunkdriver.“Sweetie,I____33____believethatyouwillalsoreachyourgoalsandIwillbeproudofyou,”shesaidwithawarmkissonmycheek.“____34____tryingtorealizedreams,andyou’llfeel____35____.”16.A.greedy B.careful C.grateful D.talkative17.A.attending B.apologizing C.listening D.objecting18.A.honesty B.wisdom C.curiosity D.doubt19.A.modest B.beautiful C.healthy D.talented20.A.spirit B.future C.family D.work21.A.fails B.aims C.pretends D.refuses22.A.once B.even C.never D.always23.A.simple B.complex C.expensive D.controversial24.A.goals B.changes C.dreams D.achievements25.A.volunteer B.live C.hide D.struggle26.A.engineer B.doctor C.writer D.athlete27.A.proud B.ashamed C.afraid D.free28.A.reservation B.decision C.request D.difference29.A.adjusting B.explaining C.setting D.reaching30.A.givenup B.gotawayfrom C.insistedon D.lostsightof31.A.optimism B.praise C.generosity D.kindness32.A.grewup B.brokedown C.tookoff D.wentaway33.A.casually B.temporarily C.barely D.firmly34.A.Keep B.Avoid C.Admit D.Imagine35.A.tested B.blessed C.challenged D.hurt〖答案〗16.D17.C18.B19.C20.A21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.D30.C31.A32.B33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了曾祖母分享的关于实现人生目标或梦想的经验。【16题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她的老人院被称为“玛莎小姐”，她以健谈而闻名。A.greedy贪婪的；B.careful小心的；C.grateful感激的；D.talkative健谈的。由后文的“willingtosharelifelessons”可知，她乐于分享生活的经验，因此她是健谈的，故选D。【17题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是喜欢听她说话，因为她充满了关怀的智慧，愿意分享生活的经验。A.attending参加；B.apologizing道歉；C.listening听；D.objecting反对。由后文的“willingtosharelifelessons”可知，曾祖母乐于分享生活的经验，所以作者是喜欢听她说话，故选C。【18题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我总是喜欢听她说话，因为她充满了关怀的智慧，愿意分享生活的经验。A.honesty诚实；B.wisdom智慧；C.curiosity好奇心；D.doubt怀疑。由后文的“Caleb,youmustbe______andstayalivetoreachyourgoals.So,takecareofyourbodyand______oryou’llneverreachyourbiggestdreams”可知，曾祖母的话充满了智慧，故选B。【19题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯莱布，你必须保持健康，活着才能达到你的目标。A.modest谦逊的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.healthy健康的；D.talented有天赋的。由后文的“takecareofyourbody”可知，曾祖母的意思是要保持身体健康，故选C。【20题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，照顾好你的身体和情绪，否则你永远无法实现你最大的梦想。A.spirit精神；情绪；B.future将来；C.family家人；D.work工作。由上文的“stayalive”可知，曾祖母的意思是还要保持精神健康，就是要照顾好身体和情绪，故选A。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对目标很了解：她仍然打算在每周的敬老院唱歌会上继续弹钢琴，并“再多活5年”。A.fails失败；B.aims瞄准；C.pretends假装；D.refuses拒绝。由后文的“tokeepplayingthepianofortheweeklyseniorhomesingalongandtohave“fivemoreyears””可知，空后描述的是曾祖母的目标，aimtodo意为“计划做某事”，故选B。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的曾祖母从来没有参加过奥运会，没有开过公司，也没有写过一本书。A.once曾经；B.even甚至；C.never从不；D.always总是。由后文的“tohaveenoughfoodtoshare,tobehealthyandtosurvivechallenges”可知，曾祖母的目标很简单，所以她从来没有参加过奥运会，没有开过公司，也没有写过一本书。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她的梦想很简单：有足够的食物分享，健康，在挑战中生存。A.simple简单的；B.complex复杂的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.controversial有争议的。由后文的“tohaveenoughfoodtoshare,tobehealthyandtosurvivechallenges”可知，有足够的食物分享，健康，在挑战中生存，这些都是很简单的梦想，故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她靠在椅背上时，她骄傲地谈论着她家庭成员的成就。A.goals目标；B.changes改变；C.dreams梦想；D.achievements成就。由后文的“herdaughtercould________onherownandraiseafamily.OtherfamilymemberscompetedintheOlympicgames,rantheirownbusinesses”可知，曾祖母在谈论家庭成员的成就，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：15年无数次的手术之后，她的女儿可以独立生活，养家糊口了。A.volunteer自愿；B.live居住；C.hide躲藏；D.struggle斗争。由下文的“raiseafamily”可知，她的女儿可以靠自己生活了，故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他家庭成员参加了奥运会，经营了自己的企业，或成为了一个作品被大多数人阅读的作家。A.engineer工程师；B.doctor医生；C.writer作家；D.athlete运动员。由后文的“readbymostpeople”可知，有家庭成员成为了作品被大多数人阅读的作家，故选C。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的曾祖母尤其自豪的是，看到她的家人为他人服务，并努力给他人带来影响。A.proud自豪的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.afraid害怕的；D.free自由的。由后文的“seeingherfamilyserveothers”可知，看见她的家人为他人服务，曾祖母是感到自豪，故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的曾祖母尤其自豪的是，看到她的家人为他人服务，并努力给他人带来影响。A.reservation保护区；B.decision决定；C.request要求；D.difference不同。由上文的“serveothers”可知，她的家人为他人服务，给他人的生活带来影响，makeadifference是固定短语，意为“有影响”，故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道，我们的家庭成员正在实现他们的目标，这对我来说就足够了。A.adjusting调整；B.explaining解释；C.setting设置；D.reaching实现。由上文的“herdaughtercould________onherownandraiseafamily.OtherfamilymemberscompetedintheOlympicgames,rantheirownbusinesses,orbecamea(n)_______readbymostpeople”可知，曾祖母的家人们都实现了他们的目标，故选D。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，她一直坚持选择快乐。A.givenup放弃；B.gotawayfrom逃离；C.insistedon坚持；D.lostsightof看不见。由上文的“Overtheyears”可知，句子表示“多年来，她一直坚持选择快乐”，故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为，有意的乐观主义让她在崩溃时“没有淹没在个人的眼泪洪流中”，就像她的丈夫被酒驾司机撞死时那样。A.optimism乐观主义；B.praise赞扬；C.generosity慷慨；D.kindness善良。由上文的“choosingjoy”可知，她选择快乐，也就是有意保持乐观，故选A。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她认为，有意的乐观主义让她在崩溃时“没有淹没在个人的眼泪洪流中”，就像她的丈夫被酒驾司机撞死时那样。A.grewup长大；B.brokedown崩溃；C.tookoff起飞；D.wentaway离开。由后文的“likewhenherhusbandwaskilledbyadrunkdriver”可知，她的丈夫被酒驾司机撞死，那是会让她崩溃的，故选B。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的，我坚信你也会达到你的目标，我为你感到骄傲。A.casually随意地；B.temporarily临时地；C.barely几乎不；D.firmly坚定地。由后文的“youwillalsoreachyourgoalsandIwillbeproudofyou”可知，句子表示“我坚信你也会达到你的目标”，空格处意为“坚定地”，故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一直努力实现梦想，你会感到幸运。A.Keep保持；B.Avoid避免；C.Admit承认；D.Imagine想象。由上文的“youwillalsoreachyourgoals”可知，此处曾祖母鼓励作者要继续努力实现梦想，keepdoing是固定短语，意为“一直做某事”，故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一直努力实现梦想，你会感到幸运。A.tested经受过考验的；B.blessed幸运的；C.challenged有障碍的；D.hurt受伤的。由上文的“realizedreams”可知，努力实现个人的梦想，你会感到幸运，feelblessed意为“觉得幸运”，故选B。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAsyoucanimagine,therearenumeroustypesofadvertisementsindifferentmediums,ondifferentchannels,andwithdifferentgoalsfortheirbusiness.PrintadvertisingThefirstprintadvertisementraninEnglandin1472.Sincethen,thistypeofadvertisinghasbecomeavailableinnewspapers,magazines,andsimilarmediumsofcarryingabrand’smessagetoitsidealendusers.Inthisadvertisementmethod,theadvertiserpaysthepublishertoplacetheiradvertisementsinthepublication.RadioadvertisingRadioadvertisingdatesbackto1920,whenthefirstcommercialradiostationswerelaunchedintheUnitedStates.Inthisadvertisementmedium,theadvertiserpaystheradiostationtoplaytheiradvertisementsduringselectedbreaksbetweenmusicoraradioshow.TelevisionadvertisingTelevisionadvertisingoriginatedinthe1940swiththepromotionofpracticalitemsandpoliticalcampaigns.Inthisadvertisementmedium,theadvertiserpaysthelocalornationalTVnetworktoshowtheiradvertisementsduringselectedbreaksinthenetwork’sregularprogramming.InternetadvertisingInternetadvertisingtookrootinthemiddleofthe1990s.Inthisadvertisementmethod,theadvertiserpaysthewebsiteownertoplacetheiradvertisementsinexposedspacesthatareminortothewebsite’sowncontent.Internetadvertisingincludesvideo,searchenginemarketing,andmore.However,asyouknow,theadvertisingtypesabovehavedevelopeddramaticallysincetheirrespectiveorigins.Someadvertisementshavebeenmemorableyearsaftertheyfirstran.Sohowdoyoucreateanadvertisingstrategythatworksfine?Thisblogpostisabouttheadvertisementsandcampaignswecanlearnfrom.36.WhendidthefirstprintadvertisementruninEngland?A.In1472. B.In1920.C.Inthe1940s. D.Inthemiddleof1990s.37.Whichtypeofadvertisementsservedpoliticsattheverybeginning?A.Internetadvertising. B.Radioadvertising.C.Printadvertising. D.Televisionadvertising.38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEforradioadvertisingandtelevisionadvertising?A.Bothoriginatedatthesametime. B.Bothareshownduringselectedbreaks.C.NeitherfirstappearedintheUS. D.Neitherdevelopedmuchoveryears.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“areminorto”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Aremoreimportantthan. B.Arelessimportantthan.C.Areequalto. D.Arebiggerthan.40.Whatwillprobablybediscussednextinthearticle?A.Thefurtherdevelopmentofadvertising. B.Examplesofexcellentadvertising.C.Otherbasicformsofadvertising. D.Disadvantagesofadvertising.〖答案〗36.A37.D38.B39.B40.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种广告类型：印刷广告、广播广告、电视广告和互联网广告。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Printadvertising部分“ThefirstprintadvertisementraninEnglandin1472.(1472年，英国出现了第一个平面广告)”可知，英国是在1472年出现了第一个平面广告。故选A项。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Televisionadvertising部分“Televisionadvertisingoriginatedinthe1940swiththepromotionofpracticalitemsandpoliticalcampaigns.(电视广告起源于20世纪40年代，宣传实用物品和政治运动)”可知，电视广告一开始就为政治服务。故选D项。【38题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Radioadvertising部分“Inthisadvertisementmedium,theadvertiserpaystheradiostationtoplaytheiradvertisementsduringselectedbreaksbetweenmusicoraradioshow.(在这种广告媒介中，广告商向电台付费，以便在音乐或广播节目之间的选定休息时间播放他们的广告)”和Televisionadvertising部分“Inthisadvertisementmedium,theadvertiserpaysthelocalornationalTVnetworktoshowtheiradvertisementsduringselectedbreaksinthenetwork’sregularprogramming.(在这种广告媒介中，广告商向当地或全国电视网支付费用，以便在网络的常规节目中的选定休息时间显示他们的广告)”可知，广播广告和电视广告均在选定的休息时间播放。故选B项。【39题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章Internetadvertising部分“theadvertiserpaysthewebsiteownertoplacetheiradvertisementsinexposedspaces

(在这种广告方法中，广告商付钱给网站所有者，让其将广告放置在暴露的空间中)”和“thewebsite’sowncontent(网站自己的内容)”可猜测，广告被放置在比网站自身内容次要的空间中，故划线词与B项“不如……重要”意义相近。故选B项。【40题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sohowdoyoucreateanadvertisingstrategythatworksfine?Thisblogpostisabouttheadvertisementsandcampaignswecanlearnfrom.(那么，你如何制定一个行之有效的广告策略呢？这篇博客文章是关于我们可以学习的广告和活动)”可知，接下来文章要讨论一些我们可以借鉴学习的优秀广告。故选B项。BHelenUffnerhasdressedBroadway,HollywoodandTVshowsformorethan40years.Buthigh-risedevelopersandAmazondistributioncentersaremakingitimpossibletostoreherextraordinaryvintage(古董衫)collection.HelenUffnerbeganherlovewitholdclothesasayoungteenager,troublingherfather,whoworriedthatpeoplewouldthinkhecouldnotaffordproperclothesforhisdaughter.Withtheprospectofacareerinperiodfashionlackingpromise,shejoinedamanagementconsultancyaftercollege.Butsoonshedecidedtomonetize(把……转换成货币)herpassion.Overthenext40years,HelenUffnerestablishedacelebratedbusinessrentingoutvintageclothes.Initially,sheranthebusinessoutofherapartment.Bythelate1990s,shemovedtoa6.000-square-footspaceintheclothingdistrict.Challengesbeganin2006,whenthelandlordwassellingthebuildingandwantedherout.Atthesametimecommercialrentswereincreasingsharplyandthecity’sclothingindustryhadallbutdisappeared.Eventually,in2008,HelenUffnerVintageClothingmovedtoLongIslandCity.Thetransitionwasnoteasy.Butby2018,HelenUffnerfoundherselfinthesametrouble.Sheultimatelysettledintoanotherspaceonlytofacethedramaalloveragain—hercurrentbuildingisplannedforbeingtomdowntomakeroomfortheconstructionofahigh-rise.WhileCOVID-19hasreducedthepriceofofficeleasing(租赁),vastwarchousespaceofthekindHelenUffnerneedsisatapremiumbecauseofthedemandcomingfromAmazonandothere-commercesites.Nowinher70s,HelenUffnerhasfoundtheprospectofmovingforafourthtimeespeciallytough.“Ihavebeenmakingthejokethattheemperorhasnoclothes,”HelenUffnersaid,“becausewhowillactuallydresshim.”41.WhatisHelen’sfather’sattitudetowardherpassionforoldclothes?A.Hefeelsnervousasherdreamwillcostalot.B.Hefeelsdisgraceful(丢脸的)tobeapoorfather.C.Hefeelsworriedaspeoplemaythinkhecouldn’taffordclothesforher.D.Hefeelsangryasitisawasteoftimeandmoney.42.WhydoesHelenjoinamanagementconsultancyaftercollege?A.Tolaythefoundationforthepursuitofherultimategoal.B.Tomonetizeherpassionfortheclothingindustry.C.Toavoidthepossiblebadcareerprospect.D.Tofollowinthefootstepsofherfather.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atapremium”probablymean?A.Beyondreach. B.Atalowestpoint.C.Atthepeak. D.Underguarantee.44.WhatdoesthejokemadebyHeleninthelastparagraphmean?A.Nobodycarestheappearanceassurvivalmattersmosttoday.B.Peoplearetooshallowtoadmittheirmistakesforpursuingmoney.C.Theart-relatedindustryhasbeenignoredintheurbandevelopment.D.Heragekillsherpassionfortheextraordinaryvintagecollection.45.Thepassagecanbeprobablytakenfrom______A.Aschoolnewspaper. B.Amedicalreport.C.Asciencejournal. D.Afashionmagazine.〖答案〗41.C42.C43.A44.C45.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海伦·乌夫纳创办了古董服装租赁公司，但由于城市化发展，她公司租用的建筑不断被拆除，使得她公司的前景尤其艰难。【41题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“HelenUffnerbeganherlovewitholdclothesasayoungteenager,troublingherfather,whoworriedthatpeoplewouldthinkhecouldnotaffordproperclothesforhisdaughter.(海伦·乌夫纳在十几岁的时候就开始喜欢旧衣服，这让她的父亲感到不安，他担心人们会认为他买不起合适的衣服给女儿穿)”可知，他感到担心是因为人们可能认为他买不起她的衣服。故选C项。【42题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Withtheprospectofacareerinperiodfashionlackingpromise,shejoinedamanagementconsultancyaftercollege.Butsoonshedecidedtomonetizeherpassion.(因为时尚职业的前景缺乏希望，大学毕业后，她加入了一家管理咨询公司)”可知，海伦大学毕业后加入了一家管理咨询公司，以避免可能出现的糟糕的职业前景。故选C项。【43题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“WhileCOVID-19hasreducedthepriceofofficeleasing(虽然COVID-19降低了办公室租赁的价格)”可知，While表转折，说明海伦·乌夫纳所需的大型仓库空间仍然非常昂贵，对她来说是遥不可及的，故划线词与Beyondreach“够不着”意义相近。故选A项。【44题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Ihavebeenmakingthejokethattheemperorhasnoclothes,”HelenUffnersaid,“becausewhowillactuallydresshim.”(海伦·乌夫纳说：“我一直在开玩笑说皇帝没有衣服，因为谁又会真正给他穿衣服呢”)”可知，“国王没有穿衣服”指的是古董衫租赁行业受到了打压，而“谁又会真正给他穿上衣服呢”指的是没有人在意这个行业，因为所有人都关注城市发展。古董衫租赁不是一般的服装行业，它与艺术相关。故选C项。【45题详析】推理判断题。结合全文及文章第一段“HelenUffnerhasdressedBroadway,HollywoodandTVshowsformorethan40years.Buthigh-risedevelopersandAmazondistributioncentersaremakingitimpossibletostoreherextraordinaryvintagecollection.(海伦·乌夫纳已经为百老汇、好莱坞和电视节目穿了40多年的衣服。但高层开发商和亚马逊分销中心使她无法储存非凡的复古系列)”可知，文章主要讲的是海伦·乌夫纳出租复古服装的公司由于都市化受到严重的冲击，复古服装属于时尚界，故本文可能出自一本时尚杂志。故选D项。CScientistshavediscoveredanewstructurethatallowslungefeedingwhales,alsocalledrorqualwhales(长须鲸),totakeinmassiveamountsofwaterwithoutchoking.Tocaptureprey(猎物),rorqualwhalesuseamethodcalledlungefeeding.Theyspeedup,andtakeinavolumeofwaterlargeenoughtofilltheirentirebodies.Scientistsdidn’tknowhowthesewhalesavoidedchokingonprey—filledwaterandfloodingtheirrespiratorytracts(呼吸道)duringalungefeedingevent.NowDr.Gilandhiscolleagueshavediscoveredalargestructurethatthey’vetermedthe“oralplug”—astructureneverbeforedescribedinanyotheranimal—thattheythinkmakeslungefeedingpossible.Dr.Gilandhiscolleaguesanalyzeddeadfinwhales.Byphysicallydissecting(解剖)themassofmuscleandtissuethatplugthebackofthewhale’smouth,theresearchersdeterminedthatwhentheanimalisatrest,theplugblocksoffthewhale’spharynx(咽道),atube-shapedstructurethatleadstoboththerespiratoryanddigestivetracts.Whenawhalelunges,the“oralplug”protectsbothtractsfrombeingfloodedbythewaterandthelivingcreaturesthattheanimalhastakenin.Whentheanimalisreadytoswallowitslatestmeal,theoralplugshiftsupwardtoprotecttheupperrespiratorytract.Atthesametime,thelarynx(喉)closesupandshiftsdownward,blockingthelowerrespiratorytract.Inotherwords,duringswallowing,thepharynxonlyleadstothedigestivetract.“Thisfillsinablankthatwedidn’tevenknowreallyexisted,”saidDr.Giloftheteam’sfindings.AriFriedlaender,whostudieswhalefeedingbehaviorsattheUniversityofCaliforniabutwasnotinvolvedinthisresearch,seesgreatvalueinfillingintheseanatomicalblanksaboutwhales.“Themorewecanunderstandhowtheydevelopthesemeansforbeingabletoeatsomuch,themoreweunderstandaboutwhattheirabilitiesare,andhowtheyfunctionaspartofmarineecosystems,”Dr.Friedlaendersaid.46.Whichwordscanbestdescribethelungefeedingmethodofrorqualwhales?①speedy②massive③preciseA.②③ B.①② C.①③ D.①②③47.Whatfunctiondoesthe“oralplug”have?A.Itjustblocksoffthetwoairwayswhenthewhalerests.B.Itjustprotectstheupperairwaywhenthewhaleswallows.C.Itjustblocksthelowerairwaywhenthewhalelunges.D.Itensuresthatthemealsandwaterjustgointothepharynx.48.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Dr.FriediaendersharedhisfindingsofwhalefeedingbehaviorwithDr.Gril.B.Dr.Friedlaenderpraisedtheresearchforitfurtherexplainshowmarineecosystemsfunction.C.Dr.FriedlaenderwillcooperatewithDr.Gilandhisteamforthefutureresearch.D.Dr.Gilwasprobablysurprisedtofindtheexistenceofthe“oralplug”.49.WhatisDr.Friedlaender’sattitudetowardsthenewfindings?A.Negative. B.Indifferent. C.Cautious. D.Positive.50.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whydowhaleslungeforfood? B.Whydon’twhaleschoke?C.Whydowhaleshaverespiratorytracts? D.Whyarewhalesunique?〖答案〗46.B47.B48.D49.D50.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发现的一种新结构——口腔塞，这种结构能够帮助鲸鱼在冲刺进食过程中避免被充满食物的水呛到。【46题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Tocaptureprey,rorqualwhalesuseamethodcalledlungefeeding.Theyspeedup,andtakeinavolumeofwaterlargeenoughtofilltheirentirebodies.(为了捕捉猎物，罗夸尔鲸使用一种叫做冲刺式捕食法。它们加快速度，吸收足够多的水来填满它们的整个身体)”可知，它们的冲刺式进食的方法非常快速，且一次进食量很大。故选B项。【47题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Whentheanimalisreadytoswallowitslatestmeal,theoralplugshiftsupwardtoprotecttheupperrespiratorytract.(当这种动物准备吞下最新的食物时，口腔塞会向上移动，以保护上呼吸道)”可知，当鲸鱼吞咽时，“口腔塞”只是保护上呼吸道。故选B项。【48题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段““Thisfillsinablankthatwedidn’tevenknowreallyexisted,”saidDr.Giloftheteam’sfindings.(“这填补了我们之前不知道的一个空白，”吉尔博士在谈到该团队的发现时说)”可知，吉尔博士可能对“口腔塞”的存在感到惊讶。故选D项。【49题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Themorewecanunderstand