英语人教版选修六习题第四单元检测B

第四单元检测(B)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。W:Whatdoyouthinkofourplan?M:Asgood,ifnotbetter,astheirs.1Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheirplan?A.Notgood.B.Betterthanothers.C.Atleastasgoodasothers.答案:CW:Canyougivemealifttoschool?M:I’mterriblysorrythatIcan’t.Ihavetobeatworkby8:00.Icancallyouataxi,though.W:OK.Thankyou.2Howwillthewomanprobablygotoschool?A.Intheman’scar.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.答案:CM:Wearehavingalittlepartyattheweekend.CanyouandTome?W:Thatsoundsnice.Thankyou.ButI’llhavetocheckwithTom.3Willthewomanetotheparty?A.Maybe.B.No.C.Certainly.答案:AM:So,Susan,howlonghaveyoubeenawriter?W:Well,Tom,Ididn’tstarttakingupmypenuntilIwasinmytwenties,andI’moverfiftynow.Sogoodness,Imusthavebeenwritingforaboutthirtyyears.4Howlonghasthewomanbeenanauthor?A.About30years.B.About40years.C.About50years.答案:AM:Ihadaverynicedreamlastnight.IdreamtIwonaholiday.W:Oh,really?Where?ToNewYorkorWashington?M:ToLondon.Ihopeitwilletrue.5Whatdidthemanwininhisdream?A.AholidaytoLondon.B.AholidaytoNewYork.C.AholidaytoWashington.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。M:So,yousayyouhadyourhandbagstolenthisafternoonataboutwhattime?W:Itmusthavebeenthreehoursago,aboutfouro’clock.Iwasdoingmyshoppingwhenthisfellowsuddenlyseizedmybagandranoff.M:Wasthereanythingvaluableinsidethebag?W:Notreally.Butthebagitselfwasanexpensiveone—itcostmeabout$500.M:Andareyouabletorecognizetheman?W:Ididgetaquicklookathim.Irememberhewastall,bearded,andhehaddarkbrownhair.I’msureI’drecognizehimifIsawhimagain.M:OK,Ijustneedtofindoutafewmoredetailsbeforewetakeaction.6Whoistheman?A.Astorywriter.B.Apoliceman.C.Areporter.答案:B7Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Apersonalstealing.B.Abankrobbery.C.Amurdercase.答案:A8Whendoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.答案:C听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。M:Didyoueverwinanything?W:Well,yes,Idid.Icameinfirstinthislittlepetitioninthelocalnewspaper,anditwasthispetitionwhereyouhadto,um,finishthephrase“Schoolis...”M:Right.W:AnddesignaposterandsoIsaid,becauseIwasquiteagoodstudentatthetime,Isaid,“Schoolisthekeytoanewandbetterworld.”M:Sohowoldwereyouthen?W:Itwastenyearsago.Iwaseleven.M:Oh,right.Sowhatdidyouwinthen?W:Iwona20dollargiftcertificateatHathawayHouseBookshop,andIspentthewholesummertherebecausetwentydollarswasquitealotthen.IstillhavethebooksthatIboughtthere.M:Luckyyou.9Inwhatpetitiondidthewomanefirst?A.Adrawingpetition.B.Adesignpetition.C.Aspeechpetition.答案:B10Howoldwasthewomanthen?A.11. B.10. C.7.答案:A11Whatprizedidthewomanwininthepetition?A.20dollarsincash.B.Somebooks.C.Agiftcertificate.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。M:Catherine,youlookgreatinthesephotos.W:Oh,thanks.Igotintothatweddingdresswithgreatdifficulty.Itwastoosmall.M:Whydidn’tyougetoneinyoursize?W:Oh,itwasmygrandmother’s—mymotherworeitonherweddingday,andIreallywantedtowearitonmine.IsufferedforsixmonthssoIcouldwearit.M:Howdidyoudoit?W:Doyouknowthisdietthatmanyactorsaredoing?Idon’tthinkit’sveryhealthyifyoudoitforalongtime,butitreallyworks.M:Isitthedietthatyoulovebuthavetoavoid?W:No,actually,youcaneatthingslike,um,roastchicken,steak,andbacon,butyoucan’teatanybreadandbutter.Dietingissoboring.Hopefully,Iwon’tneedtoweartheweddingdressagainanyway.12Whoseweddingdressdothespeakersmention?A.Thewoman’s.B.Thewoman’smother’s.C.Thewoman’sgrandmother’s.答案:C13Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthediet?A.Itishealthy.B.Itiseffective.C.Itisbalanced.答案:B14WhywasitdifficultforCatherinetogetintotheweddingdress?A.Shewastoothin.B.Thedresswashermother’s.C.Thedresswassmallforher.答案:C听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。M:Inwhatwayisyourschooldifferentfromotherschools?W:Ourschoolisforallchildrenbecauseafewofthechildrenarephysicallydisabled,andsomeoftheothershavelearningdifficulties.Inourschool,wehavefasterlearnersandslowerlearners.M:Andisyourstheonlyschoollikethis?W:That’scorrect.Uptillnow,disabledchildrenandthosewithlearningdifficultiesweresenttospecialschools.Theygrewupinadifferentworld.M:Whatmadeyoudecidetostartthisnewschool?W:Werealizedthatdisabledchildrenhadnoknowledgeofchildreninordinaryschools.Wethoughtitwasimportantthatallhumanbeingsshouldgrowuptogether.M:Dotheslowerlearnersholdupthefasterlearners?W:No.Forsomeclasses,slowlearnersandfasterlearnersareseparated.Inotherclassestheyallworktogether.M:Howdoesthatwork?W:Well.Thefasterlearnershelptheslowerlearners.Thatwaytheybeeveryskilledasteachers.Whenit’stimeforthefasterlearnerstodoataskordotheirhomework,theydoitmorequicklyandbettertoo.15Whatdoyouthinkthewomanis?A.Astudent.B.Areporter.C.Aheadmaster.答案:C16Whydidthewomandecidetostartthisschool?A.Tobringalltypesofchildrentogetherfortheireducation.B.Becausetherewerenotenoughspecialschools.C.Becausetheworldischanging.答案:A17Whathappensinclassesintheschool?A.Fasterandslowerlearnersaretogetherforallclasses.B.Slowerlearnersworkbetterandmorequickly.C.Fasterlearnerssometimesactasteachersforslowerlearners.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。Aman,whohaddrunktoomuchwineatapartyandthenwasdrivinghome,wasstoppedbythepolicemen.Onbeingtested,themancouldn’twalkastraightline,nottomentiondrivingacar.Sothepolicewroteoutaticketandwasabouttogiveittohimwhenanotheraccidentintheoppositelanegottheirattention.Consideringthatthepoliceweren’tingbacktohim,themandrovehomeandwenttobed.Hewasawakenedinthemorningbyaknockatthedoor,andincamethreepolicemen.“AreyouMrJohnson?”theyasked.Headmittedhewas.“WereyoupulledoveratMainStreetlastnightfordrivingundertheinfluence?”Again,themanadmittedthatwashim.“Whereisyourcarnow?”thepoliceasked.Themanansweredthatitwasinthegarage.“Mayweseethecar?”askedthepolice.Themananswered“Sure”andopenedthegarage.Insidethegaragewasthepolice’scar.18Howdidthemandrivehomeafterbeingtested?A.Thepoliceallowedhimtodrivehome.B.Hedrovehomewhenthepolicewerenotthere.C.Hetoldhissontoeanddrivehimhome.答案:B19Whatisthestorymainlyabout?A.Adrunkenmandrovethepolice’scarhome.B.Amanwasarrestedfordrivingtoofast.C.Amanwashitbyapolicecar.答案:A20Whydidthepolicewanttoseehiscar?A.Toseeifthemanhadstolenapolice’scar.B.Tolookfortheman’scar.C.Toseeifthemanhaddriventhepolice’scarhome.答案:C第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。AAsksomepeoplewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatoverconsumptioninthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemareingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue,encouragingcustomerstorecycletheirplasticbags,forexample.Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialwearecollecting.Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture,butwehaveamountaintoclimb.21Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overconsumption”referto?A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.B.Recyclingtoomuchwaste.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary.D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.答案:D解析:词义猜测题。联系画线部分前后句的句意可知,当我们被迫去回收利用时,常常意味着我们拥有的量已经超过了我们的需求,那么我们需要回收利用的正是我们过度消耗的,所以选D项。后面分句中的“...ifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhome...”也有提示。22TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow.

A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwasteB.theincreaseofpackagingrecyclingC.therapidgrowthofsupermarketsD.thefactofpackagingoveruse答案:D解析:推理判断题。联系上下文可知,作者在第二段运用数字是为了说明包装材料过度使用的事实。23Accordingtothetext,recycling.

A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffectB.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortageD.leadstoawasteofland答案:A解析:细节理解题。由第一段和第三段可知,回收利用有助于温室效应的控制。24WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.答案:C解析:推理判断题。第四段的前两句承接上文:不仅超市有责任,我们消费者也有责任。所以本段讲述的是消费者关于“包装好质量就好”的观念是错误的,由此可知选C项。BChangesarealreadyhappeningtoEarth’sclimateduetotheburningoffossilfuels,deforestationandlargescaleagriculture.Conditionsforairqualityareworsening;temperaturesandsealevelarerising;snowandrainfallpatternsarechanging,andmoreextremeclimateevents—likeheavyrainstormsandrecordhightemperatures—areappearingmorefrequently.Aschangesgetmorepronounced,peopleeverywherewillhavetoadjust.Adaptingtoanevolvingclimateisgoingtoberequiredineveryareaofsociety,ineveryregionoftheglobe.Weneedtogetgoing,toprovideintegratedscienceifwearegoingtomeetthechallenge.Climatepreparednessresearchneedstointegrate(综合)socialandclimatescience,engineering,andotherdisciplines.Itpreparesforimpactsbydeterminingwhoandwhataremostvulnerable(易受攻击的)tochangesandconsideringwaystoadapt.Scienceforadaptationstartswithunderstandingdecisionmakingprocessesandinformationneeds,determiningwherethevulnerabilitiesare,andthenmovestoclimatemodeling.Afinalsteptrackswhetheradaptationiseffective.Theneedtoadaptandadjustisgoingtobeglobal.Weneedaflexible,integratedapproachthatbinestheoreticalandproblemorientedsciencesaroundthefourgeneralchallenges:understandingwhatinformationisneededtomakedecisionsaboutadaptingtoclimatechange;identifyingvulnerabilitiesinsociety,theeconomyandtheenvironment;improvingforecastsandclimatemodelsinwaysthatcanaddressspecificproblems;providingtechnology,management,andpolicyoptionsforadapting.

Asanexampleofhowpracticalandbasicresearchcanworktogether,MossdescribedworkattheAspenworkshop.Universityscientists,andprivatefirmspilotuseofclimatemodelsandwatermodelingtodesignflexiblewatersystems.“Thisresearchismotivatedbyapracticalchallenge,ensuringreliablewatersupplies.Amongthescientificadvancesthatwillberequiredisbetterintegrationofweatherandclimatemodelstoimprovedecadalclimateinformationtohelppeopleplan.Traditionallywethinkthatwhatsocietyneedsisbetterpredictions.Butatthisworkshop,allofus—climateandsocialscientistsalike—recognizedtheneedtoconsiderhowdecisionsgetcarriedoutandthatclimateisonlyoneofmanyfactorsthatwilldeterminehowpeoplewilladapt,”hesaid.Thefocusonproblemsolvingcouldopenupnewsourcesoffundingaswell,sourcessuchasnongovernmentalorganizations,industry—anygroupwithspecificproblemsthatadaptationsciencecouldsolve.25Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n).

A.explanationB.introductionCment D.background答案:D解析:篇章结构题。第一段列举了各种气候变化的现象,是背景,故选D项。explanation“解释,说明”;introduction“介绍”;ment“评价”,均不合适。26WhatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinParagraph3?A.Researchersshouldpreparedisciplinestoexamineimpacts.B.Scienceforadaptationneedstobesystematic.C.Engineeringshoulddeterminewherethevulnerabilitiesare.D.Climatepreparednessresearchbeginswithtestingtheeffectiveness.答案:B解析:段落大意题。根据第三段最后两句“...startswith...,andthen...Afinalstep...”可知本段主要讲述适应性科学的系统性,故答案为B项。其他选项均为对细节的误解。27Theunderlinedphrase“problemorientedsciences”inParagraph4mustbe.

A.potential B.flexibleC.detailed D.practical答案:D解析:词义猜测题。根据前文的“theoretical”及后文的“problemsolving”可推断出答案为D项。potential“潜在的”;flexible“灵活的”;detailed“详细的”,均不符合文意。28WhatcanwelearnabouttheworkattheAspenworkshop?A.Nongovernmentalorganizationsrefusetofundit.B.Theirresearchisaimedatensuringreliablecleaningsupplies.C.Itnotonlyconsidersbetterpredictionsbutalsofocusesonproblemsolving.D.Climatemodelsandwatermodelingwillbetestedafterwatersystemsaredesigned.答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,适应性科学可以解决很多实际问题,所以包括非政府组织在内的很多组织会提供资助,故A项错误;B项中的“cleaning”错误;D项中的“after”错误。故选C项。CTheGermancityofHamburghasannouncedplanstobeecarfreewithinthenexttwodecades.Itisanambitiousidea,butcityofficialsobviouslyfeelthatthepersonalmotorcardoesnotfulfillafunctionthatwalking,bikingandtakingpublictransportcannot.ThegoalofHamburg’sprojectistoreplaceroadswithagreennetwork,whichwillallowpeopletonavigatethroughthecitywithouttheuseofcars.BanishingthecarfromurbanareasisbeingamontrendinmanyEuropeancities.Londonimposesa“congestioncharge”onprivatevehiclesenteringthecitycentreduringrushhours.Copenhagenisbuildingbicyclesuperhighwaysradiatingoutfromthecitycentre.Thesedevelopmentsbinedmaymakeworryingreadingfordrivingenthusiasts.Isthetimeofthepersonalcarover?InthecenturysincetheFordModelTwasintroducedin1908,globalvehiclenumbershaveswollentowelloverabillion.Butaccordingtorecentresearch,thegrowthmayhavestopped.AccordingtoProfessorMichaelSivak,attheUniversityofMichigan,“motorization”intheUSmighthavereachedapeakin2008,andthatthefigureshavebeenonthedeclinesince.“NewYork,Washington,Boston,Philadelphia,eachhavemorethanthirtypercentofhouseholdswithoutalightdutyvehicle,”saysSivak.Infact,thefiguresshowthatfiftysixpercentofhouseholdsinNewYork(whichtopthelist)don’thaveacar.“Ithinkthatwillbesurprisingtomostpeople.Itwassurprisingtome,andIaminthebusiness.”Sivakthinksanumberoffactorscouldbecontributingtothetrend,includingworkingfromhomeandthemovementofpopulationsbacktocitycenters.InChina,BeijingandShanghaiarelookingatplanstolimitthenumberofnewvehiclesbeingregisteredtocontrolgrowth.It’samovementmorecitiesarelookingtowards,particularlyintheUS.29WhydoesHamburglaunchthe“carfree”program?A.Tobuildagreenerenvironment.B.Tofixaworldwideroadnetwork.C.Tocallonpeopletotakeexercise.D.Toreplacethepublictransport.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“ThegoalofHamburg’sproject...theuseofcars.”可知,汉堡市政府推出“无私家车”项目的目的是建设更加环保的环境。30Theunderlinedword“Banishing”inParagraph2canbestbereplacedby“”.

A.Puttingout B.GivingawayC.Drivingaway D.Settingout答案:C解析:词义猜测题。画线词下面几句都是在描述欧洲各国政府所采取的针对私家车的限制性措施,故可以推知,此处的banishing指的是“驱赶;使……远离”。31ProfessorMichaelSivakusestheexamplesinParagraph5.

A.toprovethenumberofcarshasbeenincreasingsharplyB.topersuadeAmericanpeopletogiveuptheirwayoflifeC.tointroducetothereadersanewtrendinbuyingcarsD.toshowmanyAmericanshavealreadyabandonedcars答案:D解析:推理判断题。第五段举的例子以及所列举的数字说明美国的机动车持有量并不高,由此证明很多美国家庭已经不再把使用私家车作为出行方式。32WhatdoesMichaelSivakthinkoftheresultofhisresearch?A.Terrifying. B.Amazing.C.Exciting. D.Disappointing.答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句“Itwassurprisingtome...”可知,即使是Sivak本人也对研究的结果深感吃惊。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon’tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.33.MoneyisatopicI’llsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthere’snothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadoftheingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?34.

2.Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?35.Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.

3.36.Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.

Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.37.Anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!

A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案:33~37BGCAF第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheOriginofRecycleCityJustafewyearsago,thisplacewascalledDumptown.It’satownwhererubbishmaybeleft.Foryears,thecitizenslivingherehadn’tthoughtmuchaboutwherewastewentwhentheythrewitout.And,finally,thatbecameaverybig38.

BecauseDumptownersdidn’tknow39happenedtowasteafteritwasthrownaway,they40nothingofdroppingemptysodacanshereandthereorputtingcansofleftoverpaintrightintotheirdustbins.Thingsthatcouldhavebeenrecycled41werethrownaway,becausenobodybelieved42madeadifference.

Therubbishgrewconstantlyandbeganto43.Sometimesitcaughtfire,sendingheavy44intotheairandmaking45hardforeveryonetobreathe.Dumptownerstriedmovingawayfromthemess,but46theymoved,theproblemwasstillthere.Theyknewtheyhadto47it.

Theylearnedto48theamountofwastetheythrewaway.Forexample,theyboughtitemsatthestorethat49coveredinextrapackaging,sotherewouldbe50tothrowaway.Theylearnedtoreuseotherthings—likewashingout51jarsinsteadofthrowingthemaway.And,theylearnedtorecycle.Theysetup52aroundtownsforpeopletoputinwastethatcouldbe53materials,andthenintonew54.

Dumptownerspaidspecialattentionto55wasteandsetupspecialcollectionpointsforsafehandling.Insteadof56environmentallyharmfulcleaningproductsorchemicalsfromthemarket,manyDumptownersswitchedtonatural,safeproducts.

Finally,they57theoldcitydumpandbuiltanewfactoryoutsidethetownwhichwasusedtohandlewaste.Withthetown’snewlook,itneededanewname,andRecycleCitywasborn.

38A.question B.problemC.difference D.difficulty答案:B解析:结合本段语境可知,最初市民们毫无顾忌地乱扔垃圾,最后这就成了一个大问题。故选B项,意为“问题”。question指“(要回答的)问题”;problem指“(要解决的)问题”;difficulty指问题的“难度”。39A.which B.howC.why D.what答案:D解析:所填词引导宾语从句且引导词在从句中做主语,指物,因此应用what。故选D项。40A.knew B.causedC.talked D.thought答案:D解析:分析句子可知,所填词与介词of构成搭配,意为“考虑”,因此应用think。故选D项。41A.hardly B.slowlyC.easily D.fast答案:C解析:根据语境可知,那些本可以很容易就循环使用的东西都被扔了。easily意为“容易地”,符合语境。故选C项。42A.picking B.wastingC.recycling D.throwing答案:C解析:根据上半句提到的“recycled”可知,此处句意:……因为没有人相信回收会有什么意义。故选C项。43A.taste B.smellC.look D.sound答案:B解析:根据下文中的“hardforeveryonetobreathe”可以推断出此处是指“垃圾开始发出臭味”。故选B项。44A.smoke B.fogC.dust D.flame答案:A解析:根据“caughtfire”和“intotheair”可知,此处是指垃圾燃烧时产生的浓烟。故选A项。45A.it B.thatC.this D.one答案:A解析:所填词指代“人们呼吸”这一情况,因此应用it。故选A项。46A.whenever B.whereverC.however D.whatever答案:B解析:句意:Dumptown的居民们试着搬出“垃圾堆”,但无论他们搬到哪里,情况依旧如此。所填词引导让步状语从句,因此应用wherever。故选B项。47A.move B.ignoreC.fix D.leave答案:C解析:move意为“搬迁,移动”;ignore意为“忽略,不理睬”;fix意为“修理,安装,改变”;leave意为“留下,离开”。句意:他们知道不得不改变此现状。故C项符合语境。48A.increase B.figureC.record D.reduce答案:D解析:increase意为“增加,增长”;figure意为“计算”;record意为“记录”;reduce意为“减少,降低”。根据下文中的“reuse”“recycle”可知,他们学着减少扔掉的垃圾量。故选D项。49A.wasn’t B.weren’tC.wouldn’tbe D.haven’tbeen答案:B解析:所填词为that引导的定语从句的谓语的一部分,所以要与先行词保持数的一致,此处定语从句先行词是items,故此处用复数;根据短文主体时态(过去时)可知,此处用weren’t。故选B项。50A.more B.betterC.less D.worse答案:C解析:根据语境和常识可知,如果买的东西没有额外的包装就会减少所扔掉垃圾的数量。所填词意思是“较少的,更少的”,因此应用less。故选C项。51A.empty B.fullC.big D.small答案:A解析:根据本句中的“throwingthemaway”可以推断出此处应该是指“空罐子”。故选A项。52A.organizations B.tentsC.dustbins D.machines答案:C解析:根据本句中的“putinwaste”可以推断出此处所填词意思是“垃圾桶”。故选C项。53A.madeinto B.madefromC.madeof D.madefor答案:A解析:所填词与系动词be构成搭配。此处指“……被制成……”;根据后一句中的“into”可知,应用bemadeinto。故选A项。54A.waste B.citiesC.homes D.products答案:D解析:句意:他们在城里到处摆放了垃圾桶,便于居民们把可以制成生产原料的垃圾放进去,然后用于制成新的产品。product意为“产品”,符合语境。故选D项。55A.safe B.dangerousC.useless D.useful答案:B解析:根据本句中的“safe”一词可以推断出此处所填词意思应相反,即“危险的”。故选B项。56A.buying B.sellingC.throwing D.collecting答案:A解析:句意:许多Dumptown的居民们不再购买市场上那些对环境有害的商品或化学产品,而是转而购买天然的、安全的产品。故选A项。57A.started B.leftC.discovered D.closed答案:D解析:根据空格后的“builtanewfactory”可以推断出所填词的意思是“关闭”。故选D项。第Ⅱ卷第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout58.(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,59.someofthemlookedveryanxiousand60.(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext61.thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike62.(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused63.(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept64.(ride).Hewasca