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Unit1ThewrittenwordA卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单项填空1.(2019·南京四校联考)Therestaurantcertainlyliveduptoits________;thefoodwasdelicious.A.reputation B.exhibitionC.tendency D.transformationA解析:liveuptoitsreputation“配得上其名声;名副其实”。根据后一分句“thefoodwasdelicious”可知答案。2.Intheeyesofapoliceman,it’susuallyverydangeroustogetclosetothe________criminal.Hemaydoanythinghewouldtoescape.A.desperate B.consciousC.primitive D.sensitiveA解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:在警察的眼里,接近孤注一掷的罪犯通常是非常危险的,因为罪犯为了逃跑,什么事都做得出来。根据句意,这里用desperate修饰criminal,表示“绝望的,孤注一掷的”。故选A项。3.Ithasbeenrevealedthatsomegovernmentleaders________theirauthorityandpositiontogetillegalprofitsforthemselves.A.employ B.takeC.abuse D.overlookC解析:abuseone’sauthority是短语,意思是“渎职”,符合句意“据披露,一些政府官员滥用职权,为个人谋福利”。所以答案是C项。4.Herearesignsthatheis________.It’salongtimesincehesmoked.A.changing B.improvingC.reforming D.varyingC解析:change和vary意为“变化”,普通用语,只说明“变化”这一现象。improve和reform都有“变化(主要指向好的方面)”的意思,但improve用作这一意思时,主语通常是sth.。reform可以指人改掉一些不好的习惯等。根据后一句的意思“他已经好久不吸烟了”以及前一句空格前的主语he可知答案应选C项。5.Itwasreally________ofyourbrothernottoplaytheguitarwhileyouwerepreparingyourlessons.A.considerate B.generousC.typical D.determinedA解析:考查形容词辨析。句意:你兄弟在你准备功课时不弹吉他,真是体贴。considerate“体贴的”,符合句意。generous“慷慨的”;typical“典型的,平常的”;determined“坚决的”。6.Wehavenodoubtthatifthestudents’interestinthesubjectisaroused,theywill________thechallengeandcommitmoreoftheirtimeandenergytotheirstudies.A.faceupto B.keeppacewithC.putupwith D.liveuptoA解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们毫不怀疑,如果学生在某一科目的兴趣被激发了,他们将会面对挑战并在他们的学习上投入更多的时间和精力。A.faceupto面对;B.keeppacewith与……齐步同行,并肩前进;C.putupwith容忍; D.liveupto不辜负。所以选A。7.Havingpaidoffalltheir________,theBlacksarenow________financialproblems.A.debts;freeof B.money;freeofC.debts;freefrom D.money;freeforC解析:paidoffalltheirdebts“还清所有的债务”。freefrom“使摆脱(不好的东西);解除”。8.Topersuadedriversto________checkingtheirphoneswhenevertheybeep,NewYorkstateplanstointroducesocalledTextingZonesalongitsmajorhighwaystomakesureofthedrivers’safety.A.allow B.resistC.admit D.insistB解析:考查动词辨析。A.allow同意,allowsb.todosth.;B.resist拒绝、抵制,resistdoingsth.;C.admit承认,admitdoingsth.;D.insist坚持insistdoingsth.。句意:为了劝说司机无论何时电话响起都不要接听电话(即为抵制),纽约州打算引进所谓的TextingZones,把它们设置在主干道的两旁来确保司机的安全,故选B。9.(2019·苏锡常镇徐连六市调研)—Howwasyourinterviewforgoingabroadtostudy?—Oh,Icouldn’tfeelany________.Ihardlyunderstoodmostofthequestionstheyasked.A.worse B.harderC.happier D.betterA解析:any修饰比较级,通常用于否定句,答语句意:“噢,我感觉糟糕极了,我几乎听不懂他们问的大部分问题。”10.Hardworkandlackofsleephas________herbeautyandyouthinrecentyears.A.wornout B.triedoutC.madeout D.sentoutA解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意:最近几年的辛苦工作和缺少睡眠耗尽了她的美丽和青春年华。本句中的wearout表示“耗尽……”。wearout“用坏,穿破,筋疲力尽,耗尽”;tryout“尝试”;makeout“辨认出,理解”;sendout“发送,发出”。故选A。11.—Theexamwaseasy,wasn’tit?—Yes,butIdon’tthink________couldpassit.A.somebody B.anybodyC.nobody D.everybodyD解析:考查部分否定。句意:——这次考试很容易,对吗?——是呀,但我想也不是每个人都能通过。12.LikeWenJiabao,LiKeqiangalsogainsgood________amongChineseforhislearnedknowledgeandgreatcareforordinarypeople.A.contribution B.expectationC.reputation D.civilizationC解析:考查名词辨析。句意:像温家宝一样,李克强也因自己渊博的学识还有对平民大众的关爱,在中国人当中拥有良好的声誉。reputation“名声,名誉”,符合句意。contribution“贡献”;expectation“期待”;civilization“文明”。13.Themoneyweareraising________forthepoorboywhowasbornwithaweakheart.A.intended B.intendsC.wasintended D.isintendedD解析:句意:我们正在筹集的钱是为这个患有先天性心脏病的可怜的孩子准备的。weareraising为定语从句修饰先行词money,beintendedfor“为……准备”。14.(2019·江苏盐城模拟)Oftheforcesshapinghighereducation________ismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.A.nothing B.noneC.either D.anythingB解析:句意:在影响高等教育发展的各种力量中,没有比出国留学的影响更广泛的。A.nothing没有什么东西;B.none一点也没有,一个也没有;C.either两者中的任何一个;D.anything任何东西。根据前面的of短语,可知应用none。故选B。15.—Ifourparentswouldlistenmoretous,theywouldunderstandusbetter.—________.Theyjustexpectustolisten.A.Ibelievenot B.NoproblemC.Goodidea D.Ican’tagreemoreD解析:考查交际用语。根据上下文,尤其是下文Theyjustexpectustolisten.可知是同意,Ican’tagreemore我再同意不过了。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)阅读理解JonHoffmanwassittingataredlightwhenhesawamanrunoutofastorecarryingaplasticdonationjarfullofcash.Dressedinplainclothes,JonHoffmancaughtthemanandpressedhimagainstthehood(引擎盖)ofhiscar.ButHoffmanhadtroublecontrollingthethief,andtheygotintoastruggle.“Thedetectivehasamilitarybackground,andhesaidhethoughtthesuspectmusthaveamilitarybackground,too,becausehewasabletobreakawaysoeasily,”alocalpolicespokespersonsaid.Thedetectivecalledoutforhelpasacrowdgathered.AmongthosewatchingwereHarveyandKirby,twodaylaborers.Harveydidwhathasbecomecommonthesedays—hetookouthisphonetoshootthevideo.“Ihatetosayit,butIthoughtthatthispolicemanwasdoingsomethingstupid,”Harveysaid.“Butwhenheaskedforhelp,Ithought,well,therewouldn’tbeshootingifIgotoverthereintime.”Harveyjumpedintoaction,whilehewasstillrecordingthevideo.SodidKirby.“Harveycaughtholdofthesuspect’sarms,whileKirbyseizedhislegs,andtheywereabletogetthesuspecttothegroundtohelpDetectiveHoffmanputthehandcuffs(手铐)on,”saidthepolicespokesperson.The27yearoldsuspectwaschargedwithresistingarrestandotheroffenses.Thecharityjarhestoleheldlessthan$50.“I’vebeenonthewrongsideofthelawseveraltimesinmylife,”Harveysaid.“Itfeelsgoodtobeontherightsideanddosomethingpositive.”Afterthearrest,thethreemengottoknoweachotheratalocalsteakhouse—Hoffman’streat,asathankyou.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻故事,讲述了一位侦探在两位临时工的协助下制服一名嫌疑人的过程。1.WhatmadeHoffmancallforhelpwhenarrestingthesuspect?A.Hewasnotonduty.B.Hecouldn’tcontrolthesuspect.C.Heneededwitnessestosupporthim.D.Hewantedtopushthethiefintothecar.B解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难,并且他们扭打在一起。故选项B正确。2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarvey?A.Hewasreadytobreakthelaw.B.Hewasoutofworkatthattime.C.Hehadagoodmilitarybackground.D.Hemighthavehadsomeillegaldeeds.D解析:推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I’vebeenonthewrongsideofthelawseveraltimesinmylife”可知,Harvey曾经违反过法律,所以选项D“他可能有过一些违法行为”是正确的。3.WhatisHoffman’sattitudetowardsHarveyandKirby?A.Grateful. B.Prejudiced.C.Skeptical. D.Admirable.A解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hoffman’streat,asathankyou”可知,嫌疑人被捕后,Hoffman请Harvey和Kirby吃饭,作为对他们的感谢。所以选项A正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)任务型阅读Peerlearning(同伴学习)isalargecategorythatincludesactivitiesthroughwhichstudentslearnfromandworkwitheachother.Peerlearninggetstroublesomeformanyteachersbecauseoftheideathatstudentsareteachingeachother.Beyondprofessionalresponsibilitiesandfeelingsareworriesastowhatandhowstudentsarelearningfromeachother.Theydon’thaveenoughexpertknowledge,whichmakesithighlylikelythattheyareteachingcontentatasuperficial(浅显的)level.Chancesarealsogoodthatstudentsareteachingandlearningsomeofthecontentincorrectly.Whatstandsalongsidethoseconcernsisallsortsofevidencedocumentingthatstudentscananddolearnfromandworkwitheachother.Whenstudentshaveaquestionaboutsomethingthat’shappeninginacourse,whodotheyaskfirst?Mostofthetime,it’snottheprofessor.Theytalktoanotherstudentwhoanswersthequestion,offersadvice,sharesinformation,orregistersanopinion.Thatdynamicmeansthatstudentsareregularlylearningfromotherstudents.So,wemuststartbyacceptingthatpeerlearningisnotsomethingeasilypreventable,butisitsomethingweshouldcultivate?Forstarters,peersspeakeachother’slanguage.No,it’snotacademictalks.Butitisalanguageandaperspectivethatmakessensetostudents,whichcanhelpstartersgainafootholdtowardunderstanding.Thenthere’stheadvantagethatcomeswithjusthavinglearnedsomething.Whataccompaniesrecentlearningexperiencesarememoriesofwhatledtotheunderstanding.Ifwhatyou’retryingtoexplainissomethingyoulearned20yearsago,chancesaregoodthatyourmemoryofwhatitlookedlikewhenyoufirstencountereditisunclear.“It’seasy,”saystheprofessorwhocan’tunderstandwhythestudentdoesn’tgetit.Buttothestudentstrugglingtounderstand,it’snoteasy;anotherstudentmayhavemoreempathyandawaytoexplainitthatperhapswouldn’toccurtotheprofessor.Inaddition,studentsfeelsafergoingtoapeerthantotheprofessor.Peersareequals,fellowlearners.Professorsknowsomuchmorethatitcanbeintimidating.Whowantstolookstupid,confused,orunabletounderstandsomethinginfrontoftheprofessor?Whatiftheprofessorrememberstheencounterwhengivingoutgrades?Ifstudentsgotoanotherstudent,heorshemaynotknowtheanswer,butatleastthereisnoriskoflookingstupidorhavingitaffectyourgrade.So,peershavesometeachingadvantagesthatteachersarehardtogain.Butwhatifastudentpassesalongwronginformationorteachesthecontentincorrectly?Therealityofthathappeningroundsusbacktotheneedforteachersandstudentstothinkdifferentlyaboutmistakes—seeingthemasopportunitiesforlearning,morepowerfulthanfirstlandingonthecorrectanswer.Yes,mistakescanbecostly,buttheyaren’tascostlyincollegeastheywillbeonthejobandinlife.Moreover,courseshaveteacherspresenttoensurethatthecorrectanswerispartofwhat’slearnedfrommakingthemistake.Topic:PeerLearningOutlineSupportingdetailsConcernsoverpeerlearning•Theyarenot1.____________asateacherduetoashortageofprofessionalknowledge.•They’relikelytobeteachingorlearning2.____________content.3.____________ofpeerlearning•Peerlearningenablesstudentstoget4.____________helpfromtheirpeers.•Peerstudentshavetheirown5.____________togetthemessageacrosstoeachotherwithouttheapplicationofacademicterms.•Peerstudentswiththesamerecentlearningexperiencecanhelpothersto6.____________moreeasilyandaremorelikelytofindawaythatis7.____________totheprofessor.•Studentshaveasenseof8.____________whenturningtotheirpeersandifaskingtheirprofessorforhelp,theymayleavean9.____________impressiononhim,thusaffectingtheirgrade.Conclusion•Withitsownteachingadvantages,peerlearningis10.____________tryingwhetherpeersareofferedrightorwronganswers.【解题导语】本文为一篇议论文,主要讲的是同伴学习的好处。1.qualified解析:信息转换题。根据第二段中的“Theydon’thaveenoughexpertknowledge,whichmakesithighlylikelythattheyareteachingcontentatasuperficial(浅显的)level.”可知,人们认为同伴因缺乏足够的专业知识而没有资格当老师。bequalifiedas“适于做,有担任……的资格”。2.incorrect解析:信息转换题。根据第二段最后一句“Chancesarealsogoodthatstudentsareteachingandlearningsomeofthecontentincorrectly.”可知,人们还担心同伴教的内容和学的内容不正确。3.Benefits/Advantages/Profit解析:信息概括题。根据第三至六段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知,此处主要讲的是向同伴学习的好处。4.timely解析:信息转换题。根据第三段中的“whodotheyaskfirst...orregistersanopinion”可知,学生有了问题第一时间询问的是他们的同伴,而不是老师,相比之下,从同伴那儿更能得到及时的帮助。timely“及时的”。5.language/way解析:直接信息题。根据第四段中的“Forstarters,peersspeakeachother’slanguage.No,it’snotacademictalks.Butitisalanguage”可知,同伴可以用他们自己明白且易懂的语言而非复杂难懂的专业术语进行交流。此处亦可填way“方式,方法”。6.understand解析:信息转换题。根据第五段中的“Buttothestudentstrugglingtounderstand,it’snoteasy;anotherstudentmayhavemoreempathyandawaytoexplainitthatperhapswouldn’toccurtotheprofessor.”可知,有着相似学习经历的同伴可以帮助他人更好地理解所学的内容。7.strange/foreign解析:信息转换题。根据第五段中的“anotherstudent...thatperhapswouldn’toccurtotheprofessor”可知,同伴之间使用的教学方法也许会是老师想不到的。(be)strange/foreigntosb.“对于某人来说是陌生的”。8.safety/security解析:信息转换题。根据第六段的首句“Inaddition,studentsfeelsafergoingtoapeerthantotheprofessor.”可知,学生觉得向同伴学习的话会更有安全感。9.unfavorable解析:信息转换题。根据第六段的内容可知,学生担心去问老师的话会给老师留下不好的印象,从而对自己的成绩评定不利。10.worth解析:信息概括题。文章最后一段总结全文,作者认为尽管向同伴学习存在一些令人担心的因素,但是考虑到错误在学习的过程中也是一种学习机会,因此作者认为这种学习方法是值得尝试的。beworthdoing“值得做”。B卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)完形填空Manystudentsoftensaythattheydon’thave“enoughtime”todoalltheirschoolwork.My__1__isoftenbrief,“Youhaveasmuchtimeasthepresident.”Iusuallycarryonabitabout__2__twentyfourhoursinthedayforeveryone,andsuggestthat“notenoughtime”isnota(n)__3__explanationof__4__somethingdone.__5__ingraduateschool,Itriedtoprovetooneofmyprofessors__6__sayingthatIwasworkinghard.Hisanswertomewas,“That’sirrelevant.__7__isimportantisthe__8__ofyourwork.”SincethenIhavehadtimetothinkcarefullyaboutthetrickof“__9__”,andIhavecometosome__10__allrelevanttotheproblemofhowmuchtimewehave.Ifyouanalyzethematter,youcanidentifytwopartsoftheproblem:Thereis,__11__,thematterof“time”,whichwecanthinkof__12__.Thenthereistheproblemof“work”duringthattime.But,asmyprofessorsuggested,it’snothowhardoneworks__13__thequalityoftheproductthat’simportant.Thatledmetoanewidea:thequalityofthework.That__14__isperhapsbestexplainedbyasignIoncesawonthewallinsomeone’soffice:“Don’tworkharder.__15__.”Thereisalotofsenseinthatidea.Ifyoucan’tgetmoretime,andfewofuscan,theonlysolutionistoimprovethequalityofthework.Thatmeansthinkingofwaystogetmoreoutof__16__timethanwemightotherwiseget.Thatshouldleadustoananalysisofourworkhabits.Since“work”forstudentsusuallymeans“homework”,theexpression“workhabits”shouldbereadas“__17__habits”.Then,asasmartstudent,youwill__18__thoseskillsthatyouuseinstudy,_19__readingandwriting.Ifyoulearntoreadbetterandwritebetter,therearebigbenefitsthat__20__inallyourstudies.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文,主要论述了“工作和学习不要总是强调更勤奋,而应当强调更聪明”这一观点,指出应当提高自己的工作质量和工作效率,而不是一味强调“勤奋”。1.A.question B.ideaC.reply D.keyC解析:根据该句中的“Youhaveasmuchtimeasthepresident.”可知,该处回答了上文的疑问;C项意为“回答”,故C项正确。A项意为“问题”,B项意为“想法”,D项意为“关键,答案”,都与语境不符。2.A.therebeing B.thereareC.therebe D.theretobeA解析:根据该句中的“twentyfourhoursinthedayforeveryone”可知,每个人每天都有24小时,故用“therebe”结构,表示“存在,有”,介词about后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语,故A项正确。3.A.strange B.acceptableC.surprising D.demandingB解析:根据语境可知,每个人每天都有24小时,所以“没有足够的时间”作为解释是不能接受的;B项意为“可接受的”,故B项正确。A项意为“奇怪的”;C项意为“令人惊讶的”;D项意为“要求高的,费力的”。4.A.nogetting B.notgettingC.noletting D.notlettingB解析:根据语境可知,每个人每天都有24小时,所以“没有足够的时间”不能解释没有完成工作。getsomethingdone为固定搭配,意为“完成某事”,该处表示否定,前面用not,故B项正确。5.A.Sincethen B.JustnowC.Ever D.OnceD解析:根据该句中的“Itriedtoprovetooneofmyprofessors”,结合下文的“Hisanswertomewas”可知,该处叙述的是一件过去发生的事情,D项意为“曾经”,故D项正确。A项意为“从那时起”;B项意为“刚刚,刚才”;C项意为“曾经”。6.A.by B.inC.on D.uponA解析:根据该句中的“sayingthatIwasworkinghard”可知,“我”试图通过说“我”自己工作勤奋来向“我”的一位教授证明自己;A项表示方式,故A项正确。7.A.That B.WhatC.Whether D.IfB解析:分析该句结构可知,空处引导主语从句,也作该从句的主语,故用连接代词what;该句意“重要的是你的工作质量”,故B项正确。8.A.quantity B.amountC.number D.qualityD解析:根据上文中的“Iwasworkinghard”,结合该句语境和第三段最后一句中的“quality”可知,教授对“工作勤奋”的回答是“重要的是工作质量”;D项意为“质量”,故D项正确。A项意为“数量”;B项意为“数量”;C项意为“数字”。9.A.hardworker B.honeststudentC.busypresident D.futuregraduateA解析:根据该段第一句中的“Iwasworkinghard”,结合空前一句教授对此的回应可知,从那时起“我”就开始仔细思考“勤奋工作者”的技巧;A项和“workinghard”匹配,故A项正确。B项意为“诚实的学生”;C项意为“忙碌的总统”;D项意为“未来的毕业生”。10.A.constructions B.contributionsC.conclusions D.concentrationsC解析:根据该句中的“Ihavecometo”,结合下文内容可知,就此问题,“我”已经得出结论。C项意为“结论”,故C项正确。A项意为“建筑”;B项意为“贡献”;D项意为“集中”。11.A.ofcourse B.infactC.asaresult D.asawholeA解析:根据语境并结合常识可知,这一问题中最重要的当然是时间;A项意为“当然”,故A项正确。B项意为“事实上,实际上”;C项意为“结果是……”;D项意为“作为整体”。12.A.iffollowed B.iffixedC.asfollowed D.asfixedD解析:根据空后一句“Thenthereistheproblemof‘work’duringthattime.”可知,接下来是在此期间的“工作”问题;据此可以判断,该处是说,人们总是认为时间是固定不变的,故D项正确。13.A.so B.butC.nor D.andB解析:根据该句中的“it’snothowhardoneworks______thequalityoftheproductthat’simportant”可知,并不是工作多么勤奋,而是产品的质量才是重要的;not...but...为固定搭配,意为“不是……而是……”。14.A.concept B.senseC.explanation D.solutionA解析:根据上文中的“anewidea”可知,该处指这种新观念(concept),故A项正确。B项意为“感觉”;C项意为“解释”;D项意为“解决办法”。15.A.Workmoresmartly B.WorkfasterC.Thinktwice D.ThinkaloudA解析:根据上文中的“Don’tworkharder.”可知,工作不要更努力;据此可以判断,空处与此对应,意为“工作要更聪明”,故A项正确。B项意为“工作更快”;C项意为“三思而行”;D项意为“自言自语”。16.A.alittle B.themoreC.theless D.thesameD解析:根据语境可知,更聪明地工作意味着在同一时间内想出能得到更多的方法,故D项正确。17.A.living B.studyC.thinking D.sleepingB解析:根据该句中的“Since‘work’forstudentsusuallymeans‘homework’,theexpression‘workhabits’shouldbereadas”可知,对于学生来说,工作即是家庭作业,故“工作习惯”即为“学习习惯”,B项意为“学习”,故B项正确。A项意为“生活”;C项意为“思考”;D项意为“睡眠”。18.A.seekimproving B.seektoimproveC.findimproving D.findtoimproveB解析:根据语境并结合常识可知,作为一个聪明的学生,你要寻求高效学习的技能,故用seektoimprove,故B项正确。19.A.chiefly B.brieflyC.actually D.occasionallyA解析:根据下文中的“Ifyoulearntoreadbetterandwritebetter”并结合常识可知,该处指学生主要在阅读和写作上提高自己;A项意为“主要地”,故A项正确。B项意为“暂时地,简要地”;C项意为“事实上”;D项意为“偶尔,间或”。20.A.arepaid B.ispaidC.paysoff D.payoffD解析:根据语境可知,如果你学会更好地写作和阅读,则你的所有学习将取得巨大的回报。D项意为“成功,奏效”,故D项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)阅读理解AWedonotusuallythinkabouthowourlanguageworks.Talkingissuchanatural,everydayactivitythatwedonotoftenstoptoconsiderhowitactuallyworks.Whenwedostudyourlanguage,though,weareoftensurprisedthatweareabletounderstandourconversations.Wordscanmeansomanydifferentthings.However,itturnsoutthatthespeakingsituationhelpsalotinmakinglanguagework.First,thespeakingsituationhelpsmakewordsmoreparticular.Forexample,theword“dog”candescribeadogthataspeakersawinadream.Itcanalsobeusedtodiscussaneighbor’sdog.Nolanguagehasaseparatewordfortheidea“dogthatIsawyesterday”andanotherwordfortheidea“dogthatIsawinadream”.Thisisbecausethespeakingsituationmakesitclearwhatspeakersmeanwhentheyusewords.So,whenyouhaveaconversationwithyourneighbor,theknowledgethatyouhaveadogtellsyourneighborwhattheword“dog”probablymeansinthatsituation.Thespeakingsituationalsohelpsmakelanguageclearer.Forexample,theword“bank”hastwopossiblemeanings.Itcanmean“aplacewherepeoplekeepmoney”,butitcanalsomean“thesideofariver”.Sothesentence“Iwenttothebank”isnotclear.ItcouldmeanIwenttothesideoftheriveroritcouldmeanIwenttotheplacewheremymoneyiskept.However,ifthespeakeristalkingaboutfishingorgoingtothemountains,othersprobablyknowthat“bank”means“thesideofariver”.Thethingsthatspeakerssaymaynotalwaysbeclear.Sometimesthewordsarenotveryparticular,butthespeakingsituationcanprovidethemeaning.Othertimeswordsmayhavemanymeanings.Thenthespeakingsituationlimitstherightmeaning.Thisextraknowledgefromthesituationisveryimportanttounderstandlanguage.【解题导语】本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。1.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thebesttimeandplacetotalktoothersB.howthespeakingsituationhelpslanguageworkC.whattosayindifficultsituationsD.howourlanguageworksB解析:主旨大意题。本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用,故选B。2.Accordingtothepassage,wecansafelysaythat________.A.thespeakingsituationdoesnotaffectthemeaningofwordsB.speakingisnotverynaturalformostpeopleC.thespeakingsituationisnotimportantD.peopleoftendonotconsiderhowtalkingworksD解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wedonotusuallythinkabouthowourlanguageworks.Talkingissuchanatural,everydayactivitythatwedonotoftenstoptoconsiderhowitactuallyworks.”可知,故选D。3.Byusingtheexampleoftheword“dog”,thewriterwantstoshowthat________.A.awordmayneedtobeexplainedinaconversationB.awordmayhavedifferentmeaningsC.thespeakingsituationhelpspeopleunderstandtheparticularmeaningofawordD.themeaningofwordsisnotparticularC解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句话“First,thespeakingsituationhelpsmakewordsmoreparticular.”和下文的“Forexample”可知,下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话,故选C。4.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthemeaningoftheword“bank”byreferringto________.A.thetimeandtheplacewheretheconversationhappensB.theoccupationofthepersonwhousesthewordC.earlierorlaterpartsoftheconversationD.areliabledictionaryC解析:细节理解题。根据第三段所讲,作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义,故选C。BAEuropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthefirsttime.Itusesthree-dimensional(3-D)printingtorecreatefamouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s“TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedereMuseuminVienna,Austria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesandhavetheirarmsaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthep
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