l-现代大学英语精读2-lesson1

LessonOneAnotherSchoolYear---WhatFor?

IntroductionTopicdiscussion:Whatdoyougotocollegefor?Howhasyourfirstsemesterinuniversitychangedyou?Whatdoyouexpectfromanewsemester?Doyouthinkyoucanfulfilthat?Ifyouthinkyoucan,how?Ifyouthinkyoucan’t,whynot?

MemorableQuotes1.Ineducationwearestrivingnottoteachyouthtomakealiving,buttomakealife.----WilliamWhite2.Thefoundationofeverystateistheeducationoftheyouth.----Diogenes3.Ihaveneverletmyschoolinginterferewithmyeducation.----MarkTwainTheauthorJohnCiardi

1916-1986achildofItalianimmigrantsBeganhiscareerteachingEnglishattheUniversityofKansasCityJoinedtheUSAirForcein1942,servedasagunnerinfighterplaneswentontoteachatHarvardUniversityin1946in1953acceptedapositionatRutgersUniversityin1961,gaveupteachinganddevotedhimselftohisownliteraryendeavors.Poet,translator,etymologist〔语源学家〕Majorworks:Firstbookofpoems,HomewardtoAmerica,1940OtherSkies,focusingonhiswar-timeexperience,1947HowDoesaPoemMean,astandardtextbookforhighschoolandcollegepoetrycoursesTranslationofDante’sDivineComedy(TheInferno,1954;ThePurgatorio,1961;TheParadiso,1970)Influence:AverypopularpoetPoetryeditorofSaturdayReviewfrom1956to1972FellowoftheNationalAcademyofArtsandSciencesandamemberandformerpresidentoftheNationalInstituteofArtsandLettersHisInfluenceGenreOrientationspeechperiodoftimeatthebeginningoftheacademicyearata

universityduringwhichavarietyofeventsareheldtoorientandwelcomenew

students.Theorientationhelpsnewstudentstoorganizetheirclasses,acclimatetostudentlife,andintroducethemselvestoothernewstudents.Speechesareoftengivenatorientationbypresidentsoracclaimedprofessorsoftheuniversity.AudienceCollegefreshmenStylecolloquial,familiar;firsthumorous,mildlysarcastic;laterseriousandearnestVocabularyThemeWhatisthepurposeofuniversityeducation?

Universityeducationhasatwo-foldpurposeToprovidestudentswithtechnical&professionaltrainingToeducatestudentstobecomecivilizedhumanbeingsStructurePartI:Story(Para.1-8)Thewriter’sencounterwithastudentandhisfailuretoconvincehimthatapharmacymajorneedstoreadgreatwriters.PartII:Argument(Para.9-14)Thetwo-foldpurposeofuniversityeducationPartIPara.1:AstudentcametohisofficetoquestiontheuseofthecoursehewasteachingPara.2:Thewriterwantedtotellhimthatauniversityoffersbothtrainingandeducation.Para.3-6:Buthetriedtoexplaintheimportanceofeducationbydescribingtothestudenthowhewouldspendhis24-hourdayaftercollege.Para.7-8:Thestudentwasnotconvincedandsaidheattendedcollegeonlytomakemoney.PartIIPara.9:Auniversitydoesnottrainmechanizedsavagesbutspecialistsarmedwithwhatthebesthumanmindshavethought.Para.10-11:Atuniversity,studentslearnwhatgreatscholarshavediscoveredinthepast.Para.12-13:Tobewelldevelopedhumanbeingsandusefulmembersofsociety,studentsshouldreadgreatbooks.Para.14:Insummary,thepurposeofauniversityistoproducespecialistswhoarealsocivilizedhumans.Questions1.Whatdidthewriterdoafterhewasfreshfromgraduateschool?2.Whydidthestudentcometoseehimintheoffice?3.Howdidthewriterreasonwiththestudent?

1)DidhestartwiththereasonswhyuniversitiesshouldprovideSswithbothtrainingandeducation?2)Whydidthewriterdosomecalculation?3)Doyouthinkthestudentwasconvinced?4.Whatisthewriter’sviewonthepurposeofauniversity?StyleBasicallyacolloquial&familiarstyle;PartI:humorous&mildlysarcastic;PartII:serious&earnestP10:PreviewPara.1:Letmetellyouoneoftheearliestdisastersinmycareerasateacher.LetmetellyousththathappenedwhenIfirstbecameateacher.Itwasoneoftheexaperatingexperiencesinthefirstdaysofmyteachingcareer.Disaster:anunexpectedeventsuchasaverybadaccident,afloodorafirethatkillsalotofpeopleorcausesalotofdamage.Here:usedinformally,“acompletefailure”.CareervsjobDetailedAnalysisPara.1:IwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKansasCity.IhadjustcompletedmygraduatestudiesandbeganteachingattheUniversityofKansasCity.Befreshoutof/fromsth:havingjustcomefromaparticularplave;havingjusthadaparticularexperiences.fresher/freshman,sophomore,junior,senior,graduate,postgraduateDetailedAnalysisPara.1:Partofthestudentbodywasabeanpolewithhairontopwhocameintomycalss,satdown,foldedhisarms,andlookedatmeasiftosay“Allright,teachmesth.”Thesentencetellsuswhatanunfavorableimpressionthestudentleftonthewriterthefirstdayhecametoclass.Beanpole:atallthinpersonPartofthestudentbody:oneofthestudents.thestudentbody:allthestudentsoftheuniversityAlaw-makingbody立法机构Para.2:NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.ThoughIwasanewteacher,IknewIcouldtellhimwhatauniversitywasfor,butIdidn’t.Newtosth:notyetfamiliarwithsthbecauseyouhaveonlyjuststarted,arrived,etc.Para.2:Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinadrugstore-mechanicsschool,butinacollegeandthatattheendofhiscoursemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience.IcouldhavetoldhimthathewasnotgettingtrainingforajobinatechinicalschoolbutdoingaBSatauniversity.Pointout:todrawattentionto/toinformsb.ofsth.Meantodosth:tointendtodosthReachforsth:totrytoobtainsthReadBachelorofScience:tohaveBachelorofSciencewrittenonthescrollPara.2:Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory.TheB.S.certificatewouldbeofficialproofthattheholderhadspecialknowledgeofpharmacy,anditwouldalsoprovethathehadbeenputintouchwithsomeprofoundideasofthepast.Certifythat:Tostateofficially,esp.inwritingthat…Para.3:Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn’tgoingtobearoundlongenoughforittomatter.Ididn’tactuallysayallthistohim,becauseIdidn’tthinkhewouldstayatcollege/inmyclassverylong,soitwouldn’tbeveryimportantwhetherornotheknewwhatuniversityeducationwasfor.Bearound:tobepresentinaplace,tobeavailableMatter:tobeimportantortohaveanimportanteffectonsb./sth.Eg.Itdoesn’tmatter.Para.4:Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitthisway…Insteadoftellinghimtheimportanceofanall-aroundeducation,Itriedtoconvincehimfromaverypraticalpointofview.Put:toexpressorsaysthinaparticularwayeg.Canyouputitinanotherway?Para.5:Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn’tjumpthefence,orthatyourclientdoesn’tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompetence.Youhavetotakeresponsibilityfortheworkyoudo,usingyourprofessionalskills.Ifyouareapharmacist,youshouldmakesurethatmedicineisnotmixedwithpoison;ifyouareanengineer,youshouldmakesurethatthefenceyoudesignisstrongenoughtokeepourbulls.Ifyouarealawyer,youshouldmakesurethatyourinnocentclientisnotsentencedtodeathbecauseyoulackadequateskillandknowledgetodefendhim.Seetoitthat:tomakesurethatGototheelectricchair:tobepunishedbybeingkilledontheelectricchairPara.5:Alongwitheverything,theywillprobablybewhatputsfoodonyourtable,supportsyourwife,andrearsyourchildren.Inadditiontoallotherthings(suchassatisfaction)theseprofessionsoffer,theyprovideyouwithalivingsothatyoucansupportafamily—wifeandchildren.Alongwith:inadditiontosb/sth;inthesamewayassb/sthPara.6:Willthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?Willyourchildreneverhearyoutalkaboutsthproundathome?Beexposedto(usu.anewideaorfeeling):tobegivenexperienceof,orintroducedtoeg.Studyingabroad,hewasexposedroanewwayoflife.Reasonably:todegreethatisfairlyhighbutnotveryhighPenetratingidea:anideathatrequirestheabilityofunderstandingclearlyanddeeplyPara.6:Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect?Willyoubeheadofafamilywhobringsupthekidsinademocraticspirit?Presideover:tobeinchargeortocontrolameetingoranevent,hereusedhumorouslyMaintaincontactwith:tokeepintouchwith,hereusedfigurativelyThegreatdemocraticintellect:thelevelofideaspossibleinasocietybasedonthebeliefthatallpeopleareequalpoliticallyorsociallyPara.9:…buttoputyouintouchwithwhatthebesthumanmindshavethought.…toexposeyouto/makeyouunderstandtheideas,opinionsandthinkingofthebestphilosophers,scientists,writersandartistsinhumanhistory.Para.8:you’regoingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyouarenotsigningchecks.Ifyoudont’haveanyothergoalinlifeapartfrommakingmoney,youwillhavenothinginterestingandmeaningfultodowhenyouarenotpayingforyourshopping.Bestuckforsth:nottoknowwhattodoinaparticularsituationSigningchecks:payingforwhatyou’veboughtbysigningchecksPara.9:IfyouhavenotimeforShakespear,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuityofthefinearts,forthatlessonofman’sdevelopmentwecallhistory—theyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege.Ifyoudon’twanttoimproveyourmindandbroadenyourhorizonsbystudyingalittleliterature,philosophy,thefineartsandhistory,yousholdn’tbestudyinghereatcollege.Lesson:anexperiencewhichactsasawarningtoyouotanexamplefromwhichyoushouldlearnMan:thehumanraceHavenobusinessdoingsth/havenobusinesstodosth:tohavenorighttodosth,shouldn’thavebeen/bedoingsthPara.9:Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-buttonNeanderthal.Youwillsoonbecomeanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyworkmachinesandoperatemechanicalequipment,notknowinganythingaboutliterature,music,philosophy,history,orart./youwillbenodifferentfromsavagesexceptforthefactthatyoucanpushbuttonsandoperatemachines.Onthe/one’swayto:onthepointofexperiencingorachievingThepush-buttonNeanderthal:anuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyuse/operatemachinesbypushingthebuttonsPara.9:Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidthattheywenttocollege;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.Anumberofsuchpush-buttonsavagesgercollegedegrees.Wecannothelpthat.Butevenwiththeirdegrees,wecan’tsaythatthesepeoplehavereceivedapropercollegeeducation.Itismoreaccuratetosaythatthesecollegeyearshavejustpassedthembywithoutleavinganythingonthem.Para.10:Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobeacivilizedhuman.Tobecomeacivilizedperson,youneedtoknowmanythings,andyoucannotinventeverythingbyyourself,becauseyourlifeistooshort.Asinglelifetime:thetimeduringwhichapersonisaliveAcivilizedhuman:apersonwhoispleasant,charming,well-mannered,butaboveall,well-educatedPara.11:Youknowmorebecausetheyleftyouwhattheyknew,becauseyoucanstartfromwhatthepastlearnedforyou.Youknowmoreaboutphysicsnotbecauseyou’remoretalentedthanthosescholarsofthepast,butbecausetheylefttheirknowledgetoyou.Inotherwords,allhumankknowledgehasbeenaccumulatedbypeoplelivinginthepastandhasbeenpassedontous.Youdonothavetostartfromtheverybeginning;youcanstartwherethegreatscholarsleftoff.Whatthepastlearnedforyou:whatpeopleinthepastlearnedandpassedontoyouPara.12:Andasthisistrueofthetechiniquesofmankind,soitistrueofmankind’sspiritualresources.Thisisthewaywelearnanddevelopthetechiniquesofmankind.Thisisalsohowweinheritandadvancemankind’sspiritualresources.人类技术的开展是如此，人类精神财富的累积也是如此。Betrueof(apersonorasituation):toapplytoPara.12:ReadHomerandyourmindincludesapieceofHomer’smind.WhenyoureadHomer’sworks,youaresuretoleanrsomeofhisinsights.读一读荷马的史诗，你的头脑里就有了荷马的一些思想。Para.12:Foragreatbookisnecessarilyagift;itoffersyoualifeyouhavenotthetimetoliveyourself,andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.Becauseagreatbookissthgiventousasagifttoenrichourlives,itpresentstoyouakindoflifeyoudon’thaveachancetoexperienceyourself,anditdescribesforyouplacesyoudon’thavetimetovisit.Inliteraltime:inrealityPara.12:Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds.Basically,aculturedandeducatedpersonshouldknowaboutsuchgreatvarietyoflivesandworkds.Inessence:basically,bynatureeg.Heisinessenceanout-goingperson.Para.12:Ifyouaretoomuchinahurry,ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,toacceptasagifttoyourhumanitysomepiecesofthemindsofAristotle,orChaucer,orEinstein,youareneitheradevelopedhumannorausefulcitizenofademocracy.Ifyouaretooanxioustoleaveschoolearly(sothatyoucanstarttomakemoney),(orifyouare)tooignoranttoseeyourlimitations,toacceptsomeofthethinkingofthegreatmenassomethingthatwillhelpcultivateinyouthequalityofbeingahumanbeing,youdonotdeservetobecalledawell-educatedandculturedcitizenofademocraticsociety.Para.14:Ispeak,I’msure,forthefacultyoftheliberalartscollegeandforthefacultiesofthespecializedschoolaswell…Myremarksapplyto…andthesameistrueof…Liberalarts:subjectsofstudythatdevelopstudents’generalknowledgeandabilitytothinkmratherthantheirtechnicalskills大学文科Liberalartscollege:〔大学里的〕文学院Thespecializedschools:departmentsofauniversitythatteachparticularsubjectorskill,eg.Medicalschool/lawschoolPara.14:…auniversityhasnorealexistenceandnorealpurposeexceptasitsucceedsinputtingyouintouch,bothasspecialistsandashumans,withthosehumanmindsyourhumanmindneedstoinclude.Thepurposeofauniversityistoexposeitsstudentstothebestofhumanthoughtsthattheyneedtolearnbothaspro