2023-2024考研中医中药知识点大总结

2024考研中医中药知识点大总结

----含功效、歌诀

目录

攵

寒

药

⅛风

1.N。8

麻

苟

爸

七

黄

香慈浮萍8

紫

七

苏

爸

苟桂枝.

生8

多

姜

爸

专

玄葱白.8

5名

L:荆芥、防风..8

名

李

号:羌活、藁本…

名9

去

有

L:细辛、白芷..

名

苟9

玄

L:辛夷、苍耳子9

2.9

次

名:蔓荆子、薄荷

一9

名

多:牛芳子、蝉蜕10

名

冬:桑叶、菊花..10

名

名

一:柴胡、升麻..10

名

冬:葛根.......

名10

多i4∙

7*√:淡豆豉.....Ll

1.清热泻火药.......................................................11

药名：竹叶、淡竹叶、芦根......................................11

药名：生石膏、爆石膏、知母....................................H

药名：桅子、天花粉.............................................11

药名：夏枯草、决明子..........................................12

药名：密蒙花...................................................12

2.清热燥湿药.......................................................12

药名：黄连、黄苓、黄柏........................................12

药名：龙胆、苦参、白鲜皮......................................12

药名：秦皮、椿皮...............................................13

3.清热解毒药.......................................................13

药名：金银花、连翘.............................................13

药名：穿心莲、板蓝根..........................................13

药名：大青叶、青黛.............................................13

药名：白花蛇舌草、蒲公英......................................13

药名：紫花地丁、野菊花........................................14

药名：重楼、贯众...............................................14

药名：漏芦、土茯苓.............................................14

药名：鱼腥草、败酱草..........................................14

药名：大血藤...................................................14

药名：射干、山豆根、青果（了解）.............................15

药名：马勃.....................................................15

药名：白头翁、鸦胆子..........................................15

药名：马齿命...................................................15

药名：山慈菇、半边莲.......................................15

药名：熊胆粉...............................................16

4.清热凉血药...................................................16

药名：生地黄、玄参.........................................16

药名：牡丹皮、赤芍、紫草...................................16

药名：水牛角、白薇.........................................16

5.清虚热药.....................................................16

药名：青蒿、地骨皮.........................................17

药名：银柴胡、胡黄连.......................................17

04泻下药..........................................................17

L攻下药.......................................................17

药名：大黄.................................................17

药名：芒硝、番泻叶、芦荟...................................17

2.润下药.......................................................18

药名：火麻仁、郁李仁.......................................18

3.峻下逐水药...................................................18

药名：京大戟、甘遂、芫花...................................18

药名：商陆、牵牛子.........................................18

药名：巴豆霜...............................................18

05祛风湿药........................................................18

1.祛风寒湿药...................................................18

药名：独活、防己...........................................18

药名：威灵仙...............................................19

药名：川乌、草乌...........................................19

药名：乌梢蛇、崭（qi）蛇...................................19

药名：木瓜.................................................19

药名：海风藤...............................................19

药名：昆明山海棠...........................................20

2.祛风湿热药...................................................20

药名：秦芜、桑枝、皤釜草...................................20

药名：臭梧桐、海桐皮.......................................20

药名：络石藤...............................................20

药名：雷公藤...............................................20

3.祛风湿强筋骨药...............................................21

药名：五加皮、香加皮.......................................21

药名：桑寄生、杜仲、续断...................................21

药名：狗脊.................................................21

06化湿药..........................................................21

药名：广蕾香、佩兰.........................................21

药名：苍术、厚朴（PO）.....................................22

药名：砂仁.................................................22

药名：草豆蔻、白豆蔻.......................................22

药名：草果.................................................22

06利水渗湿药......................................................22

1.利水消肿药...................................................22

药名：茯苓、慧及仁.........................................22

药名：猪苓、泽泻...........................................23

2.利尿通淋药...................................................23

药名：车前子、滑石.........................................23

药名：木通、通草...........................................23

药名：瞿麦、篇蓄...........................................23

药名：地肤子、海金沙.......................................23

药名：石韦、冬葵子.........................................24

药名：灯心草、草薜.........................................24

3.利湿退黄药...................................................24

药名：茵陈、金钱草.........................................24

药名：虎杖.................................................24

药名：珍珠草...............................................25

07温里药..........................................................25

药名：附子、肉桂...........................................25

药名：干姜、高良姜.........................................25

药名：吴茱萸、小茴香.......................................25

药名：丁香、花椒...........................................26

药名：胡椒、草芨（BiBd）、草澄茄..........................26

07理气药..........................................................26

药名：陈皮、青皮...........................................26

药名：枳实、枳壳...........................................26

药名：沉香、檀（tan）香、木香..............................26

药名：川楝子、乌药.........................................27

药名：荔枝核、香附.........................................27

药名：佛手.................................................27

药名：香橡（yuan）＞梅花...................................27

药名：玫瑰花、甦白.........................................28

药名：大腹皮、甘松.........................................28

药名：刀豆、柿蒂...........................................28

08.消食药..........................................................28

药名：山楂、六神曲.........................................28

药名：麦芽、稻芽...........................................29

药名：莱瓶子、鸡内金.......................................29

08.驱虫药..........................................................29

药名：南瓜子、鹤草芽、苦楝皮...............................29

药名：使君子、雷丸、槟郎、棚子（f6i）......................29

08止血药..........................................................30

1.凉血止血药...................................................30

药名：凉血止血药都有哪些？.................................30

药名：小蓟、大蓟、地榆.....................................30

药名：槐花、侧柏叶.........................................30

药名：白茅根、芝麻根.......................................30

2.化瘀止血药.................................................30

药名：三七、茜草、蒲黄.....................................30

药名：降香.................................................31

3.收敛止血药.................................................31

药名：白及、仙鹤草、紫珠叶.................................31

药名：棕稠炭、血余炭.......................................31

4.温经止血药.................................................31

药名：艾叶、炮姜、灶心土...................................31

09活血化瘀药......................................................32

1.活血止痛药...................................................32

药名：延胡索、川茸.........................................32

药名：姜黄、莪（e）术、三棱................................32

药名：郁金.................................................32

药名：乳香、没药...........................................32

药名：五灵脂、血竭、（降香）...............................33

2.活血调经药.................................................33

药名：丹参、红花...........................................33

药名：桃仁、月季花.........................................33

药名：益母草、泽兰.........................................33

药名：牛膝.................................................34

药名：鸡血藤、王不留行.....................................34

3.活血疗伤药.................................................34

药名：土鳖虫、自然铜.......................................34

药名：马钱子、苏木.........................................35

药名：骨碎补、（血竭）.....................................35

药名：儿茶.................................................35

药名：刘寄奴...............................................35

4.破血消瘤药.................................................35

药名：水虫至、虻虫（Meng）＞斑螫...........................36

10化痰止咳平喘药..................................................36

1.温化寒痰药.................................................36

药名：半夏、旋覆花.........................................36

药名：天南星、胆南星、白附子...............................36

药名：芥子、皂荚...........................................36

药名：白前，前胡...........................................37

2.清化热痰药.................................................37

药名：川贝母、浙贝母、瓜篓.................................37

药名：竹茹、竹沥、天竺黄...................................37

药名：桔梗、胖大海、（前胡）...............................38

药名：昆布、海藻...........................................38

药名：黄药子、海蛤壳、海浮石...............................38

药名：碳石.................................................38

3.止咳平喘药.................................................39

药名：苦杏仁、紫苏子.......................................39

名

玄&

L：百部、紫荒、款冬花39

名

名θ

一：马兜铃、枇杷叶....39

名

名θ

一

名：桑白皮、拿茄子・•・・

支39

与

一：白果、洋金花.....40

1.重镇安神药...................................................40

药名：朱砂、琥珀...........................................40

药名：龙骨、磁石...........................................40

2.养心安神药...................................................40

药名：酸枣仁、柏子仁.......................................40

药名：灵芝、首乌藤.........................................41

药名：合欢皮、迹志.........................................41

11平肝熄风药......................................................41

1.平抑肝阳药...................................................41

药名：石决明、珍珠母.......................................41

药名：代赭石、牡蛎.........................................41

药名：刺茨藜、罗布麻叶.....................................42

2.息风止痉药...................................................42

药名：羚羊角、钩藤、天麻...................................42

药名：牛黄、珍珠...........................................42

药名：全蝎、娱蚣...........................................43

药名：地龙、僵蚕...........................................43

11开窍药..........................................................43

药名：麝香、石菖蒲.........................................43

药名：苏合香、冰片、蟾酥...................................43

12、13补虚药......................................................43

冬

5名

一人参.................................................44

名

专

冬党参、西洋参、太子参.................................44

名

专

冬

历黄茜.................................................44

⅞名

次白术、山药...........................................

名44

专

一白扁豆、甘草.........................................

名45

专

至

右

名大枣、刺五加.........................................45

专

一

药绞股蓝、红景天、沙棘.................................45

、

k日

2不hɪl

名..........................................................................................................46

名5

一

名鹿茸、紫河车.........................................46

次

与

一

名巴戟天、淫羊蕾、仙茅.................................46

玄4

一

名肉疚蓉、锁阳、（杜仲）、（续断）.....................46

名5

一

名

名5补骨脂...............................................46

一

名益智仁...............................................

玄47

专

一

名菟丝子、沙苑子.......................................47

专

玄

名

一蛤蛉、核桃仁.........................................

专47

玄

什

一冬虫夏草.............................................

I上47

一

4玄名

4

7

*

L

48

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

地黄.

、熟

当归

i玄名

∙

t

p一

..48

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

阿胶.

玄白芍、

i名

∙

t一

p

48

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

...

....

龙眼肉

乌、

何首

k

不、W月药

l

.48

....

....

....

....

....