专题08 八上Units 7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点归纳）（解析版）- 备战2024年中考英语一轮复习

第第页专题08八上Units7-8（知识梳理+常考易错点归纳+强化提升练）（解析版）掌握7-8单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。一、词汇1.重点单词的含义及用法：fog雾；foggy有雾的；bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”；bebusywithsth忙于某事；haveahighfever发高烧；cough咳嗽；therestof剩余的;temperature温度；drops(alittle/abit/alot/much)温度下降一点/很多；dropbelow/dropto下降到；riseabove/riseto升到;hidefromtheAprilshower躲避四月的阵雨；playundertheshadeoftrees在树荫下玩耍；ArhymeswithBA与B押韵；buildatentoutofsticks用棍子搭建一个帐篷;freeze冻结,僵硬（freeze–froze—frozen）;frozen冻结的；sudden突然的;suddenly突然地;cause导致，引起;cover覆盖，封面;coversth.withsth.=becoveredwithsth被覆盖…;screaminfear恐惧地尖叫;inalldirections四面八方；betrapped被困住；saytooneself自言自语2.易混词辨析：befullof充满，装满=befilledwith；rise与raise的区别;among与between的区别；falldown落下，掉下；falloff从…掉下来；falldownfromthebike=falloffthebike从自行车上摔下来；fallover绊倒(脸朝下)；fallbehind落后;below/abovezero零度以下/以上;onrainy/snowydays;onahotsummerafternoon;inthelateafternoon=lateintheafternoon;intheearlymorning;withtemperatureinthethirties(温度)三十几度;inone’s+整十数字的复数“在某人几十岁的时候”；attheageof…在岁时;listento与hear的区别;alive和living的区别；findmywayout找到我的出路；gothroughmymind掠过我的脑海；since既然，由于;trytogetoutassoonaspossible尽快想办法出去二、句型1.Ibetyou'lllookcoolandfeelcoolwithnothingon！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！2.It’sthebesttimetoplayfootballoutside．这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。3.Theleavesturngreenandthetemperaturerisesquickly。树叶变绿，温度很快上升。4.Farmersarebusyharvestingcrops.农民们正忙于收割庄稼。5.Sunshineandblueskieswillstaywithusfortherestoftheweek.阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。Therestof+可数名词+谓语（复数）…therestofthewateris… Therestof+不可数名词+谓语（单数）…therestofmybooksare… Therewillbeafewshowerstoday,butitwillbewarm,withdaytimetemperaturesaround18or19degrees.今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在18到19摄氏度。7.Howistheweathertoday?=What’stheweatherliketoday?今天的天气怎么样？8.Beesandbutterfliesplayamongflowers,thenhidefromtheAprilshowers.9.Asthedaysareshorterandthetemperaturedrops.10.Wethrowsnowballsateachother，screamingandlaughing.我们互相扔雪球,叫着，笑着。11.Didn'tyouheartherain?难道你没有听见下雨（的声音）吗？12.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsincelwasstillalive。片刻的恐惧闪过我的脑海，但我告诉自己既然我还活着就要冷静下来。三、重点语法Unit7Unit8①动词分类②五种基本句型①过去进行时②when/while/as的用法区分动词可分为行为动词和连系动词五种基本句型的英文表达和类型判别过去进行时的一般用法和时间标志词过去进行时的特殊用法When/while/as这三者使用时的区别Unit7重点词汇和句型1.It’sthebesttimetoplayfootballoutside.这是在外面踢足球最好的时节。2.playamongflowers在花丛中嬉戏3.hidefromtheAprilshowers躲避四月的阵雨(hide-hid-hidden)4.sweetmemoriesofsummerdays夏日甜蜜的回忆 5.byapool在池塘边6.turnbrown/red变成褐色/红色turn+颜色或天气的形容词7.Farmersarebusyharvestingcrops.农民正忙于收割庄稼bebusydoingsth.=bebusywithsth.忙于做某事8.have/catchacold感冒have/catchabadcold重感冒catch—caught–catches9.haveahighfever发高烧10.anawfulday糟糕的一天（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）5.Tips:Forourownsafety,we’dbetternotstandunderbigtreeson________daysinsummer.A.sunny B.cloudy C.rainy D.foggy【答案】C【解析】句意：温馨提示：为了自身安全，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下。考查形容词辨析和常识。sunny晴朗的；cloudy多云的；rainy下雨的；foggy多雾的。根据“we’dbetternotstandunderbigtreeson...daysinsummer”和常识可知，夏天下雨天最好不要站在大树下，故选C。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）3.—Goodnews!TheShenzhouXIVmannedspacecrafthasbeensentintospacesuccessfully.—That________excitingandencouraging!A.turns B.tastes C.sounds D.smells【答案】C【解析】句意：——好消息！神舟十四号载人飞船已经成功发射到太空。——这听起来令人兴奋和鼓舞！考查动词辨析。turns转变；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据“Goodnews!TheShenzhouXIVmannedspacecrafthasbeensentintospacesuccessfully”可知是这个消息听起来很令人兴奋。故选C。（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）6.—Dad,what’sfordinner?It________nice!—I’mcookingchickensoup.A.tastes B.smells C.looks D.feels【答案】B【解析】考查系动词的词义辨析。这句话意思是：爸爸，晚饭要吃什么？这闻起来好香啊？（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）73.秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。_______________________________________________________________【答案】Inautumn,leavesturnyellowandfalloffthetrees.【解析】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时。表达“在秋天”用介词短语“inautumn”，是时间状语，放在句首。主语是“树叶”是复数概念，用复数名词“leaves”。表达“变”，用系动词“turn”。表达“黄”用形容词“yellow”作表语。表达“落下”用动词短语“falloff”，表达“树”用名词“trees”作宾语。用连词“and”连接动词形成并列结构。故填Inautumn,leavesturnyellowandfalloffthetrees.（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）74.当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。_______________________________________________________________【答案】Whenothersspeak,thenurseispatientenoughtolistencarefully.【解析】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子是when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others“其他人”，谓语动词用原形speak“说话”；足够……去做某事：adj.enoughtodosth.；主句主语是thenurse，be动词用is；耐心的：patient；听：listen，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填Whenothersspeak,thenurseispatientenoughtolistencarefully.一、动词填空1.Look!Howhardit_______(snow)outside!2.Youmusttryyourbesttostophim_______(make)thesamemistakeagain.3._______(keep)thedoorclosedanditwillbewarmhere.4.Shedecidedtoofferasmuchmoneyasshecan_______(help)thepoor.5.Thefirstquestionofthefourwasreallydifficult,buttherest_______(be)quiteeasy.6.MrWutoldusthatthesun_______(rise)fromtheeast.7.Theteacheradvisedus_______(notleave)rubbishonthegrass.8.They_______(notwin)thisgameandtheyallfeltsad.9.PleasewritedownwhatIsay,or(否则)you_______(forget)theimportantpoints.10.Wouldyouplease_______(stay)hereforawhile?Mumiscoming.【答案】1.issnowing2.making3.Keep4.tohelp5.were6.rises7.nottoleave8.didn'twin9.willforget10.Stay二、根据所提供的单词或汉语提示完成下列句子1.Peoplecomefrom_______(到处)tocelebratethefestival.2.I_________(掉)myglassesandbrokethemyesterday.3.Don’ttalkso__________(大声).Theothersaresleeping.4.Tomwassadbyhisgrandfather’s_________(突然)death。5.You’dbetterstayathometoday.Thewindis_________(吹)strongly.6.Whichanimalisthebiggestandheavieston_______(陆地)?7.Wealsomake___________(雪人)andusecarrotsfortheirnoses.8.Peopleare_________(deep)movedforthisthing.9.Theplaygroundis_________(cover)withthickleavesinautumn.10.Thecastlelooksso_________(shine)andbeautifulunderthefireworks.【答案】1.everywhere2.dropped3.loudly4.sudden5.blowing6.land7.snowmen8.deeply9.covered10.shinnyUnit8重点词汇和句型1.thousandsof成千上万的/hundredsof成百上千的/millionsof成百万的+名词复数Thousandsofpeoplelosttheirlivesintheearthquake.Therearethousandsofpeopleonthestreet.数词+hundred/thousand/million+名词复数Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.2.washaway冲走washawaythevillage冲走村庄washit/themawayAterriblefloodwashedawayhishouse.3.catchfire着火（强调动作）beonfire着火,失火（强调状态）Look！Thehouseisonfire.Thehousecaughtfireyesterday.4.shakevi.&vt.摇动，震动过去式是shookshakeslightly轻微震动Look!Thetreesareshakinginthestrongwind.shakehandswithsb与某人握手n.摇动，震动aslightshake一阵轻微的震动shakingn.摇动，震动Finally,thenoiseandshakingended.5.trappedadj.困住的betrapped被困6.mindn.头脑gothroughone’smind传遍我的大脑;makeupone’smind(s)todosth=decidetodosth决定做某事v.介意minddoingsth介意做某事7.aliveadj.活着的stayalive仍活着livingarea居住地findone’swayout找到出路loseone’sway迷路=getlost9.asleepadj.睡着的almostasleep快要睡着了fallasleep睡着feelsleepy感到困倦thesleepingboy正在睡觉的男孩as……aspossible尽可能assoon/early/fastaspossible尽可能地快、早、快（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）1.We________onthecountrysideroadwhenasuddenstormhit,sowemadeourwayback.A.jogged B.werejogging C.havejogged D.willjog【答案】B【解析】句意：我们在乡间小路上慢跑时，突然刮起了暴风雨，于是我们往回走。考查时态。根据“whenasuddenstormhit”可知是当暴风雨时，正在慢跑，用过去进行时was/weredoing。故选B。（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）6.________youcan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.A.Unless B.Though C.Since D.Whether【答案】C【解析】句意：既然你解不出这道题，也许你需要向你的同学求助。考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Though尽管；Since既然，由于；Whether是否。“youcan’tworkouttheproblem”是向同学求助的原因，用Since引导原因状语从句。故选C。（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）14.—Peter,whatwereyoudoingatthistimelastnight?—I________chesswithmygrandfather.A.play B.wasplaying C.amplaying D.played【答案】B【解析】句意：——彼得，你昨晚这个时候在做什么？——我在和我的祖父下棋。考查动词时态。根据“atthistimelastnight”可知，此处指过去的某一时刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时。故选B。（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）9.—Andy,whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterdayafternoon?—I________thefilmTheBattleatLakeChangjinwithmysister.A.watch B.watched C.waswatching D.amwatching【答案】C【解析】句意：——Andy，昨天下午这个时候你在干什么？——我跟我的妹妹正在看电影《长津湖》。考查动词时态。根据问句“wereyoudoing”可知，答语也用过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，故选C。（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）7.Althoughthematchismovinginanunexpected________,ourteamwillwinfinally,Ibelieve.A.instruction B.introduction C.position D.direction【答案】D【解析】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最终会赢。考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根据“Althoughthematchismovinginanunexpected...,ourteamwillwinfinally,Ibelieve.”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）51.—Whydidn’tyoureplytomyWechat?—Sorry.I_____________(help)myneighbourlookafterherbaby.【答案】51.washelping【解析】句意：为什么你那时候不回复我的微信？对不起，我当时正在帮助我的邻居照顾她的小孩。考查过去进行时这个时态的语境题。表示过去某个时候正在做某事。一、根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或通过上卞文，写出空缺处斧单词的正确形式。1.UncleWangteachesEnglishinasmall______(村庄）.2.Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehehadabad______(头痛）3.Mygrandmaisinher ______(八十多岁),butshecanstilltakecareofherself.4.Hisgrandparentsarestill______(活着的）.5.Johnwas______(困住）inasmallwoodenhouse.6.Whata ______(可怕的）snowstorm!7.Myparentsneedtoworkon______(工作日）.8.Thisareaismuch______(潮湿）thanmyhometown. 9.—Sorry,mycar______downontheway.SoI’mlate.一Itdoesn’tmatter.Themeetingbeganjustnow.10.—Ifitkeepsonraining;there'llbea_______.—Ihopenot..Becauseifithappens,manypeoplewillhavenohometolive.【答案】1.village2.headache3.eighties4.alive5.trapped6.terrible7.weekdays8.wetter9.broke10.flood二、完成句子1.一阵大风从后面袭来，我几乎跌倒。Astrongwind___________________________________________________________.2.听了美妙的音乐后，我平静了下来。I___________________________________________thebeautifulmusic.3.地震过后，灾区人民得到了来自四面八方的帮助。Aftertheearthquake,thevictims______________________________________.4.他开会迟到了，因为他的汽车在路上抛锚了。Hewaslateforthemeetingbecausehiscar__________________________.5.当你昨晚回家时，你妈妈正在做烙饼吗？_______________________________________whenyouwentbackhomeyesterday?6.我们都认为恶劣天气有时会引起自然灾害。Weallthinkthatterribleweather___________________________________________.7.当我回家的时候，警察正在问我妈妈早上是否听到了喊叫声。WhenIwentbackhome,thepolice________________________________thismorning.8.最后，他们找到了出路并赶回家了。_______________________________________________________________andhurriedhome.【答案】1.camefrombehindandInearlyfellover2.calmeddownafterlisteningto3.gethelpfromalldirectioms4.Brokedownontheway5.Wasyourmothermakingthepancake6.Maysometimescauseanaturaldisaster7.Wereaskingmymotherifsheheardashout8.Finally,theyfoundtheirwayoutU7-U8核心语法讲解一、动词分类英语中动词分为行为动词和连系动词两大种类。1、连系动词

连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：

1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become,go,turn,grow,get,fall等。

2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel,smell,taste,look,sound等。

3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep,come,run,remain,stay,prove等。

4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear,seem,look等。

连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel,get,become,grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：

Themixtureistastedterrible.（误）

Themixturetastesterrible（正）

Jimpretendedtobefallingasleepwhenhismothercamein.（误）

Jimpretendedtofall/beasleepwhenhismothercamein.（正）

I'mfeelingmuchbetterthaneverbefore.

Itwasgettingdarkeranddarker.Besides,acoldrainbegantofall.行为动词行为动词可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。及物动词后面可以加一个宾语，比如说eat、like、drink等动词；不及物动词后面不可以直接跟宾语，比如说smile、sleep、run等。此外，行为动词还可以具有不同的时态变化以及主动和被动语态形式。二、五种基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下：S+V(主+谓）S+V+P(主+系+表）S+V+O(主+谓+宾）S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）1）基本句型一:S+V(主+谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy)、主格代词（如you)、动词不定式、动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如："Wecome.”。S+V(不及物动词）(1)TheSunrisesintheeast.太阳从东方升起。(2)Itdoesn'tmatter.没关系。(3)Thebirddisappearedsoon.鸟不久就消失了。此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即,句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。2）基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动同。连系动同分两类：be，look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get，grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义，只起连接主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动问多可用作联系动词：lookwell面色好，soundnice听起来不错，feelgood感觉好,smellbad难闻。S+V(系动词）+P（1）ThatisanEnglish—Chinesedictionary.那是本英汉辞典。（2）Thelunchsmellsgood.午餐闻起来很香。（3）Theyoungmanfellinlove.这个年轻人堕入了情。（4）Everythinglooksdifferent.一切看来都不同了。（5）Tomisgrowingtallandstrong.汤姆长得又高又壮。（6）Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.麻烦的是我们缺少钱。（7）Myfaceturnedred.我的脸红了。Therebe结构:Therebe表示“存在有”。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词,表示“(存在)有某事物”。3）基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟冇一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代同必须是“代词宾格”，如:me，him，them等。S+V(及物动词）+O(1)Whoknowstheanswer?谁知道答案？(2)Hesmiledhisthanks.他微笑表示感谢。(3)Shehasrefusedtohelpthem.她拒绝帮他们。(4)Theyenjoyreading.他们喜欢看书。(5)Weatewhatwasleftover.我们吃了剩饭。(6)Hesaid"Goodmorning.”他说:“早上好！”(7)1wanttohaveacupofcoffee.我想喝杯咖啡。(8)Headmitsthathewasmistaken.他承认犯了错误。4）基本句型四：S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带,show显示……这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;—个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。—般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:“Givemeacupoftea.please."。强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“ShowthishousetoMr.Smith.”。若直接宾语为人称代词,则顺序为：动词+代词直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“Bringittome,please.”。S+V(及物）+IO(多指人)+DO(多指物)(1)Heorderedhimselfapairofnewtrousers.他给自己定了一条新裤子。(2)Lilycookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.莉莉给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。(3)Shebroughtyouadictionary.她给你带来了一本字典。(4)Hedeniesmenothing.他对我什么都不拒绝。(5)1showedthemmypictures.我给他们看我的照片(6)Hegavemycarawash.他洗了我的汽车。(7)Hetoldmethatthebuswaslate.他告诉我汽车晚点了。(8)Myfathershowedmehowtorunthemachine.我爸爸教我运行机器。5）基本句型五：S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。(1)名词/代词宾格+名词Thewarmadehimasoldier.战争使他成为一名战士。（2）名词/代词宾格+形容词Newmethodswillmakethejobeasy.新方法会使这项工作变得轻松。（3）名词/代词宾格+介词短语Ioftenfindtheteacheratwork.我经常发现老师在工作。（4）名词/代词宾格+动词不定式Mr.Wuaskedthestudentstoclosethewindows.吴老师让学生们关上窗户。（5）名词/代词宾格+分词1sawacatrunningacrosstheroadjustnow.我刚刚看见一只猫跑过了马路。S+V(及物)+DO(宾语)+OC(宾补）（1）Weappointedhimthemanager.我们任命他当经理。（2）Theypaintedthedoorblue.他们把门漆成蓝色。（3）Thissetusthinking.这使得我们要仔细想一想。（4）Wefoundthehousedeserted.我们发现那房子无人居住。（5）Whatmakesherthinkso?什么使她这样想？（6）Wesawherout.我们送她出去。（7）Mydadaskedmetocomebacksoon.我爸爸要我早点回来。（8）1sawthemgettingonthebus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。三、过去进行时过去进行时常见时间状语：then/atthistimeyesterday/atthatmoment/from7:20to7:50yesterday/When...例1.WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

例2.Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。例3.WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。例4.Whatwasshedoingatnineo’clockyesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？(介词短语表示时间点)例5.WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroom.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)【注意】以下动词不用进行时：live/have/like/hate/感官动词四、when/while/as的用法连词when/while/as的用法：前提：表“当...时”长动作（延续性动词）：was/were+doing(过去进行时)短动作（短暂性动词）：did(过去式)主句从句长(was/weredoing)when短(did)前长后短用when短(did)as两短用as短(did)when长(was/weredoing)前短后长都可以长(was/weredoing)while两长用while【注意】while还有“然而”之意，主从句形成对比。例1.HelikeslivinginthecitywhileIlikelivinginthecountryside.例2.IwasgoingoutwhenmyfriendJackcametoplaychesswithme.一、单词拼写Weheard__________(excite)shoutsduringthematch.Thewindisblowing__________(strong)thanitwasthismorning.Shesaidto__________(she),"AmIright?"Hewasstill__________(live)whenthedisasterwasover.Listen!Icanhearanoldwoman__________(scream)forhelpinthenextdoor.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhilemyfather__________(read)newspapers.Laura__________(learn)anotherlanguagenextyear,isn’tshe?Jacksaidhe__________(mop)thewaterupatthattime.Lukespentaslittletimeashecould__________(play)computergames.Therearemany__________(nature)disastersintheworld.Severalplane__________(crash)tookplaceinforeigncountries3daysago.Assoonastheshakingended,itwas__________(silence)aroundme.Theearth__________(shake)hardandthehousecamedown.Someofthestudents__________(mop)thewateronthefloorwhenwearrivedthere.Itisdangeroustouseyourmobilephonewhen__________(drive).Look,therearemanypeople__________(dance)tothemusicthere.It__________(snow)outside.Whynotgotohavesnowballfights?Iwasplayingcomputergameswhilemyfather__________(read)newspapers.Listen!Icanhearanoldwoman__________(scream)forhelpinthenextdoor.Laura__________(learn)anotherlanguagenextyear,isn’tshe?Ihopeyou__________(notmake)thesamemistakeagain.Jacksaidhe__________(mop)thewaterupatthattime.Lukespentaslittletimeashecould__________(play)computergames.Thehouseis__________（燃烧）.Let'scall119.【答案】excited；morestrongly；herself；alive；hearing；wasreading；isgoingtolearn；wasmopping；playing；natural；crashes；silent；shook；weremopping；driving；dancing；issnowing；wasreading；screaming；isgoingtolearn；won'tmake；wasmopping；playing；burning二、动词填空1．Wouldyouplease__________(notprevent)mefrombecomingamemberoftheBirdwatchingClub?2．Themanrushedintothehouseandsavedthosewomen’s__________(life).3．They__________(plan)atriptotheYellowMountainwhenthebellrang4．Thetwins__________(read)whenImettheminthelibrary5．Thebrightlyshiningshoemadetheotherone__________(look)worse6．Weshouldthinkaboutallwecando__________(prevent)animalsfromdyingout7．Whenshewassixmonthsold,she__________(begin)toeatapples.8．Who__________(clean)theblackboardinyourclasseverymorning9．Inthereadingroom,weshouldkeep__________(silence)insteadoftalkingloudly10．TheTVprogrammewassoboringandIalmostfell__________(sleep)lastnight11．Thelittlebrokenhouselookedeven__________(wet)aftertheheavyrain.12．Atthattime,Iheardnothingbutmyheart__________(beat)fasterandfaster.13．Luckily,Ifoundmyselfstill__________(live),butIcouldn’tmoveatall.14．Don’tworry.Therain__________(stop)infewhours.15．Look！Mumis__________(mop)thefloor.Let’sgotohelpher.16．I’msorrytokeepyou__________(wait)forsuchalongtime.17．Doyoufeeltheearthshaking__________(轻微)?18．Peoplelookedateachotherin__________(恐惧).19．It’shardtobelievethatseveralairline__________(灾难)happenedin2014.20．Takeiteasy,man.Ifyoustillfeel__________(紧张的),takeadeepbreath【答案】notprevent；lives；wereplanning;wasreading;look;toprevent;began;cleans;silent;asleep;wetter;wasbeating;alive;willstop;mopping;waiting;slightly;fear;disasters;nervous【2023年无锡市锡山区中考二模英语试题】阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）APlantsneedcertainthingstolive,growandstayhealthy.Thefollowingpictureswillshowyouwhattheyneedtosurvive.Plantsuselighttomaketheirownfood.Ifyouleaveaplantnearawindow,itwillbend(弯曲)andgrowtowardthelight.Ittriestogetasmuchassunshineaspossible.Plantsneedwatertosurviveandstaystrong.Whenaplantdoesnotgetenoughwater,itsstem(茎)willbecomesoftandhungdown,andalsoitsleaveswillbeweakanddry.Plantswillgrowbestwhenthetemperatureisjustrightforthem.Someplantslikehotweather,whileothersprefercoolerconditions.Allplantsneedair.Theyusethegascarbondioxide(二氧化碳)fromairtomakefood,andtheyuseoxygenfromairtogiveoffenergyfromfood.25.Whichofthefollowingenvironmentsissuitableforplantstogrow?A.Aplanetwithoutanywater. B.Aroomincompletedarkness.C.Aboxfreeofcarbondioxide. D.Afarmwithpropertemperature.26.Whatcanplantsuseairfor?A.Togetfoodfromthesoil. B.Tosaveenergyfromfood.C.Tocontroltheirtemperature. D.Toproducethefoodtheyneed.27.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.HistoryDiscovery. B.LanguageLearning. C.BiologyResearch. D.ScienceContributions.【答案】25.D26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物生长所需因素。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Plantswillgrowbestwhenthetemperatureisjustrightforthem.”可知，温度适宜的农田适合植物生长。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theyusethegascarbondioxide(二氧化碳)fromairtomakefood”可知，植物利用空气中的二氧化碳生产自己所需的食物。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物的生长因素，故文章可能来自“生物学研究”。故选C。BTheMerlionisamythical(神话中的)animalthatishalf-fishandhalf-lion.ItstandsforSingapore’sidentity—itsbodystandsforthefishingvillagesofSingapore’spast,whileitslionheadisasymbolofSingapore’spast,whileitslionheadisasymbolofSingapore’s(“lioncity”inSanskrit).ItwasbuiltbycraftsmanLimNangSeng.Unveiled(揭幕)byPrimeMinisterLeeKuanYewin1972,thestatuewasfirstplacedatthemouthoftheSingaporeRiverbutnowstandsoverlookingthebayatMerlionPark.GardensbytheBayisa100-hectare(公顷)natureparkinSingaporethataimstocreatea“CityinaGarden”andimproveairquality.Itattractsaround50millionvisitorsperyearandhasthreemaingardens:Central,EastandSouth.TheSouthGardenhasthemostattractions.SupertreeGroveisoneofthemostfamousattractionsamongthem.Thereare18tree-likeinstallations(装置)thatreachupto50metersoffthegroundandaremadeoutofreinforcedconcrete(钢筋混凝土)andplants.Thefreeeveninglightshowiswellworthwatching.TheHelixBridgeisapedestrian(人行的)bridgeinSingaporethatwasbuiltin2010.It’sthelongestonethereandconnectsMarinaCentertotheBayfront.Thebridgeisshapedlikeadoublehelix(螺旋)DNA,whichstandsfor“lifeandcontinuity,renewal(更新)andgrowth”.Ifyou’reintoscience,youmightnoticepairsofletters“c”and“g”,aswellas“a”and“t”onthebridge—thesestandforthefourbasesofDNA.28.WhatdoesthefishbodyoftheMerlionstandfor?A.Thewell-developedfishingindustryinSingapore.B.ThefishingvillagesofSingapore’spast.C.TheachievementofPrimeMinisterLeeKuanYew.D.Thesincerewishofagoodfutureforthenation.29.WhyweretheGardensbytheBaybuilt?A.Tocreateshadows. B.Toworkaslightinginstallations.C.Tomaketheenvironmentbetter. D.Toattractvisitors.30.WhataretherelationsbetweentheHelixBridgeandDNA?①ThebridgesharesasimilarshapewithadoublehelixDNA.②TheletterspeoplecanfindonthebridgestandforthebasesofDNA.③ThebridgewasbuilttomemorizethefindingofDNA.④ThesymbolicmeaningofthebridgeissimilartoDNA.A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④【答案】28.B29.C30.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新加坡的几个景点。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“itsbodystandsforthefishingvillagesofSingapore’spast”可知，它的身体代表着新加坡过去的渔村，故填B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“GardensbytheBayisa100-hectare(公顷)natureparkinSingaporethataimstocreatea‘CityinaGarden’andimproveairquality.”可知，滨海湾花园是新加坡一个占地100公顷的自然公园，旨在创造一个“花园中的城市”，并改善空气质量。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thebridgeisshapedlikeadoublehelix(螺旋)DNA,whichstandsfor‘life’andcontinuity,renewal(更新)andgrowth.Ifyou’reintoscience,youmightnoticepairsoflettersc’and‘g’,aswellas‘a’and‘t’onthebridge—thesestandforthefourbasesofDNA.”可知，这座桥的形状像一个双螺旋DNA，代表着“生命和延续，更新和成长”。如果你对科学感兴趣，你可能会注意到成对的字母“c”和“g”，以及桥上的“a”和“t”——这些代表DNA的四个碱基。故选B。五、动词填空（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）46.Recently,moreandmorepeople________(realize)thatclearwatersandgreenmountainsarethesamevaluableasmountainsofgoldandsilver.【答案】haverealized【解析】句意：近来，越来越多的人已经意识到，绿水青山与金山银山一样珍贵。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语。由句中“Recently”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语moreandmorepeople为复数，故应用助动词have。故填haverealized。47.—Oh,Tonny!Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.—Icamebackfewdaysago.I________(teach)childreninNorth-westChinaforayear.【答案】taught【解析】句意：——哦，托尼！我很久没见到你了。——我几天前回来的。我在中国西北教过一年的孩子。teach“教”，动词。此处是指之前在西北教过一年的孩子，应用一般过去时。故填taught。48.—Haveyoufoundanyusefulclues,sir?—We__________(work)onit.There’snothingmuchIcansayatthemoment.【答案】areworking【解析】句意：——先生，你找到什么有用的线索了吗？——我们正在努力。目前我没什么可透露的。空格处所给参考单词为work。根据语境可知，此处说的是我们正在努力查找线索，故句子应用现在进行时，故答案为areworking。49.Whatwelearnatschool_________(notbe)enoughforlife.Weshouldkeeplearningallourlife.【答案】isn’t【解析】句意：我们在学校学到的东西不够用。我们应该终身学习。句子是一般现在时，主语“Whatwelearnatschool”看成单数，be动词用is，否定在其后加not，缩写为isn’t，故填isn’t。50.AssoonasEddiefinishesthejob,he________________(allow)tohavetwoweeksoff.【答案】willbeallowed【解析】句意：Eddie一完成工作，他将被允许休息两周。此题考查一般将来时的被动，根据句意，故填willbeallowed。51.—Whendidyouloseyourpurse?—I’mnotsure.Maybeyesterdayafternoonwhen________(run)aftermypet.【答案】running【解析】句意：——你什么时候丢的钱包？——我不确定。也许昨天下午跟着我的宠物跑的时候。根据问句“Whendidyouloseyourpurse?”可知，齐全的答句应是：MaybeIlostmypurseyesterdayafternoonwhenIwasrunningaftermypet。该句含有when引导的时间状语从句，主句用的过去时，从句用过去进行时表示那时正在做的事情。主从句主语一致，可省略从句的主语和be动词，即省略“Iwas”，故填running。52.Theplantheypaidmuchattentionto________(discuss)attomorrow’smeeting.【答案】willbediscussed【解析】句意：明天的会议上将会讨论他们非常关注的那项计划。根据“Theplantheypaidmuchattentionto...(discuss)attomorrow’smeeting.”可知，主语Theplan和动词discuss“讨论”之间存在被动关系，且句子的时态是一般将来时，所以句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，可用谓语结构willbedone，discuss的过去分词是discussed。故填willbediscussed。53.—HowwasyourtripduringtheMayDayholiday?—Can’tbeworse.Wewereforced________(cut)ourjourneyshortbecauseoftoomanypeople.【答案】tocut【解析】句意：——五一假期你的旅行怎么样？——再糟糕不过了。由于人太多，我们被迫缩短行程。根据语境和提示词汇可知，beforcedtodosth表示“被迫做某事”，空处需填“to+动词原形”，cut“削减”，动词。故填tocut。（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）五、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。long;invent;dependon;attheendof;makeaspeech;putup;playchess;handout;theprideof;payattentionto56.Freshwaterisimportant.LifeonEarth__________it.57.TheYellowRiverisChina’ssecond__________riveraftertheYangtze.58.TheexchangestudentsfromAustraliawillarrive__________June.59.Simonalwaysstaysuplate.DoctorMaadviseshim__________hishealth.60.Thesevolunteers__________thetentalready.Let’ssaythankstothem.61.—Sandy,whereisMillie?—She__________newbooksintheclassroom.62.TomorrowI’llvisitmygrandparents.I__________withmygrandpa.63.HowgreattheseChineseastronautsare!Theyare__________ourcountry.64.ProfessorWang__________onteenageproblemstousat2yesterdayafternoon.65.Papermakingisoneofthefourgreat__________fromancientChina.【答案】56.dependson57.longest58.attheendof59.topayattentionto60.haveputup61.ishandingout62.willplaychess##amgoingtoplaychess63.theprideof64.wasmakingaspeech65.inventions【解析】【56题详解】句意：淡水很重要。地球上的生命依赖于它。根据“Life