四川省攀枝花市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末调研英语试题卷 【含答案解析】

攀枝花市2023-2024学年度(上)普通高中教学质量监测2024.1高二英语试题卷本试题卷共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。并用2B铅笔将答题卡考号对应数字标号涂黑。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)友情提示：本次听力测试没有听力试音时间。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.&19.15.B.&9.18.C.&9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthemanmeethisdoctornextWednesday?A.At8:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At10:00a.m.2.Whatmakesthespeakersunhappy?A.Roadworks.B.Caraccident.C.Heavytraffic.3.Whydoesthewomangototheman’scountry?A.Forbusiness.B.Forsightseeing.C.Foreducation.4.Whenwilltheappointmentprobablybe?A.ThisWednesday.B.ThisFridayC.NextTuesday.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.ThelifeonMars.B.Littlehelicopters.C.Lifeinthefuture.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whattimedoesthediningroomclose?A.At10:30p.m.B.At11:00p.m.C.At11:30p.m.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Buysomethingtoeat.B.CallRoomService.C.Gotoarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydidthewomanfeelunhappy?A.Shefailedtheexam.B.Themanleakedthesecret.C.Shewasnotinvitedtotheparty.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Blametheman.B.Canceltheparty.C.SurpriseKatieinanotherway.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Hiscreditcard.B.Hispassport.C.Hisdrivinglicense.11.Whowillthemanmakeatelephonecallto?A.Thepolice.B.Hisfriend.C.Thebank.12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inabank.C.Atthepolicestation.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanlooktroubled?A.Heisshortofmoney.B.Hehasmadeabigmistake.C.Heisfacingadifficultchoice.14.Whatisthemannow?A.Acollegestudent.B.Anarmyofficer.C.Acomputerengineer.15.Howmuchmoneywouldthemanearnayearifheacceptedthejob?A.$15,000.B.$30,000.C.$50,000.16.Whatdoesthewomanseemtosuggestthemando?A.Learntorepaircars.B.Refusethejoboffer.C.Askhisuncleforadvice.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmanylevelsoftheEnglishcoursesdoestheprogramoffer?A.Seven.B.Eight.C.Twenty.18.Whatisthestrengthoftheprogram?A.Itisavailablethroughouttheyear.B.ItprovidescoursesonU.S.culture.C.Itcanmeetpersonalneedsandgoals.19.Whatcanstudentsgetiftheyperformwellinanend-of-sessiontest?A.Acourseforfree.B.Achancetoworkpart-time.C.Apromotiontoahigherlevel.20.WhatdoestheLanguageCenterBonusProjectoffer?A.Extrapracticehours.B.Socialactivities.C.Fieldtrips.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AImperialBricksImperialbricksweremadecompletelyforimperialbuildings,especiallypalaces,intheMingandQingDynasties.Theyhaveafinequality,andarestrongandhard.Theyhaveapureblue-greencolorlikeamirrorandproduceametalsoundwhenknocked.Becausetheyareveryvaluable,theyarecalledthegoldenbricks.Thecraft(工艺品)hasbeenonthenational-levelculturalheritage(遗产)listsince2006.PekingDuckPekingduckhasbeenafamousdishfromBeijing.Thecookedduckiscutintopiecesandeatenwithgreenonion,cucumberandsweetbeansauce,oftenwithpancakerolledaroundfillings.Itwasselectedasanational-levelculturalheritagein2008.ShadowPlayShadowplay(皮影)isanancientformofstorytellingthatusesflatcut-outfiguresorshadowplaybetweenasourceoflightandascreen.Varioussighteffectscanbeachievedbymovingboththedollsandthelightsource.In2011,ChineseshadowplayenteredthelistofCulturalHeritagebyUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization)whichislocatedinParis,France.KunquOperaKunquOpera,oneoftheoldestexistingformsofChineseopera,camefromKunshan,Jiangsuprovince.Usingemotionallinesfromclassicpoemsandthroughsweetandbeautifulsinging,itmadeprogressinthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,andnaturallyreachedotherpartsofthecountryviatheGrandCanal.1.WhichmakesImperialBricksgetthenameofgoldenbricks?A.Theirvalue. B.Theirshape.C.Theircolor. D.Theirhistory.2.Whatisaculturalheritageoftheworld’slevelaccordingtothetext?A.PekingDuck. B.ImperialBricks.C.KunquOpera. D.ShadowPlay.3.WheredidtheemotionallinesofKunquOperacomefrom?A.Theaterwriters. B.Famousmagazines.C.Ancientstories. D.Classicpoems.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的各种文化遗产，包括皇家砖、北京烤鸭、皮影戏和昆曲等。文章旨在向读者介绍这些文化遗产的特点和价值，同时也强调了保护文化遗产的重要性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ImperialBricks”部分中的“Becausetheyareveryvaluable,theyarecalledthegoldenbricks.(因为它们非常珍贵，所以被称为“金砖”。)”可知，皇家砖被称为金砖的原因是因为它们非常珍贵。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ShadowPlay”部分中“In2011,ChineseshadowplayenteredthelistofCulturalHeritagebyUNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization)whichislocatedinParis,France.(2011年，中国皮影戏被位于法国巴黎的联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)列入文化遗产名录。)”可知，皮影戏是世界水平的文化遗产。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“KunquOpera”部分中的“Usingemotionallinesfromclassicpoemsandthroughsweetandbeautifulsinging,itmadeprogressinthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,andnaturallyreachedotherpartsofthecountryviatheGrandCanal.(它以经典诗词中的情意台词，以甜美动听的歌声，从长江下游挺进，经由大运河自然传播到全国各地。)”可知，昆曲中的情意台词源自于经典诗词。故选D。BWilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,anonprofit(非营利的)organizationinLakeland,Florida,whichteachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.Adozenyearsago,inspiredbyhissix-year-oldfatherlessneighbor,Camran,whogotangryandshoutedathismom,WilliamaskedCamran’smomforpermissiontotakeCamranfishing.Camranwas“hooked”fromthatfirsttrip.Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositivechangesinCamran’sbehavior.“That’swhenIrealizedthatIhadthedutytohelpfatherlesskids,”hesays.Onweekends,Williamandafewothervolunteerstake20to25kidsoutfishingonarentalboat,whichwassupportedbythecaptainoftheDoubleEagle.Manyhaveneverbeenfishingorevenonaboat,soWilliam—orBigWill,asthekidscallhim—startsbyteachingthebasicskills.Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.TakeaKidFishinghastakenmorethan600fishingtripswithalmost2,000kidswhodon’thaveafatherintheirlives.Hewantstosharehisloveoffishingwithkidswhodon’thaveafathertotakethem.“IjustwanttoshowthemthatIcareaboutthem,thatI’mthereforthem,”hesays.Becausemanykidsgoonmanytrips,Williamisabletobuildrelationshipswiththem.HeandCamran,now20,stillregularlyfishtogether,andCamranseesBigWillasafatherfigure.TakeaKidFishinghasahugeimpact,butitstartedbecauseWilliamwantedtohelponekid.Doyouknowachildwhomightbenefitfromyourfriendship?Introducethemtofishingoranotherhobbyyouenjoy.Youcanmakeagreatdifferencetotheirlife.4Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hooked”inParagraph2mean?A.Bored. B.Attracted. C.Relaxed. D.Inspired.5.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A.Fewkidsparticipatedinthefishingtrips.B.Thekidsweretaughtmorethanbasicskills.C.Theorganizationmadelotsofmoneyfromthekids.D.Thefishingboatwassoldtothembyothervolunteers.6.WhichofthefollowingopinionswillWilliamDunnagreewith?A.Anunhappychildneedsafriend.B.Fatherlesskidsenjoyoutdooractivities.C.Anexperiencedcaptainshouldcareforkids.D.Companionshipplaysanimportantroleinkids’lives.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FishingOffersKidstheJoyofRelaxing B.FriendshipHasaGreatImpactonKidsC.FishingChangesFatherlessKids’Life D.TheLoveofFishingJoinsFamilyTogether【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了WilliamDunn创立TakeaKidFishing组织的故事，包括他的初衷、以及这个组织对没有父亲的孩子们的影响。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Thetwofishedtogetherseveraltimesaweek,andWilliamsawpositivechangesinCamran’sbehavior.(两人每周一起钓鱼几次，William看到了Camran行为上的积极变化。)”可知，第一次去钓鱼，Camran迷上了钓鱼。选项A“Bored(无聊的)”；选项B“Attracted(吸引)”；选项C“Relaxed(放松)”；选项D“Inspired(激励)”。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Manyhaveneverbeenfishingorevenonaboat,soWilliam—orBigWill,asthekidscallhim—startsbyteachingthebasicskills.Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.(许多人从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有上过船，所以William——孩子们叫他“大威尔”——从教授基本技能开始。然后是钓鱼所提供的人生课程：耐心、团队合作以及在户外放松的简单乐趣。)”可知，孩子们从钓鱼中学到的不仅仅是基本技能，还有人生课程：耐心、团队合作以及在户外放松的简单乐趣。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Hewantstosharehisloveoffishingwithkidswhodon’thaveafathertotakethem.“IjustwanttoshowthemthatIcareaboutthem,thatI’mthereforthem,”hesays.Becausemanykidsgoonmanytrips,Williamisabletobuildrelationshipswiththem.(他想和那些没有父亲带他们的孩子们分享他对钓鱼的热爱。他说：“我只是想让他们知道，我关心他们，我会在他们身边。”因为很多孩子都要去旅行，William能够和他们建立关系。)”可推测，William认为陪伴在孩子们的生活中非常重要。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“WilliamDunnisthefounderofTakeaKidFishing,anonprofit(非营利的)organizationinLakeland,Florida,whichteachespoorandfatherlesskidsthroughthesportoffishing.(WilliamDunn是“TakeaKidFishing”组织的创始人，这是一个位于佛罗里达州莱克兰的非营利组织，通过钓鱼运动来教育贫困和没有父亲的孩子。)”以及文章第三段“Manyhaveneverbeenfishingorevenonaboat,soWilliam—orBigWill,asthekidscallhim—startsbyteachingthebasicskills.Thencomethelifelessonsthatfishingoffers:patience,teamworkandthesimplejoyofrelaxingintheoutdoors.(许多人从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有上过船，所以William——孩子们叫他“大威尔”——从教授基本技能开始。然后是钓鱼所提供的人生课程：耐心、团队合作以及在户外放松的简单乐趣。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是钓鱼改变了没有父亲的孩子的生活。故选C。CFormotorcycleenthusiasts,nothingbeatstheexcitementofridingyourmotorcycleontheopenhighwaywiththewindonyourback.Withgaspricesgoingup.motorcyclesareeconomicalandamuchgreenerwaytotravel.Alongwiththebenefitscomestheriskofpersonalinjuryifanaccidentoccurs.Afterall,you’renotprotectedbysteellikeyouarewhiledrivingyourcar.Butbesideswearingahelmet,thelatestsafetyinnovationsarepersonalairbagsthatyoucanwear.Airbagshavebeenprotectingpeopleincaraccidentsfordecades.Now,aSwedishcompany,Mo’cycle,hasmadejeansthatcanbefilledwithairformotorcycleriders.Thejeansaredesignedtoofferprotectionfortherider’slowerbodyincaseofanaccident.Theairbagjeanslooklikeconventionalpantsandarereusable.Theyaremadeofaspecialmaterialwhichisstrongerandweighslessthansteel.Theairbagcomponentisremovableandthejeanscanbewashed,dried,andwornagain.Thejeanshelptoreducedamagefromroadwaysafterafall.Theairbagshelpcushion(缓冲)theriderifheorshefallsoffthemotorcycle.Mo’cycleteamedupwithairbagtechnologycompanyHelitetodesignandproducetheairbags.Theairbagsareactuallybuiltintothejeansandaretriggered(触发)inmillisecondsiftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle.Thisinnovativetechnologyisdesignedtosafeguardmotorcycleridersbyprotectingthelowerbodyareasthathavenotbeenpreviouslycovered,liketheriders’upperlegs,thelowerwaist,andespeciallythetailbone!Accordingtothecompany,“Itisrevolutionarytouseairbagtechnologytoprotectthelowerpartofthebackbone,becausebackboneinjuriesarewhatdisablemotorcycleriders.”Mo’cycle’sairbagjeansareonsaleonthecompany’scrowdfundingcampaignalongwithanairbagvestandacompleteprotectionpackage.Makingtheroadssaferformotorcyclistsiscertainlyaworthyeffort.Sothenexttimeyouhaveanurgetoride,makesureyouputonprotectivedevicebeforeyouhittheopenroad.8.WhyareairbagsincarsmentionedinParagraph3?A.Toillustratehowtouseairbags.B.Tocomparecarsandmotorcycles.C.Tointroducethetopicofairbagjeans.D.Toshowthebestwaytoprotectdrivers.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellusabouttheairbagjeans?A.Theirproductionandsales. B.Theirdesignsandappearance.C.Theirmaterialsandcomponents. D.Theirfunctionsandworkingprinciple.10.WhatdoweknowaboutMo’cycle’sairbagjeansfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyareavailable. B.Theyneedtobeimproved.C.Theykeeppassers-bysafe. D.Theyinspireanurgetoride.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext?A.SafetyRulesforMotoreyelists B.AirbagJeansforMotorcyclistsC.RisksthatMotorcyclistsFace D.InnovationintheClothingIndustry【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤可以更好地保护人们的生命，文章介绍了安全气囊牛仔裤的原理以及涉及的技术。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Now,aSwedishcompany,Mo’cycle,hasmadejeansthatcanbefilledwithairformotorcycleriders.Thejeansaredesignedtoofferprotectionfortherider’slowerbodyincaseofanaccident.Theairbagjeanslooklikeconventionalpantsandarereusable.Theyaremadeofaspecialmaterialwhichisstrongerandweighslessthansteel.Theairbagcomponentisremovableandthejeanscanbewashed,dried,andwornagain.(现在，一家名为Mo’cycle的瑞典公司为摩托车手制造了一种可以充气的牛仔裤。这种牛仔裤的设计目的是在发生事故时为骑手的下半身提供保护。这种安全气囊牛仔裤看起来像传统的裤子，而且可以重复使用。它们是由一种特殊材料制成的，比钢更坚固，重量更轻。安全气囊组件是可拆卸的，牛仔裤可以清洗，干燥和再次穿。)”介绍的是设计充气牛仔裤的作用，以及材料等，可推知第三段的目的是引出话题。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Thejeanshelptoreducedamagefromroadwaysafterafall.Theairbagshelpcushion(缓冲)theriderifheorshefallsoffthemotorcycle.Mo’cycleteamedupwithairbagtechnologycompanyHelitetodesignandproducetheairbags.Theairbagsareactuallybuiltintothejeansandaretriggered(触发)inmillisecondsiftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle.(这种牛仔裤有助于减少跌倒后路面造成的伤害。如果骑手从摩托车上摔下来，安全气囊可以起到缓冲作用。Mo'cycle与安全气囊技术公司Helite合作设计和生产安全气囊。安全气囊实际上是内置在牛仔裤里的，如果乘客与汽车分离，安全气囊会在几毫秒内被触发。)”说明安全气囊是如何起到作用的以及怎么工作的。故选D【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后段“Mo’cycle’sairbagjeansareonsaleonthecompany’scrowdfundingcampaignalongwithanairbagvestandacompleteprotectionpackage.(Mo’cycle的安全气囊牛仔裤正在该公司的众筹活动中出售，同时出售的还有一件安全气囊背心和一套完整的防护包。)”说明的是安全气囊正在出售，所以它是可以买到的、可用的。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Now,aSwedishcompany,Mo’cycle,hasmadejeansthatcanbefilledwithairformotorcycleriders.Thejeansaredesignedtoofferprotectionfortherider’slowerbodyincaseofanaccident.(现在，一家名为Mo’cycle的瑞典公司为摩托车手制造了一种可以充气的牛仔裤。这种牛仔裤的设计目的是在发生事故时为骑手的下半身提供保护。)”引出话题介绍安全气囊。第四段“Theairbagshelpcushion(缓冲)theriderifheorshefallsoffthemotorcycle.Mo’cycleteamedupwithairbagtechnologycompanyHelitetodesignandproducetheairbags.Theairbagsareactuallybuiltintothejeansandaretriggered(触发)inmillisecondsiftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle.(如果骑手从摩托车上摔下来，安全气囊可以起到缓冲作用。Mo'cycle与安全气囊技术公司Helite合作设计和生产安全气囊。安全气囊实际上是内置在牛仔裤里的，如果乘客与汽车分离，安全气囊会在几毫秒内被触发。)”说明的是安全气囊的工作原理。以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍的是用于摩托车手的安全气囊。故选B。DWhenatinyglassfrogsleeps,itsbodybecomessotransparentthatitalmostcannotbeseen.Thefrog’sglass-clearskinmakesnoshadows.Eventheredblooddisappears.It’sanunusualtrick—mostsee-throughanimalsliveinwaterallthetime,whichdon’tproduceredbloodcells.Butwhenthefrogsareactive,bloodbeginstoflowagain,formingapatternofbrightredthatcanbeseen.So,scientistssetouttodiscoverwhathappenstoallthatblood.Inanewstudy,researchersfoundouthow,whilesleeping,aglassfrogsendsmostoftheredbloodcellstoitsliver(肝脏).Intheprocess,thelivergrowsinsizebyabout40%toaccommodatetheextracells.Likeitsheartandsomeotherorgans,thefrog’sliveriscoveredinamirroredpart,whichreflectslights,thathelpsthefroghideitselffromenemies.“Ifthesefrogsareawake,stressedorunderanesthesia(麻醉),theirbloodsystemsarefullofredbloodcells,andtheyarenottransparent,”explainsanexpert.“Theonlywaytostudytransparencyiswhentheseanimalsarehappilyasleep,whichisdifficulttoachieveinaresearchlab.”Luckily,thereisanimagingtechnologywhichcancheckredbloodcellswithoutbreakingtheskinoffrogs.Theteamusedthistechniqueonfrogswhiletheyweresleeping.Theyfoundtheanimalsmovedashocking89%oftheirredbloodcellstotheirliverswhilesleeping.Howexactlythesefrogscanpacktheirredbloodcellstogetherwithoutgettingbloodclots(血栓)remainsamystery.Mostotheranimals’bloodbecomesverythickifthecellsbumpintoeachother,whichcanhelpcureawoundor—inaworsesituation—stopbloodfromflowingtoimportantareas.Understandingmoreabouthowthefrogsstayhealthywhilejam-packingtheirliverswithredbloodcellscouldhelpadvancebloodclotresearchinhumans.12.Whyaretheglassfrogsunusual?A.Theyareverytiny.B.Theycanbenearlyinvisible.C.Theyliveinthewaterallthetime.D.Theydon’tproduceredbloodcells.13.Whathappenstoitsliverwhenaglassfrogissleeping?A.Ittakesinlights. B.Itexpandsinsize.CItgetsbloodclots. D.Itfunctionslikeaheart.14.Whattroubledtheresearcherswhenexperimenting?A.Tostopbloodfromflowing.B.Tochecktheredbloodcells.C.Tomeasurethefrogs’movement.D.Toputthefrogstoaproperstateforstudy.15.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Bloodclotscausemanydeathsforhumans.B.Scientistshavelearnedthesecretofglassfrogs.C.Furtherstudywillprobablybemadeonglassfrogs.D.Packingredbloodcellstogetherisharmfultoanimals.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家研究发现了玻璃蛙在睡觉时会将大部分红细胞输入肝脏，从而使身体变透明。揭示这一原理有助于推进人类血栓的研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenatinyglassfrogsleeps,itsbodybecomessotransparentthatitalmostcannotbeseen.(当一只小小的玻璃蛙睡觉时，它的身体变得非常透明，几乎看不见)”可知，玻璃蛙的不同寻常之处在于它们可以变得近乎看不见。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inanewstudy,researchersfoundouthow,whilesleeping,aglassfrogsendsmostoftheredbloodcellstoitsliver(肝脏).Intheprocess,thelivergrowsinsizebyabout40%toaccommodatetheextracells.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员发现了玻璃蛙在睡觉时是如何将大部分红细胞输送到肝脏的。在这个过程中，肝脏的大小增长了约40%，以容纳额外的细胞)”可知，玻璃蛙睡觉时，它的肝脏会变大。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theonlywaytostudytransparencyiswhentheseanimalsarehappilyasleep,whichisdifficulttoachieveinaresearchlab.(研究透明度的唯一方法是在这些动物快乐地睡觉时，而这在研究实验室很难实现)”可知，只能在玻璃蛙睡觉时才能研究透明度，但很难在实验室里让玻璃蛙睡觉。由此可推测出，在实验过程中困扰着研究人员的是将玻璃蛙置于研究的合适状态。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Understandingmoreabouthowthefrogsstayhealthywhilejam-packingtheirliverswithredbloodcellscouldhelpadvancebloodclotresearchinhumans.(更多地了解青蛙如何在将红细胞挤满肝脏的同时保持健康，有助于推进人类的血栓研究)”可知，了解玻璃蛙肝脏的工作原理有助于推进人类的血栓研究。由此可推测出，有可能会对玻璃蛙进行进一步的研究。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostofuslookforwardtotheweekendasatimetorelax,connectwithfriendsandfamily.Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxiety.Expertshavenamedthisworrythe“Sundayscaries.”____16____.Here’showexpertssayyoucanovercomeyourend-of-weekendanxiety.OrganizeyourSundayOrganizingcanbeabestfriendwhenfeelingtheSundayscaries.____17____.Youmightstillgetasenseoffear,butthatfeelingwilldisappearwhenyou’redoingsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.____18____WhenorganizingyourSunday,trynottoarrangetoomanychores(杂事).Ifyou’refeelingmorestressingeneral,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.Andthere’snorightwaytorelax.Maybeamid-afternoonshowerorbath,maybeanattractivemovieorshow.Findoutyouranxietysources____19____.Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,expertsrecommendcreatingmanyto-doliststomakeitalleasiertocontrol.Onelistfortasksthatneedtobecompletedimmediately,anotherfortasksthatarelessurgent,andafinallistfortasksthatyou’dliketocompleteatsomepoint.CreatesomeexcitementfortheweekaheadHavingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingtothinkaboutthat’senjoyable,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthefearyoufeel.Insteadoffocusingontheawfulthingsyouexpectfromtheweek,buildexcitementoveracoffeewithagoodfriend.____20____.A.Don’tforgettorelaxB.StopdoingtoomanychoresC.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutofeartheweekD.ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyareeasytocontrolE.Insteadofsittingonthesofaandwatchingtheclock,dosomethingyouenjoyF.ItisastrongfeelingoffearandanxietyaboutgoingtoworkorschoolthenextdayG.Thisallowsyoutochangeyourthoughtstosomethingfunandhelpsimproveyourmood【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们克服周末焦虑。【16题详解】根据空前“Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxiety.Expertshavenamedthisworrythe“Sundayscaries.”(但随着周末的结束，我们中的许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，反而感到焦虑。专家将这种担忧称为“周日恐慌”。)”可知，很多人都会有周日恐慌。选项D“ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyareeasytocontrol(但是，尽管周日恐慌很常见，但它们很容易控制)”延续上文内容，指的是周日恐慌很常见，同时指出这些恐慌很容易控制，自然引出下一句“Here’showexpertssayyoucanovercomeyourend-of-weekendanxiety.(以下是专家建议你克服周末焦虑的方法。)”。故选D。【17题详解】根据下文内容“Youmightstillgetasenseoffear,butthatfeelingwilldisappearwhenyou’redoingsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.(你可能仍然会感到恐惧，但当你做一些让你感觉良好的事情时，这种感觉就会消失。)”可知，空处建议我们做一些喜欢的事情。选项E“Insteadofsittingonthesofaandwatchingtheclock,dosomethingyouenjoy(与其坐在沙发上看表，不如做点你喜欢的事)”与下文内容一致，指的是做一些自己喜欢的事情。故选E。【18题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“WhenorganizingyourSunday,trynottoarrangetoomanychores(杂事).Ifyou’refeelingmorestressingeneral,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.Andthere’snorightwaytorelax.Maybeamid-afternoonshowerorbath,maybeanattractivemovieorshow.(在安排你的周日时，尽量不要安排太多的家务。如果你总体上感到压力更大，那么为放松活动腾出空间是很重要的。没有正确的放松方式。也许是午后的淋浴或沐浴，也许是一场吸引人的电影或表演。)”可知，在安排周日活动时，我们应该多安排一些放松的活动。选项A“Don’tforgettorelax(别忘了放松)”正是本段主要内容，指的是在安排周日活动时，不要忘了放松。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文内容“Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,expertsrecommendcreatingmanyto-doliststomakeitalleasiertocontrol.(是截止日期、会议还是演示？即使你的周日焦虑背后没有单一的原因，专家也建议你列出许多待办事项清单，让你更容易控制。)”可知，下文讲述的是找出周日焦虑背后的原因。选项C“Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutofeartheweek(试着找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因)”与下文内容一致，指的是找出自己周日焦虑的原因。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文内容“Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingtothinkaboutthat’senjoyable,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthefearyoufeel.Insteadoffocusingontheawfulthingsyouexpectfromtheweek,buildexcitementoveracoffeewithagoodfriend.(有一些值得期待的事情会让你思考一些令人愉快的事情，而不是只关注你所感受到的恐惧。与其把注意力集中在你期待的糟糕的事情上，不如和一个好朋友喝杯咖啡，让自己兴奋起来。)”可知，上文讲述的是可以关注自己喜欢的事情，而不是把注意力集中在你期待的糟糕的事情上。选项G“Thisallowsyoutochangeyourthoughtstosomethingfunandhelpsimproveyourmood(这可以让你把你的想法变成有趣的事情，帮助改善你的情绪)”延续上文内容，指的是多想想美好的事情，并尝试去做，这会帮助你改善情绪。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Paulmusthavebeentryingtocarryhiswastepapertorubbishbinanddroppedafewpieces.”I____21____,pickingthemup.MomentslaterIfoundmorepieces.Noquietsighingthistime,I____22____,“Whoisthrowingrubbish?”Noanswer.____23____,Isawmorebitsofpaper____24____downfromupstairs.Lookingup,Isawmyseven-year-oldson,Paul.“Stopmakingamess.”“It’snotamess.They’re____25____.”“Sorry,whatdidyousay?”Ihadn’theardhimclearly.Hedidn’tanswerme.Paulhasautism(自闭症)and____26____answersaquestion,especiallywhenheattentively____27____somethingelse.Heran____28____.“Wherearemyotherbutterflies?”heasked,____29____around.EverytimePaulputsfiveormorewordstogether,myheartsaysaprayerofthanks.Butlatelyheseemsto_____30_____thatthebenefitsofformingcompletesentenceswhencommunicatingareworthyoftheeffort.Butterflies.Ofcourse.Irushedto_____31_____themfromtherubbish,dustedthemoffand_____32_____themtomyson.“Wanttoseethemflyagain?”heaskedwithashysmile.“Ohyes!They’rebeautiful.”Iwhispered.Heranbackupstairstoflyhismasterpiecesdownagain.Theyreallydidlooklikebeautifulbutterflies.ThatdayPaul_____33_____metolookupatbeautyinsteadofdownatrubbish.HowmanyothermasterpieceshaveImissed_____34_____I’mtoobusywithmyworktoappreciatewhat’srightinfrontofme?Lifeisnotwhathappenstous.It’s_____35_____welookatit.Now,Ilookup.21.A.shouted B.nodded C.sighed D.laughed22.A.remarked B.challenged C.argued D.shouted23.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Moreover24.A.falling B.dropping C.floating D.landing25.A.planes B.butterflies C.kites D.toys26.A.actively B.eagerly C.gladly D.seldom27.A.focuseson B.dependson C.givesup D.stepsawayfrom28.A.away B.upstairs C.downstairs D.somewhere29.A.searching B.showing C.dancing D.playing30.A.forget B.realize C.doubt D.fear31.A.destroy B.hide C.rescue D.remove32.A.threw B.flew C.delivered D.handed33.A.refused B.reminded C.encouraged D.allowed34.A.because B.though C.unless D.until35.A.whether B.how C.when D.where【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者七岁的儿子患有自闭症，把飘着的纸看作蝴蝶在飞，而作者看到的只是一堆垃圾。最后，作者领悟到，生活不仅仅是什么发生在我们身上那么简单，而是我们如何去看待事情才是我们生活的关键。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“保罗一定是想把他的废纸扔进垃圾桶，结果掉了几张。”我叹了口气，把它们捡起来。A.shouted大喊；B.nodded点头；C.sighed叹气；D.laughed大笑。根据下文“Noquietsighingthistime”可知，此处是sigh的同词复现，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次没有安静的叹气，我喊道：“谁在扔垃圾？”A.remarked注意；B.challenged挑战；C.argued争论；D.shouted大喊。根据上文“Noquietsighingthistime”可知，这一次并没有安静的叹气，所以应该是大喊，故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我看到更多的纸片从楼上飘下来。A.Instead相反；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Moreover此外。根据上文“Noanswer.”可知，作者不但没有听到回答，相反看到更多的纸片飘下来，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.falling落下；B.dropping落下；C.floating漂浮；D.landing着陆。根据下文“Heranbackupstairstoflyhismasterpiecesdownagain.”可知，此处是让纸片飘落下来，像蝴蝶在飞，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是一团糟。它们是蝴蝶。A.planes飞机；B.butterflies蝴蝶；C.kites风筝；D.toys玩具。根据下文“Wherearemyotherbutterflies?”可知，保罗说飘浮纸片像飞着的蝴蝶，故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：保罗患有自闭症，很少回答问题，尤其是当他全神贯注地关注其他事情的时候。A.actively积极地；B.eagerly渴望地；C.gladly高兴地；D.seldom很少。根据上文“Paulhasautism(自闭症)”和常识可知，保罗患有自闭症，所以很少回答问题，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.focuseson关注；B.dependson依靠；C.givesup放弃；D.stepsawayfrom远离。根据上文“Paulhasautism(自闭症)”和下文“whenheattentively____7____somethingelse”可知，他患有自闭症不爱说话，所以在关注其他的事情的时候就更不会回答问题，故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：