内蒙古鄂尔多斯市西四旗2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

鄂尔多斯市西四旗2023/2024学年第一学期期末考试卷高一英语试卷(总分：120分;考试时间：100分钟)第一部分阅读理解(共两节;满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。AKewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.PalmHouseThefirststopisthePalmHouse,agiantindoorrainforestwithawiderangeofplants.Visitorscanenjoytheseexoticplantswhileresearcherscanstudythesecretsoftheseflora.EatableplantssuchascocoatreeandAfricanoilpalmareallpreservedheretokeepthediversityoffoodresources.Atthesametime,ithousesmanymedicaluseplants,includingsomethatareusedtotreatcancer.TemperateHouseKnownastheworld’slargestVictorianglasshousetheTemperateHouseishometo1,500speciesofplantsfromtemperateregionsoftheworld.Someofthespecieskeptherehavegoneextinctinthewild,suchasEncephalartoswoodii,acycadfromSouthAfrica.AndsomearealreadyextinctlikeSaintHelenaolive,buttheKewhasstoreditsDNA.MediterraneanGardenIntheMediterraneanGarden,onecanseeplantsfromtheSouthernEurope,suchasrosemary,olivesandcorkoak.Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe(氛围)oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.OnInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversitythisyear,joinCGTNtotravelaroundtheworld’snationalparksandreservesacrosssevencontinents.OurnextprogramistovisitpenguinsandsealsintheAntarcticIceAquariumNorway.Pleasestaytuned!1.Whatdothethreestopshaveincommon?A.Theystoreplantsformedicaluse.B.Theyhaveplantsofeconomicvalue.C.Theyhouseplantsofsevencontinents.D.Theyownplantsforscientificresearch.2.Whichonesuitsavisitorpreferringoutdoorsites?A.PalmHouse. B.TemperateHouse.C.AntarcticIceAquarium. D.MediterraneanGarden.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abotanicdictionary. B.ATVtravelseries.C.Atripadvertisement. D.Abiodiversityessay.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦KewGardens的具体情况。【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Visitorscanenjoytheseexoticplantswhileresearcherscanstudythesecretsoftheseflora.(游客可以欣赏这些外来植物，而研究人员可以研究这些植物群的秘密)”可知，研究人员可以在棕榈屋进行研究。由文章第三段中“Someofthespecieskeptherehavegoneextinctinthewild,suchasEncephalartoswoodii,acycadfromSouthAfrica.AndsomearealreadyextinctlikeSaintHelenaolive,buttheKewhasstoreditsDNA.(这里的一些物种已经在野外灭绝了，比如来自南非的一种苏铁。有些已经灭绝了，比如圣赫勒拿岛橄榄，但邱园保存了它的DNA)”可知，这些植物珍贵，可供研究。推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe(氛围)oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.(走在花园里，人们可以感受到地中海的非室内氛围，并了解这些植物的经济和科学用途)”可知，这些植物的经济和科学用途可被研究。由此推知，这三站的共同点是拥有用于科学研究的植物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe(氛围)oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.(走在花园里，人们可以感受到地中海的非室内氛围，并了解这些植物的经济和科学用途)”可知，MediterraneanGarden适合喜欢户外场地的游客。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“KewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.(邱园不仅是伦敦一个受欢迎的旅游目的地，也是一个植物园和一个研究中心，在单一地点拥有最大的活植物收藏。所以，让我们和CGTN的记者罗宾·德怀尔一起探索皇家植物园)”可知，这篇文章很可能取自一部由CGTN的记者罗宾·德怀尔主持的旅游电视连续剧。故选B。B“Youshouldgetacat,”mytherapist(治疗专家)said.“Acat?”Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself..Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(猫科的)friendintomylife.ThisseemedliketooeasyafixforthefactthatIcouldn’tleavethehousewithoutburstingintotears.WhenmypartnerandIfoundCinnamon,heradoptionprofilemadeheroutastheperfectkitten.Wefilledoutthepaperworkandpreparedforherarrival.Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat”.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmytherapist’sadvice.Aftervisitingourvet,sheconcludedthatCinnamonjustwantedourattention.Shefoughttoothandnailtogetabiteofourmeals.She’dfearlesslylicksharpkniveswhenleftunattendedforasplitsecond.CinnamonstolemyheartwithherbraveryandkeptmebusierthanI’deverexpected.Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldbarelyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Shedidn’tstoptoconsidereverypossibleoutcomeofasituation;shesimplywentforit.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.Cinnamonunfortunatelypassedawayafteramedicalaccident.I’mnostrangertosadnessorgrief,butlosingmypetsosuddenlywasthemostconfusingemotionalexperienceI’vehadtodate.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5ambeggingforbreakfast,butshe’sstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakablyshort.Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.4.Whydidtheauthor’stherapistrecommendthatshegetacat?ATolearnhowtointeractwithanimals. B.Tohelptheauthorfilluphersparetime;C.Tosolvetheauthor’sfearofgoingout. D.Todistracttheauthor’sattentionfromherpain.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelatfirstafterCinnamoncamehome?A.Thrilled. B.Amazed. C.Pleased. D.Disappointed.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.WalkingCinnamonoutdoorsbecameanadventurefortheauthor.B.TheauthorwaspositivelyaffectedbyCinnamon’scourageousbehavior.C.Cinnamonlovedgoingoutsideandtookconsequencesintoconsideration.D.TheauthordecidedtotakeCinnamonoutsideasshewastootroublesometostayin.7.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoconveyinthistext?A.Lifeisshortandunpredictable. B.Thelossofapetcanbepainful.C.Weshouldhavethecouragetotakerisks. D.Animal-assistedtherapyisthebestcureformentalillness.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者接受医生的建议，养了一只猫，感受到了猫带来的积极影响，并了解到人们应该拥有冒险的勇气。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThisseemedliketooeasyafixforthefactthatIcouldn’tleavethehousewithoutburstingintotears.(这看起来像是太容易的一个解决办法了，对于我一离开家就会哭这个事实而言。)”可知，作者的治疗师建议她养一只猫是为了解决作者对于外出的恐惧。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmytherapist’sadvice.(她是我养过的最糟糕的猫。我开始怀疑我的治疗师的建议。)”可知，在Cinnamon到家后，作者最初的感觉是失望的。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldbarelyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Shedidn’tstoptoconsidereverypossibleoutcomeofasituation;shesimplywentforit.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.(我们决定开始带她去散步。之前我几乎不敢出门，但我的心无法拒绝小桂子。小桂子让我见识了什么是勇敢。她没有停下来考虑情况的每一种可能的结果;她干脆就去做了。如果公园里有只狗，她就会跑过去。她跳了下去，不知道会落在哪里。她喜欢冒险。过了一会儿，我发现自己在模仿她的行为，不假思索地从床上跳了起来。我开始找到早上起床的动力。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Cinnamon是如何对作者产生积极影响的。可知作者被桂皮勇敢的行为积极影响。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.(如果生活中没有勇气和冒险精神，那将是一种遗憾。)”以及文章内容可知，作者希望通过本篇文章告诉读者，人们都应该有冒险的勇气。故选C项。CIna2012study,BoazKeysar,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicagointheUS,ledanexperimentontherelationshipbetweenforeignlanguagesandpeople’swayofthinking.Intheexperiment,peoplewereaskedtomakeachoice:Justtakeonepoundortakea50percentchanceofwinning2.50pounds.Whengiventhischoiceintheirnativelanguage,mostpeopletookthesafeoptionofonlygettingonepound.Buttheyweremorewillingtomaketheriskierchoicewhenaskedinaforeignlanguage,leadingtomoreprofitsoverall,accordingtoTheGuardian.AsKeysarputit,“Peoplejusthatethechanceoflosing,buttheyhateitlessinaforeignlanguage.”Inanotherstudypublishedthisyear,Keysarandhisteamdidanexperimentinwhichparticipantsweregivenaseriesofrelatedwordslike“dream”,“snooze”,“bed”and“rest”.Later,whenaskedwhichwordstheyrememberedhearing,peopleweremorelikelytomistakenlyremember“sleep”,whichwasnotonthelist,intheirnativelanguage.Butitwasmuchlesslikelytohappeniftheydidthetestinaforeignlanguage.AsKeysarexplained,peoplehavemorecarefulthinkingwhenusingaforeignlanguage,leadingtomoreaccuratememories.Theforeignlanguageeffectmayeveninfluenceourpersonality.SilviaPurpuriattheUniversityofTrento,Italy,lookedatpeople’swillingnesstofaceuncertaintyandenterunfamiliarsituations.Beingtolerant(宽容的)ofuncertaintyallowspeopletohavemorecreativeideasandbemoreopentonewthings.Itturnsoutthatpeoplenaturallyscoremorehighlyonthistrait(特点)whentheycanspeakoruseaforeignlanguagebecausespeakingaforeignlanguagerequirestakingrisks.Theevidenceisclear:Bylearningaforeignlanguage,you’renotjustlearningalanguage—you’regaininganewstateofmind.8.Whatdoesthefirstexperimentsuggest?A.Peoplelikeexpressinginaforeignlanguage.B.Peopleareafraidoflosinginfaceofmoney.C.Peoplemakequickchoicesintheirnativelanguage.D.Peoplepreferriskierdecisionsinaforeignlanguage.9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“accurate”underlinedinparagraph3?A.Colorful. B.Simple. C.Usual. D.Exact.10.Willingnesstofaceuncertaintymakespeople.A.Cool-headed. B.Open-minded. C.Light-hearted. D.Easy-going.11.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?A.Learningforeignlanguageshelpsalot.B.Peopleshouldlearntofaceuncertainty.C.Foreignlanguagesinfluencehowpeoplethink.D.Personalityhasaneffectonlanguagelearning.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，实验研究表明外语对于人们思维方式有影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“AsKeysarputit,“Peoplejusthatethechanceoflosing,buttheyhateitlessinaforeignlanguage.”(正如Keysar所说，“人们只是讨厌失败的可能性，但在外语中他们就不那么讨厌了。”)”可知，人们在外语环境下更愿意冒险。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线处前“AsKeysarexplained,peoplehavemorecarefulthinkingwhenusingaforeignlanguage,(正如Keysar解释的那样，人们在使用外语时会更仔细地思考)”可知，人们在使用外语时思考会更加仔细，因此也就会有更加准确的记忆。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Beingtolerant(宽容的)ofuncertaintyallowspeopletohavemorecreativeideasandbemoreopentonewthings.(对不确定性的宽容可以让人们有更多的创意，对新事物更开放。)”可知，乐意接受不确定性会使人们有更多创造性的想法，也更愿意接受新事物，也就是使人思维更加开放。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ina2012study,BoazKeysar,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicagointheUS,ledanexperimentontherelationshipbetweenforeignlanguagesandpeople’swayofthinking.(在2012年的一项研究中，美国芝加哥大学教授BoazKeysar领导了一项关于外语与人们思维方式之间关系的实验。)”并结合全文可知，本文研究了外语对人们思维方式的影响。故选C。DIntheofficeofremotesensingscientistLiuShaochuang,thereisahugephotographofacamelhesnappedadecadeagoinXinjiang.HecrouchedforhoursbyapoolofwaterintheGobiDeserttocapturetheimage.Since2012,hehasledateamintrackingandstudyingwildcamelsusingsatelliteremotesensingtechnology.Unlikezoologistswhofocusonspecies,Liuhasstudiedtheinterrelationshipbetweenendangeredanimalsandtheirenvironment,whichhebelieveswillhelpdevelopbetterprotectionstrategiesinthefaceofclimatechange.Hisinterestinwildcamelsbeganwhenhisteamtestedaprototype(雏形)designofthelunarroverYutuinthedesert.LivingintheharshdesertsinnorthwesternChinaandsouthwesternMongolia,camelsarelistedascriticallyendangeredanimals.Expertsestimatethatthepopulationofthisspeciesiscurrentlylessthan1,000,ofwhicharound650areinChina.“Tenyearsago,theresearchreliedsolelyonhumanobservation,whichwasveryprimitive,”Liusays.Becausecamelsarefullymigratoryandcantraveloverlongdistances,scientistsusedtolearntheirhabitsbystudyinghoofprintsanddroppings.Itwashardtofindonecamelinthedesert,letalonetrackit.ButLiuthoughthisexpertiseinsatellitenavigation(导航)andremotesensingmightcomeinusefulinthestudyofwildcamels.Itwasnoteasyatfirst.Liulearnedzoologyfromscratch.HisteamhadtospendseveralweekseachyearbravingdustandsandstormsinthevastnessoftheGobiDesertseekingoutcamels.AscaronhisrighteyebrowistheresultofarolloveraccidentonaruggedmountainroadinXinjiang.“Themostexcitingmomentwasattachingasatellitepositioningcollartoawildcamel.”Thetrackingcollar,equippedwithspecialreceivers,weighsonlyafewhundredgrams.Itcandetachautomaticallyandwillnothaveanegativeimpactonthedailylivesoftheanimals.Thelocationsofthetrackedanimalsaretransmittedviasatelliteeveryday.Basedonthedata,scientistscangettoknowtheirmigratorypaths,livingenvironmentsandpossiblethreatstheymaymeetwith.ForLiu,itisworththesignificantsci-techefforttostudysuchararespecies.Headdswildlifeprotectionandresearchwillbecomemorepreciseandefficientwiththehelpoftechnology.12.Whatwasitthatmadetrackingwildcamelsdifficult?A.Thenumberofcamelsexperiencedasharpdecline.B.Massivemigrationmadecamelscoverhugedistances.C.Primitivetoolswereusedinhumanobservation.D.Hoofprintsanddroppingswerenevertobeseen.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthescaronhisrighteyebrow?A.Hiscarelessnessincarryingouthisresearch.B.Hisinexperienceattheverybeginningofhiswork.C.Theroughconditionsunderwhichheworked.D.Thestresshemetwithinhiswork.14.Whatdoesparagraph7mainlyfocuson?A.Theformationofthetrackingcollar.B.Thedefinitionofthetrackingcollar.C.Theimportanceofthetrackingcollar.D.Thefunctionofthetrackingcollar.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLiuShaochuang?A.Generousandambitious. B.Confidentandgrateful.C.Creativeanddetermined. D.Optimisticandmodest.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了遥感科学家刘少创带领一个团队利用卫星遥感技术跟踪和研究野生骆驼的故事。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Becausecamelsarefullymigratoryandcantraveloverlongdistances,scientistsusedtolearntheirhabitsbystudyinghoofprintsanddroppings.Itwashardtofindonecamelinthedesert,letalonetrackit.”（由于骆驼是完全迁徙的动物，可以长途跋涉，科学家们过去常常通过研究蹄印和粪便来了解它们的习性。在沙漠中连一头骆驼都很难找到，更不用说追踪了。）可知，让追踪野生骆驼变得如此困难是因为大规模的迁徙使得骆驼要走很远的路。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中“HisteamhadtospendseveralweekseachyearbravingdustandsandstormsinthevastnessoftheGobiDesertseekingoutcamels.AscaronhisrighteyebrowistheresultofarolloveraccidentonaruggedmountainroadinXinjiang.”（他的团队每年都要花几个星期的时间在广阔的戈壁沙漠冒着沙尘暴寻找骆驼。他右眉上的伤疤是在新疆崎岖的山路上发生的翻车事故造成的。）可知，从他右眉上的伤疤可以推断出他工作的艰苦条件。故选C项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第七段中“Thetrackingcollar,equippedwithspecialreceivers,weighsonlyafewhundredgrams.Itcandetachautomaticallyandwillnothaveanegativeimpactonthedailylivesoftheanimals.Thelocationsofthetrackedanimalsaretransmittedviasatelliteeveryday.”（这种装有特殊接收器的追踪项圈只有几百克重。它可以自动分离，不会对动物的日常生活产生负面影响。被追踪动物的位置每天都通过卫星传送。）可知，第七段的重点讲的是跟踪项圈的功能。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一、二段“IntheofficeofremotesensingscientistLiuShaochuang,thereisahugephotographofacamelhesnappedadecadeagoinXinjiang.HecrouchedforhoursbyapoolofwaterintheGobiDeserttocapturetheimage.Since2012,hehasledateamintrackingandstudyingwildcamelsusingsatelliteremotesensingtechnology.”（在遥感科学家刘少创的办公室里，有一张他十年前在新疆拍摄的骆驼的巨幅照片。他在戈壁沙漠的一池水旁蹲了几个小时来捕捉这张照片。自2012年以来，他带领一个团队利用卫星遥感技术跟踪和研究野生骆驼。）可推知，刘少创是有创造力和决心的。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anearthquakecanstrikewithoutwarning.Butmanyinjuriesanddeathsfromthiskindofnaturaldisastercanbepreventedifpeoplefollowthesesafetytips.Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistotrytoleaveabuilding.

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Dropdownontotheground.Getunderanobjectthatisnoteasilydamaged.Holdontoituntiltheshakingstops.Youcanalsogettoacornerformedbytwowallswithyourarmsoveryourhead.Ifyou’reinbedwhenthequakehits,staythereandprotectyourheadwithapillow.____17____

Don’ttakeshelterundertrees,streetlights,telegraphpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopasquicklyaspossibleandstayawayfromoverpasses,buildings,bridgesoranythingelsethatmightfallorcollapseoveryou.

____18____Ifyouaretrappedintheruinscoveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforapieceofclothing.Useyourcellphonetocallforhelpifpossible.Don’tshout.

____19____

Taponapipeorthewallsorescuerscanfindyou.Bepreparedforaftershocks.____20____

However,sometimestheyevenhappenmonthslater.Therefore,ifyouarenotinasafepositionafterthefirstshock,youshouldmovequicklybutcarefullytoasaferplace.A.Don’tmoveaboutorkickupdost.B.Ifyou’reoutside,gotoanopenspace.C.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindust.D.Don’tparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.E.Aftershocksaregenerallyweakerthanthemainquake.F.Theycanhappeninthefirsthoursaftertheearthquake.G.Mostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogetout.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震时保持安全的一些技巧。【16题详解】根据上文“Oneofthemostdangerousthingstodoinanearthquakeistotrytoleaveabuilding.(地震时最危险的事情之一就是试图离开建筑物。)”可知，空处应承接前文，讲述建筑物内的人试图离开建筑物时容易造成伤害。G项“大多数伤害发生在建筑物内的人试图出去的时候。”符合语境，选项中的“whenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogetout”与上文中的“trytoleaveabuilding”对应。故选G。【17题详解】后文“Don’ttakeshelterundertrees,streetlights,telegraphpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopasquicklyaspossibleandstayawayfromoverpasses,buildings,bridgesoranythingelsethatmightfallorcollapseoveryou.(不要躲在树下、路灯下、电线杆下或高层建筑下。如果你正在开车，尽快停车，并远离立交桥、建筑物、桥梁或任何可能倒塌的东西。)”讲述了一些在户外的安全做法。再结合第二段首句“Ifyou’reinsideabuilding,staythere!(如果你在建筑物里，就待在那里！)”可知，第二段讲述了在建筑物内的做法，这里应说在建筑物外时应该怎么做，B项“如果你在外面，就去空旷的地方。”符合语境。故选B。【18题详解】前文“Ifyouaredriving,stopasquicklyaspossibleandstayawayfromoverpasses,buildings,bridgesoranythingelsethatmightfallorcollapseoveryou.(如果你正在开车，尽快停车，并远离立交桥、建筑物、桥梁或任何可能倒塌的东西。)”讲述了开车时应该立即停车，并注意不要停在某些可能倒塌的地方下，此处应承接前文，讲述停车注意事项，D项“不要把你的车停在树下或任何高的物体下。”符合语境。故选D。19题详解】前文“Don’tshout.(不要喊叫)”告诫不要喊叫，此处应承接前文，讲述喊叫可能造成的后果，C项“喊叫会使你吸入灰尘。”符合题意，且选项中的“Shouting”和上文中的“shout”对应。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Bepreparedforaftershocks.(为余震做好准备。)”和下文“However,sometimestheyevenhappenmonthslater.(然而，有时它们甚至会在几个月后发生。)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，指出余震会在短时间内发生，F项“它们可能在地震后的最初几个小时内发生。”符合题意，选项中的“They”指代上文的“aftershocks”。故选F。第二部分语言运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。Lotsofpeoplehavetreestolookatfromtheirbedrooms,butmyperspective（视角）isdifferent.MynameisMirandaGibson.Ihavebeenlivingatthetopofatree___21___60metersfor449daysnow.Somepeoplemightwonder___22___onearthIwouldchoosetodothis.StretchingoutbelowmeisoneofTasmania'slastareasofancientforest---inanareathatwasproposedforWorldHeritageprotection,yetremainsunderthe___23___ofindustriallogging（砍伐）.On12December2011,machinery（大型机械）rolledintotheforestandthedestructionbegan.Icouldn't___24___thethoughtthattheseforestswouldbe___25___forever.So,on14December2011,Ipackedupmylife,___26___ofmyjobplans,andclimbed200feetontothetopofthistree.Ihavebeenhereeversince.PeopleoftenaskmewhatIdouphereallday.It'sbusierthanyouwouldimagine.Likeanofficejob,butwithasplendid___27___!Ispendmydayswritingaboutthisforestanditsurgent（紧急的）needfor___28___onmyblog.Lifeinthetreetopscanbe___29___attimes.IhavetimeswhenIfeelfrustrated（沮丧）andwishIcould____30____,toanywhere,justtohaveachangeofsceneryforaminute!TherearealsotimeswhenIfeelterribly____31____.Imissmyfriendsandfamily.Myonlyconnectiontotheoutsideworldismyphoneandcomputer,whichIchargeviasolarpanel.____32____thesetimes,Ifindmyselflovingtheexperience.Livingonthetreehasbeeninspiring.Iamwillingto____33____uphereforaslongasittakes,butIhonestlyhopeitwon'tbetoo____34____beforeIwillbeabletogetdownandputmyfeetonthegroundinaforestthatisnolongerunderthreat—inaforestthatwillbe____35____guardedforfuturegenerations.21.A.lengthening B.measuring C.weighing D.topping22.A.why B.when C.how D.where23.A.danger B.alarm C.threat D.pressure24.A.keep B.help C.bear D.lose25.A.sold B.protected C.hunted D.gone26.A.grewout B.fellshort C.ranout D.letgo27.A.sight B.view C.scenery D.landscape28.A.extinction B.preservation C.creation D.harmony29.A.refreshing B.alarming C.challenging D.rewarding30.A.getaround B.getaway C.givein D.giveup31.A.confused B.upset C.lonely D.sorry32.A.Despite B.Without C.Beyond D.Unlike33.A.return B.stop C.stay D.hide34.A.long B.soon C.distant D.nearby35.A.particularly B.finally C.immediately D.safely【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.B28.B29.C30.B31.C32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了保护森林，反对乱砍乱伐，在树上生活的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经在一棵60米高的树顶上生活了449天了。A.lengthening拉长；B.measuring测量，（尺寸、数量等）量度为；C.weighing称重，重量为；D.topping超过。根据前文“atree”以及后文“60meters”可知，measure表达长度或高度是多少，符合句意。故选B项。【22题详解】考查宾语从句引导词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会问，我到底为什么要选择这样做。A.why为什么；B.when何时；C.how怎样；D.where在哪里。根据后文“StretchingoutbelowmeisoneofTasmania's1astareasofancientforest---inanareathatwasproposedforWorldHeritageprotection,yetremainsunderthe___3___ofindustriallogging（砍伐）.”等内容可知，作者在后文中回答了为什么爬到树上去生活的问题。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的脚下，是塔斯马尼亚州最后一片原始森林之一，该地区曾被提议列入世界遗产保护名录，但仍然受到工业伐木的威胁。A.danger危险；B.alarm警报；C.threat威胁；D.pressure压力。根据后文“ofindustriallogging（砍伐）”以及最后一段最后一句中“Iwillbeabletogetdownandputmyfeetonthegroundinaforestthatisnolongerunderthreat”可知，森林受到被砍伐的威胁。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法忍受这些森林将永远消失的想法。A.keep保持；B.help帮助；C.bear承受，忍受；D.lose丢失。根据文章最后一句中“butIhonestlyhopeitwon'tbetoo___14___beforeIwillbeabletogetdownandputmyfeetonthegroundinaforestthatisnolongerunderthreat—inaforestthatwillbe___15___guardedforfuturegenerations.”可知，作者希望保护这篇森林，所以不能忍受这片森林被砍伐。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法忍受这些森林将永远消失的想法。A.sold出售；B.protected保护；C.hunted猎取；D.gone消失，流失。基于上文的分析，可知森林遭到砍伐，受到威胁，所以指森林会“消失”其他选项如“出售；保护；猎取”均不符合句意。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以，在2011年12月14日，我收拾好我的生活，放下我的工作计划，爬上了200英尺高的树顶。A.grewout长出；B.fellshort落空；C.ranout用完；D.letgo放走，放弃。根据后文“Ihavebeenhereeversince.”可知，从那时起作者就一直在树上，所以说是放弃了工作。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一份办公室工作，但是风景很好!A.sight视觉，风景（多指旅游观光的景色）；B.view看法，风景（多指从某一角度看到的景色）；C.scenery景色，风景（多指一个国家或地区的整体自然景色）；D.landscape风景（多指内陆的自然风光）。根据第一段第一句中“butmyperspective（视角）isdifferent.”可知，风景是作者因在树上生活而从某一特殊的角度看到的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天都在博客上写关于这片森林及其迫切需要保护的内容。A.extinction灭绝；B.preservation保存，保护；C.creation创造；D.harmony和谐。根据最后一段最后一句中“butIhonestlyhopeitwon'tbetoo___14___beforeIwillbeabletogetdownandputmyfeetonthegroundinaforestthatisnolongerunderthreat—inaforestthatwillbe___15___guardedforfuturegenerations.”可知，作者希望保护这篇森林，所以在博客上写森林迫切需要保护的内容。故选B项。【29题详解】考查现在分词转化的形容词词义辨析。句意：在树顶的生活有时是充满挑战的。A.refreshing令人耳目一新的；B.alarming令人惊慌的；C.challenging挑战性的；D.rewarding值得做的。根据后文“IhavetimeswhenIfeelfrustrated（沮丧）”以及“Imissmyfriendsandfamily.”等信息可知，作者在树顶上生活有时是充满挑战的。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时我感到沮丧，希望我能离开，到任何地方去，只是为了换一分钟风景!A.getaround绕过；B.getaway走开，离开；C.givein屈服；D.giveup放弃。根据上文“IhavetimeswhenIfeelfrustrated（沮丧）”以及后文“toanywhere,justtohaveachangeofsceneryforaminute”可知，作者在树上生活不容易，有时希望离开树顶。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我也会感到非常孤独。A.confused迷惑的；B.upset难过的；C.lonely孤独的；D.sorry遗憾的。根据后文“Imissmyfriendsandfamily.Myonlyconnectiontotheoutsideworldismyphoneandcomputer,whichIchargeviasolarpanel.”可知，作者有时会感到孤独。故选C项。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是喜欢这段经历。A.Despite尽管；B.Without没有；C.Beyond超出；D.Unlike不像。根据前文“Ifeelfrustrated”以及“Imissmyfriendsandfamily.”等信息可知，作者在树上生活并不容易，根据后文“Ifindmyselflovingtheexperience”可知，后文和前文构成让步关系，Despite“尽管”符合句意。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我愿意在这里尽可能地待上一段时间，但我真诚地希望，不用太久之后，我就能下来，双脚踏在一片不再受到威胁的森林里，踏在为子孙后代而被安全地保护的森林里。A.return返回，归还；B.stop停止，阻止；C.stay逗留；D.hide隐藏。根据前文“Livingonthetreehasbeeninspiring.”以及后文“foraslongasittakes”可知，这里指作者要留在树上一段时间。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我愿意在这里尽可能地待上一段时间，但我真诚地希望，不用太久之后，我就能下来，双脚踏在一片不再受到威胁的森林里，踏在为子孙后代而被安全地保护的森林里。A.long长的；B.soon不久；C.distant遥远的；D.nearby附近的。根据上文“aslongasittakes”以及“but”转折的语义可知，作者希望自己这么做能够尽快起到保护森林的效果，所以希望（不用太久notlong）之后，就能从树顶上下来。故选A项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我愿意在这里尽可能地待上一段时间，但我真诚地希望，不用太久之后，我就能下来，双脚踏在一片不再受到威胁的森林里，踏在为子孙后代而被安全地保护的森林里。A.particularly特别是；B.finally最后；C.immediately立刻；D.safely安全地。根据前文“nolongerunderthreat”可知，此处指希望森林被“安全地”保护下来。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。WiththerapiddevelopmentoftheInternet,moreandmoreteenagersmakefriendsonlinenowadays.Somepeoplesayit’sgoodtodothat,whileothersthinkit’sharmful____36____(especial)toschoolpupils.Someconsiderthatmakingfriendsonlineisamodernwaytosharefriendship____37____others.Theycanexpresstheirthoughts____38____(free)toimprovesocialskillsandfluencyinEnglish.Onthecontrary,somestronglybelieveitis____39____wasteoftimetomakefriendsthroughonlinecommunicationandwhat’sworse,thoseso-called“friends”arelikelytocheatyouafter____40____(gain)yourtrust.Inmyopinion,____41____theInternetisgoodornotdependsonhowweuseit.Ifit____42____(use)properly,wecancommunicatewithpeople____43____comefromeverycorneroftheworld,andsharelifeexperiences.Ofcourse,however,sincetheInternetwasborn,manybadmen____44____(make)useofittodosomethingbad.Sowemustlearntodeterminetruthorfalsityandavoidbeinghurt.In____45____(conclude)everycoinhastwosides.SodoestheInternet.Ifusedinaproperway,theInternethasmoreadvantagesinseekingfriendship.【答案】36.especially37.with38.freely39.a40.gaining41.whether42.isused43.who##that44.havemade45.co