2024届高考英语一轮复习基础自测Unit4HistoryandTraditions新人教版必修第二册含答案

Unit4HistoryandTraditions基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.individualadj.单独的；个别的n.个人2.chiefadj.最重要的；最高级别的n.（公司或机构的）首领；酋长3.nearbyadj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近4.conquervt.占领；征服；控制5.battlen.战役；搏斗；斗争vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗6.chargen.收费；指控；主管vt.&vi.收费vt.控告；充电7.amountn.金额；数量8.galleryn.（艺术作品的）展览馆；画廊9.approachn.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.&vt.靠近10.ensurevt.保证；确保；担保11.positionn.位置；姿态；职位12.feastn.盛宴；宴会；节日13.rollvi.&vt.（使）翻滚；（使）滚动n.卷（轴）；翻滚14.customn.风俗；习俗；习惯15.strikingadj.引人注目的；显著的Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.puzzlen.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的→puzzledadj.困惑的2.defendvt.&vi.辩护；防护；保卫；防守→defencen.防御；保卫→defensiveadj.防御的；保护的3.legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的→illegallyadv.非法地4.surroundvt.围绕；包围→surroundingadj.周围的；附近的→surroundingsn.环境5.evidencen.证据；证明→evidentadj.明显的6.achievevt.达到；实现→achievementn.成就；成绩；达到7.locatevt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→locationn.地方；地点；位置→locatedadj.坐落于；位于8.fascinatevt.使着迷；迷住→fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinatedadj.入迷的→fascinationn.着迷；魅力9.announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn.宣布；通告→announcern.广播员；（球类比赛的）解说员10.generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generouslyadv.慷慨地11.eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.热心地；急切地→eagernessn.热切；渴望12.poetn.诗人→poemn.诗→poetryn.诗歌（总称）13.greetvt.问候；迎接→greetingn.问候；致意14.crowdn.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.philosophyn.哲学2.descendantn.后裔；后代；子孙3.heeln.足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟4.kingdomn.王国；领域5.currencyn.通货；货币6.militaryadj.军事的；军用的7.portn.港口（城市）8.landscapen.（陆上，尤指乡村的）风景9.ancestorn.祖宗；祖先10.courtyardn.庭院；院子11.snackn.点心；小吃12.countyn.（英国、爱尔兰的）郡；（美国的）县13.roarvi.&n.吼叫；咆哮14.scentn.气味；气息15.transitionn.过渡；转变；变迁Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来2.breakaway（fromsb./sth.）脱离；背叛；逃脱3.belongto属于4.aswellas同（一样也）；和；还5.keepone’seyesopen（for）留心；留意Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.TheUnitedKingdom，GreatBritain，Britain，England-manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.（what引导宾语从句）联合王国，大不列颠，英国，英格兰——许多人对这些不同名字的含义感到困惑。2.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany？（if省略结构）那么，如果有的话，它们之间的区别是什么呢？3.Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.（过去分词短语作后置定语）他们拥有同样的货币和国防，也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。4.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.（keep＋宾语＋宾补）如果你留心，你会吃惊地发现你既能看到它的过去又能看到它的现在。5.Thepeacefullandscapeofthe"EmeraldIsle"anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.（with复合结构）"绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛"风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）1.OntheLunarNewYear’sEve，theentirefamilygettogetherforafeast（盛宴）andtheeldermembersgivetheyoungergenerationluckymoneyinredenvelopes.2.Thehorsehadbeenthechief（最重要的）meansoftransportationtillthe20thcenturywhenitwasgraduallyreplacedbythecar.3.Ratherthanstayingathomeduringtheholiday，theydecidedtotakeashorttriptoanearby（附近的）porttoenjoythefascinatingscenery.4.Thepatientfoughtatoughbattle（斗争）againstthecancer，notgivinguphope.5.Theworkerswentonrepairingtherailwayforaslongastwelvehourstoensure（确保）thetrainwasinserviceontime.6.Ithinkheisfitfortheposition（职位）；therefore，I’llputhimforwardforchiefsecretary.7.Thefood，clothesandcustoms（风俗）allreflectthetraditionandhistoryofyourdestination.8.Climate-relatednaturaldisastersstrikemoreoftenthanever，causinghugeeconomiclosstocountriesandindividuals（个人）.9.Thecompanyisexploringideastoproducethehighestvaluefromproductswhileconsumingtheleastamount（数量）ofmoney.10.Toouramazement，thepubchargedusonly$5forthesnackthatday.Itwaswellworthit.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thefamouspoetlivesinasmallcountryafterretirement.Heenjoysthepleasantsurroundings.Hishouseissurroundedbytreesandflowers.Hesometimestakesawalktothesurroundingareas.（surround）2.Itwasevidentthatalltheevidencewecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.（evident）3.Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirl’sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.（puzzle）4.Intimeofwar，hugeamountsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.（defend）5.Thechiefmanagerannouncedthatthecompanywouldprovidefruitsforthestafffreeofchargefromnextmonth.Theannouncementwouldbesenttoeveryonebyemail.（announce）6.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity，whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseofachievement.（achieve）7.Johnshowedhiseagernesstojointheclub.Aftersendinghisapplication，heeagerlycheckedhisphoneahundredtimesforresponse.（eager）8.Therearemanyfascinatingsights.Forexample，MountTai’sprettysceneryhasfascinatedmanypoetsandpainters，whoarealsofascinatedbyitshistoryandlegends.（fascinate）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子join...to...breakaway（fromsb./sth.）belongtoaswellaskeepone’seyesopen（for）1.Heisconsideringsellingtheoldhousewhichbelongstohisgrandparentsandusingthemoneytostartabusinessofhisown.2.Youshouldkeepyoureyesopenforyourbelongingswhengoingonatrip.3.Whenpreparingmeals，weneedtothinkaboutvarietyandtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.4.Tosolvethepopulationproblems，manyfarmersareencouragedtomovetotheisland，whichisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscountrysincetheybrokeawayfromconventions