贵州省遵义市高三“命题能力提升”培训模拟试命题

遵义市2021届高三“命题能力提升”培训模拟试命题时间：100分钟满分：120分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChinanowhas52sitesincludedontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist,someofwhichmaygiveyousomecluesonyournexttravelplan.MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorTheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorislocatedinLinTongCounty,nearXi’ancity,capitalofShanxiprovince.Atotalof8,000lifesizeterracottawarriors,chariotsandhorses,andhundredsofbronzeweaponshavebeenunearthedfromit.Itisbelievedthatitisamajorarchaeologicalfind,calledtheeighthwonderoftheworld,parallelingEgypt’spyramids.Kulangsu,aHistoricInternationalSettlementKulangyuIsland,knowninthelocaldialectasKulangsu,islocatedontheentryoftheJiulongRiver,facingthecityofXiamen,influencedbyWesterncultureinthe19thcentury,especiallymusic.WithsuchaharmoniousblendofWesternmusicandEasternculture,Gulangyuisnaturallyreferredtoasthe“islandofmusic”.QinghaiHohXilHohXil,locatedinthenortheasternendoftheQinghaiTibetanPlateauisChina’slargestandtheworld’sthirdlargestuninhabitedarea.HohXil,withhighaltitudeandfierceweather,nopeopletolivethere,isaparadiseforwildlifeandhometomorethan230speciesofwildanimalsincludingendangeredspeciessuchastheTibetanantelope.HuangshanMountainHuangshan,knownas“theloveliestmountainofChina”,liesinthesouthofAnhuiprovinceineasternChina.Thescenicareacovers154sqkm,famousforitspeaks,rocks,pines,cloudsandsprings,witharichculturalheritage.1.WherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinhistoryduringyourstayinXi’an?A.QinghaiHohXil. B.Kulangsu. C.Mausoleum. D.Huangshan.2.WhatisspecialforKulangsuparedwiththeotherthreeWorldHeritagesmentionedinthepassage?A.Itsbeautifulscenery.B.ItsvalueinArcheology.C.Itsuniquenaturallivingenvironmentforwildlife.D.ItsmixtureofWesternmusicandEasternculture.3.Wheremaythepassagebetakenfrom?A.Asciencefiction.B.Ahistorytextbook.C.Atravelguidebook.D.Anentertainmentmagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了秦始皇陵、鼓浪屿、青海可可西里、黄山四个列入世界遗产名录的遗址的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor景点的介绍中“TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorislocatedinLinTongCounty,nearXi’ancity”可知，秦始皇陵位于西安附近。如果你在西安逗留期间并且对历史感兴趣，应该会去参观秦始皇陵。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Kulangsu,aHistoricInternationalSettlement景点的介绍中“WithsuchaharmoniousblendofWesternmusicandEasternculture,Gulangyuisnaturallyreferredtoasthe‘islandofmusic’”可知，鼓浪屿是西方音乐和东方文化的融合。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段提到“…maygiveyousomecluesonyournexttravelplan”，下文介绍了中国的四个列入世界遗产名录的遗址。由此可以推断，该文章应该来自于旅游指南。故选C。B“TomorrowwewillseetheGoldenGateBridge,”saidPeter.“Ihaveneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.”Peter'sfathersmiled,butsaidnothing.Thenextmorning,hisfathertookPetertothebridge.Peterfirstsawitfromfaraway.Howbigitlooked!Butthenhesawthebridgewasred!“Thebridgeisn'tgolden!”hesaid.“WhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge?”“Itisn'tnamedforitscolor,”saidhisfather.“ItisnamedfortheGoldenGate.”“WhatistheGoldenGate?”askedPeter.“Agateiseitheranopening,orthethingthatclosestheopening,”saidhisfather.“TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseaesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.”“Oh,”saidPeter.“Andthebridgegoesovertheopening.ButwhyistheopeningcalledtheGoldenGate?”“YearsagomencametoCaliforniatolookforgold,”hisfathersaid.“Manycamebyship.Theycameintothebaythroughthatopening.Forthemitwasagatetogold.TheynamedittheGoldenGate.”“Well,”saidPeter,“Istillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden.”Whengettinghome,hesentalettertoaCaliforniapaper.hesaid:”RedisnottherightcolorfortheGoldenGateBridge.Thebridgeshouldlookgolden,thewaymostpeoplethinkitdoes.”Petersent$14.78withhisletter.“Themoneyistohelppaintthebridgegold,”hewrote.ManypeoplereadPeter'sletterinthenewspaperandthingsbegantohappen!Somepeoplesentmoney.Abigpanygaverealgoldtomakegoldpaint.Apaintpanymadethepaint.Butsomepeoplestillwantedthebridgetobered!WilltheGoldenGateBridgeeverbegolden?Itwill,ifenoughpeoplefeelasPeterdoes.Howdoyoufeelaboutit?4.Whydidfathersmilewhenhearinghisson’swords?A.Hissonhadneverseenaredbridgebefore.B.Hissonwastoodelightedtovisitthebridge.C.Hissonwasabouttoseethebridgetomorrow.D.Hissonmisunderstoodthecolorofthebridge.5.WhatistheGoldenGateBridgenamedfor?A.Thecolorofthebridge.B.Theshapeofthebridge.C.Thelocationofthebridge.D.Thefunctionofthebridge.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidPeterfeelwhenhisfathertoldhimtheoriginoftheGoldenGateBridge?A.Astonished. B.Puzzled.C.Determined. D.Frustrated.7.WhatdidpeopledoafterreadingPeter’sletter？A.Afirmmadeagoldpaintbyusingrealgold.B.Thegovernmentpaintedthebridgegolden.C.Somepeoplewereagainstthechangeofthecolor.D.Somepeopleraisedmoneyforthegoldenbridge.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】本文是记叙文。Peter觉得金门大桥应该是金色的，不应该是红色的。于是写信到报社，并寄了钱，认为应该把这座桥漆成金色的。对Peter的做法，有人支持，有人还是认为不应该改变桥的颜色。【4题详解】细节理解题。儿子Peter说“Ihaveneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.”Peter原以为金门大桥就是金色；下文提到“Butthenhesawthebridgewasred!”看到大桥后，发现桥是红色的。因此父亲对Peter说的“agoldenbridge”笑而不答，是因为Peter误解了桥的颜色。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。Peter的父亲解释金门大桥名称的由来“ItisnamedfortheGoldenGate.”“TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseaesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.”大桥因为金门而得名；而金门是陆地上的一个开口，海水从这里流入旧金山湾。因此金门大桥以桥的功能而命名。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。在听父亲解释金门大桥名称的来由后，Peter说“Istillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden”，他还是觉得这座桥看起来应该是金色的。由此可以推断，Peter对金门大桥名称的由来还是感到困惑不解。故选B。7题详解】细节理解题。人们在报纸上看到Peter的信后，有些人寄钱，或用实际行动表示支持；文章中提到“Butsomepeoplestillwantedthebridgetobered!”有些人还是希望桥是红色的，反对改变桥的颜色。故选C。CThesixthmassextinctionoflifeontheEarthisunfoldingmorequicklythanfeared,scientistshavewarned.Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—aredeclininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitisunderway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedieoutisalreadygrowingfast.Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwodecadesagoarenowendangered,includingcheetahs,lionsandgiraffes,thestudyshowed.Thereisnomysteryastowhy:ourowneverexpandingspecies—whichhasmorethandoubledinnumbersince1960to7.4billion—iseatingcrowdingandpollutingitsplanetarycohabitantsoutofexistence.Byparison,thereareasfewas20,000lionsleftinthewild,lessthan7,000cheetahs,500to1,000giantpandas.Themaindriversofwildlifedeclinearehabitatloss,overconsumption,pollution,otherspecies,disease,aswellashuntinginthecaseoftigers,elephants,rhinosandotherlargeanimalsprizedfortheirbodyparts.Climatechangeisthoughttobeeamajorthreatintheingdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamouslypolarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underway”inParagraph2mean?A.Doing. B.Ongoing.C.Increasing. D.Keeping.9.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theextinctionreasonsofthewildanimals.B.Thedisappearanceofthewildanimalsisapproaching.C.Theextinctionofthewildanimalsisbeingfaster.D.Therisingtemperaturesleadtotheextinctionofthewildanimals.10.Whichwordbestdescribesthesituationsofthewildanimalsmentionedinthepassage?A.Protected. B.Endangered.C.fortable. D.Wonderful.11.Whatisthemainreasonthatthepolarbearsmaydisappear?A.Climatechange. B.Humans’hunting.C.Lossoflivingareas. D.Variousillnesses.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】本文是说明文，科学家警告：全球野生动物第六次大灭绝的速度比预期的还要快，文章分析了这种现象发生的原因，其中气候变化被认为是未来主要威胁因素。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitisunderway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedieoutisalreadygrowingfast.”大约十年前，专家们担心一场新的物种灭绝正在出现。今天，大多数人都同意这种情况正在发生，但是新的研究表明，这种灭绝已经在快速增长。根据前文的wasappearing和后文isalreadygrowingfast，可知科学家们担心的物种灭绝现在已经在进行了，所以划线词的意思是“正在进行中”，故选B项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—aredeclininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.”根据对这些趋势的首次全面分析，超过30%的脊椎动物—鱼类、鸟类、两栖动物、爬行动物和哺乳动物的范围和数量都在减少。文章第一段点明了主旨，说明了现在野生动物减少的速度越来越快，故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwodecadesagoarenowendangered,”生物多样性的丧失最近加速了。几十年前还相对安全的几种哺乳动物现在已经濒临灭绝。可知，野生动物的处境是濒临灭绝的。故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Climatechangeisthoughttobeeamajorthreatintheingdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamouslypolarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns”气候变化被认为是未来几十年的主要威胁，由于气温上升和天气模式的变化，一些动物最著名的是北极熊的数量已经在减少。可知，北极熊会消失的主要原因是气候变化，故选A项。DTheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrisetomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabovepreindustriallevels.TheU.N.'sWorldMeteorological(气象的)Organization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinuedwarmingcouldpresentachallengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement,whichseekstolimitworldtemperaturerisesthroughmajorcutsinhumancausedgreenhousegases.TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearlyaveragetemperaturewillriseabove1.5Celsiushigherthanthepreindustrialaveragelevelsinatleastoneyear.Thereportidentifies18501900asthepreindustrialperiod.Thatdoesnotmeanthattheaveragewouldbecrossingthelongtermtargetof1.5Celsiusthatscientistshavesetasthelimitforavoidingcatastrophic（灾难性的)climatechange.Temperaturesoverthelastfiveyearshavebeenthewarmestonrecord,theWMOreported.Temperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsareverylikelytobewithintherangeof0.91to1.59Celsiusabovepreindustriallevels,itpredicted.Almostalloftheworld,exceptforpartsofthesouthernoceans,arelikelytobewarmerthantherecentpast,whichisdefinedas1981to2010.SouthernAfricaandAustralia,wherefireslastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares(公顷)，willprobablybedrierthanusualthrough2024,thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms.MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictionsareworrisome."Itshowshowclosewe'regettingtowhattheParisAgreementistryingtoprevent,”hesaid.Still,DilleyaddedthatitwouldnotbeimpossibleforcountriestoreachthetargetsetinParis,ofkeepingglobalwarmingwellbelow2degreesCelsius,bytheendofthecentury.PetteriTaalas,theWMOSecretaryGeneral,added,"WhileCOVID19hascausedasevereinternationalhealthandeconomiccrisis,failuretocopewithclimatechangemaythreatenhumanwellbeing,ecosystemsandeconomiesforcenturies.”12.Whatcanweinferaboutthecontinuedwarming?A.Inanalarmingtrend. B.Outofcontrol.C.Atasteadyspeedofrising. D.Withintherangeofpermission.13WhatdoestheauthortrytotellusinParagraph3?A.Temperatureswillhaveasuddenrise.B.PeopleinAfricashouldgetmorehelp.C.FiresinAustraliawilllastover5years.D.Ourlivingenvironmentisgettingworse.14.WhichwordbestdescribesMaxxDilley'sattitudetocontinuedwarming?A.Carefree. B.Objective.C.Concerned. D.Ignorant.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GlobalimpactofClimatechange.B.Themostseriouschallengeweface.C.Thepredictionsabouttemperaturerise.D.Themethodsofcopingwithcontinuedwarming.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国世界气象组织预测未来五年内全球气温会持续上升，这会对全球环境带来影响，以及这一预测引起了人们的担忧。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheU.N.'sWorldMeteorologicalOrganization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinuedwarmingcouldpresentachallengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement,”联合国世界气象组织(WMO)说，这一预测表明，全球持续变暖可能对2015年《巴黎协定》(ParisAgreement)设定的气候变化目标构成挑战。由此判断出，据世界气象组织称，持续变暖的趋势令人担忧。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Temperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsareverylikelytobewithintherangeof0.91to1.59Celsiusabovepreindustriallevels,itpredicted.”该报告预测，未来5年的气温很可能会比工业化前的水平高出0.91至1.59摄氏度。和“SouthernAfricaandAustralia,wherefireslastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares(公顷)，willprobablybedrierthanusualthrough2024,thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms.”报告称，去年大火烧毁了数百万公顷的南部非洲和澳大利亚，到2024年可能会比往常更干燥。非洲的萨赫勒地区可能会更潮湿，而欧洲会有更多的风暴。可知，作者通过例举最近的自然灾害和气候变化，是想告诉我们，我们的生活环境会越来越差。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictionsareworrisome.”世界气象组织气候服务主任MaxxDilley告诉美联社，这些预测令人担忧。可知，MaxxDilley对持续升温持担忧的态度，故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrisetomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabovepreindustriallevels.”联合国预测未来五年全球气温可能会上升到1度以上。比工业化前的水平高5摄氏度。以及第二段中“TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearlyaveragetemperaturewillriseabove1.5Celsiushigherthanthepreindustrialaveragelevelsinatleastoneyear.”世界气象组织称，在至少一年内，年平均气温比工业化前的平均水平上升1.5摄氏度以上的可能性为20%。本文主要讲述了联合国世界气象组织预测未来五年内全球气温会持续上升，这会对全球环境带来影响，以及这一预测引起了人们的担忧。可知本文的最佳标题是C项“关于气温上升的预测”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ProtectyourselfandothersfromCOVID19IfCOVID19isspreadinginyourmunity,gettingintopanicisprobablynotawisechoiceforbothyouandyourfamilymembers.____16____.Followtheadvicebelowanddoitall!Keepyourdistanceatleastonemetre.____17____Keepanevengreaterdistancebetweenyourselfandotherswhenindoors.Thefurtheraway,thebetter.___18___Whattypeofmasktowearandwhendependonhowmuchvirusiscirculatingwhereyoulive,whereyougoandwhoyouare.Wearamedicalmaskifyouareover60,feelingunwell,orlookingafteranillfamilymember.Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces.Outbreakshavebeenreportedwherepeoplehavegathered,suchasrestaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs.____19____Sotakingprecautions（预防）isevenmoreimportant.Preventconstantlytouchfromyoureyes,noseandmouth.Handstouchmanysurfacesandcanpickupviruses.Onceinfected,handscantransferthevirustoyoureyes,noseormouth.____20____A.Choosetherightmasktoputon.B.Bringyourmaskwhileinhospital.C.Fromthere,theviruscanenteryourbodyandinfectyou.D.Therefore,cleanyourhandsbeforeyouputyourmaskon.E.Youcan,ofcourse,staysafebytakingsomesimplemeasures.F.Thiswillreduceyourriskofinfectionwhenotherscough,sneezeorspeak.G.Theseenvironmentsmakeitmoreefficientandeasierforthevirustospread.【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.G20.C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种保护自己免受COVID19感染的预防措施。【16题详解】空前一句提到“gettingintopanicisprobablynotawisechoice（陷入恐慌可能不是一个明智的选择）”；E项“staysafebytakingsomesimplemeasures（采取一些简单的措施来保证安全）”是顺承空前一句的话题；文章下面是提出免受COVID19感染的一些措施，与E项内容相符。故选E。【17题详解】该段首句是“Keepyourdistanceatleastonemetre.（保持至少一米的距离）”；F项中“this”是指代空前一句的“保持距离”，F项中“reduceyourriskofinfection”说明保持距离可以降低感染风险，与该段主题相符。故选F。【18题详解】该空位于段首，应该是该段的主题句；空后一句提到“Whattypeofmasktowearandwhen（戴什么类型的口罩以及什么时候戴口罩）”，由此可知，该段是说明如何选择带合适的口罩。A项“Choosetherightmasktoputon（选择戴正确的口罩）”应是该段的主题句。故选A。【19题详解】该段提到的措施是“Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces.（避免去封闭和拥挤的地方）”；空前一句提到“Outbreakshavebeenreportedwherepeoplehavegathered,suchasrestaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs.（在人群聚集的地方，如餐馆、健身班和夜总会，已经出现了疫情）”；G项中“theseenvironments”指代空前一句中的“restaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs”；“makeitmoreefficientandeasierforthevirustospread”是说明该段提出的措施“Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces”的原因，因此G项符合该段的主题。故选G。【20题详解】空前一句提到“handscantransferthevirustoyoureyes,noseormouth.（手可以把病毒传播到你的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴）”；C项中“fromthere”指代空前一句中的“youreyes,noseormouth”，是顺承空前一句的话题。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AliceMoore,ateenagerentrepreneur(创业者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,her___21___wasworthmillionsofdollarswiththe___22___ofasupersweettreatthatcouldsavekids’teeth,insteadof___23___them.Itall___24___withabankvisitingwithherdad,whereshewas___25___acandybar.Butherdad___26___herthatsugarytreatswerebadforher___27___.Sickofmissingoutoncandies,shedesiredto___28___thewarning,“Whycan’tImakea___29___candythat’sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan’tsaynotoit?”Withthat_____30_____,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandypany.He_____31_____thatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywould_____32_____.Withherdad’s_____33_____,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingandconductingtrialstogetatastyandtoothfriendlyrecipe.Shealso_____34_____dentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning._____35_____,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusing_____36_____sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessoffthegroundandsuccessfully_____37_____herproduct—CanCandytoasupermarketowner.Althoughshe_____38_____herpanyearlyoninlife,shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit,Moorewantstouseherunique_____39_____tohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy’s_____40_____toBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.21.A.pany B.apartment C.grocery D.supermarket22.A.discovery B.addition C.delivery D.invention23.A.hitting B.destroying C.brushing D.polishing24.A.connected B.agreed C.began D.went25.A.asked B.lent C.offered D.taught26.A.reminded B.allowed C.advised D.promised27.A.nose B.teeth C.body D.mouth28.A.getinto B.getin C.getthrough D.getaround29.A.salty B.healthy C.strange D.spicy30.A.inhand B.inword C.insight D.inmind31.A.ordered B.insisted C.remended D.requested32.A.contain B.mean C.bring D.show33.A.presence B.efforts C.persuasion D.permission34.A.assisted B.encouraged C.approached D.expected35.A.Fortunately B.Consequently C.Logically D.Obviously36.A.natural B.tasty C.plex D.normal37.A.gather B.find C.sell D.donate38.A.founded B.introduced C.produced D.created39.A.treasure B.talent C.spirit D.trick40.A.funds B.salary C.fee D.profits【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.C35.B36.A37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】本文一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Moore因为一次偶然的机会，有了制作健康糖果的想法，并且经过不断研究和实验，最终成功了，并且帮助他人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到她13岁的时候，她的公司已经价值数百万美元，因为她发明了一种超级甜食，可以保护孩子的牙齿，而不是损坏它们。A.pany公司；B.apartment公寓；C.grocery杂货店；D.supermarket超市。根据上文“setupherbusinessAilieCandy”可知，她的公司价值数百万美元。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到她13岁的时候，她的公司已经价值数百万美元，因为她发明了一种超级甜食，可以保护孩子的牙齿，而不是损坏它们。A.discovery发现；B.addition添加；C.delivery投递；D.invention发明。根据下文“…makingakindofcandyonlyusing16sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria”可知，Moore发明了一种对牙齿有好处的甜食。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到她13岁的时候，她的公司已经价值数百万美元，因为她发明了一种超级甜食，可以保护孩子的牙齿，而不是损坏它们。A.hitting击打；B.destroying破坏；C.brushing刷牙；D.polishing擦亮。根据“savekids’teeth”可知，这种甜食是保护孩子的牙齿，不会损坏牙齿。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于她和父亲一起去银行，在那里有人给了她一根棒棒糖。A.connected联系；B.agreed同意；C.began开始；D.went走。此处是讲述Moore对于甜食的发明的故事的起源。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于她和父亲一起去银行，在那里有人给了她一根棒棒糖。A.asked要求；B.lent借出；C.offered提供；D.taught教。根据语境可知，此处是别人给了她一根棒棒糖。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿有害。A.reminded提醒；B.allowed允许；C.advised建议；D.promised承诺。根据“sugarytreatswerebadforher7”可知，爸爸是提醒她。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她爸爸提醒她，甜食对她的牙齿有害。A.nose鼻子；B.teeth牙齿；C.body身体；D.mouth嘴。根据生活常识，甜食对小孩的牙齿不好。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她讨厌错过这些糖果，渴望能够有办法避开这种警告。A.getinto进入；B.getin进入，收获；C.getthrough通过，完成；D.getaround有办法应付，解决，避开。根据下文“sothatmyparentscan’tsaynotoit?”可知，父母不让她吃糖果，她想能够避开父母的警告。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：为什么我不能做一种对牙齿有好处的健康的糖果，这样我的父母就不能拒绝它了？A.salty咸的；B.healthy健康的；C.strange奇怪的；D.spicy辣的。根据“that’sgoodformyteeth”可知，她想要制作健康的糖果。故选B项。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：心中有了这个想法之后，Moore问她父亲是否可以开一家自己的糖果公司。A.inhand在手头；B.inword在口头上；C.insight在视线范围中，看得见；D.inmind在脑海中。根据“Whycan’tI…?”可知，这是Moore头脑中的想法。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议她做一些研究，并与牙医讨论更健康的糖果应该包含哪些成分。A.ordered命令；B.insisted坚持；C.remended建议；D.requested请求，要求。根据“Mooreaskedherdadif…”可知，Moore问父亲，父亲就给她提出建议。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议她做一些研究，并与牙医讨论更健康的糖果应该包含哪些成分。A.contain包含；B.mean意味着；C.bring带来；D.show展示。根据下文“getatastyandtoothfriendlyrecipe”中的“recipe”可知，父亲建议她要清楚健康的糖果含有什么成分的。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她父亲的允许下，她花了两年的时间进行研究和试验，以得到一种美味且对牙齿有益的配方。A.presence存在；B.efforts努力；C.persuasion劝说；D.permission允许。按常理，Moore是十几岁的孩子，要开公司应该需要父亲的允许。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还与牙医接洽，了解更多牙齿清洁的知识。A.assisted帮助；B.encouraged鼓励；C.approached与……接洽；D.expected期待。根据上文父亲建议她“talktodentists”可知，Moore与牙医接触，了解更多的知识。故选C项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，她成功地制作了一种糖果，只用天然甜味剂，能减少口腔细菌。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Consequently因此，结果；C.Logically逻辑上；D.Obviously显然地。根据语境可知，经过Moore的不断研究和实验，她最终成功了。故选B项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，她成功地制作了一种糖果，只用天然甜味剂，能减少口腔细菌。A.natural自然的；B.tasty美味的；C.plex复杂的；D.normal正常的。Moore研制的糖果健康，不会损坏牙齿，应该是用纯天然的配方制成的。故选A项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Moore用她的积蓄开始了她的生意，并成功地把她的产品——罐头糖果卖给了超市老板。A.gather聚集；B.find寻找；C.sell出售；D.donate捐赠。根据“getherbusinessofftheground”可知，Moore开始做生意，出售自己制作的健康糖果。故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Moore很早就创立了自己的公司，她的主要动机不是利润。A.founded创立；B.introduced介绍；C.produced生产；D.created创造。根据上文“setupherbusinessAilieCandy”可知，Moore创立了自己的公司。故选A项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望利用自己独特的才能帮助他人找到微笑。A.treasure珍宝；B.talent才能；C.spirit精神；D.trick花招，把戏。根据下文“Withhertalentanddetermination”可知，Moore用自己的才能帮助他人。故选B项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将AilieCandy的10%的利润捐给了Big

Smiles。A.funds资金；B.salary工资；C.fee费用；D.profits利润。根据上文“shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit”可知，Moore并不是为利益而驱使，她将公司挣的利润捐给了慈善机构BigSmiles以帮助他人。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。IntheyearoftheliberationofnewChina,ZhongNanshan____41____（admit）tothesecondaryschool.Thisisaprivateschoolwhoseformerhasanicename,___42___(call)"Gezhiacademy",whichmayhavesomethingtodowithWangYangming.Twoyearslater,themiddleschoolwasunitedintoagroupschool,nowattached___43___SouthChinaNormalUniversity.ZhongNanshan'shighschoolisalsohere.Thisschoolis____44____(extreme)good,withalargenumberofacademicians（院士）likeZhongNanshanonce___45___(study)here.Besides,somegreatfigures,includingXianXinghai,afamousmusician,andChenJingkai,thefirstweightliftertobreaktheworldrecordinNewChina,___46___(be)studentsoftheschool.Here,ZhongNanshanshowshisoutstandingtalentforlearning,anditwashissportstalent____47____isadvancingbyleapsandbounds.Attheschoolsports___48___(pete)in1954,hewonthefourthplaceintheschool.In1955hewassent____49____(attend)thetrackandfieldeventsofGuangdongProvince,winningthesecondplaceof400mintheprovince,andevenbreakingtherecordoftheprovince.Later,onbehalfofGuangdongProvince,ZhongNanshan,___50___enteredthenationaltrackandfieldgameswonthethirdplaceinthecountry.【答案】41.wasadmitted42.called43.to44.extremely45.studying46.were47.that48.petition49.toattend50.who【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了钟南山就读的学校和钟南山的体育特长。【41题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：钟南山被这所中学录取了。根据上文的IntheyearoftheliberationofnewChina，可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。本句主语是ZhongNanshan，谓语动词是admit，主谓之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasadmitted。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：这是一所私立学校，以前有个好听的名字，叫“格致书院”，可能和王阳明有关。此处用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词school，故填called。【43题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：两年后，这所中学合并为一所集校，现在附属于华南师范大学。attachto表示“附属于”，是固定搭配，故填to。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：这个学校非常好。此处用副词修饰形容词good，故填extremely。【45题详解】考查现在分词。句意：这个学校非常好，有很多像钟南山这样的院士在这里学习。此处考查with的复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，此处宾语是academicians，academicians和study之间是主动关系，需要用动词的现在分词形式，故填studying。【46题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些伟大的人物，包括著名的音乐家冼星海和新中国第一个打破世界纪录的举重运动员陈静凯，都是该校的学生。本句的主语是somegreatfigures，所以谓语动词be需要用复数形式，描述发生在过去的事情，需要用一般过去时，故填were。【47题详解】考查强调句。句意：钟南山在学习上表现出突出的才能，而他突飞猛进的正是体育才能。本句是强调句，被强调的部分是hissportstalent，强调句的基本结构是：itis/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that。这里被强调的部分是物，用that。故填that。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：在1954年的学校体育比赛中，他获得了学校第四名。该空作介词At的宾语，用名词，此处是名词短语sportspetition，表示体育比赛，特指“1954年的学校体育比赛”，用名词单数，故填petition。【49题详解】考查不定式。句意：1955年，他被派去参加广东省田径比赛。besenttodosth表示被派去做某事，此处不定式表示目的，故填toattend。【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意：参加全国田径比赛的钟南山获得全国第三名。分析句子结构，10enteredthenationaltrackandfieldgames是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ZhongNanshan，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用who引导该从句，故填who。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。TheMiddleAutumnFestivalisoneoftraditionalChinesefestivalstobeholdinSeptemberorOctober.Duringthefestival,familymembersgetunitedbuthavemooncakestogether.Therearevariouskindsofit,suchasbeanpaste,eggyolkormeats.Theshapeofamooncakeisroundasitsymbolizeabigmoon.Inadditionto,intheeveningoftheday,peoplegettogether,eatendeliciousmooncakes.Often,theyalsoappreciatethebeautifulmoonwhathangsinthedarksky.Toconclude,theMiddleAutumnFestivalisaverynicelyfestivalforChinesepeople.【答案】1.traditional前面加the2.hold→held3.but→and4.it→them5.meats→meat6.symbolize→symbolizes7.inadditionto的to去掉8.eaten→eating9.what→which/that10.nicely→nice【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了中秋节的习俗。【51题详解】考查冠词。句意：中秋节是中国的传统节日之一，通常在九月或十月举行。此处特指中秋节，需要用定冠词the修饰，故在traditional前面加the。【52题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：中秋节是中国的传统节日之一，通常在九月或十月举行。hinesefestivals与hold在逻辑上是被动关系，可知此处是不定式的被动语态，所以hold需要用过去分词形式held，故将hold改为held。【53题详解】考查连词。句意：在节日期间，家人们聚集在一起，一起吃月饼。前文的聚集在一起和后文的吃月饼之间是并列关系，不是转折，所以用and连接，故将but改为and。【54题详解】考查代词。句意：有各种各样的，如豆沙，蛋黄或肉。此处表示月饼有各