大学英语四级考试模拟试题

大学英语四级考试模拟试题ModelTestFivePartⅠListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.Choosethecorrectanswer---A,B,CorD,andthen,markyouranswerbywritingthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.SectionA(C)11.A)Hewillonlybeavailableintheafternoon.B)It’snothisofficehour.C)Hedoesn’thavetime.D)Heistootiredafterclass.(A)12.A)Thewomaninsistsongoingout.B)Thewomandoesn’tlikewatchingTV.C)Themanpromisedheragiftonherbirthday.D)Themanistootiredtogoout.(B)13.A)Therearetoomanycoursesofferedtostudents.B)Thewomanshouldtakefewercoursesnextterm.C)Themanwilltakefourcoursesnextsemester.D)Itiswisertotakemorethanfourcourses.(B)14.A)Inanairplane.B)Inahotel.C)Inarestaurant.D)Inastore.(D)15.A)Janeislookingforasummerjob.B)Janeispackingforthesummervacation.C)Janeisonherwayhome.D)Janeiseagertogohomeforthevacation.(D)16.A)Itdoesn’twork.B)Itonlyworkstemporarily.C)It’sreallyeffective.D)Ithasharmfulsideeffects.(D)17.A)Wenttothestation.B)Sawhisbrotheroff.C)Visitedhisbrother.D)Stayedathome.(A)18.A)ShecantellJoanwhensheseesheratnoon.B)SheshouldtellJoan’sbrotheraboutthereception.C)ShemustcallonJoanafterthereception.D)ShemayseeJoan’sbrotheratlunch.(A)19.A)Collegeteachers.B)Maintenanceworkers.C)Students’parents.D)Laboratorysupervisors.(A)20.A)Onehoureachdayonly.B)Threeandahalfhoursonly.C)Asmuchtimeasnecessary.D)Enoughtimetodoassignments.(D)21.A)Themachinehasn’tbeenyetbeenrepaired.B)Thestudentsforgettoreservetheirterminals.C)Thesupervisorwon’tobservetheregulations.D)Thestudentsstayattheterminaltoolong.(C)22.A)Invitethelabsupervisortoattendclass.B)Repairthelaboratoryinanewway.C)Prepareanoticetogiveoutinclass.D)Addmoreterminalstothelaboratory.(A)23.A)Art.B)French.C)Chemistry.D)German.(C)24.A)Doingsomephotographyandtravel.B)Goingtoconcertsquitefrequently.C)Playingtraditionaljazzandfolkmusic.D)Goingtothetheatrenowandthen.(A)25.A)Experienceathoroughtraining.B)Getoffthetraineeschedule.C)Knowhowtoworkwithpeople.D)Knowaboutallaspectsofthework.SectionBPassage1(D)26.A)90.B)108.C)180.D)668.(A)27.A)England’sFootballeroftheyear.B)AsoccercoachinWestGermany.C)Wildcelebrationsofgoals.D)AmemberoftheOrderoftheBritishEmpire.(D)28.A)EditingSundaySport.B)WorkingforCapitalRadio.C)Managingprofessionalsoccerteams.D)Developingasportsmarketingcompany.Passage2(C)29.A)BecausehewasafamousEnglishwriter.B)Becauseheenjoyedwalkingalongthestreet.C)Becausehehadagoodmemory.D)Becausehewasproudofhisownability.(C)30.A)Fortheyarenothard-working.B)Fortheyaredon’thavegoodmemories.C)Fortheyhaven’tenoughtimeforit.D)Fortheyarebusywiththeirownlanguage.(B)31.A)Mindtakesclearerphotosofwhatwesee.pollution.Thisinnovationiscalledhybridcars.ThesecarsareavailableintheUStodayfrom2or3manufacturersandmanymoreareontheway.WhatAreHybridCars?Avehicleisahybridifithasmorethanonesourceofpower.Wehavehybridvehiclesallaroundussuchasdiesel-electrictrains,diesel-electricbuses,andnuclear-electricsubmarines.MaybesomeofyouremembertheMo-Ped,amodifiedbicyclethatusedacombinationofagasolineengineandmusclepowerofitsrider.Inasimilarmanner,thegasoline-electrichybridcarisacombinationofgasoline-poweredcarandanelectriccar.WhatIsReasonforDevelopingSuchaComplicatedCar?Therearetwomajorreasons:1)Toreducetailpipeemissionsand2)Toincreaseaveragegasmileage.Thesetwogoalsinteractwitheachothersothattheoverallperformanceofthehybridcarenhancesbothofthem,today’shybridsprovidegasefficiencyof40to60miles/gallon.Thehybridshavereducedemissionstoapproximately10%oftheJapanesestandardsoraboutequaltotheCaliforniastandards,whicharethemostrestrictiveintheUS.HowDoHybridCarWork?Therearetwotypesofhybridcars.Oneisknownastheparallelhybridandtheotherisknownasaserieshybrid.Bothtypesusethesamecomponents,whichare:SmallGasolineEngineFuelTankElectricMotorGenerator(usedmostlyintheserieshybrid)BatteriesTransmissionIntheparallelhybrid,thefueltanksuppliesgasolinetoengineandbatteriessupplypowertotheelectricalmotor.Boththeengineandtheelectricmotorcanturnthetransmissionatthesametime,andthetransmissionturnsthewheels.Anonboardcomputercontrolsthesystemsothatthemaximumefficiencyisobtained.Inaserieshybrid,thegasolineengineturnsagenerator,whicheitherchargesthebatteriesorpowersanelectricmotorthatdrivesthetransmission.Thegasolineengineneverpowersthevehicledirectly.HowDoTheseCombinationsMeettheDesiredGoals?Thekeytohybridcarperformanceisthatthegasolineenginecanbemuchsmallerthantheengineinaconventionalhighhorsepowercar.Buthowcanthisbewhenyouwillbecompetingonthehighwaywithmuchmorepowerfulautosontheroad?Theansweristhataconventionalenginemustsupplypowerforalldrivingconditions.Theengineneedstobepowerfulenoughtoaccelerateontoafreewayanduphills,butittouseonlyasmallpercentageofitspowerathighwayspeeds.Inahybrid,thegasolineengineprovidesthepowerathigherhighwayspeedsandthebattery-electricmotorcombinationprovidesthepowerforcitydrivingandforaccelerationneeds.Withthiscombination,eachpowersourceworksatitsoptimallevel.Someothertricksthehybridcarusestogetmoreefficiencyareasfollows:Thesystemreturnsenergytothebatterywhenitdecelerates.Whenyoupushonthebrakes,theelectricmotoractsasageneratorandrechargesthebattery.Thisenergyislostinaconventionalcar.Thehybridcanshutoffthegasolinemotorwhenitisnotneeded.Thisisveryimportantwhenyouaredoingstopandgodrivinginthecityandyouhavetostopalot(gasolineisnotwastedbyrunningtheengineatidlewhilethecarwaitsatatrafficlight.)Hybridcarsaredesignedwiththelatestaerodynamics.Thisreducesthedragathigherhighwayspeeds.Hybriduselow-rollingresistanttires.Thesearestifferandinflatedtoahigherpressureandcauseabouthalfthedragofconventionaltires.Therideisalittlerougherbutthegassavingcanbehuge.Hybridalsouseverylightweightmaterials.Thisreducestheoverallweightofthecarandthemileageisincreased.Theabovedesignswillprovideaveryusefulandcomfortableautothatalsogivesyouamaximumofgasmileage.Hybridsaresomewhatscarcerightnow(about3%ofthecarssoldintheUS)butshouldbeplentifulfornextyear’smodels(2005).Theabovedescriptionofhybridcarsismeanttobeonlyanintroductiontothisnewtechnology.Ifyouareinterestedingettingoneofthesemarvelouscarsinthefuture,youshouldstartyourinvestigationnow.Takeatestdriveinsomeoftheavailablehybridcars,youwillfindsomesurprises.Oneisthatthecarsareextremelyquiet,theyhaveadditionalinsulationinordertodecreasetheneedforairconditioningandheating(thepurposeistosaveenergybuttheresultingquietnessisaverynicebenefit).Asecondisthatthesecarsareverypeppy,unlikeearlyautomobilesdesignedforenergyconservation.Theadvantagesanddisadvantageswillvarywitheachmanufacturer,typeandmodelofthehybrid.Itwilltakealotoftimetolookatallthevariousmodelsbutitwillbewellworthitforyourfuturedrivingpleasure.(N)Thereisenoughfossilfuelintheworld,butitwillbedifficulttofindandtoextractitfromtheground.(Y)IntheUStoday,alotofmanufacturersaretryingtoproducehybridcarsinordertoreducetheseenergyneedsandtodecreasepollution.(Y)Mo-Pedisonekindofhybridvehicle.(NG)Thereareothertypesofhybridwhichusedifferentcomponents.(N)Inbothtypes,thegasolineenginecanworktodrivethetransmission.(NG)Themostimportantadvantageofhybridcaristhatitsgasolineenginecanbemuchsmallerthantheengineinaconventionalhighhorsepowercar.(Y)Thegasolineengineandthebattery-electricmotorinahybridworktogethertoprovidethepowerforcitydrivingandforaccelerationneeds.Hybridalsouselightmaterialstoreduce_________ofthecar.(theoverallweight)Theabovedesignscanmakeaveryusefulandcomfortablecarwhichcanalsogiveyou_________.(amaximumofgasmileage)Ifyouwanttogetonehybridcarinthefuture,youshould_________.(startyourinvestigationnow)PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionATheimpactofthefrontierhasbeentraditionallyassumedbyhistorians,whohavestudiedits1(H)onmountainmenandcowboys,ondifferentpoliticalandsocialinstitutions.Yettheimpactofthefrontieronthemostcommondimensionoflifeuponthefamilyremainslargely2(C).Althoughfamilyhasbeen3(L)significantinthehistoricalprocess,itisrelativelyanewareaofhistoricalresearch.Intermsofwestwardmigration,familyplayedaspecialrole.Forpeoplewho4(I)thechurchasmuchasthestate,familywastheonlyinstitutionthatcouldbeentrustedwiththeenterpriseofsettlingthecontinent.AChristianfamilywasenoughofthechurch;aChristainfamilywas5(E)expressionofpoliticalandsocialorder.In1862,Congressprovidedforthe6(O)oflandstoheadsofhouseholdsinalaw,butthatlawmerelyrecognizesthatsettlementhadbeenthebusinessoffamiliessincetheseventeenthcentury.Familiestookupthechallengeofthewesternlandsinavarietyofways.Somefamiliesmovedwestinloosely7(G)groupsmadeupoffamiliesinsimilardirections.Theydrewupconstitutionsandelectedleadersandgenerallyappliedthedemocraticprocesstothejourneywest.Thegovernment,foritspart,8(A)littlehelp—nomapsortransportation,notoolsoragriculturalinformation,nomedicalservicesandlittleprotection.Beyondthewestward-runningriverstherewasnoroaduntilwagonsleftdeep9(D)onthegroundsothatonecouldseeatrail—oruntilenoughwagonsbecamelostanddoubledbacktowarnothersagainsttheirmistakes.Nonetheless,theattractionof“freeland”wasirresistible.Onedayoranother,inawagontrainorallalone,afamilypackedits10(N)andlivestockandsetofftowardthenext“empty”videdusuallyunexaminedtrackssufficientbendorganizedeffectsmistrustedfarmingbargainespeciallyconsiderablebelongingsdistributionSectionBPassageOneInthepast,itwasbelievedthatdepressionwasmoreprevalentamongthepoorerandlesseducatedpeople,butthatisnotthecase.Thetruthis,depressioncanafflictpeoplefromallwalksoflife,andoftenithitsthemostambitious,creativeandconscientious.Itisfallacioustothinkthatpeopleonthecorporaterungofthesocialladderarenotprone(易于)tothismalady(疾病).Infact,executivesandprofessionalswhoareburdenedwithmountingpressuresintheirworkmaysuccumbtoallthesepressuresandbecomedepressed.ThesuicideofVincentFoster,Jr.,anotedAmericanlawyerandWhiteHouseofficialisacaseinpoint.Despitetheglamourofhisposition,whichmanypeoplethoughtenviable,thefeltoverburdenedwithpressuresanddecidedtotaketheeasywayout.Studiesshowthatpeoplebornlaterinthiscenturyhaveexperiencedmuchmoredepressionthanthosebornearlier.Infacttherateofdepressionoverthelasttwogenerationshasincreasedtenfold.Expertstheorizethatitcouldbeduetothefactthattheyoungergenerationshavehigherexpectationsfromlifeandarethereforemorelikelytosufferfromfailure,disappointmentandhence,depression.Depressioniseasilyrecognizable.Thedepressedpersonfeelssadordowninthedumps,andlosesinterestineventhemostpleasurableactivities.Moreover,hesuffersfromeithersignificantgainorlossofweight,sleeplessnessoroversleeping,sluggishmovementandthinking,fatigue,feelingsofguiltandworthlessness,impairedconcentrationandforgetfulness,andinextremecases,theafflictedpersonmayhavesuicidaltendencies.Itisoftenbelievedthatdepressionrunsinthefamily,butthisisnotconclusivelyso,sincetherearecaseswheredepressedpersonsdonothaveahistoryofdepressionintheirfamilies.Depressionisoftenwork-relatedalthoughattimesithasitsrootsinfamilyrelations.Peoplewhosufferfromdepressionneednotstayinthecloset,sinceitisnotasinorashametobedepressed.Apromptvisittoapsychologistmeansprompttreatmentandhencepromptrecovery.Expertsguaranteethatdepressioniseasilytreatable,andinnip-in-the-budcases,thepatientfullyrecoversinafewdays,thankstothevarietyofeffectivetreatmentavailable.(C)Accordingtotheauthor,depression_______.affectsthepoorandlesseducatedpeoplemorethantherichandsuccessfulonesseldomattacksexecutivesisnotlimitedtoanyparticularclassofpeopleiscausedbyone’sambition(A)Studiesshoedepression________.ismorecommontodaythaninthepastdecadeswasmorecommonintheoldgenerationsincreasedtentimesinthedaysofourparentsandgrandparentsafflictsonlyyoungpeople(D)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?Veryhighexpectationsfortheindividualmakehimmorepronetodepression.Adepressedpersonfeelssadanddejected.Peopleneednotattempttohidetheirdepressionbecauseit’snotashamefulthing.Depressionishereditary.(B)Depressioncanbeeasilycured________.ifthepatientisyoungattheearlystageofthediseasewhenplantsareinbudifthepatientgoestoseeapsychologist(B)Thepassageismainlya________.descriptionofthesymptomsofdepressionbriefintroductionofdepressionsummaryofthecausesofdepressionlistoftreatmentofdepressionPassageTwoTeachersalwaysplandowntotheminutewhattheirstudentswillbedoing.Thisisgoodforkids,becauseitteachesthemtostayontaskandfollowaschedule.Butmosthomesaren’trunthisway.Ifparentsdoplantheirchildren’slivesminutebyminute,whathappenswhenthatchildgrowsupandgoestocollege?Atsomepoint,kidsneedtolearntomanagetheirowntime.Thiscanbeoneofthevaluableskillsyouhelpyourkidsdevelopoutsideofschool.Butitgenerallywon’thappenallbyitself,becausethere’sabigtransitionthathappenswhenkidsleavethestructuredschoolenvironmentandcomehome.Ifyouhavekidstayaloneathome,thinkhardabouttryingtofindanadultwhocanbethereandprovidethesupportyourchildneeds.Ifasupportiveadultisn’tavailable,anexpertnamedMartinrecommendsyoufindanafter-schoolprogramledbyexperiencedprofessionalswhowillengagethemincreativeactivities,nourishthemwithhealthysnacks,andassistthemwiththeirschoolwork.Ifyouareathomeonthecontrary,totakesomebreakaftertheguysgetstartedondiversions,becauseit’shardtostopanddosomethinglikehomework.“Ifthatlittlebitofdowntimeistelevision,goodluck…gettingthemtodotheirhomework.”saysaprofessorofchilddevelopmentatCaliforniaStateUniversity,“TVisaddictive.”Abetterwaytohelpyourchildunwindiswithahealthysnack.“Waituntildinner,makeaplatefullofenergizingfood.YoucouldevendishuppartofthedinneryouWhileyou’resharingasnack,youcanmakealistofwhatyourkidswillgettododuringtheirstudybreaks.Thetypesofbreaksrecommendedincludeshootingbaskets,gettingadrink,usingthebathroom,orevenplayingaquickcardgamewithparents.Yourkidscanbetheonestodecidewhichbreaksthey’dliketotake.But,asFreimuthsays,yourchildrenwillhavetobehonestaboutwhatkindofbreakwillenergizethemandnotupsettheirmomentum.(A)Themainpurposeofthispassageis_______.toprovidesomeadvicefortheparentsaboutchildren’seducationtoexplainhowtoprepareaprettysnackforyourchildrentoexplainwhytheparentsspoiltheirchildrentodescribechildren’slivesafterschool(B)Thewords“thisway”inthesentence“Butmosthomesaren’trunthisway”inthefirstparagraphmostpossiblymeans_______.tostayonthetasktoarrangeeverythingindetailstogivesomelessonstochildrentobehaveinthestructuredschool(C)Accordingtothepassage,theexpertnamedMartinmostprobablytakesupthefollowingjobsEXCEPT_______.aspecialistinchildreneducationaprofessionalconsultantinaafter-schoolprogramtheleaderofaresearchgroupaboutsports,suchasbasketballmostlythesameaswhatFreimuthdoes(D)Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,theappropriatesnacksthattheparentsprovidewill_______.upsetthechildren’smomentumexhaustthembylotsofdirtydishesmakethechildrengetaddictedtoTVbringmoreenergytochildren(C)WhichofthefollowingisNOTrecommendedforthebreakduringthechildren’sstudyafterclass?Shootbaskets.Playsomegameswithparents.Goouttodrinksomebeverageinabarforalongtime.Relaxabitbyusingthebathroom.PartⅤCloze(15minutes)Mostparents,Isuppose,havehadtheexperienceofreadingabedtimestorytotheirchildren.Andtheymusthave1howdifficultitistowritea2children’sbook.Eithertheauthorhasaimedtoo3,sothatthechildrencan’tfollowwhatisinhis(ormoreoften,her)thestory,4thestoryseemstobetalkingtothereaders.Thebestchildren’sbooksare5verydifficultnorverysimple,andsatisfyboththe6whohearsthestoryandtheadultwho7it.Unfortunately,thereareinfact8bookslikethis,9theproblemoffindingtherightbedtimestoryisnot10tosolve.Thismaybewhymanyofbooksregardedas11ofchildren’sliteraturewereinfactwrittenfor12.“Alice’sAdventureinWonderland”isperhapsthemost13o