中考英语时态语义辨析

汇报人：XX2024-02-03中考英语时态语义辨析目录PresenttenseandpresentcontinuoustenseSimplepasttenseandpastcontinuoustenseAnalysisofFutureTenseCompletetenseanalysisPassivevoiceandmodalverbs01Presenttenseandpresentcontinuoustense

TheConceptandUsageofthePresentTenseThepresenttenseisusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnowItcanalsobeusedtoexpressuniversaltruths,hats,orgeneralfactsThepresenttenseoftenappearswithtimeadvertisementssuchas"always,""commonly,""often,"etcItoftenappearswithtimeadvertisementssuchas"now,""atthemoment,""currently,"etcThepresentcontinuoustensecanalsobeusedtoexpressfuturearrangementsorplansThepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressactionsorstatesthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeakingTheConceptandUsageofPresentContinuousTenseThepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustensebothexpressactionsorstatesappearinginthepresent,buttheyhavedifferentfocusesInsomecases,thetwotensionscanbeusedinterchangeably,buttherearealsocaseswhereonetensionismoreappropriatethantheotherThepresenttensefocusesonthegeneralorbiologicalaspectoftheaction,whilethepresentcontinuoustensefocusesonthementalorongingaspectComparisonandConversionoftheTwoAcommonmisconceptionisthatthepresenttensecanonlybeusedtoexpressactionshappeningnowInfact,itcanalsobeusedtoexpresshats,generalfacts,oruniversaltruthsAnothermisconceptionisthatthepresentcontinuoustensecanonlybeusedwithactionverbsInfact,itcanalsobeusedwithstateverbstoexpresstemporarystatesoremotionsWhenusingthepresenttenseandpresentcontinuoustense,itisimportanttopayattentiontothecontextandchoosetheappropriatetenseaccordingtothemeaningyouwanttoexpressCommonmisconceptionsandprecautions02SimplepasttenseandpastcontinuoustenseConceptThesimplepasttense,alsoknownasthepremise,isaverbtensethatexpressesactionsorstatesthatoccurredinthepastandhavebeencompletedUsageItistypicallyusedtodescribeeventsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast,suchasyesterday,lastweek,orwhenthespeakerwasachildExample"Iwenttotheparkyesterday."TheconceptandusageofthesimplepasttenseConcept01Thepastcontinuoustense,alsocalledthepastprogressive,referringtoactionsoreventsthatwereinprogressataspecifictimeinthepastUsage02ItisusedtodescribeongingactionsorsituationsthatwereinterruptedorincludedwithanothereventinthepastExample03"Iwasstudyingwhenthephonerang."TheconceptandusageofthepastcontinuoustenseSimilaritiesBothtensionsareusedtodescribepasteventsoractionsDifferencesThesimplepasttensefocusesoncompletedactions,whilethepastcontinuoustenseemphasizesongingactionsthatwereinterruptedoroccurredsimultaneouslywithanothereventConversionToconvertfromthesimplepasttothepastcontinuous,use"was/were+presentparticle"insteadofthepasttenseverbForexample,"Iwaseating"insteadof"Iate."ComparisonandConversionoftheTwoMisconception:Somestudentsmayfusethesimplepastandpastcontinuoustensions,usingtheminterchangeablyPrecaution:ItisimportanttounderstandthedifferencebetweenthetwotensionsandtousethemcorrectlyaccordingtothecontextPracticewithexamplesensesandexercisescanhelpclarifyanyfusionAdditionally,payattentiontotheuseofspecifictimeexpressionsthattypicallyoccurwitheachtense,astheycanprovideclubsforcorrectusageCommonmisconceptionsandprecautions03AnalysisofFutureTenseTypesandusageoffuturetensesItindicatesthatanactionwillbecompletedbeforeanotheractioninthefutureThestructureis"willhave+pastparticle."FuturePerfecttenseItisusedtoexpressactionsoreventsthatwilloccurinthefuture,butwithtimeadvisorssuchas"tomorrow,""nextweek,"etc.Thebasicstructureis"will+verb."SimpleFuturetenseItdescribesactionsoreventsthatwillbeinprogressatacertaintimeinthefutureThestructureis"willbe+presentparticle."FutureContinuoustenseSimpleFuturevs.FutureContinuousSimpleFuturefocusesonthecompletionofanactioninthefuture,whileFutureContinuousemphasizestheprogressordurationofanactionFuturePerfectvs.FutureContinuousFuturePerfectisusedwhenwewanttoexpressthecompletionofanactionbeforeanotheractioninthefuture,whileFutureContinuousdescribesanactionthatwillbeongoingataspecifictimeComparisonbetweendifferentfuturetensesCombiningfuturetensionswithothertensionsWecanusethepresenttensetoexpressfactsorgeneraltruthsthatwillnotchangeinthefutureForexample,"Iwillgototheparktomorrow,butIknowitwillbeclosed."FuturetensewithpresenttenseSometimeswemayusethepasttensetorefertoimagingsituationsorthematicconditionsinthefutureForexample,"IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld."FuturetensewithpasttenseMissing"will"and"goingto"Althoughbothcanexpressfutureactionsorevents,theyhavedifferentusesandannotations"Will"ismoresportineousandunexpected,while"goingto"impliesintentionorplanningOverusingfuturetenseItisnotnecessarytousefuturetenseallthetimewhentalkingaboutthefutureSometimesusingthepresenttenseorothertensecanmakethepresencemorenaturalandfluentConfusingfutureperfectwithsimplefutureFutureperfectexpressesthecompletionofanactionbeforeanyotheractioninthefuture,whilesimplefuturejustfocusesonthecompletionofanactionwithoutspecifyingthetimerelationshipwithotheractionsCommonmisconceptionsandprecautions04CompletetenseanalysisPresentperfecttenseUsedtoexpressanactionthatoccurredinthepastandhasaconnectiontothepresentationCommonlyusedwithwordslike"already,""just,"and"yet."PastperfecttenseExpressionsanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastactionAfterusedwithwordslike"before"or"bythetime."FutureperfecttenseIndicatorsanactionthatwillbecompletedbyacertaintimeinthefutureTypicallyusedwithphrasessuchas"willhavedone"or"bytheendof."TypesandusageofperfecttensionsDifferencesinmeaningEachperfecttenseconveysadistinctmeaningrelatedtothetimingoftheactioninrelationtoanotherpointintimeUsageindifferentcontextsThechoiceofwhichperfecttensetousedependsonthespecificcontextandtheintendedmeaningCommonmissesStudentsoftenfusethedifferentperfecttensions,leadingtoincorrectusageandmisunderstandings010203ComparisonbetweendifferentperfecttensionsMixingtensionswithinasenseItisimportanttomaintainconsistencywhencombiningdifferenttensionswithinasensetoavoidfusionUsingtheperfecttensewithotherverbformsTheperfecttensecanbecombinedwithotherverbformstoexpresscomplexideasandrelationshipsbetweenactionsExamplesofeffectivecombinationsTherearenumericalexamplesofeffectivecombinationsoftheperfecttensewithothertensionsthatenhancetheclarityandimpactofthesentimentCombiningtheperfecttensewithothertensionsMisunderstandingofthemeaningofeachperfecttense:ItisessentialtounderstandthedistinctmeaningsofeachperfecttensetoavoidmisuseOverusingthepresentperfecttense:ThepresentperfecttenseisoftenoverusedbystudentswhoarenotsureofwhentousethesimplepasttenseinstrumentNeglectingthepastperfecttense:Thepastperfecttenseissometimesoverlookedduetoitscomplexityandperceivedrarityindailyconversation;However,itiscrucialforexpressingcancerideasaccuratelyFailingtomaintaintenseconsistency:InconsistenttenseusagewithinatextcanleadtofusionandweakenthecohesionofthenarrativeorargumentCommonmisconceptionsandprecautions05PassivevoiceandmodalverbsPassivevoiceisoftenusedinformalwritingandinsituationswheretheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunimportantPassivevoicedefinestherelationshipbetweenthesubjectandtheaction:itindicatesthatthesubjectistherecipientoftheactionratethantheperformerPassivevoiceisformedbyusingtheappropriateformoftheverb"tobe"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbTheconceptandusageofpassivevoiceModalverbs,suchas"can,""may,""must,"etc.,canbeusedinpassivevoicetoexpresslikelihood,permission,necessity,etcThemodalverbisplacedbeforetheverb"tobe"inthepassivevoiceconstructionModalverbsinpassivevoicehelptosoftthetoneofapresenceandmakeitmorepoliticalorobjectiveTheapplicationofmodalverbsinpassivevoicePassivevoicecanbecombinedwithdifferenttensionstoexpressactionsthathappenedinthepast,arehappeningnow,orwillhappeninthe