译林版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 Back to school 单词词性变化及拓展短语清单素材

B1Unit1Backtoschoolpotentialn.潜力；可能性 havethepotentialtodosth.有做某事的潜力fulfill/achieve/realizeyourpotential发挥你的潜力 adj.潜在的，可能的 potentialproblem/danger潜在的/危险senioradj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的→反：junioradj. seniorhigh=seniorhighschool→反：juniorhighschool初级中学 beseniortosb.比某人级别高；比某人年长→反：bejuniorto比…级别低；比…小n.级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员pathn.道路；小路；成功的途径challengen．&vt.挑战；质疑→challengingadj.挑战性的；挑起争论的→challengern.挑战者thechallengeofdoingsth做某事的挑战 accept/faceachallenge接受挑战vt.challengesb.to(do)sth.向某人挑战(做)某事challengemetoagameofchess=challengemetoplayagameofchessthinkingn.思维，思想；想法→thinkv.thinkhighlyof高度评价positiveadj.积极乐观的→positivelyadv.肯定地；明确地；断然地→反：negativeadj.消极的；有害的haveapositive/negativeattitudetowards/to…对…持积极/消极态度haveapositive/negativeeffecton对…有积极/消极影响opportunityn.机会，时机havetheopportunitytodosth.做某事的机会take/seizetheopportunity把握住/抓住机会做某事chance/ability/waytodo常接不定式做定语的名词liein存在于，在于；位于=belocatedin...=besituatedin...过去式过去分词现在分词lie躺；位于laylainlyinglie说谎liedliedlyinglay产卵；放置laidlaidlayingriseto能够处理risetothechallenge→rose-risen-risingrisetoone’sfeet站起来acquirevt.获得；得到→acquisitionn.获得；习得 acquireagoodknowledgeof…精通……知识acquire/gainknowledge获得知识effortn.努力，费力的事；试图→反：effortlessadj.不费力气的；应付自如的maketodosth.(尽一切)努力做某事=puteffortintodoingsth.sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事 with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地 throughone’seffort通过某人的努力 advancen.进步，进展；前进，行进vt.&vi.发展，进步；提出→advancedadj.高级的；先进的makeanadvance(s)in…(在……方面)取得进步，进展 inadvance(=aheadoftime)预先，提前 inadvanceof…比…进步，在…前面，超过Hetookthenewjobtoadvancehiscareer.amazingadj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的anamazingchange→amazevt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazedadj.惊奇的；惊讶的 beamazedatsth.对某事感到惊讶 beamazedtodosth.因做某事而感到惊讶→amazementn.惊讶，吃惊；惊异 inamazement惊奇地 toone'samazement/surprise令某人惊讶的是confidencen．信心，信任；把握→confidentadj.自信的→confidentlyadv.自信地have/show(lack)confidencein....对...有信心beconfidentabout/of...对某事有把握withconfidence自信的makeadifference起作用;有影响 makeabig/nodifferenceto(prep)对…有很大的/没有影响/作用tellthedifference辨别差异(betweenAandB)→differvi不同于 differfrom=bedifferentfrom与...不同 differin=bedifferentin在…方面不同makethemostof充分利用，尽情享受=makefulluseof=makethebestofresourcen.资源；资料；谋略naturalresourcestakeadvantageof利用→advantagen.优势→反：disadvantagehaveanadvantageover…占优势，胜过，优于facilityn.设施，设备；场所，常用复数publicfacilities公共设施equaladj.相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的beequaltosb/sth等于；胜任(做)某事→equalityn.相等；平等→equallyadv.相等地；平等地；同样地n.同等的人(物)withoutequal＝havenoequal无与伦比linkingv．与……相等vt.比得上attituden.态度，看法apositive/negativeattitudetowards/to(prep)积极的/消极的态度阅读中(indifferent,supportive,opposed,neutral0goaln.目标=aim/target;球门v.进球得分setagoal制订目标 balancen.均衡，平衡；平衡能力 keep/loseone'sbalance保持/失去平衡 keepabalancebetweenAandB保持A和B的平衡vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要balanceAwith/andB使A和B平衡balanceAagainstB权衡AB→balancedadj.平衡的,均衡的keepabalanceddiet→imbalancen.不平衡improvevt.&vi.改进，改善→improvementn.改善，改进；提高a(big)improvementin在……方面的(巨大)改善lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的是well-roundedadj.全面发展的；面面俱到的individualn.个人adj.单独的，个别的→individuallycharactern.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字→characterizev.是…的特征，使…具有特点；描述→characteristicadj.典型的，特有的；n.特征，特点responsibleadj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibilityn.责任；义务→responsiblyadv.负责地，可信赖地beresponsiblefor...对……负责 shoulder/takeresponsibilityfor对……有责任 Itisone'sresponsibilitytodo..做……是某人的责任asenseofresponsibility责任感aheadadv.(时间、空间)向前；提前aheadof比…提前aheadoftime提早，提前=inadvancejunioradj.（学校）为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位（或级别）低的；青少年的n.职位较低者；青少年运动员freshman→sophomore→junior→seniorforwardadv.向将来；向前；进展，前进lookforwardto盼望；期待(to是介词)＋n./pron./do