形容词副词 讲义 2022届高考英语语法 教师版

PAGE12022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（形容词副词）教师版考点清单一、形容词变副词加-ly要点精讲1：常见以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；monthly每月的；motherly慈母般的；deadly致命的；likely很可能的；有希望的；elderly上了年纪的；稍老的要点精讲2：多数形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：successful—successfullysevere—severelyextreme—extremely例外：full-fully要点精讲3：以-y结尾形容词变副词要变y为i再加-ly：happy—happilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilynecessarynecessarily例外：shy—shyly要点精讲4：以-le,-ble结尾的形容词变副词，去e加y：gentle—gentlypossible—possiblyprobable—probablysimple—simply例外：true—trulywhole—wholly要点精讲5：以-ic结尾的形容词变为副词，直接加-ally：basic—basicallyspecific—specificallyautomatic—automatically例外：public--publicly要点精讲6：以-ing结尾形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：surprising-surprisinglyincreasing—increasinglyinteresting—interestingly要点精讲7：以-ed结尾形容词变为副词，直接加-ly：repeat—repeatedlyhurried—hurriedlyunexpected—unexpectedly例1：I'mterriblysorry,sir.I'llgetyouanotherone.例2：Healthyteethcanhelpuspronounceaccurately.例3：Weshouldplan

scientifically,andestablishapropercitynetwork.例4：Shedidn'tletanyoneknowwhatshe

trulyfelt.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2019•全国II)Heryearsofhardworkhave_________(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.2.(2019•全国III)TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere_________(huge)popularwithtourists.3.(2019•浙江)Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan_________(easy)seethem.4.Inspiteofthefallfromhishorse,hislegswere(surprise)uninjured.【答案与解析】1.finally。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是finally。2.hugely。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是hugely。3.easily。修饰动词应用副词。故答案是easily。4.surprisingly。修饰形容词应用副词。故答案是surprisingly。考点清单二、形容词用于系表结构作表语要点精讲：“系动词+表语”结构中系动词后接形容词作表语，该考点在短文改错中频繁出现应予以重视。这些系动词分三类：①感官类系动词：look,seem,appear,feel,sound,taste,smell②变化类系动词：become,turn,come,go,fall,get③保持证明类系动词：stay,keep,be,remain,prove,turnout例5：Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.例6：Hisdreamofbeingadancerhascometrue.例7：Whathesaidprovedtobecorrectintheend.【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。5.(2019·浙江)Schooluniformsare________(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.6.(2018·全国III)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel_________(challenge).7.(2018·浙江)Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe_________(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.8.(2019·全国II)Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's_________(wonder).9.(2018·全国I)Runningischeap,easyandit’salways_________(energy).【答案与解析】5.traditional。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是traditional。6.challenged。结合语境应用形容词作表语。feelchallenged表示“感到被挑战”。故答案是challenged。7.affordable。结合语境应用形容词作表语，affordable表示“买得起的”。故答案是affordable。8.wonderful。结合语境应用形容词作表语。故答案是wonderful。9.energetic。结合语境应用形容词作表语，energetic表示“使精力充沛的”。故答案是energetic。考点清单三、形容词修饰名词作定语要点精讲：形容词修饰名词作定语是基本用法，此考点在短文改错中经常出现，难度不大，注意审题即可。例8：Doyouknowanyonefamousinthisfield?例9：Iknowanactorsuitableforthepart.

例10：Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriousproblem.【即时训练】单句改错或在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。10.(2017·全国I)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.11.(2019·北京)Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand_____________(meaning)collegeexperience.12.(2017•浙江)Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda_____________(shine)object.【答案与解析】10.suddenly改为sudden。结合语境修饰名词应用形容词。故答案是suddenly改为sudden。11.meaningful。结合语境应用形容词作定语，meaningful表示“有意义的”。故答案是meaningful。12.shining/shiny。结合语境应用形容词作定语，shining/shiny表示“闪光的，发亮的”。故答案是shining/shiny。考点清单四、易混形容词副词辨析要点精讲1：具有两种形式的副词的区别deepadv在深处，深深地（本义，不带感情色彩）deeplyadv深深地（引申义，带有感情色彩）highadv高高地（本义，不带感情色彩）highlyadv高度地（引申义，带有感情色彩）closeadv在深处，深深地（本义，不带感情色彩）closelyadv密切地；仔细地（引申义，带有感情色彩）wideadv大地；宽地widelyadv广泛地lateadv迟地，晚地latelyadv最近；近来hardadv努力地；用功地hardlyadv几乎不mostadv最多，最mostlyadv大部分地；主要地例11：Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.例12：Evenmyfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.例13：Heopenedthedoorwidetoseeclearlywhatwashappeningoutside.例14：Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.【即时训练】从括号内所给单词中选择一个填在空白处。13.We

think_____________(high/highly)

of

their

research

in

the

field.

14.It'sonly_____________(late/lately)thatshe'sbeenwellenoughtogoout.15.Gwenhad

not

seen

her

dad

allthat

much,

because

_____________(most/mostly)

he

worked

on

theships.

16.Shehasthoughtvery_____________(hard/hardly)aboutherfutureplans.

【答案与解析】13.highly。thinkhighlyof是固定搭配，表示“高度评价”。故答案是highly。14.lately。lately表示“最近，近来”，常与现在完成时连用。故答案是lately。15.mostly。mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，符合语境逻辑。故答案是mostly。16.hard。thinkhard表示“用心思考”。故答案是hard。要点精讲2：常见易混形容词副词的区别soadv如此；太（修饰形容词、副词或动词）suchadj这样的，如此的（修饰名词）goodadj好的，好样的（作定语或表语）welladv好的（修饰动词、形容词作状语）manyadj很多的，许多的（修饰复数名词）muchadj很多的，许多的（修饰不可数名词）fewadj一些；少的（修饰复数名词）littleadj一些；少的（修饰不可数名词）例15：ShespokesoquietlythatIcouldhardlyhearher.

例16：HecouldputanideainsuchawaythatAlanwouldbelieveitwashisown.

例17：Thereseemtobefewertouristsaroundthisyear.

例18：Ihadlittlemoneyandlittlefreetime.

【即时训练】单句改错。17.(2016·全国II)Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.18.(2016·全国III)Atfirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.19.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtasty.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.【答案与解析】17.many改为much。句意：这样花钱不多，但是仍然可以学到很多东西。涉及到金钱，不可数概念，故答案是many改为much。18.such改为so。so这里代替上文出现的句子。故答案是such改为so。19.much改为many。结合语境这里指Therearesofruits…，复数概念，故答案是much改为many。要点精讲3：-ing、-ed类形容词-ed形容词主要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到……”之意。-ing形容词主要用来说明给人的感受，含有“令人……”之意。例19：Theinstructionsontheboxareveryconfusing.

例20：Thechildrengaveaconfusedaccountofwhathadhappened.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。20.Theaudiencewerevery___________(excite)bytheshow.21.Theparentsare___________(worry)abouttheir___________(worry)son.22.Whenapolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada___________(frighten)lookonhisface.【答案与解析】20.excited。句意：观众们看了演出感到非常激动。结合语境应用excited。故答案是excited。21.worried；worrying。句意：父母在为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。句中用worried说明父母，是因为父母感到担心；用worrying说明儿子，是因为这个儿子令父母担心。故答案是worried；worrying。22.frightened。句意：当警车出现在马路上时，那个小偷脸上是吃惊的表情。根据语境逻辑脸上是“感到吃惊的”表情。故答案是frightened。要点精讲3：形容词副词语境辨析形容词副词语境辨析能力四高考英语基本要求之一，具体体现在单项填空、完形填空、短文改错中。辨析的技巧包括：一看汉语意思，二看固定搭配，三看行文逻辑。【即时训练】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。23.I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.A.special B.superior C.grateful D.attractive24.Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople'shomeeither______orthroughtheircompanies.A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.deliberately25.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis____gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.A.gradually B.usually C.previously D.merely26.Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe_____.A.accurate B.punctual C.efficient D.reasonable27.Idon’tthinkwhathesaidis_____tothetopicwearediscussing.Hehasmissedthepoint.A.faithful B.parallel C.relevant D.similar【答案与解析】23.C。句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A特殊的；B优秀的，比好的；C感激的；D有吸引力的。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选C。24.C。句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是一个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。A合法地；B真诚地；C亲自，当面地，个人而言；D故意地。故选C。25.A。句意:那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极,

(比以前)更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”B项“通常，经常”;

C项“以前”;

D项“仅仅”。故选A项。26.B．句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项“守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选D项。27.C。句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与……平行”；C项“和……相关”；D项“和……相似”。berelevantto“和……相关”。故选C项。好题再练（一）高考真题1.(2021•全国甲)Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir_________(day)routines.2.(2021•全国乙)Provide_________(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.3.(2021•全国新高考)Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill_________(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!4.(2021•浙江1月)But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed_________(sharp).5.(2021•全国新高考)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventurethatoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour_________(ache)legs.6.(2020•全国I)Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis_________(extreme)challenging.7.(2020•全国II)BranchesofPlumBlossoms(梅花):The_________(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.8.(2020•全国III)Asthesmallboatmoved,_________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.9.(2020•北京)Oliversaysifyou're_________(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthemifyoucanjoininwhenit'spossible.10.(2020•山东)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,_________(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.【答案】1.daily2.financial3.undoubtedly4.sharply5.aching6.extremely7.beautiful8.gently9.lucky10.wealthy好题再练（二）高考真题11.(2021•全国甲)Inmyopinion,whenintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.12.(2021•全国乙)Somewillturntotheirparentsorteachersforhelp.Onlyalittlechoosetodealwiththeproblemsontheirown.13.(2021•全国乙)What’smore,doinghouseworkcanbeaformofmentallyrelaxationfromstudy.14.(2020•全国I)TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.15.(2020•全国II)ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpracticetogethereveryday.16.(2020•全国II)I’msurelyyou’llhaveagoodtime.17.(2020•全国III)Mymomisreallyconcerningwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamily.18.(2019•全国I)Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.19.(2019•全国II)First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.20.(2019•全国III)WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.【答案】11.mostly改为most12.little改为few13.mentally改为mental14.simply改为simple15.such改为so16.surely改为sure17.concerning改为concerned18.hardly改为hard19.coolly改为cool20.ordinarily改为ordinary好题再练（三）高考真题21.(2021•天津)Whilerock-climbing,youneedtoremainvery_____sothatyouwon'tmakeanydangerouserrors. A.satisfied B.focused C.amused D.delighted22.(2021•天津)Asworkingfromhomebecomes________common,peoplearefindingiteasiertocombineparenthoodwithafull-timecareer.A.increasingly B.equally C.nervously D.confusingly23.(2020•江苏)TheoutbreakofCovid-19hasmeantan_____changeinourlifeandwork.A.absurd B.abrupt C.allergic D.authentic24.(2020•天津)AccordingtoProfessorJohnson,wedon’thavetoreadthebookifwedon’twantto,asitis______.A.worthwhile B.necessary C.optional D.serious25.(2019•江苏)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople___________optionstoexercise.A.casual B.regular C.flexible D.tight26.(2018•江苏)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris_______toinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready27.(2017•江苏)Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But_______explanationsarehardtofind.A.alternative B.aggressive C.ambiguousD.apparent28.(2016•江苏)Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost__________statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary29.(2016•江苏)Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost__________statementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary30.(2015•江苏)Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensive B.complicated C.conscious D.crucial【答案与解析】21.B。句意：在攀岩的时候，你需要保持非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A.satisfied满意的；B.focused专注的；C.amused被逗乐的；D.delighted高兴的。根据后